— Volume 4 / Walpole, Horace, 1717-1797— Volume 4 / Walpole, Horace, 1717-1797| Author: | Walpole, Horace, 1717-1797 |
| Title: | — Volume 4 |
| Date: | 2002-03-27 |
| Contributor(s): | Wiking, Paula [Translator] |
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| Identifier: | etext4919 |
| Language: | en |
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Title: Letters of Horace Walpole, V4
Author: Horace Walpole
Release Date: January, 2004 [EBook #4919]
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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK, LETTERS OF HORACE WALPOLE, V4 ***
This etext was produced by Marjorie Fulton.
For easier searching, letters have been numbered. Only the
page numbers that appear in the table of contents have been
retained in the text of letters. Footnotes have been regrouped
as endnotes following the letter to which they relate.
The Letters of Horace Walpole,
Earl of Orford:
Including Numerous letters Now First Published
From The Original Manuscripts.
In Four Volumes.
Vol. IV.
1770-1797.
Philadelphia: Lea And Blanchard.
1842.
C. Sherman & Co. Printers
19 St. James Street.
Contents Of Vol. IV.
[Those Letters now first collected are marked N.]
1770.
1. To Sir David Dalrymple, January 1.-Thanks for his "History
of Scottish Councils." The spirit of controversy the curse of
modern times. Attack on the House of Commons. Outcry against
grievances. Despotism and unbounded licentiousness--(N.) 25
2. To the same, Jan. 23.-Mr. Charles Yorke's rapid history.
Lord Chatham's attempt to enlarge the representation. Sir
George Savile and Mr. Burke's attack on the House of Commons.
Modern Catilines. Corruption of senators. Wilkes, Parson Horne,
and JUnius--[N.] 26
3. To George Montagu, Esq. March 31.-Print of Alderman
Backwell--28
4. To the same, May 6.-Backwardness of the season. Marriages.
Masquerades. New establishment at Almack's. Intercourse between
age and youth--28
5. To the same, June 11.-Description of Lord Dysart's house at
Ham--29
6. To the same, June 29.-Promising a visit on his way to Stowe.
Death of Alderman Beckford--31
7. To the same, July 1.-On not finding him at home--32
8. To the same, July 7.-Account of his visit to Stowe, Lines
addressed to Princess Amelia--33
9. To the Earl of Strafford, July 9.-Visit to Stowe, Alderman
Beckford's death--35
10. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, July 12.-Visit to Stowe--36
11. To George Montagu, Esq. July 14.-Reversion of Walpole's
place--37
12. To the same, July 15-Correcting a mistake in his last--38
13. To the same Oct. 3.-Fit of the gout. The gate of age--38
14. To the same, Oct. 16--39
15. To the Earl of Strafford, Oct. 16.-Convalescence. Dispute
with Spain--39
16. To the Earl of Charlemont, Oct. 17.-In answer to an
application on behalf of an artist, and a wish to be permitted
to read his tragedy--[N.] 40
17. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Nov. 15.-Soliciting his interest in
Cambridgeshire for Mr. Brand--41
18. To the same, Nov. 26.-Mr. Bentham's "History of Ely
Cathedral"--41
19. To the same, Dec. 20.-Mr. Essex's projected "History of
Gothic Architecture." Antiquarian Society. Dean Milles.
Gentlemen engravers at Cambridge--42
20. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Dec. 25.-Planting of
poplar-pines. Dryden's "King Arthur" altered by Garrick--43
21. To the same, Dec. 29.-Change in the French ministry.
Overthrow of the Duc de Choiseul. Banishment of the Duc de
Praslin. New law arrangements at home--44
1771.
22. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Jan. 10.-Suggestions for getting the
projected History of Gothic Architecture patronized by the
King--45
23. To the same, May -29.-Letters of Edward the Sixth--46
24. To the same, June 11.-On the various attacks upon his
writings. Archaeologia, or Old Women's Logic. Mr. Masters--47
25. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, June 17.-Visit to Ampthill.
Houghton Park. Mausoleum of the Bruces--[N.] 48
26. To the Earl of Strafford, June 20 . -Intended visit to
Paris. Madame du Deffand. New French ministry. The Duc
d'Aiguillon. Life of Cellini. Charles Fox--49
27. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, June 22.-On the cross to be erected
at Ampthill to the memory of Catherine of Arragon--50
28. To the same, June 24.-Thanks for some prints and letters--
51
29. To John Chute, Esq. July 9.-Account of his journey to
Paris--51
30. To the Hon. H. S, Conway, July 30.-French politics.
Distress at court. Vaudevilles against Madame du Barry.
Amusements at Paris. Gaillard's "Rivalit`e de la France et de
l'Angleterre"--52
31. To John Chute, Esq. Aug. 5.-Progress of English gardening
in France. New arr`ets. General distress. State of Le Soeor's
paintings at the Chartreuse. The charm of viewing churches and
convents dispelled. Shock at learning the death of Gray--55
32. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Aug. 11.-Reflection on the death
of Gray. Lady Beauchamp. Opium a false friend--57
33. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Aug. 12.-Reflections on the death of
Gray--58
34. To the Earl of Strafford, Aug. 25.-Climate of Paris. French
economy and retrenchment. Mademoiselle Guimard. Mademoiselle
Heinel. Suppression of the French Parliaments. Ruinous
condition of the palaces and pictures--59
35. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Sept. 7.-Return to England.
Deplorable condition of the French finances--61
36. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Sept. 10.-Thanks for some particulars
of Gray's death. Dr. James Browne. Gray's portrait--62
37. To the same, Oct. 12.-Mr. Essex's design for the cross at
Ampthill. Calvin and Luther--63
'38. To the same, Oct. 23.-Armour of Francis the First. Ancient
window from Bexhill. Tomb of Capoccio--63
1772.
39. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, January 7.-Effects of an
explosion of powder-mills at Hounslow--64
40. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Jan. 28.-Dean Milles. Relics of Gray.
Letters on the English nation. Garrick and his writings.
Wilkes's squint--65
41. To the same, June 9--66
42. To the same, June 17.-Thanks for some literary researches.
Letters of Sir Thomas Wyat. Lives of Leland, Hearne, and Wood.
Browne Willis. Peter Gore and Thomas Callaghan--66
43. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, June 22.-Panic occasioned by
Fordyce's bankruptcy. Cherubims. Exercise. Letters of Guy
Patin. Charles Fox's annuities. Lives of Leland, Hearne, and
Wood. Entry in Wood's Diary. Freemasonry. Peter Gore--68
44. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, July 7.-King Edward's letters.
Portrait of Gray. Death of Mr. West the antiquary. His
collections. Foote's comedy of "The Nabob"--70
45. To the same, July 28.-Archaeologia, or, Old Women's Logic.
Antiquarian Society. Life of Sir Thomas Wyat. William Thomas's
"Peleryne"--70
46. To the same, Aug. 25.-Thanks to Dr. Browne for a goar-stone
and seal belonging to Gray. Lincoln and York cathedrals. Roche
Abbey. Screen of York Minster--71
47. To the same, Aug. 28.-Indolence of age. inquiries after
some prints--72
48. To the same, Nov. 7.-Fit of the gout. Regret at not being
able to see Mr. Essex--73
49. To the same.-On the rapacity of a gentleman who had thinned
Mr. Cole's collection of prints--74
50. To the Countess of Ailesbury, Dec. 20.-Account of Reynal's
"Histoire Philosophique et Politique du Commerce des Deux
Indes"--74
1773.
51. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Jan. 8.-Mr. Masters's answer to
"Historic Doubts." Antiquarians. Freemasonry. Governor Pownall.
Edition of "M`emoires du Comte de Grammont." Dedication to
Madame du Deffand. Gray's "Odes"--75
52. To the same, Feb. 18.-Miscellaneous antiquities. Governor
Pownall's System of Freemasonry. Mrs. Marshall's "Sir Harry
Gaylove, or Comedy in Embryo"--77
53. To the Rev. William Mason, March 2.-Thanks for submitting
his collections for the "Life of Gray" to his correction.
Origin of the differences between them. Takes to himself the
chief blame in the quarrel--(N.) 78
(54. To the same, March 27.-Mason the author of "The Heroic
Epistle to Sir William Chambers." Account of Gray's going
abroad with him--79
55. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, April 7.-ArchaEologia, or Old Women's
Logic. Masters's answer to "Historic Doubts." Sale of Mr.
West's collections--80
56. To the same, April 27.@Character of authors. Shenstone's
and Hughes' "Correspondence." Declines acquaintance with Mr.
Gough. Scotch metaphysicians. Anstey's "New Bath Guide."
"Heroic Epistle." Oliver Goldsmith. Johnson's pension--81
57. To the same, May 4.-On being mentioned by the public orator
at Cambridge--82
58. To the same, May 29.--83
59. To Dr. Berkenhout, July 5.-Declining to supply materials
for a biographical notice of himself--84
60. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Aug. 30.-Visit to Houghton.
Deplorable state of his nephew's private affairs. Mortification
of family pride--84
61. To the Earl of Strafford, Sept. 24.-Journey to Houghton.
State of his nephew's affairs. Lady Mary Coke's ardour of
peregrination. Beatific print of Lady Huntingdon. Whitfield and
the Methodists. Death of the Duke of Kingston--85
62. To the same, Nov. 15.-Best way of contending with the folly
and vice of the world. Proposed tax on Irish absentees. Lady
Mary Coke's mortifications. Count Gage and Lady Mary Herbert--
86
63. To Lady Mary Coke.-On her ardour of peregrination--87
64. To the Hon. Mrs. Grey, Dec. 9.-Advice from Dr. Walpole to
Lady Blandford suffering from a fit of the gout--89
65. To Sir David Dalrymple, Dec. 14.-Thanks for his "Remarks on
the History of Scotland"--[N.] 90
1774.
66. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, May 4.-Reasons for his long silence.
Temptations to visit Strawberry. Fate of Mr. Bateman's
collection of curiosities. Conjectured fate of Strawberry--90
67. To the same, May 28.-Pennant's "Tour to Scotland and the
Hebrides." Ossian. Fingal's Cave. Brave way of being an
antiquary. Mr. Gough described. Fenn's "Original Letters."
Society of Antiquaries. Old friends--91
68. To the same, June 21.-Efficacy of James's powder. Old
friends in old age our best amusement. Flattery. Queen
Catherine's Cross at Ampthill--93
69. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, June 23.-On the General's tour of
military observation. Politics. Quebec-bill--94
70. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Aug. 15.-Account of his antiquarian
pursuits. Journey into Worcestershire. Matson. Gloucester
Cathedral. Monument of Edward the Second. Bishop Hooper's
house. Prinknash. Berkeley Castle. Murder of Edward the Second.
Thornbury Castle. The vicar of Thornbury--95
71. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Aug. 18.-On the General's
introduction to the King of Prussia. Account of his own journey
into Worcestershire--98
72. To the same, Sept. 7.-On the General's visit to the mines
of Cremnitz. Visit to Berkeley Castle. Lord Malton presented at
court in coal-black hair--99
73. To the same, Sept. 27.-Rejoices at the General's flattering
reception at foreign courts. Character of the Germans. Italian
women. Reasons for not taking a trip to Paris. French dirt. New
elections. Mode of passing his time--101
74. To the same, Sept. 28.-Cautions for his conduct at Paris.
Entreaty to take much notice of Madame du Deffand. Her
character. Wishes to have back his letters to her. Mademoiselle
de l'Espinasse. The Duchesse de Choiseul. Monsieur Buffon.
Comte de Broglie--103
75. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Oct. 11.-Elections. His nephew's
mental alienation--105
76. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Oct. 16.-New elections. Wilkes's
popularity. Charles Fox. Character of M. de Maurepas. Reasons
for not meeting him at Paris--106
77. To the same, Oct. 29.-On the General's being deprived of a
seat in the new Parliament. Objects to be seen at Paris. Church
of the Celestines. Richelieu's tomb at the Sorbonne. H`otel de
Carnavalet. Versailles. The Luxembourg. Pictures at the Palais
Royal. Church of the Invalids. St. Roch. The Carmelites. The
Val de Grace. The Sainte Chapelle. Tomb of Cond`e; and of
Cardinal Fleury--108
78. To the Countess of Ailesbury, Nov. 7.-Domestic news.
Marriages. Wilkes's popularity. Mr. Burke's success at Bristol.
"Wit-and-a-gamut." Comforts of old age--110
79. To the Earl of Strafford, Nov. 11.-Concert at Isleworth.
Leoni. The Opera. The Duchess of Kingston--112
80. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Nov. 12. Thanks for his
attentions to Madame du Deffand. American disturbances. General
Burgoyne's "Maid of the Oaks," The Duc de la Vali`ere.
Chevalier de Boufflers. Madame de Caraman. Madame de Mirepoix.
Abb`e Raynal. Mademoiselle de Rancoux. Le Kain. Mo]`e.
Preville. M. Boutin's English garden--112
81. To the same, Nov. 27.-Deaths. Disturbed state of America.
The Duchess of Kingston. French despotism. Madame du Deffand.
Opera. The Bastardella. Death of lord Holland--115
82. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Dec. 15.-Remonstrances from
America. Lord Chatham--118
83. To the same, Dec. 26.-The Prince de Conti. Proceedings of
the French Parliament. Petitions from America. Burke's
speeches. Duchesse de Lauzun. St. Lambert--119
84. To the same, Dec. 31.-Biblioth`eque du Roi. Abb`e
Barthelemi. Duc de Choiseul. "History of Furness Abbey"--121
1775.
85. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Jan. 9.-Nell Gwynn's letter. Strutt's
"Manners and Customs of the Inhabitants of England." Duke
Humphrey's skull at St. Albans--124
86. To the Hon. H . S. Conway, Jan. 15.-Party-men. Lord George
Germain. Mr. Burke. Lord Chatham. Marquis of Rockingham.
Operations of the Bostonians. General Gage. New Parnassus at
Batheaston. Bouts-rim`es. Lines on a buttered muffin, by the
Duchess of Northumberland. Lord Palmerston's poem on Beauty.
Rulhi`ere's Russian Anecdotes--124
87. To the same, Jan. 22.-Debate in the House of lords on Lord
Chatham's motion for withdrawing the troops from Boston. Plan
for cutting off all traffic with America. Illness of the Duke
of Gloucester. Committee of oblivion. Death of Dowdeswell and
Tom Hervey--[N.]
128
88. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, April 11.-Warm approbation of mason's
Life of gray. Verses by Lord Rochford, Anne Boleyn's brother--
129
89. To the same, April 25.-Mason's Life of Gray. "Peep in the
Gardens at Twickenham." Whitaker's History of Manchester.
Bryant's Ancient Mythology--132
90. To the same, June 5,-Genealogical inquiries. Blomefield's
Norfolk--134
91. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, July 9.-Projected trip to Paris.
American news. Story of Captain Mawhood, the teaman's son--136
92. To the same, August 9.-Preparations for a journey to Paris.
War between the Lord Chamberlain and Foote for refusing to
license his play--[N.] 137
93. To the Countess of Ailesbury, Aug. 17.-Journey to
Paris--138
94. To the same, Aug. 20.-Arrival at Paris. Madame du Deffand.
Madame Clotilde's wedding. M. Turgot's economy--139
95. To Mrs. Abington, Sept.-Regret at not knowing she was at
Paris. Compliment to her great merits as an actress--[N.) 140
96. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Sept. 8.-On Lady Ailesbury being
overturned in her carriage. Madame du Deffand. Lady Barrymore.
Madame de Marchais Madame de Viri. French opinion of our
dispute with America--140
97. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Oct. 6.-Illness of Madame du
Deffand. Economy and reformation of the bon-ton at Paris.
Horse-race on the Plain de Sablon. French politics, and
probable changes--142
98. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Dec. 10.-English version of Gray's
Latin Odes--144
99. To the Countess of Ailesbury, Dec. 11.-Trial of the Duchess
of Kingston. Le Texier's French readings--145
100. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Dec. 14.-Society of Antiquarians.
Opening of Edward the First's tomb. Prints from pictures at
Houghton--146
101. To Thomas Astle, Esq. Dec. 19.-On the attainder of George
Duke of Clarence, found in the Tower--147
1776.
102. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Jan. 26.-Subject of the Painting at
the Rose Tavern in Fleet-street. Attainder of George Duke of
Clarence--148
103. To Edward Gibbon, Esq. February.-Thanks for the first
volume of the "Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire"--[N.] 149
104. To the same, Feb. 14.-Panegyric on the first volume of the
"Decline and Fall"--[N.) 150
105. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, March 1.-On the old painting at the
Rose Tavern in Fleet-street. Antiquarian accuracy--151
106. To Dr. Gem, April 4.-French politics. Resistance of the
Parliament to the reformations of Messieurs de Malesherbes and
Turgot. Extraordinary speeches of the Avocat-G`en`eral. Our
dispute with America--151
107. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, April 16.-Death of the Rev. Mr.
Granger. Trial of Duchess of Kingston--153
108. To the same, June 1.-Mr. Granger's prints and papers
purchased by Lord Mountstuart--154
(109) To the same, June 11.-Vexations and disappointments of
the gout--155
110. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, June 30.-Gallery and beauty-room
at Strawberry. Lady Diana Beauclerk. His own talents and
pursuits. Picture of his mind--156
111. To the' Rev. Mr. Cole, July 23.-Thanks for the present of
a vase. Condolence on the ill state of his health--157
112. To the same, July 24.-Effects of General Conway's illness
on his own mind. Outliving one's friends. Mr. Penticross--158
113. To the same, Aug. 19.-Inquiries after Dr. Kenrick Prescot.
Death of Mr. Damer--159
114. To the same, Sept. 9.-Alterations at Strawberry. Lord
Carmarthen--160
115. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Oct. 31.-Folly and madness of
the dispute with America. Opening of Parliament. Prospect of a
war with France. Reasons for his retirement--(N.] 161
116. To the Earl of Strafford, Nov-. 2.-retirement. Effects of
our climate. Unhappy dispute with America. Prospect of war with
France--162
117. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Dec. 9.-Sir John Hawkins's "History
of Music"--163
1777.
118. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Feb. 20.-Purchase of the shutters of
the altar at St. Edmondsbury--163
119. To the same, February 27.-Requesting the loan of some of
his manuscripts. Dr. Dodd--165
120. To the same, May 22.-Continuance of his nephew's mental
illness. Love of Cambridge. Inclination to a sequestered life.
Charles the Fifth--166
121. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, June 19.-Macpherson's success with
Ossian the ruin of Chatterton. Rowley's pretended poems.
Chatterton's death--167
122. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, July 10.-M. d'Agincourt's
"Histoire de l'Art par les Monumens." The "Hayssians." Madame
de Blot. M. Schomberg. Madame Necker's character of Walpole--
168
123. To Robert Jephson, Esq. July 13.-Advice respecting the
representation of his tragedy. Success of Sheridan's School for
Scandal--[N.] 169
124. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Aug. 31.-True wisdom. Illness of the
Duke of Gloucester. Monasteries. Recluse life. "In six weeks my
clock will strike sixty!"--171
125. To the same, Sept. 16.-Thanks for the loan of manuscripts.
Nonsense. Sincerity the foundation of long friendship. Sir
Joshua Reynolds's portrait of Soame Jenyns. Duke of
Gloucester's recovery--172
126. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Sept. 16.-Description of a
machine called the Delineator. His "unlearnability"--173
127. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Sept. 22.-Suggesting a life of
Thomas Baker, author of "Reflections on Learning." Burnet's
History. Christiana, Queen of Sweden. Calvin--173
128. To Robert Jephson, Esq. Oct. 1.-"The Law of Lombardy"--
[N.] 175
129. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Oct. 5.-Apologies for not
meeting him at Goodwood. Disinclination to move from home.
"Threescore to-day State of his health and spirits. His idea of
old age--176
130. To Robert Jephson. Esq. Oct. 17.-Criticism on ,The Law of
Lombardy"--[N.] 177
131. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Oct. 19.-Burnet's History. Duke
Lauderdale. Sir John Dalrymple and Macpherson's Histories.
Friendship. Efficacy of the bootikins--179
1778.
132. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, March 31.-Politics. Life of Mr.
Baker--181
133. To the same, April 23.-Life of Baker. Pennant's "Welsh
Tour." Warton's "History of English Poetry." Lord Hardwicke's
State Papers." Aspect of the times--181
134. To the same, May 21.-Restoration of Popery. Lord Chatham's
interment. Intercourse with Chatterton. Detection of his
forgeries--182
135. To the Rev. William Mason.-Visit from Dr. Robertson. The
Doctor's contemplated "History of King William." Macpherson's
and Sir John Dalrymple's scandals--184
136. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, June 3.-Patriots and politics. Dr.
Franklin. Lord Chatham's interment. His merits and demerits.
Mr. Tyrwhit. Chatterton's forgeries--186
137. To the same, June 10.-His political creed, and opinion of
parties and political men. Life of Mr. Baker. Rowley and
Chatterton. Mat. Prior. Mr. Hollis. Mrs. Macauley--187
138. To the Countess of Ailesbury, June 25.--Mr. Conway's
governorship. Cuckoos and Nightingales. Robbery of Mrs. Clive--
189
139. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, July 8.-Suggesting the propriety
of pacification with America. Conduct of the Opposition. French
neutrality. Partition of Poland--189
140. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, July 12.-Projected Life of Mr.
Baker. Dr. Kippis's "Biographia Britannica." Addison's
character of Lord Somers. Whitgift and Abbot. Archbishop
Markham. Calvin and Wesley. Popery and Presbyterianism.
Churches and convents--191
141. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, July 18.-Sailing of the Brest
fleet. Political prospects--192
142. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, July 24.-Answer to the attack upon
him prefixed to Chatterton's works. Gray's tomb, and Mason's
epitaph--193
143. To the same, Aug. 15.-Rowley's pretended poems. Walpole's
defence. Bishop Walpole'-s tomb. Baker's Life--194
144. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Aug, 21.-Recollections of
Sussex. Arundel Castle,. Tombs of the Fitzalans. Knowle and
Penshurst. Summer Hill. Leeds Castle. Goldsmiths' Company.
Aquatic adventure--195
145. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Aug. 22.-Chatterton. Attacks on
Walpole in the Critical Review. Lord Hardwicke and the Carleton
Papers. Literary squabbles. The "Old English Baron." Lady
Craven's "Sleep Walker." A literary adventure--196
146. To the same, Sept. 1.-Attack on him in the Critical
Review. Cabal in the Antiquarian Society. Their Saxon and
Danish discoveries, and Roman remains. Value of Mr. Cole's
collections,. Visit from Dr. Kippis--198
147. To the same, Sept. 18.-"Biographia Britannica." Life of
the first Lord Barrington. Anecdote of the present peer--200
148. To the same, Oct. 14.-Defence of Sir Robert Walpole
against a charge of instigating George the Second to destroy
the will of his father. Lord Chesterfield--202
149. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Oct. 23.-Account of his
pursuits--201
150. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Oct. 26.-Completion of his Life of
Mr. Baker--204
151. To the same, Nov. 4.-Attack of the gout. Character of Mr.
Baker--205
152. To Lady Browne. Nov. 5.-Reflections on the state of' his
health. Lady Blandford's obstinacy--[N.] 206
153. To the same, Dec. 18.-Admiral Keppel's trial. Lord Bute.
Lord George Germaine. Lady Holderness, Lord and Lady
Carmarthen--[N.] 207
154. To the Earl of Buchan, Dec. 24.-Reply to inquiries after
certain portraits--[N.) 209
155. To Edward Gibbon, Esq.-On the attacks upon his History of
the Decline and Fall--[N.] 210
1779.
156. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Jan. 3.-Life of Mr. Baker. Damage
done by the great tempest on New-year's morning. Death of
Bishop Kidder. Tamworth Castle. Lord Ferrers's passion for
ancestry--211
157. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Jan. 9.-Mrs. Miller's follies at
Batbeaston. Ennui. His recent illness. Prospects of old age.
Admiral Keppel's trial. Grecian Republics. Anecdote of Sir
Robert Walpole. Character of Sir William Meredith--212
158. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Jan. 15.-Life of Mr. Baker. Pamphlet
respecting Chatterton--213
159. To the same, Jan. 28.-Reasons for not printing his
pamphlet concerning Chatterton. His Hieroglyphic Tales--214
160. To the same, Feb. 4.-Answer to Mr. Cole's objections to
his Life of Baker--215
161. To the same, Feb. 18.-His opinion of Hasted's history of
Kent. Lord Ferrers and Tamworth Castle--215
162. To Sir David Dalrymple, March 12.-Thanks for his "Annals."
Portrait of Duns Scotus--[N.] 216
163. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, March 28.-Swinburne's Travels in
Spain. The Alhambra. Character of Moses. Cumberland's Masque of
"Calypso." Design of a chimney-piece, by Holbein--216
164. To Edward Gibbon, Esq.-Congratulations on his
,Vindication" of his "History"--[N.] 218
165. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, April 12.-St. Peter's portrait.
Richard the Third. Truth and Falsehood. Murder of Miss Ray by
Mr. Hackman. Shades of madness. Solace in books and past ages--
218
166. To the same, April 20.-Plates after designs by Rubens--219
167. To the same, April 23.-Sale of the pictures at Houghton--
220
168. To Mrs. Abington.-Regrets at not being able to accept an
invitation--(N.) 220
169. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, May 21.-History of the Abbey of Bec.
Keate's "Sketches from Nature." Church of Reculver. Person of
Richard the Third--221
170. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, May 22.-Attack on Jersey. War in
America. Masquerades. Festino at Almack's. Lord Bristol's
wonderful calf--221
171. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, June 2.-State of his health.
Strictures on a volume of the ArchEeologia. Pictures at
Houghton--222
172. To the Rev. Dr. Lort, June 4.-Painted shutters from the
altar of St. Edmund's Bury--224
173. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, June 5.-Disturbances in Ireland.
Spanish declaration of war. Treatment of America. Tickell's
"Cassette Verte." Dr. Franklin. "Opposition Mornings." Story of
Mrs. Ellis and her great O--225
174. To the same, June 16.-Sailing of the Brest fleet.
Probability of a war with Spain. Dispute with America. State of
Ireland. F`ete at the Pantheon--227
175. To the Hon. George Hardinge, July 4.-Thanks for drawings
of Grignan. Letters of Madame de S`evign`e, and of her
daughter. Character of Coulanges--229
176. To the Countess of Ailesbury, July 10.-Conjectures on the
political state of the country. Washington and Clinton.
Difficulty of conquering America--230
177. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, July 12.-Value of the pictures at
Houghton--231
178. To the same, Aug. 12.-Thanks for offer of painted glass.
"History of Alien Priories"--232
179. To the Countess of Ailesbury, Aug. 13.-Situation of
General Conway in Jersey. Constancy of Fortune. Folly of
pursuing the war with America--233
180. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Sept. 12.-Alarms for the
General's situation at Jersey. Battle between Byron and
D'Estaing. Mrs. Damer. Eruption of Vesuvius--234
181. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Nov. 16.-Mr. Tyson's Journal. Old
Gate at Whitehall. Nichols's "Alien Priories." Rudder's
"History of Gloucestershire." Removal of old friends--235
182. To the same, Dec. 27.-Earl-bishops. Lord Bristol. Rudder's
"History of Gloucestershire"--236
1780.
183. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Jan. 5.-Congratulations on his
providential escape. Count-bishops. Old painting found in
Westminster-abbey. Tomb of Ann of Cleve. Reburial of the crown,
robes, and sceptre of Edward the First. Sale of the Houghton
pictures--237
184. To Robert Jephson, Esq., Jan. 25.-His opinion of Mr.
Jephson's "Count of Narbonne;" and advice on casting the parts-
-[N.] 238
185. To the same, Jan. 27.-Tragedy of the "Count of Narbonne."
Warburton's panegyric on the "Castle of Otranto." Miss Aikin's
"Fragment." "Old English Baron"--[N.] 240
186. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Feb. 5.-New volume of the
"Biographia Britannica." Characters of Dr. Birch, Dr.
Blackwell, and Dr. John Brown. Dr. Kippis's threat. Cardinal
Beaton. Dr. Bentley. Mr. Hollis. Barry the painter--242
187. To the same, Feb. 27.-Rodney's victory. Home prospects.
Party divisions. History of Leicester. Cit`e des dames.
Christiana of Pisa--242
188. To the same, March 6.-Thanks for his portrait in glass.
History of Leicester. Dean Mills and Mr. Masters. Pine-apples.
Charles the Second's gardener--245
189. To the same, March 13.-Atkyns's Gloucestershire.
Hutchinson's Northumberland. Romantic Correspondence of Hackman
and Miss Ray. Sir Herbert Croft's,,Love and Madness."
Chatterton. "The Young Villain." Lord Chatham. Lady Craven's
"Miniature Picture"--246
190. To the same, March 30.-Projected reform of the House of
Commons. Annual parliaments--248
191. To the same, May 11.-Death of Mr. Tyson, and of his old
friend George Montagu. His character--248
192. To the same, May 19.-Character of Joseph Spence--249
193. To the same, May 30.-Altar-doors from St. Edmundsbury.
Annibal Caracci and Shakspeare--250
194. To Mrs. Abington, June 11.-Invitation to Strawberry Hill--
[N.] 251
195. To the Earl of Strafford, June 12.-Lord George Gordon and
the Riots of London. Persecutions under the cloak of religion.
Highway robberies. Ambition the most detestable of passions--
251
196. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, June 15.-London riots. Black
Wednesday. Lord George Gordon in the Tower. Electioneering
rioting in Cambridgeshire. Mr. Banks and the Otaheitans--253
197. To the same, July 4.-Wishes his having written the Life of
Baker to be kept a secret--254
198. To the Earl of Strafford, Sept. 9.-Folly of election
contests. Dissatisfaction in the fleet--255
199. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Sept. 27.-Electioneering agitations.
Death of Madame du Deffand--256
200. To the same, Oct. 3.-"Life of Mr. Baker." Dr. James Brown-
-256
201. To the same, Nov. 11.-Mr. Gough's "Topography."
Introduction of ananas. Rose, the gardener of Charles the
Second. Folly of antiquaries--257
202. To the same, Nov. 24.-Mr. Gough's "Topography." Character
of Mr. Pennant. Dean Milles. Judge Barrington. Dulness and
folly of Grose's Dissertations. Rejoices in having done with
the professions of author and printer, and determines to be
comfortably lazy--259
203. To the same, Nov. 30.-In answer to a request for a copy of
his Anecdotes for the University Library at Cambridge.
Character of Mr. Gough--260
204. To Sir David Dalrymple, Dec. 11.-Thanks for communications
for his Anecdotes of Painters. Hogarth. Colonel Charteris.
Archbishop Blackbourne and Mrs. Conwys. Poetry of Richardson
and Hogarth. Lord Chesterfield's story of Jervas. Origin of Oil
Painting--261
205. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Dec. 19.-Friendship between Gray and
Mason. Views of Strawberry Hill--263
1781.
206. To Sir David Dalrymple, Jan. 1.-Thanks for his favourable
opinion of his father. His reasons for not writing his Life.
Dr. Kippis and his "Biographia Britannica." Lord Barrington and
the Hamburgh lottery. Character of King William. Folly of
reburying the crown and robes of' Edward the First. "Dr.
Johnson's notions of sacrilege--[N.) 264
207. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Jan. 3.-On the General's speech
for quieting the troubles in America. Melancholy state of the
country--266
208. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Feb. 7.-Death of Lady Orford at
Pisa--268
209. To the same, Feb. 9.-Wolsey's negotiations. Value of Mr.
Cole's manuscripts. Character of Mr. Pennant--269
210. To the Earl of Buchan, Feb. 10.-Thanks for being elected
member of the Scotch Society of Antiquaries--[N.] 269
211. To Sir David Dalrymple, Feb. 10.-Sir William Windham and
Sir Robert Walpole, Archibald Duke of Argyll. Scotch Society of
Antiquaries. Portrait of Lady Mary Douglas--[N.] 270
212. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, March 2.-Reasons for becoming a
member of the Scotch Antiquarian Society--272
213. To the same, March 5.-Inquiries after Lord Hardwicke's
"Walpoliana"--273
214. To the same, March 29.-Contradicting a report of Mr.
Pennant's indisposition of mind--273
215. To the same, April 3.-Lord Hardwicke's "Walpolianae"--274
216. To the same, May 4.-Character of Dr. Farmer. On his own
rank as an author. Pennant's "Welsh Tour." Madame du Deffand's
dog Tonton--274
217. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, May 6.-Relief of Gibraltar. Lord
Cholmondeley at Brookes's. Winnings of Charles Fox and
Fitzpatrick. India affairs. Arrival of Tonton--275
218. To the same, May 28.-Scotch thistles. French politics.
Resignation of Necker. Proposals for a pacification with
America. Charles Fox and the Marriage-bill. Folly of retiring
from the world--277
219. To the same, June 3. 'Projected French attack on Jersey.
Siege of Gibraltar. "The Young William Pitt's" first display.
Mr. Bankes. Theatricals. Consequences of lord Cornwallis's
victories--279
220. To the Earl of Strafford, June 13.-Visit from Mr. Storer--
281
221. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, June 16.-Sir Richard Worsley's
History of the Isle of wight. Nichols's Life of Hogarth. "AEdes
Strawberrianae." Miseries of having a house worth being seen--
282
222. To the Earl of Charlemont, July 1.-On Mr. Preston's poems-
-[N.] 284
223. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, July 7.-Orthodoxy and heterodoxy--
284
224. To the same, July 26--286
225. To the Earl of Strafford, Aug. 31.-Difficulty of sending
an entertaining letter. Mason's English Garden. Marriage of
Lord Althorp--286
226. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Sept. 16.-Their long and
uninterrupted friend- ship. Madame du Deffand's papers. Henley
bridge--287
227. To John Nichols, Esq. Oct. 31.-Criticisms on his Life of
Hogarth--288
228. To Robert Jephson, Esq. Nov. 7.-On his tragedy of "The
Count of Narbonne"--[N.] 290
229. To the same, Nov. 10.--[N.] 292
230. To the same, Nov. 13.--[N.] 293
231. To the same, Nov. 18.--[N.] 293
232. To the Hon. H. S. Conway,- Nov. 18.-On Mr. Jephson's
tragedy of "The Count of Narbonne"--294
233. To Robert Jephson, Esq. Nov. 18.-Favourable reception of
"The Count of Narbonne"--[N.] 295
234. To the Earl of Strafford, Nov. 27.-Surrender of the
British forces at York Town. Gloomy forebodings of the
consequences. General spirit of dissipation--296
235. To the Earl of Buchan, Dec. 1.-British disgraces in
America. Ancient portraits--[N.) 297
236. To Robert Jephson, Esq. Dec. 3.-On his expression of
dissatisfaction at some alterations in the scenes of his play--
[N.] 299
237. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Dec. 30.-The gout described. Etching
of Browne Willis. Character of Mr. Gough. Mr. George Steevens.
Rowley and Chatterton controversy--299
1782.
238. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Jan. 27.-Interview with, and
characters of Mr. Gough and Mr. Steevens--302
239. To the same,. Feb. 14.-Thanks for the loan of some
manuscripts. Society of Antiquaries. Description of his
regimen. His great nostrum--303
240. To the same, Feb. 15.-Specimen of Mr. Gough's "Sepulchral
Monuments." Antiquarian solemnities ridiculed. Count-bishop
Hervey. Martin Sherlock the English traveller--304
241. To the Rev. William Mason.-New French translation of the
Elder Pliny. Common jargon of Poetry--307
242. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Feb. 22.-Rowley and Chatterton
controversy--308
243. To the Hon. George Hardinge, March 8.-On the success of
General Conway's motion for putting an end to the American war-
-309
244. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, March 9.-Character of Dr. Farmer.
Declaration of war by the Emperor against the Crescent.
Ambition and interest under the mask of religion--310
245. To the same, April 11.-His preference of English to Latin
inscriptions. Mason's Archaeological Epistle to Dean Milles.
Melancholy death of Mr. Chamberlayne. Dr. Glynn--310
246. To the same, May 24.-On his own illness. The Chatterton
controversy--312
247. To the same, June 1.-Bishop Newton's Life. Pratt's "Fair
Circassian." Cumberland's "Anecdotes of Painters in Spain"--313
248. To John Nichols, Esq., June 19.-Dr. Henry Bland the
translator of Cato's speech into Latin--315
249. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, June 21.-Old age and solitude.
Marivaux and Cr`ebillon. Multiplicity of writers. Errors in
Nichols's "Select Poems"--315
250. To the same, July 23.-Merits of Nichols's "Life of
Bowyer." Dr. Mead. Carteret Webb. Great men. Dr. Birch's
Catalogue of Manuscripts in the British Museum--316
251. To the Earl of Strafford, Aug. 16.-Inclemency of the
season. Robberies. Comte de Grasse. Mrs. Clive's declining
health. Philosophy of deceiving one's self--317
252. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Aug. 20.--[N.] 318
253. To the Earl of Buchan, Sept. 15.-Dr. Birch's Catalogue.
Mr. Tyrwhitt's book on the Rowleian controversy--[N.] 319
254. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Sept. 17.-On the General's being
appointed Commander-in-chief. His new coke ovens--319
255. To the Earl of Strafford, Oct. 3.-General Elliot's success
at Gibraltar. Necessity of peace. Increase of highway
robberies. Mr. Mason--320
256. To the Rev. Mr. Cole, Nov. 5.--On Mr. Cole's illness. His
death--321
1783.
257. To George Colman, Esq. May 10.-Thanks for his translation
of Horace's Art of Poetry--322
258. To the Earl of Buchan, May 12.-Congratulations on the
success of the Scotch Antiquarian Society. Roman remains.
Biography of illustrious men. Account of John Law. Papers in
the Scotch college at Paris, and paintings in the Castle of
Aubigny--N.) 324
259. To the Hon. George Hardinge, May 17.-Sir Thomas Rumbold's
Bill of pains and penalties--325
260. To the Earl of Strafford, June 24.-Visits of the French to
England. Their Anglomanie. George Ellis. Beau Dillon.
"Antoinette." Mr. Mason. Fashionable life--326
261. To the same, Aug. 1.-Complains of his own inactivity and
indifference. Speculations on the peace. Lord Northesk. Shock
of an earthquake--328
262. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Aug. 15.-Addresses of the Irish
Volunteers. Political speculations. Mr. Fox--330
263. To the same, Aug. 27.--[N.) 331
264. To the Earl of Strafford, Sept. 12.-Visit to Astley's
theatre. Sir William Hamilton. Mr. Mason's new discoveries in
painting. Pursuit of health--332
265. To the same, Oct. 11.-Disturbed state of Ireland.
Parliamentary reform. Yorkshire Associations Leaders of
friction. Lord Carlisle's tragedy. Lord and lady Fitzwilliam--
334
266. To Lady Browne, Oct. 19.-State of his health--[N.)336
267. To Governor Pownall, Oct. 27.-Observations on a defence of
Sir Robert Walpole by the Governor. Character of Home. Sylla.
Liberality of George the First and Second to his father--336
268. To the same, Nov. 7.-The same subject--339
269. To the Earl of Strafford, Nov. 10.-Situation of Ireland.
Flowers of Billingsgate. Flood and Grattan. Meeting of the
delegates. Difference between correcting abuses and removing
landmarks. Character of Mr. Fox--339
270. To the same, Dec. 11.-Excellence of letter-writing.
India-bill. Air-balloons. Mrs. Siddons. Lord Thurlow. Flood and
Courtenay--341
1784
.
271. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, May 5.-Congratulations on the
General's retirement from place and Parliament. Mr. Fox's
election--342
272. To Miss Hannah More, May 6.-Thanks for her poem, the "Bas
Bleu"--[N.] 344
273. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, May 21.-Epitaph-writing. Lord
Melcombe's Diary. Cox's Travels--345
274. To the Countess of Ailesbury, June 8.-Voltaire's Memoirs.
Lord Melcombe's Diary. Severity of the weather--346
275. To the Hon. H. S. Conway', June 25.-Benefits of retirement
from public life. Local grievances. Highway robberies. The good
things of life--347
276. To the same, June 30.-Inclemency of the season. Death of
Lady Harrington. Lunardi's balloon--348
277. To the Earl of Strafford, Aug. 6.-Earthquakes. The Deluge.
Uncertainty of human reasoning--349
278. To Mr. Dodsley, Aug. 8.-Declining Mr. Pinkerton's offer of
a dedication to him of his Essay on Medals--[N.] 350
279. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Aug. 14.-Frequency of robberies
in his neighbourhood. Disturbed state of Ireland--350
280. To John Pinkerton, Esq. Aug. 24.-Thanks for the perusal of
his poems, and invitation to Strawberry Hill--[N.] 351
281. To the Earl of Strafford, Sept. 7.-Congratulations on the
return of fine weather. Air-balloons and highwaymen. Sir
William Hamilton. Mrs. Walsingham. Mrs. Damer's "sleeping
dogs"--351
282. To John Pinkerton, Esq. Sept. 27.-Criticisms on his
comedy--N.] 353
283. To the same, Oct. 6.-Further criticisms on his comedy.
Remarks on English poetry, on poetry in general, and on the
drama--N.] 354
284. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Oct. 15.-Speculations on the
perfection of air-balloons--356
285. To John Pinkerton, Esq. Oct. 28.-His own publications and
literary career. Remarks on Mr. Pinkerton's projected History
of the Reign of George the Second--[N.] 358
286. To Miss Hannah More, Nov. 13.-On the poems and conduct of
Ann Yearsley, the Bristol tnilkwoman. Danger of encouraging her
poetical propensity. Fate of Stephen Duck--360
287. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Nov. 28.-Continental politics.
Poetical epistle to Lady Lyttelton--362
1785.
288. To Miss Hannah More, April 5.-In answer to an anonymous
letter from Miss More, ridiculing the prevailing adoption of
French idioms into the English language--363
289. To John Pinkerton, Esq. June 22.-Strictures on "Heron's
Letters of Literature." Mr. Pinkerton's proposed amendment of
the English language. Lady Mary Wortley Montague. Mr. Hume and
Mr. Gray--[N.] 365
290. To the same, June 26,-Further criticisms on Heron's
"Letters." Definition and exemplification of grace. Remarks on
Waller, Milton, Cowley, Boileau, Pope, and Madame de S`evign`e-
-[N.] 367
291. To the same, July 27.-Declining to print Greek authors at
the Strawberry Hill press--[N.] 371
292. To the same, Aug. 18.-Declines to print an edition of the
Life of St. Ninian--[N.] 372
293. To the same, Sept. 17.-Advising him not to reply to the
critiques of anonymous adversaries--[N.] 372
294. To George Colman, Esq. Sept. 19.-On sending him a copy of
the Duc de Nivernois' translation of his "Essay on Modern
Gardening"--[N.] 374
295. To the Earl of Buchan, Sept. 23.-Literary stores in the
Vatican, and in the Scottish College at Paris. Mr. Herschell's
discoveries--[N.] 374
296. To John Pinkerton, Esq. Sept. 30.-Advice on his intended
publication of Lives of the Scottish Saints. His opinion of
Bishop Headley. Reflections on his own life--[N.] 376
297. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Oct. 6.-Jarvis's window at New
College. Blenheim. Beau Desert. Stowe. "The Charming Man."
Boswell's "Tour to the Hebrides"--377
298. To the Earl of Charlemont, Nov. 23.-Order of St. Patrick--
(N.] 379
299. To Lady Browne, Dec. 14.-Last illness and death of Kitty
Clive. Lord John Russell's marriage--[N.] 379
1786.
300. To Miss Hannah More, Feb. 9.-On her poem of "Floria,"
dedicated to him--380
301. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, June 18.-Account of his visit to
the Princess Amelia at Gunnersbury. Stanzas addressed to the
Princess. Her answer. Purchase of the Jupiter Serapis and Julio
Clovio--381
302. To Richard Gough, Esq. June 21.-Thanks for the present of
his "Sepulchral Monuments." The Duc de Nivernois' translation
of his "Essay on Gardening"--383
303. To the Earl of Strafford, Aug. 29.-The new bridge at
Henley. Mrs. Damer's colossal masks. Visit from Count Oginski.
Out-pensioners of Bedlam. Lord George Gordon. Archbishop
Chicheley and Henry the Fifth--384
304. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Oct. 29.-Two Charades by Colonel
Fitzpatrick. Precocity of Robert Stewart, afterwards Marquis of
Londonderry--386
305. To the Right Hon. Lady Craven, Nov. 27.-Apologies for not
having written, and thanks for a drawing of the Castle of
Otranto--387
1787.
306. To Miss Hannah More, Jan. 1.-With a present of "Christine
de Pise." Her "Cit`e des Dames." Mrs. Yearsley--388
307. To the Right Hon. Lady Craven, Jan. 2.-On her ladyship's
travels. Sir John Mandeville. Lady Mary Wortley. Peter the
Hermit--389
308. To Miss Hannah More, Feb. 23.-Christina's 11 Life of
Charles the Fifth"--390
309. To the Rev. Henry Zouch, March 13.-Proposing to return the
letters he had received from him--[N.) 391
310. To Miss Hannah More, June 15.-The Irish character. Miss
Burney--(N.] 391
311. To the Hon, H. S. Conway, June 17.-Expected visit from the
Princess Lubomirski. "The Way to keep Him"--393
312. To the Earl of Strafford, July 28.-St. Swithin. The Duke
of Queensberry's dinner to the Princess de Lamballe. Mrs.
French's marble pavement. Lord Dudley's obelisk. Miss Boyle's
carvings--394
313. To Miss Hannah More, Oct. 14.-Ingratitude of Anne Yearsley
to her. Mrs. Vesey. Dr. Johnson's Letters. Bruce's Travels.
Gibbon's History. Figaro--395
314. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Nov. 11.-On the small Druidical
temple presented by the States of Jersey to the General.
Stonehenge--397
1788.
315. To Thomas Barrett, Esq. June 5.-Gibbon's "Decline and
Fall." Sheridan's speech against Mr. Hastings--398
316. To the Earl of Strafford, June 17.-General Conway's comedy
of "False Appearances." Sheridan's speech against Mr. Hastings-
-399
317. To Miss Hannah More, July 4. Newspaper reading. General
Conway's play--401
318. To the same, July 12.-On his own writings. Authorship
after seventy. Voltaire at eighty-four. Fate of his last
tragedy. Mrs. Piozzi. Pipings of Miss Seward and Mr. Hayley--
402
319. To the Earl of Strafford, Aug. 2.-On a reported discovery
of new letters of Madame de S`evign`e. Letters of the Duchess
of Orleans. Druidical temple from Jersey--404
320. To John Pinkerton, Esq. Aug. 14.-Criticism on his Ode for
the Scottish Revolution Club--[N.) 405
321. To Miss Hannah More, Aug. 17.-Rumoured discovery of new
letters of Madame de S`evign`e. Library of Greek and Latin
authors at Naples--[N.] 406
322. To the Earl of Strafford, Sept. 12.-Account of the
Druidical temple at Park- place. The Duchess of Kingston's
will--407
323. To Miss Hannah More, Sept. 22.-Ingratitude of Mrs.
Yearsley. Education of the Great. Walpolia'na. Virtuous
intentions. Enthusiasts and quack- doctors--408
324. To the Right Hon. Lady Craven, Dec. 11.-Wisdom of retiring
from the world in time. Voltaire. Lord Chatham. Mr. Anstey.
King of Prussia's Memoirs. Poverty of the French language, as
far as regards verse and pieces of eloquence--[N.] 411
1789.
(325. To the Miss Berrys. Feb. 2.-Acceptance of an invitation.
Expressions of delight on being in their society--[N.] 413
326. To the same, March 20.-Madame de la Motte's M`emoire
Justificatif. General illumination for the King's recovery.
Hairs of Edward the Fourth's head--[N.] 413
327. To Miss Hannah More, April 22.-Darwin's Botanic Garden.
Loves of the Plants. Success of General Conway's comedy--[N.]
414
328. To the Miss Berrys, April 28.-Darwin's Botanic Garden. His
poetry characterized--[N.]415
329. To the same, June 23.-Destruction of the Opera-house by
fire. The nation tired of Operas. "The room after." Mr. Batt
and the Abb`e Nicholls--[N.] 416
330. To Miss Hannah More, June 23.-On her poem of Bishop
Bonner's Ghost. Offers to print it at Strawberry Hill. Bruce's
Travels--[N.] 418
331. To Miss Berry, June 30.-Arabian Nights. Bishop Atterbury.
Sinbad the Sailor versus AEneas. Mrs. Piozzi's Travels. King's
College Chapel. Effects of criticism and comparison. Pageantry
of popery--[N.] 419
332. To Miss Hannah More, July 2.-Thanks for permission to
print "Bishop Bonner's Ghost." Account of his fall. Gratitude
to Providence for his lot--421
333. To Miss Berry, July 9.-Recovery from his fall. Present
state of France. Tumults at Versailles on the reported
resignation of Necker. Marshal Broglio appointed
commander-in-chief Camp round Paris. Mutinous disposition of
the army. Voltaire's correspondence. His letters to La
Chalotais--422
334. To Miss Hannah More, July 10.-"Bishop Bonner's Ghost"--425
335. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, July 15.-Dismissal of Necker.
Paris in an uproar. Storming and destruction of the Bastille.
Speculation on the probable results. The Duke of Orleans and
Mirabeau--425
336. To Miss Hannah More, July 20.-Result of her "double
treachery." A visit from Bishop Porteiis. The visit returned--
427
337. To Miss Berry, July 29.-Anarchy in Paris. Account of La
Chalotais. Treachery of Calonne. Character of the Duc de
Vrilli`ere. St. Swithin's day. Predicts the fall of Necker--
(N.] 428
338. To John Pinkerton, Esq. July 31.-Remarks on his Inquiry
into the early History of Scotland"--(N.] 431
339. To Miss Hannah More, Aug. 8.-On sending her copies of
"Bonner's Ghost."
Complains of letters--[N.] 432
340. To John Pinkerton, Esq., Aug. 14.-Confesses his want of
taste for the ancient
histories of nations. Remarks on the different modes of
treating antiquities--[N.] 433
341. To the same, Aug. 19.-Compliments him on his strong and
manly understanding. Account of his own studies--[N.] 434
342. To Richard Gough, Esq. Aug. 24.-Strictures on the injuries
done to Salisbury cathedral by the recent alterations--435
343. To the Miss Berrys, Aug. 27.-Illness of the Countess of
Dysart. Richmond and Hampton Court gossip--(N.) 436
344. To the same. Sept. 4.-On their declining a visit to
Wentworth House. The Duke of Clarence at Richmond. Miss
Farren's Beatrice. Account of Lady Luxborough. Wentworth Castle
described. Violences in France. Destruction of chateaus in
Burgundy. Assemblage of deserters round Paris. Patience of Lady
Dysart under her suffering. Mademoiselle d'Eon in petticoats--
[N.] 437
345. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Sept. 5.-Thanks to him for a
poem. Death of Lady Dysart. Terrible situation of Paris.
Predicts that the kingdom will become a theatre of civil wars--
440
346. To Miss Hannah More, Sept. 7.-Congratulation on the
demolition of the functions of the Bastille. The `Etats a mob
of kings. Time the composer of a good constitution. Negro
slavery. Suggests the possibility of relieving slaves by
machine work. Utility of starting new game to invention.
Barrett's History of Bristol. The Biographia Britannica and
Chatterton--441
347. To the same, Nov. 4.-Death of Lady Dysart and Lord
Waldegrave. Mrs. Yearsley's Earl Goodwin. Death of Mr. Barrett.
Succedaneum for negro labour. Suggests the propriety of Mr.
Wilberforce's starting the abolition of slavery to the `Etats.
Character of the `Etats--444
1790.
348. To Miss Hannah More, Feb. 20.-With his contribution to a
charitable subscription--446
349. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, June 25.-Charles Fox and the
Westminster gridiron. Puerile pedantry of the French `Etats.
Destruction of the statues of Louis Quatorze. Bruce's Travels--
[N.) 447
350. To the Earl of Strafford, June 26.-Reflections on the
state of France. Consciences of tyrants. Luther and Calvin.
Fate of projectors--448
351. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, July 1.-Bruce's Travels. French
barbarity and folly. Grand Federation in the Champ de Mars.
Rationality of the Americans. Franklin and Washington. A great
man wanted in France. Return of Necker. His insignificance--
[N.] 448
352. To Miss Berry, July 3,-His alarm at their design of
visiting Italy. Atrocities of the French `Etats. Good-humoured
speech of Marie Antoinette. Winchester Cathedral. Netley Abbey.
Visit from the Duchess of Marlborough--[N.] 450
353. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Aug. 9.-Peace of Spain. Miss
Gunning's reported match with Lord Blandford--452
354. To the Earl of Strafford, Aug. 12.-Lord Barrymore's
exhibitions at the Richmond theatre. Reflections on the
progress of the French Revolution--452
355. To Sir David Dalrymple, Sept. 21.-Pictures at Burleigh.
Shakspeare Gallery. Macklin's Gallery--454
356. To the Miss Berrys, Oct. 10.-On their departure for Italy.
Regrets at the loss of their society--[N.] 455
357. To the same, Oct. 31.-Burke's "Reflections." Calonne's
"Etat de la France"--[N.] 457
358. To the same, Nov. 8.-Pacification with Spain and Brabant.
Earl Stanhope and the Revolution Club. Mr. Burke's "Reflections
on the French Revolution" characterized. Visit from the Prince
of Furstemberg--[N.] 458
359. To Miss Berry, Nov. 11.-Mr,,;. Damer's departure for
Lisbon. Effects of Burke's pamphlet on Dr. Price. Mr. Merry's
"Laurel of Liberty." The Della Crusca school of poetry
described--[N.] 460
360. To the Miss Berrys, Nov. 18.-Character of the Bishop of
Arras. Dr. Price's talons drawn by Mr. Burke. Revolution Club
exploded--[N.) 461
361. To the same, Nov. 27.-Anxiety for a letter from Florence--
[N.] 463
362. To Miss Agnes Berry, Nov. 29.-Thanks for her letter.
Correggio. Guercino, a German edition of Guido. Lord Stanhope's
speech against Calonne's book. Dr. Price's answer to Burke.
Reasons for creating Mr. Grenville a peer. Richmond arrivals.
Duke of Clarence. Mrs. Fitzherbert. Duke of Queensbury. Madame
Griffoni. Works of Massaccio. Fra Bartolomeo. Benvenuto
Cellini's Perseus--464
363. To the Miss Berrys, Dec. 20.-Character of Mr. Burke's
"Reflections." Mrs. Macaulay's reply to it--[N.] 465
1791.
364. To Miss Berry, Jan. 22.-Recovery from a severe illness.
Death of Mrs. French. Illness of George Selwyn--[N.] 466
365. To the Miss Berrys, Jan. 29.-Effects of his late illness.
Picture of himself. Death and character of George Selwyn.
Mademoiselle Pagniani. Story of Miss Vernon and Martindale. The
Gunninghiad. Visit from Mr. Batt. Overthrow of the French
monarchy. The Duchess of Gordon and Mr. Dundas--[N.] 468
366. To Miss Berry, Feb. 4.-Regrets at their absence, and
anxiety for their return. Destructive tempest. The rival
Opera-houses. Taylor's pamphlet against the Lord Chamberlain--
(N.) 470
367. To the same, Feb. 12. -Hi@ anxiety for their return, but
resolution not to derange their plans of economy. Comte de
Coigny. Instability of the present government of France. Horne
Tooke's libel in the House of Commons. Christening of Miss
Boycot--(N.] 472
368. To Miss Agnes Berry, Feb. 13.-Narrative of the history of
a marriage supposed to have been likely to take place between
Miss Gunning and the Marquis of Blandford--[N.] 474
369. To the Earl of Charlemont, Feb. 17.-On a surreptitious
edition of The Mysterious Mother, published at Dublin--[N.] 476
370. To Miss Agnes Berry, Feb. 18.-Codicil to Gunning's story.
Opening of the Pantheon. Dieu et mon Droit versus Ich Dien--
(N.] 477
371. To the Miss Berrys, Feb. 26.-More of the Gunnings: Arrival
of Madame du Barry to recover her jewels. The King of France's
aunt stopped from leaving France. Majesty of the mob. The
Monster. Gibbon's account Of Necker in retirement; and opinions
of Burke's Reflections. Madame du Barry and the Lord Mayor.
Recovery of her jewels. Jerningham's poetry--(N.) 479
372. To the same, March 5.-London unknown to Londoners. "Who is
Sir Robert Walpole?" Destruction of the Albion Mills. Automaton
snuff-box [N.] 481
373. To Miss Berry, March 19.-Mrs. Gunning's letter to the Duke
of Argyle--[N.] 484
374. To the Miss Berrys, March 28.-King's message on the
situation of Europe. Blusterings of the Autocratrix. Bounces
and huffs of Prussia. Royal reconciliation. Taylor and the Lord
Chamberlain. Prosecution of the Gunnings. Gunnilda's letter to
Lord Blandford--(N.) 486
375. To Miss Berry, April 3.-On her fall down a bank at Pisa.
Kemble and Mrs. Siddons. Mrs. Damer's reception at Elvas. Death
of Dr. Price. Outrageous violence of the National Assembly.
Paine's answer to Burke--[N.] 488
376. To the same, April 15.-Lady Diana Beauclerc's designs for
Dryden's Fables. War with Russia. Madame du Barry dining with
the Prince of Wales. Increased population of London. Story of
the young woman at St. Helena. A party at Mrs. Buller's
described--[N.) 490
377. To Miss Berry, April 23.-Resignation of the Duke of Leeds.
Progress of the repairs at Clivedon. The abolition of the
slave-trade rejected. Captain Bowen's pamphlet against
Gunnilda. Hannah More and the Gretna Green runaway. Lord
Cholmondeley's marriage. Indian victory--(N.] 492
378. To the same, May 12,-Congratulations on her recovery.
Earnest wish to put them in possession of Clivedon during his
life. Unhappy quarrel between Mr. Burke and Mr. Fox. Mrs.
Damer's arrival from Spain--[N.] 495
379. To the same, May 19.-Thanks for her punctuality in
writing. Advantages of resources in one's self. Internal armour
more necessary to females than weapons to men. Duchesse de
Brissac. Duc de Nivernois. Hastings's impeachment. The Countess
of Albany in London. Her presentation at court. Her visit to
the Pantheon--[N.] 497
380. To the same, May 26.-The Duchess of Gordon's journal of a
day. Arrival of Sir William Hamilton with the Nymph of the
Attitudes. Strictures on Boswell's Life of Dr. Johnson.
Johnson's abuse of Gray. Burke's "Letter to a member of the
National Assembly." His character of Rousseau. Lodge's
"Illustrations of British History" panegyricised. Lord Mount-
Edgcumbe's bon-mot on M. d'Eon--[N.] 500
381. To the Miss Berrys, June 2--"This is the note that nobody
wrote." Interview with, and description of, Madame d'Albany--
[N.] 504
382. To the same, June 8.-Frequency of highway robberies. The
birthday. Madame d'Albany. Mrs. Fitzherbert. Mrs. Cosway. Lally
de Tollendal's tragedy. French politics. Rage for building in
London. Visit to Dulwich College--[N.] 505
383. To the same, June 14. Mrs. Hobart's rural breakfast. Dr
Beattie. Malone's Shakspeare--[N.] 508
384. To Miss Berry-, June 23.-Madame du Barry at Mrs. Hobart's
breakfast. Dr. Robertson's "Disquisition." French anarchy.
Madame d'Albany at the House of Lords--[N.] 510
385. To the same, July 12.-Calonne in London. Attack of the
rheumatism--[N 512
386. To the Miss Berrys, July 26.-Tom Paine in England, Crown
and Anchor celebration of the French Revolution. Birmingham
riots. Flight of the King of France to, and return from,
Varennes. Marriage of the Duke of York. Catherine of Russia.
Bust of Mr. Fox--[N.] 512
387. To Miss Berry, Aug. 17.-Spirit of democracy in
Switzerland. Peace with Russia. M. de Bouill`e's bravado. Sir
William Hamilton's pantomime wife. Antique statues--[N.) 514
388. To the Miss Berrys, Aug. 23.-Miss Harte and her attitudes.
Conversation with Madame du Barry. Account of a boat-race. The
soi-disante Margravine in England--[N.] 516
389. To the same, Sept. 11.-Lord Blandford's marriage. Sir W.
Hamilton married to his Gallery of Statues. Successes in India-
-[N.] 517
390. To the same, Sept. 18.-Mrs. Jordan. Miss Brunton's
marriage. Lord Buchan's jubilee for Thomson. Character of the
"Seasons." Danger of returning to England through France--[N.]
519
391. To the same, Sept. 25.-Valombroso. Ionian antiquities.
Egyptian pyramids. Mr. Gilpin and Richmond Hill--[N.) 520
392. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Sept: 21.-The French emigrants
at Richmond. Progress of the French Revolution. The Legislative
Assembly. The King's forced acceptance of the new constitution.
Predicts the flight of La Fayette and the Lameths. Condorcet
turned placeman. Character of Mirabeau--(N.] 522
393. To Miss Hannah More, Sept. 29.-State of his health. The
Bishop of London's charity sermon. Miss Berrys. Anxiety for
their safe return from Italy. Miss Burney. Mrs. Barbauld's
Verses on the Abolition of the Slave-trade--[N.) 523
394. To Miss Berry, Oct. 9.-Anxiety for their safe return.
Account of a visit to Windsor Castle. St. George's chapel. The
new screen. Jarvis's window. West's paintings. Story of Peg
Nicholson. Thanks for their disinterested generosity in
returning to England. The Bolognese school. General Gunning and
the tailor's wife--[N.] 526
395. To John Pinkerton, Esq. Dec. 26.-His feelings and
situation on his accession to the title of Earl of Orford--[N.]
--528
1792.
396. To Miss Hannah More, Jan. 1.-Increase of trouble and
business occasioned by his accession to the title--529
397. To Thomas Barrett, Esq., May 14.-Darwin's Triumph of
Flora"--530
398. To Miss Hannah More, Aug. 21.-The Massacre of Paris.
Butcheries at the Tuilleries. Tortures of the King and Queen.
Heroic conduct of Madame Elizabeth. Thankfulness for the
tranquillity of England. Mrs. Wolstoncroft's "Rights of Women."
Gratitude for past comforts, and submission to his future lot--
[N.] 531
399. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Aug. 31.-Detail of French
Atrocities. Anecdotes of the Duchess of York. State of his
health--533
1793.
400. To Miss Hannah More, Feb. 9.-French horrors. Beheading Of
Louis the Sixteenth. Assignats. Diabolical conduct of the Duke
Of Orleans. heroism of Madame Elizabeth. Sublime sentence of
Father Edgeworth. Speculations on the future--535
401. To the same, March 23.-On her -' Village Politics." French
atheism. Massacre of Manuel. Condorcet's new constitution--538
402. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, June 13.-On parties and
party-men. Injury done to the cause of liberty by the French
republicans--540
403. To the same, July 17.-Sultriness of the season. English
felicity, French atrocities. Separation of Maria Antoinette
from her son--541
404. To the Miss Berrys, Sept. 17.-Reminds them of his first
introduction to them--[N.] 542
405. To the same, Sept. 25.-Visit of the Duchess of York to
Strawberry Hill--[N.] 543
406. To the same, Oct. 6.-Inertness of the grand alliance
against France--[N.] 544
407. To Miss Hannah More, Oct.-On the answer to her pamphlet
against M. Dupont. Atrocities of the French atheists--[N.] 546
408. To the Miss Berrys, Oct. 15.-Arrest of the Duchesse de
Biron, and of the Duchesse de Fleury. Execution of Marie
Antoinette. The Duchesse de la Vali`ere--[N.] 547
409. To the same, Nov. 7.-Murder of Maria Antoinette. Loss of
Lord Montagu and Mr. Burdett in the falls of Schaflhausen.
Suicide of Mr. Tickell. "Death an endless sleep." Mr. Lysons'
Roman Remains. Account of his Own readings--[N.] 549
410. To Miss Berry, Dec. 4.-Visit to Haymarket Theatre. Young
Bannister in "The Children of the Wood." The Comte de Coigni.
Fate of the Duc de Fleury--[N.] 552
411. To the same, Dec. 13.-Reported successs of Lord Howe, and
the Duke of Brunswick. Quarrel between Robespierre and
Barr`ere. Fate of Barrave, Orleans, and Brissot. Mr.
Jerningham's play. Character of Mrs. Howe--(N.] 553
1794.
412. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, Jan. 16.-On the gloomy prospect
of affairs. Jasper Wilson's Letter to Mr. Pitt--555
413. To Miss Berry, April 16.-Successes in Martinico. Mrs.
Piozzi's "British Synomymes." Mr. Courtenay's verses on him--
[N.] 556
414. To Miss Hannah More, April 27.-An invitation to meet Lady
Waldegrave--556
415. To the Miss Berrys, Sept. 27.-Visit to Mrs. Damer's new
house. Her bust of Mrs. Siddons. Canterbury. A Ghost story.
Lord Holland's buildings at Kingsgate. Recommends them to
visit Mr. Barrett at Lee--(N.) 558
416. To Miss Berry, Oct. 7.-On the advisability of her
accepting a situation at court--(N.] 561
417. To the Miss Berrys, Oct. 17.-On their visit to Mr. Barrett
at Lee--(N.] 563
418. To the Rev. Mr. Beloe, Dec. 2.-On his intending to
dedicate his translation of aulus Gellius to Lord Orford--
564
1795.
419. To Miss Hannah More, Jan. 24.-With his subscription to the
fund for promoting the dispersion of the Cheap Repository
Tracts. Death of Condorcet, Orleans, etC. Justice of
Providence--565
420. To the same, Feb. 13.-On receiving some ballads written by
her for the Cheap Repository. Bisliol) Wilson's edition of
the Bible presented to her by Lord Orford--566
421. To William Roscoe, Esq. April 4.-On his sending him a copy
of his Life of Lorenzo de Medici--567
422. To the Hon. H. S. Conway, July 2.-The Queen's expected
visit to Strawberry Hill--569
423. To the same, July 7.-Account of the Queen's visit to
Strawberry Hill--569
1796.
424. To Miss Berry, Aug. 18.-Mr. and Mrs. Conway. Madame
Arblay's "Camilla." Arundel Castle. Monuments of the
Fitzalans. Account of a visit from Mr. Penticross--[N.] 570
425. To the same, Auff. 24.-Arundel Castle. Chapel of the
Fitzalans--[N.) 572
426. To Miss Hannah More, Aug. 29.-Giving an account of his
health; and expressing gratitude to God for the blessings he
enjoys--573
427. To Richard Gough, Eq. Dec. 3.-Thanking him for
the second volume of his "Sepulchral Monuments"--574
(428. To Miss Berry, Dec. 15.-Account Of the debates in the
House of Commons on the Loan to the Emperor. Death of Lord
Orford--[N.] 575
1797
429. To the Countess of Ossory, Jan. 13--576
End of Volume IV.
Letter 1 To Sir David Dalrymple.(1)
Arlington Street, Jan. 1, 1770. (page 25)
Sir,
I have read with great pleasure and information, your History
of Scottish Councils. It gave me much more satisfaction than I
could have expected from so dry a subject. It will be perused,
do not doubt it, by men of taste and judgment; and it is happy
that it will be read Without occasioning a controversy. The
curse of modern times is, that almost every thing does create
controversy, and that men who are willing to instruct or amuse
the world have to dread malevolence and interested censure,
instead of receiving thanks. If your part of our country is at
all free from that odious spirit, you are to be envied. In our
region we are given up to every venomous mischievous passion,
and as we behold all the public vices that raged in and
destroyed the remains of the Roman Commonwealth, so I wish we
do not experience some of the horrors that brought on the same
revolution. When we see men who call themselves patriots and
friends of liberty attacking the House of Commons, to what,
Sir, can you and I, who are really friends of liberty, impute
such pursuits, but to interest and disappointed ambition! When
we see, on one hand, the prerogative of the Crown excited
against Parliament, and on the other, the King and Royal Family
traduced and insulted in the most shameless manner, can we
believe such a faction is animated by honesty or love of the
constitution? When, as you very sensibly observe, the authors
of grievances are the loudest to complain of them, and when
those authors and their capital enemies shake hands, embrace,
and join in a common cause, which set can we believe most or
least sincere? And when every set of men have acted every
part, to whom shall the well-meaning look up? What can the
latter do, but sit with folded arms and pray for miracles?
Yes, Sir, they may weep over a prospect of ruin too probably
approaching, and regret a glorious country nodding to its fall,
when victory, wealth, and daily universal improvements, might
make it the admiration and envy of the world? Is the Crown to
be forced to be absolute? Is Caesar to enslave us, because he
conquered Gaul? Is some Cromwell to trample on us, because
Mrs. Macaulay approves the army that turned out the House of
Commons, the necessary consequence of such mad notions? Is
eloquence to talk or write us out of ourselves? or is Catiline
to save us, butt so as by fire? Sir, I talk thus freely,
because it is a satisfaction, in ill-looking moments, to vent
one's apprehensions in an honest bosom. YOU Will not, I am
sure, suffer my letter to go out of your own hands. I have no
views to satisfy or resentments to gratify. I have done with
the world, except in the hopes of a quiet enjoyment of it for
the few years I may have to come; but I love my country, though
I desire and expect nothing from it, and I would wish to leave
it to posterity, as secure and deserving to be valued, as I
found it. Despotism, or unbounded licentiousness, can endear
no nation to any honest man. The French can adore the monarch
that starves them, and banditti are often attached to their
chief; but no good Briton can love any constitution that does
not secure the tranquillity and peace of mind of all.
(1) Now first collected.
Letter 2 To Sir David Dalrymple.(2)
Arlington Street, Jan. 23, 1770. (page 26)
Sir,
I have not had time to return you the enclosed sooner, but I
give you my honour that it has neither been out of my hands,
nor been copied. It is a most curious piece, but though
affecting art has very little; so ill is the satire disguised.
I agree with you in thinking it ought not to be published yet,
as nothing is more cruel than divulging private letters which
may wound the living. I have even the same tenderness for the
children of persons concerned; but I laugh at delicacy for
grandchildren, who can be affected by nothing but their pride-
-and let that be hurt if it will. It always finds means of
consoling itself.
The rapid history of Mr. Yorke is very touching.(3) For
himself, he has escaped a torrent of obloquy, which this
unfeeling and prejudiced moment was ready to pour on him. Many
of his survivors may, perhaps, live to envy him! Madness and
wickedness gain ground--and you may be sure borrow the chariot
of virtue. Lord Chatham, not content with endeavouring to
confound and overturn the legislature, has thrown out, that one
member more ought to be added to each county;(4) so little do
ambition -,And indulgence scruple to strike at fundamentals!
Sir George Savile and Edmund Burke, as if envying the infamous
intoxication of Wilkes, have attacked the House of Commons
itself, in the most gross and vilifying language.(5) In short,
the plot thickens fast, and Catilines start up in every street.
I cannot say Ciceros and Catos arise to face them. The
phlegmatic and pedants in history quote King William's and
Sacheverel's times to show the present is not more serious; but
if I have any reading, I must remember that the repetition of
bad scenes brings about a catastrophe at last! It is small
consolation to living sufferers to reflect that history will
rejudge great criminals; nor is that sure. How seldom is
history fairly stated! When do all men concur in the Same
sentence? Do the guilty dead regard its judicature, or they
who prefer the convict to the judge? Besides, an ape of Sylla
will call himself Brutus, and the foolish people assist a
proscription before they suspect that their hero is an
incendiary. Indeed, Sir, we are, as Milton says--
"On evil days fallen and evil tongues!"
I shall be happy to find I have had too gloomy apprehensions.
A man, neither connected with ministers nor opponents, may
speculate too subtly. If all this is but a scramble for power,
let it fall to whose lot it will! It is the attack on the
constitution that strikes me. I have nothing to say for the
corruption of senators; but if the senate itself is declared
vile by authority, that is by a dissolution, will a re-election
restore its honour? Will Wilkes, and Parson Horne, and Junius
(for they will name the members) give us more virtuous
representations than ministers have done? Reformation must be
a blessed work in the hands of such reformers! Moderation, and
attachment to the constitution, are my principles. Is the
latter to be risked rather than endure any single evil? I
would oppose, that is restrain, by opposition check, each
branch of the legislature that predominates in its turn;--but
if I detest Laud, it does not make me love Hugh Peters.
Adieu, Sir! I must not tire you with my reflections; but as I
am flattered with thinking I have the sanction of the same
sentiments in you, it is natural to indulge even unpleasing
meditations when one meets with sympathy, and it is as natural
for those who love their country to lament its danger. I am,
Sir, etc.
(2) Now first collected.
(3) On the 17th, Mr. Charles Yorke was appointed lord
chancellor, and a patent was ordered to be made out, creating
him a peer, by the title of Lord Morden; but, three days after,
before the patent could be completed, he suddenly closed his
valuable life, at the early age of forty-eight.-E.
(4) Lord Chatham, on the preceding day, had made his celebrated
speech on the state of the nation, which had the good fortune
to be ably reported by Sir Philip Francis, and attracted the
particular attention of Junius. The following is the passage
which gave Walpole so much offence:--"Since we cannot cure the
disorder, let us endeavour to infuse such a portion of new
health into the constitution, as may enable it to support its
most inveterate diseases. The representation of the counties
is, I think, still preserved pure and uncorrupted. That of the
greatest cities is upon a footing equally respectable; and
there are many of the larger trading towns which stilt preserve
their independence. The infusion of health which I now allude
to would be to permit every county to elect one member more in
addition to their present representation." Sir Philip
Francis's report of this speech was first printed by Almon in
1792. Junius, in a letter to Wilkes, of the 7th of September
1771, says--"I approve highly of Lord Chatham's idea of
infusing a portion of new health into the constitution, to
enable it to bear its infirmities; a brilliant expression, and
full of intrinsic wisdom." There can be little doubt that
Junius and Sir Philip Francis were present in the House of
Lords, when this speech was delivered. See Chatham
Correspondence, vol. iii. p. 406.-E.
(5) The speeches of Sir George Savile and Mr. Burke, above
alluded to, will be found in Sir Henry Cavendish's Debates.-E.
Letter 3. To George Montagu, Esq.
Arlington Street, March 31, 1770. (page 28)
I shall be extremely obliged to you for Alderman Backwell. A
scarce print is a real present to me, who have a table of
weights and measures in my head very different from that of the
rich and covetous. I am glad your journey was prosperous. The
weather here has continued very sharp, but it has been making
preparations for April to-day, and watered the streets with
some soft showers. They will send me to Strawberry to-morrow,
where I hope to find the lilacs beginning to put forth their
little noses. Mr. Chute mends very slowly, but you know he has
as much patience as gout.
I depend upon seeing you whenever you return this wayward. You
will find the round chamber far advanced, though not finished;
for my undertakings do not stride with the impetuosity of my
youth. This single room has been half as long in completing as
all the rest of the castle. My compliments to Mr. John, whom I
hope to see at the same time.
Letter 4 To George Montagu, Esq.
Strawberry Hill May 6, 1770. (page 28)
If you are like me, you are fretting at the weather. We have
not a leaf, yet, large enough to make an apron for a Miss Eve
at two years old. Flowers and fruits, if they come at all this
year, must meet together as they do in a Dutch picture; our
lords and ladies, however, couple as if it were the real
Giovent`u dell' anno. Lord Albemarle,(6) you know has
disappointed all his brothers and my niece; and Lord
Fitzwilliam is declared sposo to Lady Charlotte Ponsonby.(7)
It is a pretty match, and makes Lord Besborough as happy as
possible.
Masquerades proceed in spite of church and King. The Bishop of
London persuaded that good soul the Archbishop to remonstrate
against them; but happily the age prefers silly follies to
serious ones, and dominos, comme de raison, carry It against
lawn sleeves.(8)
There is a new Institution that begins to and if it proceeds,
will make a considerable noise. It is a club of both sexes to
be erected at Almack's, on the model of that of the men at
White's. Mrs. Fitzroy, Lady Pembroke, Mrs. Meynel, Lady
Molyneux, MISS Pelham, and Miss Loyd, are the foundresses. I
am ashamed to say I am of so young and fashionable a society;
but as they are people I live with, I choose to be idle rather
than morose. I can go to a young supper, without forgetting
how much sand is run out of the hourglass. Yet I shall never
pass a triste old age in turning the psalms into Latin or
English verse. My plan is to pass away calmly; cheerfully if I
can; sometimes to amuse myself with the rising generation, but
to take care not to fatigue them, nor weary them with old
stories, which will not interest them, as their adventures do
not interest me. Age would indulge prejudices if it did not
sometimes polish itself against younger acquaintance; but it
must be the work of folly if one hopes to contract friendship
with them, or desires it, or thinks one can become the same
follies, or expects that they should do more than bear one for
one's good humour. In short, they are a pleasant medicine,
that one should take care not to grow fond of. Medicines hurt
when habit has annihilated their force; but you see I am in no
danger. I intend by degrees to decrease my opium, instead of
augmenting the dose. Good-night! You see I never let our
long-lived friendship drop, though you give it so few
opportunities of breathing.
(6) George, third Earl of Albemarle. His lordship had married,
on the 20th of April, Anne, youngest daughter of Sir John
Miller, Bart. of Chichester. He died in October 1772.-E.
(7) Lady Charlotte Ponsonby, second daughter of William, second
Earl of Besborough. The marriage took place on the 1st of
July.-E.
(8) Dr. Johnson, having read in the newspapers an account of a
masquerade given at Edinburgh, by the Countess Dowager of Fife,
at which Boswell had appeared in the character of a dumb
conjuror, thus wrote to him:--"I have heard of your masquerade.
What says your synod to such innovations? I am not studiously
scrupulous, nor do I think a Masquerade either evil in itself
or very likely to be the occasion of evil, yet, as the world
thinks it a very licentious relaxation of manners, I would not
have been one of the first masquers in a country where no
masquerades had ever been before."-E.
Letter 5 To George Montagu, Esq.
Strawberry Hill, June 11, 1770. (page 29)
My company and I have wished for you very much to-day. The
Duchess of Portland, Mrs. Delany, Mr. Bateman, and your cousin,
Fred. Montagu, dined here. Lord Guildford was very obliging,
and would have come if he dared have ventured. Mrs. Montagu
was at Bill-hill with Lady Gower. The day was tolerable, with
sun enough for the house, though not for the garden. You, I
suppose, will never come again, as I have not a team of horses
large enough to draw you out of the clay of Oxfordshire.
I went yesterday to see my niece(9) in her new principality of
Ham. It delighted me and made me peevish. Close to the
Thames, in the centre of all rich and verdant beauty, it is so
blocked up and barricaded with walls, vast trees, and gates,
that you think yourself an hundred miles off and an hundred
years back. The old furniture is so magnificently ancient,
dreary and decayed, that at every step one's spirits sink, and
all my passion for antiquity could not keep them up. Every
minute I expected to see ghosts sweeping by; ghosts I would not
give sixpence to See, Lauderdales, Tollcmaches, and Maitlands.
There is one old brown gallery full of Vandycks and Lelys,
charming miniatures, delightful Wouvermans, and Polenburghs,
china, japan, bronzes, ivory cabinets, and silver dogs, pokers,
bellows, etc. without end. One pair of bellows is of filigree.
In this state of pomp and tatters my nephew intends it shall
remain, and is so religious an observer of the venerable rites
of his house, that because the gates never were opened by his
father but once for the late Lord Granville, you are locked out
and locked in, and after journeying all round the house, as you
do round an old French fortified town, you are at last admitted
through the stable-yard to creep along a dark passage by the
housekeeper's room, and so by a back-door into the great hall.
He seems as much afraid of water as a cat; for though you might
enjoy the Thames from every window of three sides of the house,
you may tumble into it before you guess it is there. In short,
our ancestors had so little idea of taste and beauty, that I
should not have been surprised if they had hung their pictures
with the painted sides to the wall. Think of such a palace
commanding all the reach of Richmond and Twickenham, with a
domain from the foot of Richmond-hill to Kingston-bridge, and
then imagine its being as dismal and prospectless as if it
stood "on Stanmore's wintry wild!" I don't see why a man should
not be divorced from his prospect as well as from his wife, for
not being able to enjoy it. Lady Dysart frets, but it is not
the etiquette of the family to yield, and @ she must content
herself with her chateau of Tondertentronk as well as she can.
She has another such ample prison in Suffolk, and may be glad
to reside where she is. Strawberry, with all its painted glass
and gloom, looked as gay when I came home as Mrs. Cornelis's
ball-room.
I am very busy about the last volume of my Painters, but have
lost my index, and am forced again to turn over all my Vertues,
forty volumes of miniature MSS.; so that this will be the third
time I shall have made an index to them. Don't say that I am
not persevering, and yet I thought I was grown idle. What
pains one takes to be forgotten! Good-night!
(9) Charlotte, daughter of Sir Edward Walpole, married to Lord
Huntingtower, who had just succeeded to the title of the Earl
of Dysart, on the death of his father.-E.
Letter 6 To George Montagu, Esq.
Strawberry Hill, June 29, 1770. (page 30)
Since the sharp mountain will not come to the little hill, the
little hill must go to the mountain. In short, what do you
think of seeing me walk into your parlour a few hours after
this epistle! I had not time to notify myself sooner. The
case is, Princess Amelia has insisted on my going with her to,
that is, meeting her at Stowe on Monday, for a week. She
mentioned it to me some time ago, and I thought I had parried
it; but having been with her at Park-place these two or three
days, she has commanded it so positively that I could not
refuse. Now, as it would be extremely inconvenient to my
indolence to be dressed up in weepers and hatbands by six
o'clock in the morning, and lest I should be taken for chief
mourner going to Beckford's funeral,(10) I trust you will be
charitable enough to give me a bed at Adderbury for one night,
whence I can arrive at Stowe in a decent time, and caparisoned
as I ought to be, when I have lost a brother-in-law(11) and am
to meet a Princess. Don't take me for a Lauson, and think all
this favour portends a second marriage between our family and
the blood-royal; nor that my visit to Stowe implies my
espousing Miss Wilkes. I think I shall die as I am, neither
higher nor lower; and above all things, no more politics. Yet
I shall have many a private smile to myself, as I wander among
all those consecrated and desecrated buildings, and think what
company I am in, and of all that is past; but I must shorten my
letter, or you will not have finished it when I arrive. Adieu!
Yours, a-coming! a-coming!
(10) William Beckford, Esq. Lord Mayor of London, who died on
the 21st of June, during his second mayoralty, in the
sixty-fifth year of his age. On the 5th of the following
month, at a meeting of the Common Council, "a motion being made
and question put, that the statue of the Right Hon. William
Beckford, late Lord Mayor, deceased, be erected in the
Guildhall of this city, with the inscription of his late
address to his Majesty, the was resolved in the affirmative."
The speech here alluded to is the one which the Alderman
addressed to his Majesty on the 23d of May, with reference to
the King's reply--"That he should have been wanting to the
public, as well as to himself, if he had not expressed his
dissatisfaction at the late address." At the end of the
Alderman's speech, in his copy of the City Addresses, Mr. Isaac
Reed has inserted the following note:--"It is a curious fact,
but a true one, that Beckford did not utter one syllable of
this speech. It was penned by Horne Tooke, and by his art put
on the records of the city and on Beckford's statue; as he told
me, Mr. Braithwaite, Mr. Sayers, etc. at the Athenian club.
Isaac Reed." There can be little doubt that the worthy
commentator and his friends were imposed upon. In the Chatham
Correspondence, vol. iii. p. 460, a letter from Sheriff
Townsend to the Earl expressly states, that with the exception
of the words "and necessary" being left out before the word
"revolution," the Lord Mayor's speech in the Public Advertiser
of the preceding day is verbatim the one delivered to the
King.--E.
(11) George third Earl of Cholmondeley. He married, in 1723,
Mary the youngest daughter of @Sir Robert Walpole.-E.
Letter 7 To George Montagu, Esq.
Adderbury, Sunday night, July 1, 1770. (page 32
You will be enough surprised to receive a letter from me dated
from your own house, and may judge of my mortification at not
finding you here; exactly as it happened two years ago. In
short, here I am, and will tell you how I came here; in truth,
not a little against my will. I have been at Park-place with
Princess Amelia, and she insisted on my meeting her at Stowe
to-morrow. She had mentioned it before, and as I have no
delight in a royal progress, and as little in the Seigneur
Temple, I waived the honour and pleasure, and thought I should
hear no more of it. However, the proposal was turned into a
command, and every body told me I could not refuse. Well, I
could not come so near, and not call upon you; besides, it is
extremely convenient to my Lord Castlecomer, for it would have
been horrid to set out at seven o'clock in the morning, full-
dressed, in my weepers, and to step out of my chaise into a
drawing-room. I wrote to you on Friday, the soonest I could
after this was settle(], to notify myself to you, but find I am
arrived before my letter. Mrs. White is all goodness; and
being the first of July, and consequently the middle of winter,
has given me a good fire and some excellent coffee and bread
and butter, and I am as comfortable as possible, except in
having missed you. She insists on acquainting you, which makes
me write this to prevent your coming; for as I must depart at
twelve o'clock to-morrow, it would be dragging you home before
your time for only half an hour, and I have too much regard for
Lord Guildford to deprive him of your company. Don't therefore
think of making this unnecessary compliment. I have treated
your house like an inn, and it will not be friendly, if you do
not make as free with me. I had much rather that you would
take it for a visit that you ought to repay. Make my best
compliments to your brother and Lord Guildford, and pity me for
the six dreadful days that I am going to pass. Rosette is fast
asleep in your chair, or I am sure she would write a
postscript. I cannot say she is either commanded or invited to
be of this royal party; but have me, have my dog.
I must not forget to thank you for mentioning Mrs. Wetenhall,
on whom I should certainly wait with great pleasure, but have
no manner of intention of going into Cheshire. There is not a
chair or stool in Cholmondeley, and my nephew, I believe, will
pull it down. He has not a fortune to furnish or inhabit it;
and, if his uncle should leave him one, he would choose a
pleasanter country. Adieu! Don't be formal with me, and don't
trouble your hand about yours ever.
Letter 8 To George Montagu, Esq.
Strawberry Hill, Saturday night, July 7, 1770. (page 33)
After making an inn of your house, it is but decent to thank
you for my entertainment, and to acquaint you with the result
of my journey. The party passed off much better than I
expected. A Princess at the Heart of a very small set for five
days together did not promise well. However, she was very
good-humoured and easy, and dispensed with a large quantity of
etiquette. Lady Temple is good-nature itself, my lord was very
civil, Lord Besborough is made to suit all sorts of people,
Lady Mary Coke respects royalty too much not to be very
condescending, Lady Anne Howard(12) and Mrs. Middleton filled
up the drawing-room, or rather made it out, and I was so
determined to carry it off as well as I could, and happened to
be in such good spirits, and took such care to avoid politics,
that we laughed a great deal, and had not one cloud the whole
time.
We breakfasted at half an hour after nine; but the Princess did
not appear till it was finished; then we walked in the garden,
or drove about in cabriolets, till it was time to dress; dined
at three, which, though properly proportioned to the smallness
of company to avoid ostentation, lasted a vast While, as the
Princess eats and talks a great deal; then again into the
garden till past seven, when we came in, drank tea and coffee,
and played at pharaoh till ten, when the Princess retired, and
we went to supper, and before twelve to bed. You see there was
great sameness and little vivacity in all this. It was a
little broken by fishing, and going round the park one of the
mornings; but, in reality, the number of buildings and variety
of scenes in the garden, made each day different from the rest,
and my meditations on so historic a spot prevented my being
tired. Every acre brings to one's mind some instance of the
parts or pedantry, of the taste or want of taste, of the
ambition or love of fame, or greatness or miscarriages, of
those that have inhabited, decorated, planned, or visited the
place. Pope, Congreve, Vanbrugh, Kent, Gibbs, Lord Cobham,
Lord Chesterfield, the mob of nephews, the Lytteltons,
Granvilles, Wests, Leonidas Glover, and Wilkes, the late Prince
of Wales, the King of Denmark, Princess Amelia, and the proud
monuments of Lord Chatham's services, now enshrined there, then
anathematized there, and now again commanding there, with the
temple of Friendship, like the temple of Janus, sometimes open
to war, and sometimes shut up in factious cabals--all these
images crowd upon one's memory, and add visionary personages to
the charming scenes, that are so enriched with fanes and
temples, that the real prospects are little less than visions
themselves.
On Wednesday night, a small Vauxhall was acted for us at the
grotto in the Elysian fields, which was illuminated with lamps,
as were the thicket and two little barks on the lake. With a
little exaggeration I could make you believe that nothing was
so delightful. The idea was really pretty; but as my feelings
have lost something of their romantic sensibility, I did not
quite enjoy such an entertainment alfresco so much as I should
have done twenty years ago. The evening was more than cool,
and the destined spot any thing but dry. There were not half
lamps enough, and no music but an ancient militia-man, who
played cruelly on a squeaking tabor and pipe. As our
procession descended the vast flight of' steps into the garden,
in which was assembled a crowd of people from Buckingham and
the neighbouring villages to see the Princess and the show, the
moon shining very bright, I could not help laughing as I
surveyed our troop, which, instead of tripping lightly to such
an Arcadian entertainment, were hobbling down by the
balustrades, wrapt up in cloaks and greatcoats, for fear of
catching cold. The Earl, you know, is bent double, the
Countess very lame; I am a miserable walker, and the Princess,
though as strong as a Brunswick lion, makes no figure in going
down fifty stone stairs. Except Lady Anne, and by courtesy
Lady Mary, we were none of us young enough for a pastoral. We
supped in the grotto, which is as proper to this climate as a
sea-coal fire would be in the dog-days at Tivoli.
But the chief entertainment of the week, at least what was so
to the Princess, was an arch, which Lord Temple has erected to
her honour in the most enchanting of all picturesque scenes.
It is inscribed on one side, 'Amelia Sophia Aug.,' and has a
medallion of her on the other. It is placed on an eminence at
the top of the Elysian fields, in a grove of orange-trees. You
come to it on a sudden, and are startled with delight on
looking through it: you at once see, through a glade, the river
winding at the bottom; from which a thicket arises, arched over
with trees, but opened, and discovering a hillock full of
haycocks, beyond which in front is the Palladian bridge, and
again over that a larger hill crowned with the castle. It is a
tall landscape framed by the arch and the overhovering trees,
and comprehending more beauties of light, shade, and buildings,
than any picture of Albano I ever saw. Between the flattery
and the prospect the Princess was really in Elysium: she
visited her arch four or five times every day, and could not
satiate herself with it. statues of Apollo and the Muses stand
on each side of the arch. One day she found in Apollo's hand
the following lines, which I had written for her, and
communicated to Lord Temple:--
T'other day, with a beautiful frown on her brow,
To the rest of the gods said the Venus of Stowe,
"What a fuss is here made with that arch just erected,
How our temples are slighted, our antirs neglected!
Since yon nymph has appear'd, We are noticed no more,
All resort to her shrine, all her presence adore;
And what's more provoking, before all our faces,
Temple thither has drawn both the Muses and Graces."
"Keep your temper, dear child," Phoebus cried with a smile,
"Nor this happy, this amiable festival spoil.
Can your shrine any longer with garlands be dress'd?
When a true goddess reigns, all the false are suppress'd."
If you will keep my counsel, I will own to you, that originally
the two last lines were much better, but I was forced to alter
them out of decorum, not to be too pagan upon the occasion; in
short, here they are as in the first sketch,--
"Recollect, once before that our oracle ceased,
When a real divinity rose in the East."
So many heathen temples around had made me talk as a Roman poet
would have done: but I corrected my verses, and have made them
insipid enough to offend nobody. Good night! I am rejoiced to
be once more in the gay solitude of my own little Temple. Yours
ever.
(12) Lady Anne Howard, daughter of Henry fourth Earl, and
sister of Frederick fifth Earl of Carlisle.-E.
Letter 9 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, July 9, 1770. (page 35)
I am not going to tell you, my dear lord, of the diversions or
honours of Stowe, which I conclude Lady Mary has writ to Lady
Strafford. Though the week passed cheerfully enough, it was
more glory than I should have sought of my own head. The
journeys to Stowe and Park-place have deranged my projects so,
that I don't know where I am, and I wish they have not given me
the gout into the bargain; for I am come back very lame, and
not at all with the bloom that one ought to have imported from
the Elysian field. Such jaunts when one is growing old is
playing with edged-tools, as my Lord Chesterfield, in one of
his Worlds,(13) makes the husband say to his wife, when she
pretends that gray powder does not become her. It is charming
at twenty to play at Elysian fields, but it is no joke at
fifty; or too great a joke. It made me laugh as we were
descending the great flight of steps from the house to go and
sup in the grotto on the banks of Helicon: we were so cloaked
up, for the evening was very cold, and so many of us were
limping and hobbling, that Charon would have easily believed we
were going to ferry over in earnest. It is with much more
comfort that I am writing to your lordship in the great
bow-window of my new round room, which collects all the rays of
the southwest sun, and composes a sort of summer; a feel I have
not known this year, except last Thursday. If the rains should
ever cease, and the weather settle to fine, I shall pay you my
visit at Wentworth Castle; but hitherto the damps have affected
me so much, that I am more disposed to return to London and
light my fire, than brave the humours of a climate so
capricious and uncertain, in the country. I cannot help
thinking it grows worse; I certainly remember such a thing as
dust: nay, I still have a clear idea of it, though I have seen
none for some years, and should put some grains in a bottle for
a curiosity, if it should ever fly again.
News I know none. You may be sure it was a subject carefully
avoided at Stowe; and Beckford's death had not raised the glass
or spirits of the master of the house. The papers make one
sick with talking of that noisy vapouring fool, as they would
of Algernon Sidney.
I have not happened to see your future nephew, though we have
exchanged visits. It was the first time I had been at
Marble-hill, since poor Lady Suffolk's death; and the
impression was so uneasy, that I was not sorry not to find him
at home. Adieu, my good lord! Except seeing you both, nothing
can be more agreeable than to hear of yours and Lady
Strafford's health, who, I hope, continues perfectly well.
(13) No. 18. A Country Gentleman's Tour to Paris with his
Family.-E.
Letter 10 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, July 12, 1770. (page 36)
Reposing under my laurels! No, no, I am reposing in a much
better tent, under the tester of my own bed. I am not obliged
to rise by break of day and be dressed for the drawing-room; I
may saunter in my slippers till dinner-time, and not make bows
till my back is as much out of joint as my Lord Temple's. In
short, I should die of the gout or fatigue, if I was to be
Polonius to a Princess for another week. Twice a-day we made a
pilgrimage to almost every heathen temple in that province that
they call a garden; and there is no sallying out of the house
without descending a flight of steps as high as St. Paul's. My
Lord Besborough would have dragged me up to the top of the
column, to see all the kingdoms of the earth; but I would not,
if he could have given them to me. To crown all, because we
live under the line, and that we were all of us giddy young
creatures, of near threescore, we supped in a grotto in the
Elysian fields, and were refreshed with rivers of dew and
gentle showers that dripped from all the trees, and put us in
mind of the heroic ages, when kings and queens were shepherds
and shepherdesses, and lived in caves, and were wet to the skin
two or three times a-day. Well! thank Heaven, I am emerged
from that Elysium, and once more in a Christian country!--Not
but, to say the truth, our pagan landlord and landlady were
very obliging, and the party went off much better than I
expected. We had no very recent politics, though volumes about
the Spanish war; and as I took care to give every thing a
ludicrous turn as much as I could, the Princess was diverted,
the six days rolled away, and the seventh is my sabbath; and I
promise you i will do no manner of work, I, nor my cat, nor my
dog, nor any thing that is mine. For this reason, I entreat
that the journey to Goodwood may not take place before the 12th
of August, when I will attend you. But this expedition to
Stowe has quite blown up my intended one to Wentworth Castle: I
have not resolution enough left for such a journey. Will you
and Lady Ailesbury come to Strawberry before, or after
Goodwood? I know you like being dragged from home as little as
I do; therefore you shall place that visit just when it is most
convenient to you.
I came to town the night before last, and am just returning.
There are not twenty people in all London. Are not YOU in
despair about the summer? It is horrid to be ruined in coals in
June and July. Adieu. Yours ever.
Letter 11 To George Montagu, Esq.
Strawberry Hill, July 14, 1770. (page 37)
I see by the papers this morning that Mr. Jenkinson(14) is
dead. He had the reversion of my place, which would go away,
if I should lose my brother. I have no pretensions to ask it,
and you know It has long been my fixed resolution not to accept
it. But as Lord North is your particular friend, I think it
right to tell you, that you may let him know what it is worth,
that he may give it to one of his own sons, and not bestow it
on somebody else, without being apprised of its value. I have
seldom received less than fourteen hundred a-year in money, and
my brother, I think, has four more from it. There are besides
many places in the gift of the office, and one or two very
considerable. Do not mention this but to Lord North, or Lord
Guilford. It is unnecessary, I am sure, for me to say to you,
but I would wish them to be assured that in saying this, I am
incapable of, and above any finesse, or view, to myself. I
refused the reversion for myself several years ago, when Lord
Holland was secretary of state, and offered to obtain it for
me. Lord Bute, I believe, would have been very glad to have
given it to me, before he gave it to Jenkinson; but I say it
very seriously, and you know me enough to be certain I am in
earnest, that I would not accept it upon any account. Any
favour Lord North will do for you will give me all the
satisfaction I desire. I am near fifty-three; I have neither
ambition nor interest to gratify. I can live comfortably for
the remainder of my life, though I should be poorer by fourteen
hundred pounds a-year; but I should have no comfort if, in the
dregs of life, I did any thing that I would not do when I was
twenty years younger. I will trust to you, therefore, to make
Use of this information in the friendly manner I mean it, and
to prevent my being hurt by its being taken otherwise than as a
design to serve those to whom you wish well. Adieu! Yours
ever.
(14) Charles Jenkinson, at this time one of the lords of the
treasury. In 1786, He was created Baron Hawkesbury, and in
1796 advanced to the dignity of Earl of Liverpool.-E.
Letter 12 To George Montagu, Esq.
Strawberry Hill, Sunday, [July 15, 1770.] (page 38)
I am sorry I wrote to you last night, for I find it is Mrs.
Jenkinson(15) that is dead, and not Mr.; and therefore I should
be glad to have this arrive time enough to prevent your
mentioning the contents of my letter. In that case, I should
not be concerned to have given you that mark of my constant
good wishes, nor to have talked to you of my affairs, which are
as well in your breast as my own. They never disturb me; for
my mind has long taken its stamp, and as I shall leave nobody
much younger than myself behind me for whom I am solicitous, I
have no desire beyond being easy for the rest of my life I
could not be so if I stooped to have obligations to any man
beyond what it would ever be in my power to return. When I was
in Parliament, I had the additional reason of choosing to be
entirely free; and my strongest reason of all is, that I will
be at liberty to speak truth both living and dead. This
outweighs all considerations of interest, and will convince
you, though I believe you do not want that conviction, that my
yesterday's letter was as sincere in its resolution as in its
professions to you. Let the matter drop entirely, as it is now
Of no consequence. Adieu! Yours ever.
(15) Amelia, daughter of William Watts, Esq. formerly governor
of Fort William, in Bengal.-E.
Letter 13 To George Montagu, Esq.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 3, 1770. (page 38)
I am going on in the sixth week of my fit, and having had a
return this morning in my knee, I cannot flatter myself with
any approaching prospect of recovery. The gate of painful age
seems open to me, and I must travel through it as I may! If
you have not written one word for another, I am at a loss to
understand you. You say you have taken a house in London for a
year, that you are gone to Waldeshare for six months, and then
shall come for the winter. Either you mean six weeks, or
differ with most people in reckoning April the beginning of
winter. I hope your pen was in a hurry, rather than your
calculation so uncommon; I certainly shall be glad of your
residing in London. I have long wished to live nearer to you,
but it was in happier days. I am now so dismayed by these
returns of gout, that I can promise myself few comforts in any
future scenes of my life.
I am much obliged to Lord Guildford and Lord North, and was
very sorry that the latter came to see Strawberry in so bad a
day, and when I was so extremely ill, and full of pain, that I
scarce knew he was here; and as my coachman was gone to London,
to fetch me bootikins, there was no carriage to offer him; but,
indeed, in the condition I then was, I was not capable of doing
any of the honours of my house, suffering at once in my hand,
knee, and both feet. I am still lifted out of bed by two
servants; and by their help travel from my bedchamber down to
the couch in my blue room; but I shall conclude, rather than
tire you with so unpleasant a history. Adieu! Yours ever.
Letter 14 To George Montagu, Esq.
Arlington Street, Oct. 16, 1770. (page 39)
At last I have been able to remove to London; but though long
weeks are gone and over since I was seized, I am only able to
creep about upon a flat floor, but cannot go up and down
stairs. However, I have patience, as I can at least fetch a
book for myself', instead of having a servant bring me a wrong
one. I am much obliged to Lord Guildford for his goodness to
me, and beg my thanks to him. When you go to Canterbury, pray
don't wake the Black Prince. I am very unwarlike, and desire
to live the rest of my time upon the stock of glory I saved to
my share Out Of the last war. I know not more news than I did
at Strawberry; there are not more people in town than I saw
there, and I intend to return thither on Friday or Saturday.
Adieu! Yours ever.
Letter 15 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Arlington Street, Oct. 16, 1770. (page 39)
Though I have so very little to say, it is but my duty, my dear
lord, to thank you for your extreme goodness to me and your
inquiring after me. I was very bad again last week, but have
mended so much since Friday night, that I really now believe
the fit is over. I came to town on Sunday, and can creep about
my room even without a stick, which is more felicity to me than
if I had got a white one. I do not aim yet at such preferment
as walking up stairs; but having moulted my stick, I flatter
myself I shall come forth again without being lame. The few I
have seen tell me there is nobody else in town. That is no
grievance to me, when I should be at the mercy of all that
should please to bestow their idle time upon me. I know
nothing of the war-egg, but that sometimes it is to be hatched
and sometimes to be addled.(16) Many folks get into the nest,
and sit as hard upon it as they can, concluding it will produce
a golden chick. As I shall not be a feather the better for it,
I hate that game-breed, and prefer the old hen Peace and her
dunghill brood. My compliments to my lady and all her poultry.
(16) The dispute with Spain relative to the possession of the
Falkland Islands, had led to a considerable augmentation both
of the army and navy; which gave an appearance of authenticity
to the rumours of war which were now in circulation.-E.
Letter 16 To The Earl Of Charlemont.(17)
Arlington Street, Oct. 17, 1770. (page 40)
My lord,
I am very glad your lordship resisted your disposition to make
me an apology for doing me a great honour; for, if you had not,
the Lord knows where I should have found words to have made a
proper return. Still you have left me greatly in your debt.
It is very kind to remember me, and kinder to honour me with
your commands: they shall be zealously obeyed to the utmost of
my little credit; for an artist that your lordship patronises
will, I imagine, want little recommendation, besides his own
talents. It does not look, indeed, like very prompt obedience,
when I am yet guessing only at Mr. Jervais's merit; but though
he has lodged himself within a few doors of me, I have not been
able to get to him, having been confined near two months with
the gout, and still keeping my house. My first visit shall be
to gratify my duty and curiosity. I am sorry to say, and beg
your lordship's pardon for the confession, that, however high
an opinion I have of your taste in the arts, I do not equally
respect your judgment in books. it is in truth a defect that
you have in common with the two great men who are the
respective models of our present parties--
"The hero William, and the martyr Charles."
You know what happened to them after patronising Kneller and
Bernini--
"One knighted Blackmore, and one pensioned Quarles."
After so saucy an attack, my lord, it is time to produce my
proof. It lies in your own postscript, where you express a
curiosity to see a certain tragedy, with a hint that the other
works of the same author have found favour in your sight, and
that the piece ought to have been sent to you. But, my lord,
even your approbation has not made that author vain; and for
the lay in question, it has so many perils to encounter, that
it never thinks of producing itself. It peeped out of its
lurking corner once or twice; and one of those times, by the
negligence of a friend, had like to have been, what is often
pretended in prefaces, stolen, and consigned to the press.
When your lordship comes to England, which, for every reason
but that, I hope will be Soon, you shall certainly see it; and
will then allow, I am sure. how improper it would be for the
author to risk its appearance in public. However, unworthy as
that author may be, from his talents, of your lordship's
favour, do not let its demerits be confounded with the esteem
and attachment with which he has the honour to be, my lord,
your lordship's most devoted servant.
(17) James Caulfield, Earl of Charlemont, an Irish nobleman,
distinguished for his literary taste and patriotism. Of him
Mr. Burke said, ,He is a man of such polished manners, of a
mind so truly adorned and disposed to the adoption of whatever
is excellent and praiseworthy, that to see and converse with
him would alone induce me, or might induce any one who relishes
such qualities, to pay a visit to Ireland." He died in 1799,
and in 1810, his Memoirs were published by Francis Hardy, Esq.
in a quarto volume.-E.
Letter 17 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Nov. 15, 1770. ((page 41)
Dear sir,
If you have not engaged your interest in Cambridgeshire, you
will oblige me much by bestowing it on young Mr. Brand, the son
of my particular acquaintance, and our old schoolfellow. I am
very unapt to trouble my head about elections, but wish success
to this.
If you see Bannerman, I should be glad you would tell him that
I am going to print the last volume of my Painters, and should
like to employ him again for some of the heads, if he cares to
undertake them: though there will be a little trouble as he
does not reside in London. I am in a hurry, and am forced to
be brief, but am always glad to hear of you, and from you.
Yours most sincerely.
letter 18 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Nov. 20, 1770. (page 41)
I believe our letters crossed one another without knowing it.
Mine, it seems, was quite unnecessary, for I find Mr. Brand has
given up the election. Yours was very kind and obliging, as
they always are. Pray be so good as to thank Mr. Tyson for me
a thousand times; I am vastly pleased with his work, and hope
he will give me another of the plates for my volume of heads
(for I shall bind up his present), and I by no means relinquish
his promise of a complete set of his etchings, and of a visit
to Strawberry Hill. Why should it not be with you and Mr.
Essex, whom I shall be very glad to see--but what do you talk
of a single day? Is that all you allow me in two years?
I rejoice to see Mr. Bentham's advertisement at last. I depend
on you, dear Sir, for procuring me his book(18) the instant it
is possible to have it. Pray make my compliments to all that
good family. I am enraged, and almost in despair, at Pearson
the glass-painter, he is so idle and dissolute. He has done
very little of the window, though what he has done is glorious,
and approaches very nearly to Price.
My last volume of Painters begins to be printed this week; but,
as the plates are not begun, I doubt it will be long before the
whole is ready. I mentioned to you in my last Thursday's
letter a hint about Bannerman, the engraver. Adieu!
(18) The "History and Antiquities of the Conventual and
Cathedral Church at Ely," which appeared in the following
year.-E.
Letter 19 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Dec. 20, 1770. (page 42)
Dear Sir
I am very zealous, as you know, for the work; but I agree with
you in expecting very little success from the plan.(19)
Activity is the best implement in such undertakings, and that
seems to be wanting; and, without that, it were vain to think
of who would be at the expense. I do not know whether it were
not best that Mr. Essex should publish his remarks as simply as
he can. For my own part, I can do no more than I have done,-
-sketch out the plan. I grow too old, and am grown too
indolent, to engage in any more works: nor have I time. I wish
to finish some things I have by me, and to have done. The last
volume of my Anecdotes, of which I was tired, is completed and
with them I shall take my leave of publications. The last
years of one's life are fit for nothing but idleness and quiet,
and I am as indifferent to fame as to politics.
I can be of as little use to Mr. Granger in recommending him to
the Antiquarian Society. I dropped my attendance there four or
five years ago, from being sick of their ignorance and
stupidity, and have not been three times amongst them since.
They have chosen to expose their dullness to the world, and
crowned it with Dean Milles's(20) nonsense. I have written a
little answer to the last, which you shall see, and then wash
my hands of them.
To say the truth, I have no very sanguine expectation about the
Ely window. The glass-painter, though admirable, proves a very
idle worthless fellow, and has yet scarce done any thing of
consequence. I gave Dr. Nichols notice of his character, but
found him apprised of it. The Doctor, however, does not
despair, but pursues him warmly. I wish it may succeed!
If you go over to Cambridge, be so good as to ask Mr. Grey when
he proposes being in town; he talked of last month. I must beg
you, too, to thank Mr. Tyson for his last letter. I can say
no more to the Plan than I have said. If he and Mr. Essex
should like to come to town, I shall be very willing to talk it
over with them, but I can by no means think of engaging in any
part of the composition.
These holidays I hope to have time to arrange my drawings, and
give bannerman some employment towards my book, but I am in no
hurry to have it appear, as it speaks of times so recent; for
though I have been very tender of not hurting any living
relations of the artists, the latter were in general so
indifferent, that I doubt their families will not be very well
content with the coldness of the praises I have been able to
bestow. This reason, with my unwillingness to finish the work,
and the long interval between the composition of this and the
other volumes, have, I doubt, made the greatest part a very
indifferent performance. An author, like other mechanics,
never does well when he is tired of his profession.
I have been told that, besides Mr. Tyson, there are two other
gentlemen engravers at Cambridge. I think their names are
Sharp or Show, and Cobbe, but I am not at all sure of either.
I should be glad, however, if I could procure any of their
portraits; and I do not forget that I am already in your debt.
Boydell is going to recommence a suite of illustrious heads,
and I am to give him a list of indubitable portraits of
remarkable persons that have never been engraved; but I have
protested against his receiving two sorts; the one, any old
head of a family, when the person was moderately considerable;
the other, spurious or doubtful heads; both sorts apt to be
sent in by families who wish to crowd -their own names into the
work; as was the case more than once in Houbraken's set, and of
which honest Vertue often complained to me. The Duke of
Buckingham, Carr, Earl of Somerset, and Thurloe, in that list,
are absolutely not genuine--the first is John Digby Earl of
Bristol. Yours ever.
(19) Mr. Essex's projected History of Gothic Architecture.
See vol. iii. Letter 366 to the Rev. Mr. Cole, Aug. 12,
1769.-E.
(20) Dr. Jeremiah Milles, dean of Exeter, many years president
of the Antiquarian Society. He engaged ardently in the
Chatterton controversy, and published the whole of the poems
purporting to be written by Rowley, with a glossary; thereby
proving himself a fit subject for that chef-d'oeuvre of wit and
poetry, the Archaeological Epistle, written by Mason.
Walpole's answer is entitled, "Reply to the Observations on the
Remarks of the Rev. Dr. Milles, Dean of Exeter and President
of the Society of Antiquaries, on the Wardrobe Account of 1483,
etc." It is inserted in the second volume of his collected
Works-E.
Letter 20 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, Christmas-day. (page 43)
If poplar-pines ever grow,(21) it must be in such a soaking
season as this. I wish you would send half-a-dozen by some
Henley barge to meet me next Saturday at Strawberry Hill, that
they may be as tall as the Monument by next summer. My
cascades give themselves the airs of cataracts, and Mrs. Clive
looks like the sun rising out of the ocean. Poor Mr.
Raftor(22) is tired to death of their solitude; and, as his
passion is walking, he talks with rapture of the brave rows of
lamps all along the street, just as I used formerly to think no
trees beautiful without lamps to them, like those at Vauxhall.
As I came to town but to dinner, and have not seen a soul, I do
not KNOW whether there is any news. I am just going to the
Princess,(23) where I shall hear all there is. I went to King
Arthur(24) on Saturday, and was tired to death, both of the
nonsense of the piece and the execrable performance, the
singers being still worse than the actors. The scenes are
little better (though Garrick boasts of rivalling the French
Opera,) except a pretty bridge, and a Gothic church with
windows of painted glass. This scene, which should be a
barbarous temple of Woden, is a perfect cathedral, and the
devil officiates at a kind of high-mass! I never saw greater
absurdities. Adieu!
(21) The first poplar-pine (or, as they have since been called,
Lombardy poplar) planted in England was at Park-place, on the
bank of the river near the great arch. It was a cutting
brought from Turin by Lord Rochford in his carriage, and
planted by General Conway's own hand.
(22) Brother of Mrs. Clive. He had been an actor himself, and,
when his sister retired from the stage, lived with her in the
house Mr. Walpole had given her at Twickenham.
(23( The Princess Amelia.
(24) Dryden's dramatic opera of King Arthur, or the British
Worthy, altered by Garrick, was this year brought out at Drury
Lane, and, by the aid of scenery, was very successful.-E.
Letter 21 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, Dec. 29, 1770. (page 44)
The trees came safe: I thank you for them: they are gone to
Strawberry, and I am going to plant them. This paragraph would
not call for a letter, but I have news for you of importance
enough to dignify a despatch. The Duc de Choiseul is fallen!
The express from Lord Harcourt arrived yesterday morning; the
event happened last Monday night, and the courier set out so
immediately, that not many particulars are yet known. The Duke
was allowed but three hours to prepare himself, and ordered to
retire to his seat at Chanteloup: but some letters say, "il ira
plus loin." The Duc de Praslin is banished, too, and Chatelet
is forbidden to visit Choiseul. Chatelet was to have had the
marine; and I am Sure is no loss to us. The Chevalier de Muy
is made secretary of state pour la guerre;(25) and it is
concluded that the Duc d'Aiguillon is prime-minister, but was
not named so in the first hurry. There! there is a revolution!
there is a new scene opened! Will it advance the war? Will it
make peace? These are the questions all mankind is asking.
This whale has swallowed up all gudgeon-questions. Lord
Harcourt writes, that the d'Aiguillonists had officiously taken
opportunities of assuring him, that if they prevailed it would
be peace; but in this country we know that opponents turned
ministers can change their language It is added, that the
morning of Choiseul's banishment'(26) the King said to him,
"Monsieur, je vous ai dit que je ne voulais point la guerre."
Yet how does this agree with Franc`es's(27) eager protestations
that Choiseul's fate depended on preserving the peace? How
does it agree with the Comptroller-general's offer of finding
funds for the war, and of Choiseul's proving he could not?--But
how reconcile half the politics one hears? De Guisnes and
Franc`es sent their excuses to the Duchess of Argyle last
night; and I suppose the Spaniards, too; for none of them were
there.--Well! I shall let all this bustle cool for two days;
for what Englishman does not sacrifice any thing to go his
Saturday out of town? And yet I am very much interested in
this event; I feel much for Madame de Choiseul, though nothing
for her Corsican husband; but I am in the utmost anxiety for my
dear old friend,(28) who passed every evening with the Duchess,
and was thence in great credit; and what is worse, though
nobody, I think, can be savage enough to take away her pension,
she may find great difficulty to get it paid--and then her poor
heart is so good and warm, that this blow on her friends, at
her great age, may kill her.(29) I have had no letter, nor had
last post--whether it was stopped, or whether she apprehended
the event, as I imagine--for every one observed, on Tuesday
night, at your brother's, that Franc`es could not open his
mouth. In short, I am most seriously alarmed about her.
You have seen in the papers the designed arrangements in the
law.(30) They now say there is some hitch; but I suppose it
turns on some demands, and so will be got over by their being
granted. Mr. Mason, the bard, gave me yesterday, the enclosed
memorial, and begged I would recommend it to you. It is in
favour of a very ingenious painter. Adieu! the sun shines
brightly; but it is one o'clock, and it will be set before I
get to Twickenham. Yours ever.
(25) The Chevalier, afterwards Mar`echal de Muy, was offered
that place, but declined it. He eventually filled it in the
early part of the reign of Louis XVI.-E.
(26) The Duc de Choiseul was dismissed from the ministry
through the intrigues of Madame du Barry, who accused him of an
improper correspondence with Spain.-- E.
(27) Then charg`e des affaires from the French court in London.
(28) It appears by Madame du Deffand's Letters to Walpole, that
she had addressed to him, on the 27th of December, one of
considerable length, filled with details relative to the
dismissal of the Duc de Choiseul, which took place on the 24th,
and the appointment of his successor; but this letter is
unfortunately lost.-E.
(29) By the reduction which the Abb`e de Terrai, when he first
entered upon the controle g`en`eral, made upon all pensions,
Madame du Deffand had lost three thousand livres of income. To
her letter of the 2d of February 1771, announcing this
diminution, Walpole made the following generous reply:--"Je ne
saurois souffrir une telle diminution de votre bien. O`u
voulez-vous faire des retranchemens? O`u est-il possible que
vous en fassiez? Ne daignez pas fire un pas, s'il n'est pas
fait, pour remplacer vos trois Mille livres. Ayez assez
d'amiti`e pour moi pour les accepter de ma part. Accordez-moi,
je vous conjure, la gr`ace, que je vous demande aux genoux, et
jouissez de la satisfaction de vous dire, j'ai un ami qui ne
permettra jamais que je me jette aux pieds des grands. Ma
Petite, j'insiste."-E.
(30) Mr. Bathurst was created Lord Apsley, and appointed Lord
Chancellor; Sir William de Grey was made Chief Justice of the
Common Pleas; Mr. Thurlow, attorney-general and Mr. Wedderburn,
solicitor-general.-E.
Letter 22 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Jan. 10, 1771. (page 45)
As I am acquainted with Mr. Paul Sandby, the brother of the
architect,(31) I asked him if there was a design, as I had
heard, of making a print or prints of King's College Chapel, by
the King's order'! He answered directly, by no means. His
brother made a general sketch of the chapel for the use of the
lectures he reads on architecture at the Royal Academy. Thus,
dear Sir, Mr. Essex may be perfectly easy that there is no
intention of interfering with his work. I then mentioned to
Mr. Sandby Mr. Essex's plan, which he much approved, but said
the plates would cost a great sum. The King, he thought, would
be inclined to patronise the work; but I own I do not know how
to get it laid before him. His own artists would probably
discourage any scheme that might entrench on their own
advantages. Mr. Thomas Sandby, the architect, is the only one
of them I am acquainted with; and Mr. Essex must think whether
he would like to let him into any participation of the work.
If I can get any other person to mention it to his Majesty, I
will; but you know me, and that I have always kept clear of
connexions with courts and ministers, and have no interest with
either, and perhaps my recommendation might do as much hurt as
good, especially as the artists in favour might be jealous Of
One who understands a little of their professions, and is apt
to say what he thinks. In truth, there is another danger,
which is that they might not assist Mr. Essex without views of
profiting of his labours. I am slightly acquainted with Mr.
Chambers,(32) the architect, and have a good opinion of him: if
Mr. Essex approves my communicating his plan to him or Mr.
Sandby, I should think it more likely to succeed by their
intervention, than by any lord of the court; for, at last, the
King would certainly take the opinion of his artists. When you
have talked this over with Mr. Essex, let me know the result.
Till he has determined, there can be no use in Mr. Essex's
coming to town.
Mr. Gray will bring down some of my drawings to Bannerman, and
when you go over to Cambridge, I will beg you now and then to
supervise him. For Mr. Bentham's book, I rather despair of it;
and should it ever appear, he will have had people expect it
too long, which will be of no service to it, though I do not
doubt of its merit. Mr. Gray will show you my answer to"Dr.
Milles.(33) Yours ever.
(31) Paul Sandby, the well-known artist in water-colours, was
brother to Thomas Sandby, who was professor of architecture in
the Royal Academy of London.-E.
(32) Afterwards Sir William Chambers, author of the well-known
"Treatise on Civil Architecture;" a "Dissertation on Oriental
Gardening," etc. In 1775, he was appointed to superintend the
building of Somerset-house, in the Strand.-E.
(33) In the early part of this year, Walpole's house in
Arlington-street was broke open, without his servants being
alarmed; all the locks forced off his drawers, cabinets, etc.
their contents scattered about the rooms, and yet nothing taken
away. In her letter of the 3d of April, Madame du Deffand
says, "Votre aventure fait tenir ici toute sorte de propos: les
uns disent que l'on vous soup`connait d'avoir une
correspondence secr`ete avec M. de Choiseul.-E.
Letter 23 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, May 29, 1771. (page 46)
Dear Sir,
I have but time to write you a line, that I may not detain Mr.
Essex, who is so good as to take charge of this note, and of a
box, which I am sure will give you pleasure, and I beg may give
you a little trouble. It contains the very valuable seven
letters of Edward the sixth to Barnaby Fitzpatrick. Lord
Ossory, to whom they belong, has lent them to me to print, but
to facilitate that, and to prevent their being rubbed or hurt
by the printer, I must entreat your exactness to copy them, and
return them with the copies. I need not desire your particular
care; for you value these things as much as I do, and will be
able to make them out better than I can do, from being so much
versed in old writing. Forgive my taking this liberty with
you, which, I flatter myself, will not be disagreeable. Mr.
Essex and Mr. Tyson dined with me at Strawberry Hill; but could
not stay so long as I wished. The party would have been still
more agreeable if you had made a fourth. Adieu! dear Sir,
yours ever.
Letter 24 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, June 11, 1771. (page 47)
You are very kind, dear Sir, and I ought to be, nay, what is
more, I am ashamed of giving you so much trouble; but I am in
no hurry for the letters. I shall not set out till the 7th of
next month, And it will be sufficient if I receive them a week
before I set out. Mr. C. C. C. C. is very welcome to attack me
about a Duchess of Norfolk. He is even welcome to be in the
right; to the edification I hope of all the matrons at the
Antiquarian Society, who I trust will insert his criticism in
the next volume of their Archaeologia, or Old Women's Logic;
but, indeed, I cannot bestow my time on any more of them, nor
employ myself in detecting witches for vomiting pins. When
they turn extortioners like Mr. Masters,(34) the law should
punish them, not only for roguery, but for exceeding their
province, which our ancestors limited to killing their
neighbour's cow, or crucifying dolls of wax. For my own part,
I am so far from being out of charity with him, that I would
give him a nag or new broom whenever he has a mind to ride to
the Antiquarian sabbat, and preach against me. Though you have
more cause to be angry, laugh -,it him as I do. One has not
life enough to throw away on all the fools and knaves that come
across one. I have often been attacked, and never replied but
to Mr. Hume and Dr. Milles--to the first, because he had a
name; to the second, because he had a mind to have one:--and
yet I was in the wrong, for it was the only way he could attain
one. In truth, it is being too self-interested, to expose only
one's private antagonists, when one lets worse men pass
unmolested. Does a booby hurt me by an attack on me, more than
by any other foolish thing he does? Does not he tease me more
by any thing he says to me, without attacking me, than by any
thing he says against me behind my back? I shall, therefore,
most certainly never inquire after or read Mr. C. C. C. C.'s
criticism, but leave him to oblivion with her Grace of Norfolk,
and our wise society. As I doubt my own writings will soon be
forgotten, I need not fear that those of my answerers will be
remembered.
(34) There is a note on this letter in Cole's handwriting. Mr.
Mason had informed him, that Mr. Masters had lately read a
paper at the Antiquarian Society against some mistake of Mr.
Walpole's respective a Duchess of Norfolk; and he adds, "This I
informed Mr. Walpole of in my letter, and said something to him
of Masters' extortion in making me pay forty pounds towards the
repairing his vicarage-house at Waterbeche, which he pretended
he had fitted up for my reception."
Letter 25 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.(35)
Strawberry Hill, June 17, 1771. (page 48)
I was very sure you would grant my request, if you could, and I
am perfectly satisfied with your reasons; but I do not believe
the parties concerned will be so too, especially the heads of
the family, who are not so ready to serve their relations at
their own expense as gratis. When I see you I will tell you
more, and what I thought I had told you.
You tax me with four days in Bedfordshire; I was but three at
most, and of those the evening I went, and the morning I came
away, made the third day. I will try to see you before I go.
The Edgcumbes I should like and Lady Lyttelton, but Garrick
does not tempt me at all. I have no taste for his perpetual
buffoonery, and am sick of his endless expectation of flattery;
but you who charge me with making a long visit to Lord and Lady
Ossory,--you do not see the mote in your own eye; at least I am
sure Lady Ailesbury does not see that in hers. I could not
obtain a single day from her all last year, and with difficulty
got her to give me a few hours this. There is always an
indispensable pheasantry that must be visited, or some thing
from which she cannot spare four-and-twenty hours. Strawberry
sets this down in its pocket-book. and resents the neglect.
At two miles from Houghton Park is the mausoleum of the Bruces,
where I saw the most ridiculous monument of one of Lady
Ailesbury's predecessors that ever was imagined; I beg she will
never keep such company. In the midst of an octagon chapel is
the tomb of Diana, Countess of Oxford and Elgin. From a huge
unwieldy base of white marble rises a black marble cistern;
literally a cistern that would serve for an eating-room. In
the midst of this, to the knees, stands her ladyship in a white
domino or shroud, with her left hand erect as giving her
blessing. It put me in mind of Mrs. Cavendish when she got
drunk in the bathing-tub. At another church is a kind of
catacomb for the Earls of Kent: there are ten sumptuous
monuments. Wrest and Hawnes are both ugly places; the house at
the former is ridiculously old and bad. The state bedchamber
(not ten feet high) and its drawing-room, are laced with Ionic
columns of spotted velvet, and friezes of patchwork. There are
bushels of deplorable earls and countesses. The garden was
execrable too, but is something mended by Brown. Houghton Park
and Ampthill stand finely: the last is a very good house, and
has a beautiful park. The other has three beautiful old
fronts, in the style of Holland House, with turrets and
loggias, but not so large within. It is the worst contrived
dwelling I ever saw. Upon the whole, I was much diverted with
my journey. On my return I stayed but a single hour in London,
saw no soul, and came hither to meet the deluge. It has rained
all night, and all day; but it is midsummer, consequently
midwinter, and one can expect no better. Adieu!
(35) Now first printed.
Letter 26 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, June 20, 1771. (page 49)
I have waited impatiently, my dear lord, for something worth
putting into a letter but trees do not speak in parliament, nor
flowers write in the newspapers; and they are almost the only
beings I have seen. I dined on Tuesday at Notting-hill(36)
with the Countesses of Powis and Holderness, Lord and Lady
Pelham, and Lord Frederick Cavendish--and Pam; and shall go to
town on Friday to meet the same company at Lady Holderness's;
and this short journal comprises almost my whole history and
knowledge.
I must now ask your lordship's and Lady Strafford's commands
for Paris. I shall set out on the 7th of next month. You will
think, though you will not tell me so, that these are Very
juvenile jaunts at my age. Indeed, I should be ashamed if I
went for any other pleasure but that of once more seeing my
dear blind friend, whose much greater age forbids my depending
on seeing more often.(37) It will, indeed, be amusing to
change the scene of politics for though I have done with our
own, one cannot help hearing them--nay, reading them; for, like
flies, they come to breakfast with one's bread and butter. I
wish there was any other vehicle for them but a newspaper; a
place into which, considering how they are exhausted, I am sure
they have no pretensions. The Duc d'Aiguillon, I hear, is
minister. Their politics, some way or other, must end
seriously, either in despotism, a civil war, or assassination.
Methinks, it is playing deep for the power of tyranny. Charles
Fox is more moderate: he only games for an hundred thousand
pounds that he has not.
Have you read the Life of Benvenuto Cellini,(38) my lord? I am
angry with him for being more distracted and wrong-headed than
my Lord Herbert. Till the revival of these two, I thought the
present age had borne the palm of absurdity from all its
predecessors. But I find our contemporaries are quiet good
folks, that only game till they hang themselves, and do not
kill every body they meet in the street. Who would have
thought we were so reasonable?
Ranelagh, they tell me, is full of foreign dukes. There is a
Duc de la Tr`emouille, a Duc d'Aremberg, and other grandees. I
know the former, and am not sorry to be out of his way.
It is not pleasant to leave groves and lawns and rivers for a
dirty town with a dirtier ditch, calling itself the Seine; but
I dare not encounter the sea and bad inns in cold weather.
This consideration will bring me back by the end of August. I
should be happy to execute any commission for your lordship.
You know how earnestly I wish always to show myself your
lordship's most faithful humble servant.
(36) near Kensington. The villa of Lady Mary Coke.
(37) In the February of this-year Madame du Deffand had made
her will, and bequeathed Walpole all her manuscripts-. In her
letter of the 17th, informing him that she had so done, she
says, "Je fis usage de votre 'j'y consens.' J'ai une vraie
satisfaction que cette affaire soit termin`ee, et jamais vous
ne m'avez fait un plus v`eritable plaisir qu'en pronon`cant ces
deux mots."-E.
(38) The celebrated Florentine sculptor, "one of the most
extraordinary men in an extraordinary age," so designated by
Walpole. His Life, written by himself, was first published in
English in 1771, from a translation by Dr. T. Nugent; of which
a new edition, corrected and enlarged, with the notes and
observations of G. P. Carpani, translated by Thomas Roscoe,
appeared in 1822.-E.
Letter 27 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, June 22, 1771. (page 50)
I just write you a line, dear Sir, to acknowledge the receipt
of the box of papers, which is come very safe, and to give you
a thousand thanks for the trouble you have taken. As you
promise me another letter I will wait to answer it.
At present I will only beg another favour, and with less shame,
as it is of a kind you will like to grant. I have lately been
at Lord Ossory's at Ampthill. You know Catherine of Arragon
lived some time there.(39) Nothing remains of the castle, nor
any marks of residence, but a very small bit of her garden. I
proposed to Lord Ossory to erect a cross to her memory on the
spot, and he will. I wish, therefore, you could, from your
collections of books, or memory, pick out an authentic form of
a cross, of a better appearance than the common run. It must
be raised on two or three steps; and if they were octagon,
would it not be handsomer? Her arms must be hung like an order
upon it. Here is something of my idea.(40) The shield
appendant to a collar. We will have some inscriptions to mark
the cause of erection. Adieu! Your most obliged.
(39) After her divorce from Henry the Eighth.
(40) A rough sketch in the margin of the letter.
Letter 28 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 24, 1771. (page 51)
Dear Sir,
when I wrote to you t'other day, I had not opened the box of
letters, and consequently had not found yours, for which, and
the prints, I give you a thousand thanks; though Count Bryan I
have, and will return to you. Old Walker(41) is very like, and
is valuable for being mentioned in the Dunciad, and a
curiosity, from being mentioned there without abuse.
Your notes are very judicious,(42) and your information most
useful to me in drawing up some little preface to the Letters;
which, however, I shall not have time now to do before my
journey, as I shall set out on Sunday se'nnight. I like your
motto much. The Lady Cecilia's Letters are, as you say, more
curious for the writer than the matter. We know very little of
those daughters of Edward IV. Yet she and her sister
Devonshire lived to be old; especially Cecily, who was married
to Lord Wells; and I have found why: he was first cousin to
Henry VII., who, I suppose, thought it the safest match for
her. I wish I knew all she and her sisters knew of her
brothers, and their uncle Richard III. Much good may it do my
Lord of Canterbury with his parboiled stag! Sure there must be
more curiosities in Bennet Library!
Though your letter is so entertaining and useful to me, the
passage I like best is a promise you make me of a visit in the
autumn with Mr. Essex. Pray put him in mind of it, as I shall
you. It would add much to the obligation if you would bring
two or three of your MS. volumes of collections with you.
Yours ever.
(41) Dr. Richard Walker, vice-master of Trinity College, by
Lambourne.
(42) From King Edward's Journal relating to Mr. Fitzpatrick.
Letter 29 To John Chute, Esq.
Amiens, Tuesday evening, July 9, 1771. (page 51)
I am got no farther yet, as I travel leisurely, and do not
venture to fatigue myself. My voyage was but of four hours. I
was sick only by choice and precaution, and find myself in
perfect health. The enemy, I hope, has not returned to pinch
you again, and that you defy the foul fiend. The weather is
but lukewarm, and I should choose to have all the windows shut,
if my smelling was not much more summerly than my feeling; but
the frowsiness of obsolete tapestry and needlework is
insupportable. Here are old fleas and bugs talking of Louis
Quatorze like tattered refugees in the park, and they make poor
Rosette attend them, whether she will or not. This is a woful
account of an evening in July, and which Monsieur de St.
Lambert has omitted in his Seasons, though more natural than
any thing he has placed there. I f the Grecian religion had
gone into the folly of self-mortification, I suppose the
devotees of Flora would have shut themselves up in a nasty inn,
and have punished their noses for the sensuality of having
smelt to a rose or a honeysuckle.
This is all I have yet to say; for I have had no adventure, no
accident, nor seen a soul but my cousin Richard Walpole, whom I
met on the road and spoke to in his chaise. To-morrow I shall
lie at Chantilly, and be at Paris early on Thursday. The
Churchills are there already. Good night-- and a sweet one to
you!
Paris, Wednesday night, July 10.
I was so suffocated with my inn last night, that I mustered all
my resolution, rose with the alouette this morning, and was in
my chaise by five o'clock I got hither by eight this evening,
tired, but rejoiced; I have had a comfortable dish of tea, and
am going to bed in clean sheets. I sink myself even to my dear
old woman(43) and my sister; for it is impossible to sit down
and be made charming At this time of night after fifteen posts,
and after having been here twenty times before.
At Chantilly I crossed the Countess of Walpole, who lies there
to-night on her way to England. But I concluded she had no
curiosity about me-and I could not brag of more about her-and
so we had no intercourse. I am wobegone to find my Lord F -* *
* in the same hotel. He is as starched as an old-fashioned
plaited neckcloth, and come to suck wisdom from this curious
school of philosophy. He reveres me because I was acquainted
with his father; and that does not at all increase my
partiality to the son.
Luckily, the post departs early to-morrow morning I thought you
would like to hear I was arrived -well. I should be happy to
hear you are so; but do not torment yourself too soon, nor will
I torment you. I have fixed the 26th of August for setting out
on my return. These jaunts are too juvenile. I am ashamed to
look back and remember in what year of Methuselah I was here
first. Rosette Sends her blessing to her daughter. Adieu!
Yours ever.
(43) Madame du Deffand; who, in her letter to Walpole of the
12th of June, had said, "Je sens l'exc`es de votre
complaisance; j'ai tant de joie de l'esp`erance de vous revoir
qu'il me semble que rien ne peut plus m'affliger ni
m'attrister."--E.
Letter 30 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Paris, July 30, 1771. (page 52)
I do not know where you are, nor where this will find you, nor
when it will set out to seek you, as I am not certain by whom I
shall send it. It is of little consequence, as I have nothing
material to tell you, but what you probably may have heard.
The distress here is incredible, especially at court. The
King's tradesmen are ruined, his servants starving, and even
angels and archangels cannot get their pensions and salaries,
but sing, "Woe! woe! woe!" instead of Hosannahs. Compi`egne is
abandoned; Villiers-coterets and Chantilly(44) crowded, and
Chanteloup(45) still more in fashion, whither every body goes
that pleases; though, when they ask leave, the answer is, "Je
ne le defends ni le permets." This is the first time that ever
the will of a King of France was interpreted against his
inclination. Yet, after annihilating his Parliament, and
ruining public credit, he tamely submits to be affronted by his
own servants. Madame de Beauveau, and two or three
high-spirited dames, defy this Czar of Gaul- Yet they and their
cabal are as inconsistent on the other hand. They make
epigrams, sing vaudevilles(46) against the mistress, hand about
libels against the Chancellor, and have no more effect than a
sky-rocket; but in three months will die to go to court, and to
be invited to sup with Madame du Barry. The only real struggle
is between the Chancellor(47) and the Duc d'Aiguillon. The
first is false, bold, determined, and not subject to little
qualms. The other is less known, communicates himself to
nobody, is suspected of deep policy and deep designs, but seems
to intend to set out under a mask of very smooth varnish; for
he has just obtained the payment of all his bitter enemy La
Chalotais' pensions and arrears. He has the advantage, too, of
being but moderately detested in comparison of his rival, and,
what he values more, the interest of the mistress.(48) The
Comptroller-general serves both, by acting mischief more
sensibly felt; for he ruins every body but those who purchase a
respite from his mistress.(49) He dispenses bankruptcy by
retail, and will fall, because he cannot even by these means be
useful enough. They are striking off nine millions la caisse
militaire, five from the marine, and one from the afaires
`etrang`eres: yet all this will not extricate them. You never
saw a great nation in so disgraceful a position. Their next
prospect is not better: it rests on an imbecile, both in mind
and body.
July 31.
Mr. Churchill and my sister set out to-night after supper, and
I shall send this letter by them. There are no new books, no
new Plays, no new novels; nay, no new fashions. They have
dragged old Mademoiselle Le Maure out of a retreat of thirty
years, to sing at the Colis`ee, which is a most gaudy Ranelagh,
gilt, painted, and becupided like an Opera, but not calculated
to last as long as Mother Coliseum, being composed of chalk and
pasteboard. Round it are courts of treillage, that serve for
nothing, and behind it a canal, very like a horsepond, on which
there are fireworks and justs. Altogether it is very pretty;
but as there are few nabobs and nabobesses in this country, and
as the middling and common people are not much richer than Job
when he had lost every thing but his patience, the proprietors
are on the point of being ruined, unless the project takes
place that is talked of. It is, to oblige Corneille, Racine,
and Moli`ere to hold their tongues twice a-week, that their
audiences may go to the Colis`ee. This is like our
Parliament's adjourning when senators want to go to Newmarket.
There is a Monsieur Gaillard writing a "History of the
Rivalit`e de la France et de l'Angleterre."(50) I hope he will
not omit this parallel.
The instance of their poverty that strikes me most, who make
political observations by the thermometer of baubles, is, that
there is nothing new in their shops. I know the faces of every
snuff-box and every tea-cup as well as those of Madame du Lac
and Monsieur Poirier. I have chosen some cups and saucers for
my Lady Ailesbury, as she ordered me; but I cannot say they are
at all extraordinary. I have bespoken two cabriolets for her,
instead of six, because I think them very dear, and that she
may have four more if she likes them. I shall bring, too, a
sample of a baguette that suits them. For myself, between
economy and the want of novelty, I have not laid out five
guineas--a very memorable anecdote in the history of my life.
Indeed, the Czarina and I have a little dispute; she has
offered to purchase the whole Crozat collection of pictures, at
which I had intended to ruin myself. The Turks thank her for
it! Apropos, they are sending from hence fourscore officers to
Poland, each of whom I suppose, like Almanzor, can stamp with
his foot and raise an army.
As my sister travels like a Tartar princess with her whole
horde, she will arrive too late almost for me to hear from you
in return to this letter, which in truth requires no answer,
v`u que I shall set out myself on the 26th of August. You will
not imagine that I am glad to save myself the pleasure of
hearing from you; but I would not give you the trouble of
writing unnecessarily. If you are at home, and not in
Scotland, you will judge by these dates where to find me.
Adieu!
P. S. Instead of restoring the Jesuits, they are proceeding to
annihilate the Celestines, Augustines, and some other orders.
(44) The country palaces of the Duke of Orleans and the Prince
of Cond`e; who were in disgrace at court for having espoused
the cause of the Parliament of Paris, banished by the
Chancellor Maupeou.
(45) The country seat of the Duc de Choiseul, to which, on his
ceasing to be first minister, he was banished by the King.
(46) The following `echantillon of these vaudevilles was given
by Madame du Deffand to Walpole:--
"L'avez-vous vue, ma Du Barry,
Elle a ravi mon `ame;
Pour elle j'ai perdu l'esprit,
Des Fran`cais j'ai le bl`ame:
Charmants enfans de la Gourdon,
Est-elle chez vous maintenant?
Rendez-la-moi,
Je suis le Roi,
Soulagez mon martyre;
Rendez-la-moi,
Elle est `a moi,
Je suis son pauvre Sire.
Llavez-vous vue, etc.
"Je sais qu'autrefois les laquais
Ont f`et`e ses jeunes attraits;
Que les cochers,
Les peruquiers,
L'aimaient, l'aimaient d'amour ex`eme,
Mais pas autant que je l'aime.
L'avez-vous vue," etc,-E.
(47) Maupeou.
(48) Madame du Barry.'''
(49) The Abb`e Terrai was comptroller-general of the finances.
His mistress, known in the fashionable circles of Paris by the
name of La Sultane, received money, as it was supposed, in
concert with the Abb`e himself, for every act of favour or
justice solicited from the department over which he presided.-E.
(50) In a letter to Walpole, Madame du Deffand thus speaks of
this work:--"Il m'arrive une bonne fortune apr`es laquelle je
soupirais depuis longtemps: c'est un livre qui me plait
infiniment; il est de M. Gaillard; il a Pour titre 'Rivalit`e
de la France et de l'Angleterre;' il est par chapitres, et
chaque chapitre est les `ev`enemens du r`egne d'un Roi de
France et d'un Roi d'Angleterre contemporains. Il est bien
loin d'`etre fini; il n'en est qu'a Philippe de Valois et
Edouard Trois. Il n'y a que trois volumes; il y en aura
peut-`etre douze ou quinze." The work, which was not completed
till the year 1774, extended to eleven Volumes.-E.
Letter 31 To John Chute, Esq.
Paris, August 5, 1771. ((page 55)
It is a great satisfaction to Me to find by your letter of the
30th, that you have had no return of your gout. I have been
assured here, that the best remedy is to cut one's nails in hot
water. It is, I fear, as certain as any other remedy! It
would at least be so here, if their bodies were of a piece with
their understandings; or if both were as curable as they are
the contrary. Your prophecy, I doubt, is not better founded
than the prescription. I may be lame; but I shall never be a
duck, nor deal in the garbage of the Alley. I envy your
Strawberry tide, and need not say how much I wish I was there
to receive you. Methinks, I should be as glad of a little
grass, as a seaman after a long voyage. Yet English gardening
gains ground here prodigiously-not much at a time, indeed--I
have literally seen one, that is exactly like a tailor's paper
of patterns. There is a Monsieur Boutin, who has tacked a
piece of what he calls an English garden to a set of stone
terraces, with steps of turf. There are three or four very
high hills, almost as high as, and exactly in the shape of, a
tansy pudding. You squeeze between these and a river, that is
conducted at obtuse angles in a stone channel, and supplied by
a pump, and when walnuts Come in I suppose it will be
navigable. In a corner enclosed by a chalk wall are the
samples I mentioned: there is a stripe of grass, another of
corn, and a third en friche, exactly in the order of beds in a
nursery. They have translated Mr. Whately's book,(51) and the
Lord knows what barbarism is going to be laid at our door.
This new anglomanie will literally be mad English.
New arr`ets, new retrenchments, new misery, stalk forth every
day. The Parliament of Besan`con is dissolved; so are the
grenadiers de France. The King's tradesmen are all bankrupt;
no pensions are paid, and every body is reforming their suppers
and equipages. Despotism makes converts faster than ever
Christianity did. Louis Quinze is the true rex
Ckristianissimus, and has ten times more success than his
dragooning great-grandfather. Adieu, my dear Sir! Yours most
faithfully.
Friday, 9th.
This was to have gone by a private hand, but cannot depart till
Monday; so I may be continuing my letter till I bring it
myself. I have been again at the Chartreuse; and though it was
the sixth time, I am more enchanted with those paintings(52)
than ever. If it is not the first work in the world, and must
yield to the Vatican, yet in simplicity and harmony it beats
Raphael himself. There is a vapour over all the pictures, that
makes them more natural than any representation of objects-1
cannot conceive bow it is effected! You see them through the
shine of a southeast wind. These poor folks do not know the
inestimable treasure they possess--but they are perishing these
pictures, and one gazes at them as at a setting sun. There is
the purity of a Racine in them, but they give me more pleasure-
-and I should much sooner be tired of the poet than of the
painter.
It is very singular that I have not half the satisfaction in
going into C, churches and convents that I used to have. The
consciousness that the vision is dispelled, the want of fervour
so obvious in the religious, the solitude that one knows
proceeds from contempt, not from contemplation, make those
places appear like abandoned theatres destined to destruction.
The monks trot about as if they had not long to stay there; and
what used to be the holy gloom is now but dirt and darkness.
There is no more deception than in a tragedy acted by
candlesnuffers. One is sorry to think that an empire of common
sense would not be very picturesque; for, as there is nothing
but taste that can compensate for the imagination of madness, I
doubt there will never be twenty men of taste for twenty
thousand madmen. The world will no more see Athens, Rome, and
the Medici again, than a succession of five good emperors, like
Nerva, Trajan, Adrian, and the two Antonines.
August 13.
Mr. Edmonson called on me; and, as he sets on to-morrow, I can
safely trust my letter to him. I have, I own,, been much
shocked at reading Gray's(53) death in the papers. 'Tis an
hour that makes one forget any subject of complaint, especially
towards one with whom I lived in friendship from thirteen years
old. As self lies so rooted in self, no doubt the nearness of
our ages made the stroke recoil to my own breast; and having so
little expected his death, it is Plain how little I expect my
own. Yet to you, who of all men living are the most forgiving,
I need not excuse the concern I feel. I fear most men ought to
apologize for their want of feeling, instead of palliating that
sensation when they have it. I thought that what I had seen of
the world had hardened my heart; but I find that it had formed
my language, not extinguished my tenderness. In short, I am
really shocked--nay, I am hurt at my own weakness, as I
perceive that when I love any body, it is for my life; and I
have had too Much reason not to wish that such a disposition
may very seldom be put to the trial.(54) You, at least, are
the only person to whom I would venture to make such a
confession.
Adieu! my dear Sir! Let me know when I arrive, which will be
about the last day of the month, when I am likely to see YOU.
I have much to say to you. Of being here I am most heartily
tired, and nothing but the dear old woman should keep me here
an hour-I am weary of them to death-but that is not new! Yours
ever.
(51) Entitled "An Essay on Design in Gardening," Mr. Whately
was at this time under-secretary of state, and member for
Castle Rising. In January, 1772, he was made keeper of the
King's private roads, gates, and bridges, and died in the June
following.-E.
(52) The Life of St. Bruno, painted by Le Soeur, in the
cloister of the Chartreuse.
(53) On the 24th of July," says Mr. Mitford, "Gray, while at
dinner in the college hall, was seized with an attack of the
gout in his stomach. The violence of the disease resisted all
the powers of medicine: on the 29th he was seized with
convulsions, which returned more violently on the 30th; and he
expired on the evening of that day, in the fifty-fifth year of
his age." Works, Vol. i, P. lvi-E.
(54) "It will appear from this and the two following letters,"
observes Mr. Mitford, "that Walpole's affection and friendship
for Gray was warm and sincere after the reconcilement took
place; and indeed, before that, and immediately after the
quarrel, I believe his regard for Gray was undiminished."
Works, vol. iv. p. 2 12-E.
Letter 32 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Paris, August 11, 1771. (page 57)
You will have seen, I hope, before now, that I have not
neglected writing to you. I sent you a letter by my sister,
but doubt she has been a great while upon the road, as they
travel with a large family. I was not sure where you was, and
would not write at random by the post.
I was just going out when I received yours and the newspapers.
I was struck in a most sensible manner, when, after reading
your letter, I saw in the newspapers that Gray is dead! So very
ancient an intimacy(55) and, I suppose, the natural reflection
to self on losing a person but a year older, made me absolutely
start in my chair. It seemed more a corporal than a mental
blow; and yet I am exceedingly concerned for him, and every
body must be so for the loss of such a genius. He called on me
but two or three days before I came hither; he complained of
being ill, and talked of the gout in his stomach--but I
expected his death no more than my own--and yet the same death
will probably be mine.(56) I am full of all these
reflections-but shall not attrist you with them: only do not
wonder that my letter will be short, when my mind is full of
what I do not give vent to. It was but last night that I was
thinking how few persons last, if one lives to be old, to whom
one can talk without reserve. It is impossible to be intimate
with the Young, because they and the old cannot converse on the
same common topics; and of the old that survive, there are few
one can commence a friendship with, because one has probably
all one's life despised their heart or their understandings.
These are the steps through which one passes to the unenviable
lees of life!
I am very sorry for the state of poor Lady Beauchamp. It
presages ill. She had a prospect of long happiness. Opium is
a very false friend. I will get you Bougainville's book.(57)
I think it is on the Falkland Isles, for it cannot be on those
just discovered; but as I set out to-morrow se'nnight, and
probably may have no opportunity sooner of sending it, I will
bring it myself. Adieu! Yours ever.
(55) It will b recollected, that General Conway travelled with
Gray and Walpole in 1739, and separated from them at Geneva.-E.
(56) Gray's last letter to Walpole was dated March 17, 1771; it
contained the following striking passage:--"He must have a very
strong stomach that can digest the crambe recocta of Voltaire.
Atheism is a vile dish, though all the cooks of France combine
to make new sauces to it. As to the soul, perhaps they may
have none on the Continent; but I do think we have such things
in England; Shakspeare, for example, I believe, had several to
his own share. As to the Jews (though they do not eat pork), I
like them, because they are better Christians than Voltaire."
Works vol. iv. p. 190.-E.
(57) An English translation of the book appeared in 1773, under
the title of "History of a Voyage to the Malonine, or Falkland
Islands, made in 1763 and 1764, under the command of M. de
Bougainville; and of two Voyages to the Straits of Magellan,
with an account of the Patagonians; translated from Don
Pernety's Historical Journal, written in French." In the same
year was published a translation of Bougainville's "Voyage
autour du Monde." This celebrated circumnavigator retired from
the service in 1790. He afterwards was made Count and Senator
by Napoleon Buonaparte, became member of the National Institute
and of the Royal Society of London, and died at Paris in 1811,
at the age of eighty-two.-E.
Letter 33 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Paris, August 12, 1771. (page 53)
I am excessively shocked at reading in the papers that Mr. Gray
is dead! I wish to God you may be able to tell me it is not
true! Yet in this painful uncertainty I must rest some days!
None of my acquaintance are in London--I do not know to whom to
apply but to you--alas! I fear in vain! Too many circumstances
speak it true!--the detail is exact;--a second paper arrived by
the same post, and does not contradict it--and, what is worse,
I saw him but four or five days before I came hither: he had
been to Kensington for the air, complained of the gout flying
about him, of sensations of it in his stomach: I, indeed,
thought him changed, and that he looked ill--still I had not
the least idea of his being in danger--I started up from my
chair when I read the paragraph--a cannon-ball would not have
surprised me more! The shock but ceased, to give way to my
concern; and my hopes are too ill-founded to mitigate it. If
nobody has the charity to write to me, my anxiety must continue
till the end of the month, for I shall set out on my return on
the 26th; and unless you receive this time enough for your
answer to leave London on the 20th, in the evening, I cannot
meet it till I find it in Arlington-street, whither I beg you
to direct it.
If the event is but too true, pray add to this melancholy
service, that of telling me any circumstance you know of his
death. Our long, very long friendship, and his genius, must
endear to me every thing that relates to him. What writings
has he left? Who are his executors?(58) I should earnestly
wish, if he has destined any thing to the public, to print it
at my press--it would do me honour, and would give me an
opportunity of expressing what I feel for him. Methinks, as we
grow old, our only business here is to adorn the graves of our
friends, or to dig our own! Adieu, dear Sir! Yours ever.
P. S. I heard this unhappy news but last night; and have just
been told, that Lord Edward Bentinck goes in haste to-morrow to
England; so that you will receive this much sooner than I
expected: still I must desire you to direct to
Arlington-street, as by far the surest conveyance to me.
(58) His executors were, Mason the poet and the Rev. Dr. Brown,
master of Pembroke Hall. "He hath desired," wrote Dr. Brown to
Dr. Wharton, "to be buried near his mother, at Stoke, near
Windsor, and that one of his executors would see him laid in
the grave; a melancholy task, which must come to my share, for
Mr. Mason is not here." Works, vol. iv. p. 206.-E.
Letter 34 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Paris, August 25, 1771. (page 59)
I have passed my biennial six weeks here, my dear lord, and am
preparing to return as soon as the weather will allow me. It
is some comfort to the patriot virtue, envy, to find this
climate worse than our own. There were four very hot days at
the end of last month, which, you know, with us northern people
compose a summer: it has rained half this, and for these three
days there has been a deluge, a storm, and extreme cold. Yet
these folks shiver in silk, and sit with their Windows open
till supper-time. Indeed, firing is very dear, and nabobs very
scarce. Economy and retrenchment are the words in fashion, and
are founded in a little more than caprice. I have heard no
instance of luxury but in Mademoiselle Guimard, a favourite
dancer, who is building a palace: round the salle `a manger
there are windows that open upon hot-houses, that are to
produce flowers all winter. That is worthy of * * * * * *.
There is a finer dancer, whom Mr. Hobart is to transplant to
London; a Mademoiselle Heinel or Ingle, a Fleming.(59) She is
tall, perfectly made, very handsome, and has a set of attitudes
copied from the classics. She moves as gracefully slow as
Pygmalion's statue when it was Coming to life, and moves her
leg round as imperceptibly as if she was dancing in the zodiac.
But she is not Virgo.
They make no more of breaking parliaments here than an English
mob does of breaking windows. It is pity people are so
ill-sorted. If this King and ours could cross over and figure
in, Louis XV. would dissolve our parliament if Polly Jones did
but say a word to him. They have got into such a habit of it
here, that you would think a parliament was a polypus: they cut
it in two, and by next morning half of it becomes a whole
assembly. This has literally been the case at Besan`con.(60)
Lord and Lady Barrymore, who are in the highest favour at
Compiegne, will be able to carry over the receipt.
Everybody feels in their own way. My grief is to see the
ruinous Condition of the palaces and pictures. I was yesterday
at the Louvre. Le Brun's noble gallery, where the battles of
Alexander are, and of which he designed the ceiling, and even
the shutters, bolts, and locks, is in a worse condition than
the old gallery at Somerset-house. It rains in upon the
pictures, though there are stores of much more valuable pieces
than those of Le Brun. Heaps of glorious works by Raphael and
all the great masters are piled up and equally neglected at
Versailles. Their care is not less destructive in private
houses. The Duke of Orleans' pictures and the Prince of
Monaco's have been cleaned, and varnished so thick that you May
see your face in them; and some of them have been transported
from board to cloth, bit by bit, and the seams filled up with
colour; so that in ten years they will not be worth sixpence.
It makes me as peevish as if I was posterity! I hope your
lordship's works will last longer than these of Louis XIV. The
glories of his si`ecle hasten fast to their end, and little
will remain but those of his authors.
(59) "It was at this time," says Dr. Burney, "that dancing
seemed first to gain the ascendant over music, by the superior
talents of Mademoiselle Heinel, whose grace and execution were
so perfect as to eclipse all other excellence. Crowds
assembled at the Opera-house, more for the gratification of the
eye than the ear; for neither the invention of a new composer,
nor the talents of new singers, attracted the public to the
theatre, which was almost abandoned till the arrival of this
lady, whose extraordinary merit had an extraordinary
recompense; for, besides the six hundred pounds' salary allowed
her by the Honourable Mr. Hobart, as manager, she was
complimented with a regallo of six hundred more from the
Maccaroni Club. 'E molto particulare,' said Cocchi, the
Composer; 'ma quei Inglesi non fanno conto d'alcuna cosa se non
ben pagata:' It is very extraordinary that the English set no
value upon any thing but what they pay an exorbitant price
for."-E.
(60) The Parliaments of Besan`con, Bourdeaux,
Toulouse and Britany, were, in succession, totally suppressed
by Louis XV. New courts were assembled in their stead; most of
the former members being sent into banishment.-E.
Letter 35 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, Sept. 7, 1771. (page 61)
I arrived yesterday,(61) within an hour or two after you was
gone, which mortified me exceedingly: Lord knows when I shall
see you. You are so active and so busy, and cast bullets(62)
and build bridges, are pontifex maximus, and, like Sir John
Thorold or Cimon, triumph over land and wave,
that one can never get a word with you. Yet I am very well
worth a general's or a politician's ear. I have been deep in
all the secrets of France, and confidant of some of the
principals of both parties. I know what is, and is to be,
though I am neither priest nor conjuror -and have heard a vast
deal about breaking carabiniers and grenadiers; though, as
usual, I dare say I shall give a woful account of both. The
worst part is, that by the most horrid oppression and injustice
their finances will very soon be in good order-unless some
bankrupt turns Ravaillac, which will not surprise me. The
horror the nation has conceived of the King and Chancellor
makes it probable that the latter, at least, will be
sacrificed. He seems not to be without apprehension, and has
removed from the King's library a MS. trial of a chancellor
who was condemned to be hanged under Charles VII. For the
King, qui a fait ses `epreuves, and not to his honour, you will
not wonder that he lives in terrors.
I have executed all Lady Ailesbury's commissions; but mind, I
do not commission you to tell her, for you would certainly
forget it. As you will, no doubt, come to town to report who
burnt Portsmouth;(63) I will meet you here, if I am apprised of
the day. Your niece's marriage,(64) pleases me extremely.
Though I never saw him till last night, I know a great deal of
her future husband, and like his character. His person is much
better than I expected, and far preferable to many of the fine
young moderns. He is better than Sir Watkin Williams Wynne, at
least as well as the Duke of Devonshire, and Adonis compared to
the charming Mr. Fitzpatrick. Adieu!
(61) Mr. Walpole arrived at Paris on the '10th of July, and
left it on the 2d of September-E.
(62) Mr. Conway was now at the head of the ordnance, but with
the title and appointments of lieutenant-general only. The
particular circumstances attending this are thus recorded in a
letter from Mr. Walpole to another correspondent at the time
(January 1770), and deserve to be known:--"The King offered the
mastership of the ordnance, on Lord Granby's resignation, to
Mr. Conway, who is only lieutenant-general of it: he said he
had lived in friendship with Lord Granby, and would not profit
by his spoils; but, as he thought he could do some essential
service in the office, where there were many abuses, if his
Majesty would be pleased to let him continue as he is, be would
do the business of the office without accepting the salary."-E.
(63) On the 27th of July, a fire had broken out in the dockyard
at Portsmouth, which, as it might be highly prejudicial to the
country at that period, excited universal alarm. The loss
sustained by it, which at first was supposed to be half a
million, is said to have been about one hundred and fifty
thousand pounds.-E.
(64) The marriage of Lady Gertrude Seymour Conway to Lord
Villiers, afterwards Earl of Grandison.
Letter 36 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 10, 1771. (page 62)
However melancholy the occasion is, I can but give you a
thousand thanks, dear Sir-., for the kind trouble you have
taken, and the information you have given me about poor Mr.
Gray. I received your first letter at Paris; the last I found
at my house in town, where I arrived only on Friday last. The
circumstance of the professor refusing to rise in the night and
visit him, adds to the shock. Who is that true professor of
physic? Jesus! is their absence to murder as well as their
presence?
I have not heard from Mr. Mason, but I have written to him. Be
so good as to tell the Master at Pembroke,(65) though I have
not the honour of knowing him, how sensible I am of his
proposed attention to me, and how much I feel for him in losing
a friend of so excellent a genius. Nothing will allay my own
concern like seeing any of his compositions that I have not yet
seen. It is buying them too dear--but when the author is
irreparably lost, the produce of his Mind is the next best
possession. I have offered my press to Mr. Mason, and hope it
will be accepted.
Many thanks for the cross, dear Sir; it is precisely what I
wished. I hope you and Mr. Essex preserve your resolution of
passing a few days here between this and Christmas. Just at
present I am not My own master, having stepped into the middle
of a sudden match in my own family. Lord Hertford is going to
marry his third daughter to Lord Villiers, son of Lady
Grandison, the present wife of Sir Charles Montagu. We are all
felicity, and in a round of dinners. I am this minute returned
from Beaumont-lodge, at Old Windsor, where Sir Charles
Grandison lives. I will let you know, if the papers do not,
when our festivities are subsided.
I shall receive with gratitude from Mr. Tyson either drawing or
etching of our departed friend; but wish not to have it
inscribed to me, as it is an honour, more justly due to Mr.
Stonehewer. If the Master of Pembroke will accept a copy of a
small picture I have of Mr. Gray, painted soon after the
publication of his Ode on Eton, it shall be at his service--and
after his death I beg, it may be bequeathed to his college.
Adieu!
(65) Dr. James Brown. Gray used to call him "le petit bon
homme;" and Cole, in his Athene Cantab, says of him--"He is a
very worthy man, a good scholar, small, and short-sighted." In
the Chatham Correspondence there will be found an interesting
letter from the Master of Pembroke to Lord Chatham, in which he
thus speaks of his illustrious son, the future minister of this
country: " Notwithsanding the illness of your son, I have
myself seen, and have heard enough from his tutors, to be
convinced both of his extraordinary genius and most amiable
disposition. He promises fair, indeed to be one of those
extraordinary persons whose eminent parts, equalled by as
eminent industry, continue in a progressive state throughout
their lives; such persons appear to be formed by Heaven to
assist and bless mankind." Vol. iv. p. 311.-E.
Letter 37 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 12, 1771. (page 63)
Dear Sir,
As our wedding will not be so soon as I expected, and as I
should be unwilling You Should take a journey in bad weather, I
wish it may be convenient to you and Mr. Essex to come hither
on the 25th day of this present month. If one can depend on
any season, it is on the chill suns of October, which, like an
elderly beauty, are less capricious than spring or summer. Our
old-fashioned October, you know, reached eleven days into
modern November, and I still depend on that reckoning, when I
have a mind to protract the year.
Lord Ossory is charmed with Mr. Essex's cross(66) and wishes
much to consult him on the proportions. Lord Ossory has taken a
small house very near mine; is now, and will be here again,
after Newmarket. He is determined to erect it at Ampthill, and
I have written the following lines to record the reason:
In days of old here Ampthill's towers were seen;
The mournful refuge of an injured queen.
Here flowed her pure, but unavailing tears;
Here blinded zeal sustain'd her sinking years.
Yet Freedom hence-her radiant banners waved,
And love avenged a realm by priests enslaved.
From Catherine's wrongs a nation's bliss was spread,
And Luther's light from Henry's lawless bed,
I hope the satire on Henry VIII. will make you excuse the
compliment to Luther, Which, like most poetic compliments, does
not come from my heart. I only like him better than Henry,
Calvin, and the Church of Rome, who were bloody persecutors.
Calvin was an execrable villain, and the worst of all; for he
copied those whom he pretended to correct. Luther was as
jovial as Wilkes, and served the cause of liberty without
canting. Yours most sincerely.
(66) Mr. Cole applied to Mr. Essex, who furnished a design for
the cross, which was followed.
Letter 38 To The Rev Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 23, 1771. (page 63)
I am sorry, dear Sir, that I cannot say your answer is as
agreeable and entertaining as you flatter me my letter was; but
consider, you are prevented coming to me, and have flying pains
of rheumatism--either were sufficient to spoil your letter.
I am sure of being here till to-morrow se'nnight, the last of
this month; consequently I may hope to see Mr. Essex here on
Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday next. After that I cannot answer
for myself, on account of our wedding, which depends on the
return of a courier from Ireland. If I can command any days
certain in November, I will give you notice: and yet I shall
have a scruple of dragging you so far from home at such a
season. I will leave it to your option, only begging you to be
assured that I shall always be most happy to see you.
I am making a very curious purchase at Paris, the complete
armour of Francis the First. It is gilt, in relief, and is
very rich and beautiful. It comes out of the Crozat
collection.(67) I am building a small chapel, too, in my
garden, to receive two valuable pieces of antiquity, and which
have been presents singularly lucky for me. They are the
window from Bexhill, with the portraits of Henry III. and his
Queen, procured for me by Lord Ashburnham. The other, great
part of the tomb of Capoccio, mentioned in my Anecdotes of
Painting on the subject of the Confessor's shrine, and sent to
me from Rome by Mr. Hamilton, our minister at Naples. It is
very extraordinary that I should happen to be master of these
curiosities. After next summer, by which time my castle and
collection will be complete (for if I buy more I must build
another castle for another collection), I propose to form
another catalogue and description, and shall take the liberty
to call on you for your assistance. In the mean time there is
enough new to divert you at present.
(67) This curiosity was at first estimated at a thousand
crowns, but Madame du Deffand finally purchased it for Walpole
for fifty louis. "Ce bijou," she says, "me parait un peu cher
et ressemble beaucoup aux casques du Ch`ateau d,Otrante: si
vous persistez `a le d`esirer, je le payerai, je le ferai
encaisser et Partir sur le champ. C'est certainement une
pi`ece tr`es belle et tr`es rare, mais infiniment ch`ere."-E.
Letter 39 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Late Strawberry Hill, Jan. 7, 1772. (page 64)
You have read of my calamity without knowing it, and will pity
me when you do. I have been blown up; my castle is blown up;
Guy Fawkes has been about my house: and the 5th of November has
fallen on the 6th of January! In short, nine thousand
powder-mills broke loose yesterday morning on
Hounslow-heath;(68) a whole squadron of them came hither, and
have broken eight of my painted-glass windows; and the north
side of the castle looks as if it had stood a siege. The two
saints in the hall have suffered martyrdom! they have had their
bodies cut off, and nothing remains but their heads. The two
next great sufferers are indeed two of the least valuable,
being the passage-windows to the library and great parlour--a
fine pane is demolished in the round-room; and the window by
the gallery is damaged. Those in the cabinet, and
Holbein-room, and gallery, and blue-room, and green-closet,
etc. have escaped. As the storm came from the northwest, the
china-closet was not touched, nor a cup fell down. The
bow-window of brave old coloured glass, at Mr. Hindley's, is
massacred; and all the north sides of Twickenham and Brentford
are shattered. At London it was proclaimed an earthquake, and
half the inhabitants ran into the street.
As lieutenant-general of the ordnance, I must beseech you to
give strict order that no more powder-mills may blow up. My
aunt, Mrs. Kerwood, reading one day in the papers that a
distiller's had been burnt by the head of the still flying off,
said, she wondered they did not make an act of parliament
against the heads of stills flying off. Now, I hold it much
easier for you to do a body this service; and would recommend
to your consideration whether it would not be prudent to have
all magazines of powder kept under water till they are wanted
for service. In the mean time, I expect a pension to make me
amends for what I have suffered under the government. Adieu!
Yours.
(68) Three powder-mills blew up on Hounslow-heath, on the 6th
of January, when such was the violence of the explosion that it
was felt not only in the metropolis, but as far as Gloucester,
and was very generally mistaken for the shock of an
earthquake.-E.
Letter 40 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Jan. 28, 1772. (page 65)
It is long indeed, dear Sir, since we corresponded. I should
not have been silent if I had had any thing worth telling you
in your way: but I grow such an antiquity myself, that I think
I am less fond of what remains of our predecessors.
I thank you for Bannerman's proposal; I mean, for taking the
trouble to send it, for I am not at all disposed to subscribe.
I thank you more for the note on King Edward; I mean, too, for
your friendship in thinking of me. Of Dean Milles I cannot
trouble myself to think any more. His piece is at Strawberry:
perhaps I may look at it for the sake of your note. The bad
weather keeps me in town, and a good deal at home; which I find
very comfortable, literally practising what so many persons
pretend they intend, being quiet and enjoying my fireside in my
elderly days.
Mr. Mason has shown me the relics of poor Mr. Gray. I am sadly
disappointed at finding them so very inconsiderable. He always
persisted, when I inquired about his writings, that he had
nothing by him. I own I doubted. I am grieved he was so very
near exact--I speak of my own satisfaction; as to his genius,
what he published during his life will establish his fame as
long as our language lasts, and there is a man of genius left.
There is a silly fellow, I do not know who, that has published
a volume of Letters on the English Nation, With characters of
our modern authors. He has talked such nonsense On Mr. Gray,
that I have no patience with the compliments he has paid me.
He must have an excellent taste; and gives me a woful opinion
of my own trifles, when he likes them, and cannot see the
beauties of a poet that ought to be ranked in the first line.
I am more humbled by any applause in the present age, than by
hosts of such critics as Dean Milles. Is not Garrick reckoned
a tolerable author, though he has proved how little sense is
necessary to form a great actor'? His Cymon, his prologues and
epilogues, and forty such pieces of trash, are below
mediocrity, and yet delight the mob in the boxes as well as in
the footman's gallery. I do not mention the things written in
his praise; because he writes most Of them himself! But you
know any one popular merit can confer all merit. Two women
talking Of Wilkes, one said he squinted--t'other replied,
"Squints!--well, if he does, it is not more than a man should
squint." For my part, I can see how extremely well Garrick
acts, without thinking him six feet high. It is said
Shakspeare was a bad actor; why do not his divine plays make
our wise judges conclude that he was a good one? They have not
a proof of the contrary, as they have in Garrick's works--but
what is it to you or me what he is? We may see him act with
pleasure, and nothing obliges us to read his writings.(69)
(69) The best defence of Garrick against the charges which
Walpole so repeatedly brings against him will be found in the
estimation in which he was held by the most distinguished of
his contemporaries. His friend Dr. Johnson thought well of'
his talent in prologue writing: "Dryden," he said, "has written
prologues superior to any that David has written; but David has
written more good prologues than Dryden has done. It is
wonderful that he has been able to write such variety of them.
A true conception of character and natural expression of it,
were his distinguished excellences; but I thought him less to
be envied on the stage than at the head of a table. He was the
first man in the world for sprightly conversation."-E.
Letter 41 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, June 9, 1772. (page 66)
Dear sir,
The preceding paper(70) was given me by a gentleman, who has a
better opinion of my bookhood than I deserve. I could give him
no satisfaction, but told him, I would get inquiry made at
Cambridge for the pieces he wants. If you can give any
assistance in this chase, I am sure you will: as it will be
trouble enough, I will not make my letter longer.
(70) This letter enclosed some queries from a gentleman abroad,
respecting books, etc. relating to the order of Malta.
Letter 42 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 17, 1772. (page 66)
Dear sir,
You are a mine that answers beyond those of Peru. I have given
the treasure you sent me to the gentleman from whom I had the
queries. He is vastly obliged to you, and I am sure so am I,
for the trouble you have given yourself"and, therefore I am
going to give you more. King Edward's Letters are printed.(71)
Shall I keep them for you or send them, and how? I intend you
four copies--shall you want more? Lord Ossory takes a hundred,
and I have as many; but none will be sold.
I am out of materials for my press. I am thinking of printing
some numbers of miscellaneous MSS. from my own and Mr. Gray's
collection. If you have any among your stores that are
historic, new and curious, and like to have them printed, I
shall be glad of them. Among Gray's are letters of Sir Thomas
Wyat the elder.(72) I am sure you must have a thousand hints
about him. If you will send them to me I will do you justice;
as you will see I have in King Edward's Letters. Do you know
any thing of his son,(73) the insurgent, in Queen Mary's reign?
I do not know whether it was not to Payne the bookseller, but I
am sure I gave somebody a very few notes to the British
Topography. They were indeed of very little consequence.
I have got to-day, and am reading with entertainment, two vols.
in octavo, the Lives of Leland, Hearne, and Antony Wood.,(74)
I do not know the author, but he is of Oxford. I think you
should add that of your friend Brown Willis.(75) There is a
queer piece on Freemasonry in one of the volumes, said to be
written, on very slender authority, by Henry VI. with notes by
Mr. Locke: a very odd conjunction! It says that Arts were
brought from the East by Peter Gower. As I am sure you will
not find an account of this singular person in all your
collections, be it known to you, that Peter Gower was commonly
called Pythagoras. I remember our newspapers insisting that
Thomas Kouli Khan was an Irishman, and that his true name was
Thomas Callaghan.
On reading over my letter, I find I am no sceptic, having
affirmed no less than four times, that I am sure. Though this
is extremely awkward, I am sure I will not write my letter over
again; so pray excuse or burn my tautology.
P. S. I had like to have forgotten the most obliging, and to me
the most interesting part of your letter-your kind offer of
coming hither. I accept it most gladly; but, for reasons I
will tell you, wish it may be deferred a little. I am going to
Park-place (General Conway's), then to Ampthill (Lord
Ossory's), and then to Goodwood (Duke of Richmond's); and the
beginning of August to Wentworth Castle (Marquis of
Rockingham's); so that I shall not be at all settled here till
the end of the latter month. But I have a stronger reason. By
that time will be finished a delightful chapel I am building in
my garden, to contain the shrine of Capoccio, and the Window
with Henry III. and his Queen. My new bedchamber will be
finished too, which is now all in litter: and, besides,
September is a quiet month; visits to make or receive are over,
and the troublesome go to shoot partridges. If that time suits
you, pray assure me I shall see you on the first of September.
(71) "Copies of seven original Letters from King Edward VI. to
Barnaby Fitzpatrick." Strawberry Hill, 1772.-E.
(72) He was the contemporary and friend of Surrey, and was
accused by Henry VIII. of being the paramour of Anne Boleyn;
but the King's suspicion dying away, he was appointed, in 1537,
Henry's ambassador to the Emperor. His poems have recently
been published in the Aldine edition of the Poets; and in the
Biographical Preface to them are included some of his admirable
letters.-E.
(73) Sir Thomas Wyatt "the younger," son of the preceding, who
is presumed to have received that designation from having been
knighted in the lifetime of his father. Having joined in the
effort to place Lady Jane Grey on the throne, he was condemned
and executed for high treason, on the 11th of April 1554.-E.
(74) The editor was W. Huddersford, fellow of Trinity
College.-E.
(74) Browne Willis, the antiquary, and author of "A Survey of
the Cathedrals of England;" "Notitia Parliamentaria," etc. He
was born at Blandford in 1682, and died in February 1760. Dr.
Ducarel printed privately, immediately after his death, a small
quarto pamphlet, entitled " Some Account Of Browne Willis, Esq.
LL. D." One of Willis's peculiarities was his fondness for
visiting cathedrals on the saints, days to which they were
dedicated.-E.
Letter 43 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Monday, June 22, 1772. (page 68)
It is lucky that I have had no dealings with Mr. Fordyce;(75)
for, if he had ruined me, as he has half the world, I could not
have run away. I tired myself with walking on Friday: the gout
came on Saturday in my foot; yesterday I kept my bed till four
o'clock, and my room all day-but, with wrapping myself all over
with bootikins, have scarce had any pain-my foot swelled
immediately, and today I am descended into the blueth and
greenth:(76) and though you expect to find that I am paving the
way to an excuse, I think I shall be able to be with you on
Saturday. All I intend to excuse myself from, is walking. I
should certainly never have the gout, if I had lost the use of
my feet. Cherubims that have no legs, and do nothing but stick
their chins in a cloud and sing, are never out of order.
Exercise is the worst thing in the world, and as bad an
invention as gunpowder.
Apropos to Mr. Fordyce, here is a passage ridiculously
applicable to him, that I met with yesterday in the letters of
Guy Patin: "Il n'y a pas long-temps qu'un auditeur des comptes
nomm`e Mons. Nivelle fit banqueroute; et tout fra`ichement,
c'est-`a-dire depuis trois jours, un tr`esorier des parties
casuelles, nomm`e SanSon, en a fait autant; et pour vous
montrer qu'il est vrai que res humanae faciunt circulum, comme
il a `et`e autrefois dit par Plato et par Aristote, celui-l`a
s'en retourne d'o`u il vient. Il est fils d'un paysan; il a
`et`e laquais de son premier m`etier, et aujourd'hui il n'est
plus rien, si non qu'il lui reste une assez belle femme."--I do
not think I can find in Patin or Plato, nay, nor in Aristotle,
though he wrote about every thing, a parallel case to Charles
Fox:(77) there are advertised to be sold more annuities of his
and his society, to the amount of five hundred thousand pounds
a-year! I wonder what he will do next, when he has sold the
estates of all his friends!
I have been reading the most delightful book in the world, the
Lives of Leland, Tom earne, and Antony Wood. The last's diary
makes a thick volume in octavo. One entry is, "This day Old
Joan began to make my bed." In the story of Leland is an
examination of a freemason, written by the hand of King Henry
VI., with notes by Mr. Locke. Freemasonry, Henry VI., and
Locke, make a strange heterogeneous olio; but that is not all.
The respondent, who defends the mystery of masonry, says it was
brought into Europe by the Venetians--he means the Phoenicians.
And who do you think propagated it? Why, one Peter Gore--And
who do you think that was?--One Pythagoras, Pythagore. I do
not know whether it is not still More extraordinary, that this
and the rest of the nonsense in that account made Mr. Locke
determine to be a freemason: so would I too, if I could expect
to hear of more Peter Gores.
Pray tell Lady Lyttelton that I say she will certainly kill
herself if she lets Lady Ailesbury drag her twice a-day to feed
the pheasants, and you make her climb cliffs and clamber over
mountains. She has a tractability that alarms me for her; and
if she does not pluck up a spirit, and determine never to be
put out of her own way, I do not know what may be the
Consequence. I will come and set her an example of
immovability. Take notice, I do not say one civil syllable to
Lady Ailesbury. She has not passed a whole day here these two
years. She is always very gracious, says she will come when
you will fix a time, as if you governed, and then puts it off
whenever it is proposed, nor will spare one Single day from
Park-place-as if other people were not as partial to their own
Park-places, Adieu! Yours ever.
Tuesday noon.
I wrote my letter last night; this morning I received yours,
and shall wait till Sunday, as you bid me, which will be more
convenient for my gout, though not for other engagements, but I
shall obey the superior, as nullum tempus occurrit regi et
podagrae.
(75) The greatest consternation prevailed at this time in the
metropolis, in consequence of the banking-house of Neale,
James, Fordyce, and Down having stopped payment. Fordyce was
bred a hosier in Aberdeen. For a memoir of him, see Gent. Mag.
vol. x1ii. p. 310.-E.
(76) Cant words of Walpole for blue and green. He means, that
he came out of his room to the blue sky and green fields.
(77) Gibbon, in a letter to Mr. Holroyd, of the 8th of
February, in reference to the recent debate in the House of
Commons, on the clerical petition for relief from subscription
to the Thirty-nine Articles, says--"I congratulate you on the
late victory of our dear Mamma, the Church of England. She had,
last Thursday, seventy-one rebellious sons, Who pretended to
set aside her will, on a account of insanity; but two hundred
and seventeen worthy champions, headed by Lord North, Burke,
Charles Fox, etc., though they allowed the thirty-nine clauses
of her testament were absurd and unreasonable, supported the
validity of it with infinite honour. By the bye, Charles Fox
prepared himself for that holy work by passing twenty-one hours
in the pious exercise of hazard; his devotions cost him only
about five hundred pounds an hour, in all, eleven thousand
pounds."-E.
Letter 44 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, July 7, 1772. (page 70)
Dear Sir,
I sent you last week by the Cambridge Fly, that puts up in
Gray's-inn-lane, six copies of King Edward's Letters, but fear
I forgot to direct their being left at Mr. Bentham's, by which
neglect perhaps you have not yet got them; so that I have been
very blamable, while I thought I was very expeditious; and it
was not till reading your letter again just now that I
discovered my carelessness.
I have not heard of Dr. Glynn, etc., but the housekeeper has
orders to receive them. I thank you a thousand times for the
Maltese notes, which I have given to the gentleman, and for the
Wyattiana: I am going to work on the latter.
I have not yet seen Mr. 's print, but am glad it is so like. I
expected Mr. Mason would have sent me one early; but I suppose
he keeps it for me, as I shall call on him in my way to Lord
Strafford's.
Mr. West,(78) one of our brother antiquaries, is dead. He had
a very curious collection of old pictures, English coins,
English prints, and manuscripts. But he was so rich, that I
take for granted nothing will be sold. I could wish for his
family pictures of Henry V. and Henry VIII.
Foote, in his new comedy of The Nabob, has lashed Master Doctor
Miles and our Society very deservedly for the nonsensical
discussion they had this winter about Whittington and his Cat.
Few of them are fit for any thing better than such researches.
Poor Mr. Granger has been very ill, but is almost recovered. I
intend to invite him to meet you in September. It is a party I
shall be very impatient for: you know how sincerely I am, dear
Sir, your obliged and Obedient humble servant.
(78) James West, Esq. He was for some time one of the
secretaries of the treasury, vice president of the Society of
Antiquaries, and president of the Royal Society. His curious
collection of manuscripts were purchased by the Earl of
Shelburne, and are now deposited in the British Museum.-E.
Letter 45 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, July 28, 1772. (page 70)
Dear Sir,
I am anew obliged to you, as I am perpetually, for the notice
you give me of another intended publication against me in the
Archaeologia, or Old Woman's Logic. By Your account, the
author will add much credit to their Society! For my part, I
shall take no notice of any of his handycrafts. However, as
there seems to be a willingness to carp at me, and as gnats may
on a sudden provoke one to give a slap, I choose to be at
liberty to say what I think Of the learned Society; and
therefore I have taken leave of them, having so good an
occasion presented as their council on Whittington and his Cat,
and the ridicule that Foote has thrown on them. They are
welcome to say any thing on my writings, but that they are the
works of a fellow of so foolish a Society.
I am at work on the Life of Sir Thomas Wyat, but it does not
please me; nor will it be entertaining, though you have
contributed so many materials towards it. You must take one
trouble more it is to inquire and search for a book that I want
to see. It is the Pilgrim; was written by William Thomas, who
was executed in Queen Mary's time; but the book was printed
under, and dedicated to, Edward VI. I have only an imperfect
memorandum of it, and cannot possibly recall to mind from
whence I made it. All I think I remember is, that the book was
in the King's library. I have sent to the Museum to inquire
after it; but I cannot find it mentioned in Ames's History of
English Printers. Be so good as to ask all your antiquarian
friends if they know such a work.
Amidst all your kindness, you have added one very disagreeable
paragraph:--I mean, you doubt about coming here in September.
Fear of a sore throat would be a reason for your never coming.
It is one of the distempers in the world the least to be
foreseen, and September, a dry month, one of the least likely
months to bring it. I do not like your recurring to so very
ill-founded an excuse, and positively will not accept it,
unless you wish I should not be so much as I an, dear Sir, Your
most faithful humble servant,
H. W.
Letter 46 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Aug. 25, 1772. (page 71)
Dear sir,
I thank YOU for your notices, dear Sir, and will deliver you
from the trouble of any further pursuit of the Peleryne of
Thomas. I have discovered him among the Cottonian MSS. in the
Museum, and am to see him.
If Dr. Browne is returned to Cambridge, may I beg you to give
him a thousand thanks for the present he left at my house, a
goarstone and a seal, that belonged to Mr. Gray. I shall lay
them up in my cabinet at Strawberry among my most valuables.
Dr. Browne, however, was not quite kind to me; for he left no
direction where to find him in town, so that I could not wait
upon him, nor invite him to Strawberry Hill, as I much wished
to do, Do not these words, "invite him to Strawberry," make
Your ears tingle? September is at hand, and You must have no
sore throat. The new chapel in the garden is almost finished,
and you must come to the dedication.
I have seen Lincoln and York, and to say the truth, prefer the
former in some respects. In truth, I was scandalized in the
latter. William of Hatfield's tomb and figure is thrown aside
into a hole: and yet the chapter possess an estate that his
mother gave them. I have charged Mr. Mason(79) with my
anathema, unless they do justice. I saw Roche Abbey, too;
which is hid in such a venerable chasm, that you might lie
concealed there even from a 'squire parson of the parish. Lord
Scarborough, to whom it belongs, and who lives at next door,
neglects it as much as if he was afraid of ghosts. I believe
Montesino's cave lay in just such a solemn thicket, which is
now so overgrown, that, when one finds the spot, one can scarce
find the ruins.
I forgot to tell you, that in the screen of York Minster there
are most curious statues of the Kings of England, from the
Conqueror to Henry VI.; very singular, evidently by two
different hands, the one better than the other, and most of
them I am persuaded, very authentic. Richard II., Henry III.,
and Henry V., I am sure are; and Henry Iv., though unlike the
common portrait at Hampton-court, in Herefordshire, the most
singular and villanous countenance I ever saw. I intend to try
to get them well engraved. That old fool, James I., is crowded
in, in the place of Henry VII., that was taken away to make
room for this piece of flattery; for the chapter did not slight
live princes. Yours ever.
(79) Mason was a residentiary of York cathedral; as well as
prebendary of Duffield, and rector of Aston.-E.
Letter 47 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, August 28, 1772. (page 72)
Dear Sir,
Your repentance is much more agreeable than your sin, and will
cancel it whenever you please. Still I have a fellow-feeling
for the indolence of age, and have myself been writing an
excuse this instant for not accepting an invitation above
threescore miles off. One's limbs, when they grow old, will
not go any where, when they do not like it. If yours should
find themselves in a more pliant humour, you are always sure of
being welcome here, let the fit of motion come when it will.
Pray what is become of that figure you mention of Henry VII.,
which the destroyers, not the builders have rejected? and which
the antiquaries, who know a man by his crown better than by his
face, have rejected likewise? The latter put me in mind of
characters in comedies, in which a woman disguised in man's
habit, and whose features her very lover does not know, is
immediately acknowledged by pulling off her hat, and letting
down her hair, which her lover had never seen before. I should
be glad to ask Dr. Milles, if he thinks the crown of England
was always made, like a quart pot, by Winchester measure? If
Mr. Tyson has made a print from that little statue, I trust he
will give me one; and if he, or Mr. Essex, or both, will
accompany you hither, I shall be glad to see them.
At Buckden, in the Bishop's palace, I saw a print of Mrs.
Newcome: I Suppose the late mistress of St. John's. Can you
tell me where I can procure one? Mind, I insist that you do
not serve me as you have often done, and send me your own, if
you have one. I seriously will not accept it, nor ever trust
you again. On the staircase, in the same palace, there is a
picture of two young men, in the manner of Vandyck, not at all
ill done; do you know who they are, or does any body? There is
a worse picture, in a large room, of some lads, which, too, the
housemaid did not know. Adieu! dear Sir, yours ever.
Letter 48To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Nov. 7, 1772. (page 73)
Dear Sir,
I did receive the print of Mrs. Newcome, for which I am
extremely obliged to you, with a thousand other favours, and
should certainly have thanked you for it long ago, but I was
then, an(I am now, confined to my bed with the gout in every
limb, and in almost every joint. I have not been out of my
bedchamber these five weeks to-day and last night the pain
returned violently into one of my feet; so that I am now
writing to you in a most uneasy posture, which will oblige me
to be very short.
Your letter, which I suppose was left at my house in Arlington
street by Mr. Essex, was brought to me this morning. I am
exceedingly sorry for his disappointment, and for his coming
without writing first; in which case I might have prevented his
journey. I do not know, even, whither to send to him, to tell
him how impossible it is for me just now, in my present painful
and hopeless situation, to be of any use to him. I am so weak
and faint, I do not see even my nearest relations, and God
knows how long it will be before I am able to bear company,
much less application. I have some thoughts, as soon as I am
able, of removing to Bath; so that I cannot guess when it will
be in my power to consider duly Mr. Essex's plan with him. I
shall undoubtedly, if ever capable of it, be ready to give him
my advice, such as it is; or to look over his papers, and even
to correct them, if his modesty thinks me more able to polish
them than he is himself. At the same time, I must own, I think
he will run too great a risk by the expense. The engravers in
London are now arrived at such a pitch of exorbitant
imposition, that, for my own part, I have laid aside all
thoughts of having a single plate more done.
Dear Sir, pray tell Mr. Essex how concerned I am for his
mischance, and for the total impossibility I am under of seeing
him now. I can write no More, but I shall be glad to hear from
you on his return to Cambridge: and when I am recovered, you
may be assured how glad I shall be to talk his plan over with
him. I am his and Your obliged humble servant.
Letter 49 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
(page 74)
I have had a relapse, and not been able to use my hand, or I
should have lamented with you on the plunder of your prints by
that Algerine hog.(80) I pity you, dear Sir, and feel for your
awkwardness, that was struck dumb at his rapaciousness. The
beast has no sort of taste neither-and in a twelvemonth will
sell them again. I regret particularly one print, which I dare
to say he seized, that I gave you, Gertrude More; I thought I
had another, and had not; and, as you liked it, I never told
you so. This Muley Moloch used to buy books, and now sells
them. He has hurt his fortune, and ruined himself, to have a
Collection, without any choice of what it should be composed.
It is the most underbred swine I ever saw; but I did not know
it was so ravenous. I wish you may get paid any how; you see
by my writing how difficult it is to me, and therefore will
excuse my being short.
(80) This letter may want some explanation. A gentleman, a
collector of prints, and a neighbour of Mr. Walpole's, had just
before requested to see Mr. Cole's collection, and on Mr.
Cole's offering to accommodate him with such heads as he had
not, he selected and took away no less than one hundred and
eighty-seven of the most rare and valuable.
Letter 50 To The Countess Of Ailesbury.
Arlington Street, Dec. 20, 1772. (page 74)
Indeed, Madam, I want you and Mr. Conway in town. Christmas has
dispersed all my company, and left nothing but a loo-party or
two. If all the fine days were not gone out of town, too, I
should take the air in a morning; but I am not yet nimble enough,
like old Mrs. Nugent, to jump out of a postchaise into an
assembly.
You have a woful taste, my lady, not to like Lord Gower's bonmot.
I am almost too indignant to tell you of a most amusing book in
six volumes, called "Histoire Philosophique et Politique du
commerce des Deux Indes."(81) It tells one every thing in the
world;--how to make conquests, invasions, blunders, settlements,
bankruptcies, fortunes, etc.; tells you the natural and
historical history of all nations; talks commerce, navigation,
tea, coffee, china, mines, salt, spices; of the Portuguese,
English, French, Dutch, Danes, Spaniards, Arabs, caravans,
Persians, Indians, of Louis XIV. and the King of Prussia; of La
Bourdonnais, Dupleix, and Admiral Saunders; of rice, and women
that dance naked; of camels, ginghams, and muslin; of millions of
millions of livres, pounds, rupees, and cowries; of iron cables,
and Circassian women; of Law and the Mississippi; and against all
governments and religions. This and every thing else is in the
two first volumes. I cannot conceive what is left for the four
others. And all is so mixed, that you learn forty new trades and
fifty new histories in a single chapter. There is spirit, wit,
and clearness and, if there were but less avoirdupois weight in
it, it would be the richest book in the world in materials--but
figures to me are so many ciphers, and only put me in mind of
children that say, an hundred hundred hundred millions. However,
it has made me learned enough to talk about Mr. Sykes and the
Secret Committee,(82) which is all that any body talks of at
present, and yet Mademoiselle Heinel(83) is arrived. This is all
I know, and a great deal too, considering I know nothing, and
yet, were there either truth or lies, I should know them; for one
hears every thing in a sick room. Good night both!
(81) By the Abb`e Raynal. sensible of the faults of his work,
the Abb`e visited England and Holland to obtain correct
mercantile information, and, on his return, published an improved
edition at Geneva, in ten volumes, octavo. Hannah More relates,
that, when in England, the Abb`e was introduced to Dr. Johnson,
and advancing to shake his band, the Doctor drew back and put it
behind him, and afterwards replied to the expostulation of a
friend--"Sir, I will not shake hands with an infidel." The
Parliament of Paris ordered the work to be burnt, and the author
to be arrested; but he retired to Spain, and, in 1788, the
National Assembly cancelled the decree passed against him. He
died at Passy in 1794, at the age of eighty-five.-E.
(82) Upon indian affairs.
(83) See ante, p. 59, letter 34.
Letter 51 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Jan. 8, 1773. (page 75)
In return to your very kind inquiries, dear Sir, I can let you
know, that I am quite free from pain, and walk a little about
my room, even without a stick: nay, have been four times to
take the air in the park. Indeed, after fourteen weeks this is
not saying much; but it is a worse reflection, that when one is
subject to the gout, and far from young, one's worst account
will probably be better than that after the next fit. I
neither flatter myself on one hand, nor am impatient on the
other--for will either do one any good? one must bear one's lot
whatever it be.
I rejoice Mr. * * * * has justice,(84) though he had no bowels.
How Gertrude More escape' him I do not guess. It will be wrong
to rob you of her, after she has come to you through so many
hazards--nor would I hear of it either, if you have a mind to
keep her, or have not given up all thoughts of a collection
since you have been visited by a Visigoth.
I am much more impatient to see Mr. Gray's print, than Mr.
What-d'ye-call-him's answer to my Historic Doubts.(85) He may
have made himself very angry; but I doubt whether he will make
me at all so. I love antiquities; but I scarce ever knew an
antiquary who knew how to write upon them. Their
understandings seem as much in ruins as the things they
describe. For the Antiquarian Society, I shall leave them in
peace with Whittington and his Cat. As my contempt for them
has not, however, made me disgusted with what they do not
understand, antiquities, I have published two numbers of
Miscellanies, and they are very welcome to mumble them with
their toothless gums. I want to send you these--not their
gums, but my pieces, and a Grammont,(86) of which I have
printed only a hundred copies, and which will be extremely
scarce, as twenty-five copies are gone to France. Tell me how
I shall convey them safely.
Another thing you must tell me, if you can, is, if you know any
thing ancient of the Freemasons Governor Pownall,(87) a
Whittingtonian, has a mind they should have been a corporation
erected by the popes. As you see what a good creature I am,
and return good for evil, I am engaged to pick up what I can
for him, to support this system, in which I believe no more
than in the pope: and the work is to appear in a volume of the
Society's pieces. I am very willing to oblige him, and turn my
cheek, that they may smite that, also. Lord help them! I am
sorry that they are such numsculls, that they almost make me
think myself something! but there are great authors enough to
bring me to my senses again. Posterity, I fear, will class me
with the writers of this age, or forget me with them, not rank
me with any names that deserve remembrance. If I cannot
survive the Milles's, the What-d'ye-call-him's, and the
compilers of catalogues of topography, it would comfort me very
little to confute them. I should be as little proud of success
as if I had carried a contest for churchwarden.
Not being able to return to Strawberry Hill, where all my books
and papers are, and my printer lying fallow, I want some short
bills to print. Have you any thing you wish printed? I can
either print a few to amuse ourselves, or, if very curious, and
not too dry, could make a third number of Miscellaneous
Antiquities.
I am not in any eagerness to see Mr. What-d'ye-call-him's
pamphlet against me; therefore pray give yourself no trouble to
get it for me. The specimens I have seen of his writing take
off all edge from curiosity. A print of Mr. Gray will be a
real present. Would it not be dreadful to be commended by an
age that had not taste enough to admire his Odes? Is not it
too great a compliment to me to be abused too? I am ashamed!
Indeed our antiquaries ought to like me. I am but too much on
a par with them. Does not
Mr. Henshaw come to London? Is he a professor, or only a lover
of engraving? If the former, and he were to settle in town, I
would willingly lend him heads to copy. Adieu!
(84) The gentleman who had carried off so many of Mr.
Cole's prints. He now fully remunerated Mr. Cole in a valuable
present of books.
(85) Mr. Master's pamphlet, printed at the expense of the
Antiquarian Society in the second volume of the Archaeologia.
(86) "M`emoires du Comte de Grammont, nouvelle edition,
augment`ee de Notes et Eclaircissemens n`ecessaires, par M.
Horace Walpole." Strawberry Hill, 1772, 4to. To the M`emoires
was prefixed the following dedication to Madame du Deffand:--
"L'Editeur VOUS Consacre cette edition, comme un monument de
son amiti`e, de son admiration, et de son respect, a vous dont
les gr`aces, l'esprit, et le gout retracent an si`ecle present
le si`ecle de Louis XIV., et les agr`emens de l'auteur de ces
Memoires."
(87) Thomas Pownall, Esq. the antiquary, and a constant
contributor to the Archaeologia. Having been governor of South
Carolina and other American colonies, he was always
distinguished from his brother John, who was likewise an
antiquary, by the title of Governor.-E.
Letter 52 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Feb. 18, 1773. (page 77)
The most agreeable ingredient of your last, dear Sir, is the
paragraph that tells me you shall be in town in April, when I
depend on the pleasure of seeing you; but, to be certain, wish
you would give me a few days' law, an let me know, too, where
you lodge. Pray bring your books, though the continuation of the
Miscellaneous Antiquities is uncertain. I thought the
affectation of loving veteran anecdotes was so vigorous, that I
ventured to print five hundred copies., One, hundred and thirty
only are sold. I cannot afford to make the town perpetual
presents; though I find people exceedingly eager to obtain them
when I do; and if they will not buy them, it is a sign of such
indifference, that I shall neither bestow my time, nor my cost,
to no purpose. All I desire is, to pay the expenses, which I can
afford much less than my idle moments. Not but the operations
of-my press have often turned against myself in many shapes. I
have told people many things they did not know, and from fashion
they have bought a thousand things out of my hands, which they do
not understand, and only love en passant. At Mr. West's sale,
I got literally nothing: his prints sold for the frantic sum of
1495 pounds 10 shillings. Your and my good friend Mr. Gulston
threw away above 200 pounds there.
I am not sorry Mr. Lort has recourse to the fountainhead: Mr.
Pownall's system of Freemasonry is so absurd and groundless,
that I am glad to be rid of intervention. I have seen the
former once: he told Me he was willing to sell his prints, as
the value of them is so increased--for that very reason I did
not want to purchase them.
Paul Sanby promised me ten days ago to show Mr. Henshaw's
engraving which I received from Dr. Ewen) to Bartolozzi, and
ask his terms, thinking he would delight in So Very promising a
scholar; but I have heard nothing since, and therefore fear
there is no success. Let me, however, see the young man when
he comes, and I will try if there is any other way of serving
him.
What shall I say to you, dear Sir, about Dr. Prescot? or what I
say to him? It hurts me not to be very civil, especially as
any respect to my father's memory touches me much more than any
attention to myself, which I cannot hold to be a quarter so
well founded. Yet, how dare I write to a poor man, who may do,
as I have lately seen done by a Scotchwoman that wrote a
play,(88) and printed Lord Chesterfield's and Lord Lyttelton's
letters to her, as Testimonia fluctorum: I will therefore beg
you to make my compliments and thanks to the master, and to
make them as grateful as you please, provided I am dispensed
with giving any certificate under my hand. You may plead my
illness, which, though the fifth month ended yesterday, is far
from being at an end, My relapses have been endless - I cannot
yet walk a step: and a great cold has added an ague in my
cheek, for which I am just going to begin the bark. The
prospect for the rest of my days is gloomy. The case of my
poor nephew still more deplorable - he arrived in town last
night, and bore his Journey tolerably-but his head is in much
more danger of not recovering than his health; though they give
us hopes of both. But the evils of life are not good subjects
for letters--why afflict one's friends? Why make commonplace
reflections? Adieu! Yours ever.
(88) "Sir Harry Gaylove; or, Comedy in Embryo;" by Mrs. Jane
Marshall. It was printed in Scotland by subscription, but not
acted. in the preface, she complains bitterly of the managers
of the three London theatres, for refusing her the advantages
of representing her performance.-E.
Letter 53 To The Rev. William Mason.(89)
March 2, 1773. (page 78)
What shall I say? How shall I thank you for the kind manner in
which you submit your papers to my correction? But if you are
friendly, I must be just. I am so far from being dissatisfied,
that I Must beg to shorten your pen, and in that respect only
would I wish, with regard to myself, to alter your text. I am
conscious that in the beginning of the differences between Gray
and me, the fault was mine. I was young, too fond of my own
diversions; nay, I do not doubt, too much intoxicated by
indulgence, vanity, and the insolence of my situation, as a
prime minister's Son, not to have been inattentive to the
feelings of one, I blush to say, that I knew was obliged to me;
of one, whom presumption and folly made me deem not very
superior in parts, though I have since felt my infinite
inferiority to him. I treated him insolently. He loved me,
and I did not think he did. I reproached him with the
difference between us, when he acted from the conviction of
knowing that he was my superior. I often disregarded his wish
of seeing places, which I would not quit my own amusements to
visit, though I offered to send him thither without me.
Forgive me, if I say that his temper was not conciliating, at
the same time that I confess to you, that he acted a most
friendly part had I had the sense to take advantage of it. He
freely told me my faults. I declared I did not desire to hear
them, nor would correct them. You will not wonder,, that with
the dignity of his spirit, and the obstinate carelessness of
mine the breach must have widened till we became incompatible.
After this confession, I fear you will think I fall short in
the words I wish to have substituted for some of yours. If you
think them inadequate to the state of the case, as I own they
are, preserve this letter and let some future Sir John
Dalrymple produce it to load my memory; but I own I do not
desire that any ambiguity should aid his invention to forge an
account) for me. If you would have no objection, I would
propose your narrative should run thus, [Here follows a note,
which is inserted verbatim in Mason's Life of Gray.(90)] and
contain no more, till a more proper time shall come for
publishing the truth, as I have stated it to you. While I am
living, it is not pleasant to see my private disagreements
discussed in magazines and newspapers.
(89) This and the following letter are from Mr. mitford's
valuable edition of Gray's Works. See vol. iv. pp. 216, 218.-
E.
(90) "In justice to the memory of so respectable a friend, Mr.
Walpole enjoins me to charge himself with the chief blame in
their quarrel - confessing that more attention and
complaisance, more deference to a warm friendship, superior
judgment and prudence, might have prevented a rupture that gave
such uneasiness to them both and a lasting concern
to the survivor; though, in the year 1744, a reconciliation was
effected between them, by a lady who wished well to both
parties."-E.
Letter 54 To The Rev. William Mason.
Strawberry Hill, March 27, 1773. (page 79)
I have received your letter, dear Sir, your manuscript, and
Gray's letters to me. Twenty things crowd upon my pen, and
jostle, and press to be laid. As I came here to-day for a
little air, and to read you undisturbed, they shall all have a
place in due time. But having so safe a conveyance for my
thoughts, I must begin with the uppermost of them, the Heroic
Epistle. I have read it so very often, that I have got it by
heart; and now I am master of all its beauties, I confess I
like it infinitely better than I did, though I liked it
infinitely before. There is more wit, ten times more delicacy
of irony, as much poetry, and greater facility than and as in
the Dunciad. But what Signifies what I think? All the world
thinks the same. No soul has, I have heard, guessed within an
hundred miles. I catched at Anstey's name, and have,
contributed to spread that notion. It has since been called
Temple Luttrell's, and, to my infinite honour, mine; Lord -----
- swears he should think so, if I did not praise it so
excessively. But now, my dear Sir, that you have tapped this
mine of talent, and it runs so richly and easily, for Heaven's
sake, and for England's sake, do not let it rest! You have a
vein of irony, and satire, etc.
I am extremely pleased with the easy unaffected simplicity of
your manuscript (Memoirs of Gray), and have found scarcely any
thing I could wish added, much less retrenched, unless the
paragraph on Lord Bute,(91) which I don't think quite clearly
expressed; and yet perhaps too clearly, while you wish to
remain unknown as the author of the Heroic Epistle,(92) since
it might lead to suspicion. For as Gray asked for the place,
and accepted it afterwards from the Duke of Grafton, it might
be thought that he, or his friend for him, was angry with the
author of the disappointment. I can add nothing to your
account of Gray's going abroad with me. It was my own thought
and offer, and cheerfully accepted. Thank you for inserting my
alteration. As I am the survivor, any Softening would be
unjust to the dead. I am sorry I had a fault towards him. It
does not wound me to own it; and it must be believed when I
allow it, that not he, but I myself, was in the wrong.
(91) This paragraph was suppressed-E.
(92) In March, 1798, Mr. Matthias suggested, in the Pursuits of
Literature, that Walpole's papers would possibly lead to the
discovery of the author of the far-famed Heroic Epistle to Sir
William Chambers. By Thomas Warton, the poet-laureate, it was
supposed to have been "written by Walpole, and buckrum'd by
Mason;" and Mr. Croker, in a note to his edition of Boswell's
Johnson, says of it, "there can be no doubt that it was the
joint production of Mason and Walpole; Mason supplying the
poetry and Walpole the points;" while the Quarterly Review,
vol. xv. p. 385, observes, that "when it is remembered that no
one then alive, with the same peculiar taste and the same
political principles, could have written such poetry, we must
either ascribe the Heroic Epistle to Mr. Mason, or suppose,
very needlessly and improbably, that one person supplied the
matter and another shaped it into verse; but, the personal
insolence displayed in this poem to his Sovereign, which was
probably the true reason for concealing the writer's -the
principles of genuine taste which abound in it--the bitter and
sarcastic strain of indignation against a monstrous mode of bad
taste then beginning to prevail in landscape gardening, and,
above all, a vigorous flow of spirited and harmonious verse,
all concur to mark it as the work of our independent and
uncourtly bard," The above letter settles the long-disputed
point, and fixes the sole authorship of this exquisite poem on
Mason.-E.
Letter 55 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, April 7, 1773. (page 80)
I have now seen the second volume of the Archaeologia, or Old
Woman's Logic, with Mr. Masters's Answer to me. If he had not
taken such pains to declare it was written against my Doubts, I
should have thought it a defence of them; for the few facts he
quotes make for my arguments, and confute himself; particularly
in the case of Lady Eleanor Butler; -whom, by the way, he makes
marry her own nephew, and not descend from her own family,
because she was descended from her grandfather.
This Mr. Masters is an excellent Sancho Panza to such a Don
Quixote as Dean Milles! but enough of such goosecaps! Pray
thank Mr. Ashby for his admirable correction of Sir Thomas
Wyat's bon-mot. It is right beyond all doubt, and I will quote
it if ever the piece is reprinted.
Mr. Tyson surprises me by usurping your Dissertation. It seems
all is fish that comes to the net of the Society- Mercy on us!
What a cart-load of brick and rubbish, and Roman ruins, they
have piled together! I have found nothing-, tolerable in the
volume but the Dissertation of Mr Masters; which is followed by
an answer, that, like Masters, contradicts him, without
disproving any thing.
Mr. West's books are selling outrageously. His family will
make a fortune by what he collected from stalls and Moorfields.
But I must not blame the virtuosi, having surpassed them. In
short I have bought his two pictures of Henry V. and Henry
VIII. and their families; the first of which is engraved in my
Anecdotes, or, as the catalogue says, engraved by Mr. H.
Walpole, and the second described there. The first cost me 38
pounds and the last 84, though I knew Mr. West bought it for
six guineas. But, in fact, these two, with my Marriages of
Henry VI. and VII., compose such a suite of the House of
Lancaster, and enrich my Gothic house so completely, that I
would not deny myself. The Henry VII. cost me as much, and is
less curious: the price of antiquities is so exceedingly risen,
too, at present, that I expected to have paid more. I have
bought much cheaper at the same sale, a picture of Henry VIII.
and Charles V. in one piece, both much younger than I ever saw
any portrait of either. I hope your pilgrimage to St.
Gulaston's this month will take place, and that you will come
and see them. Adieu!
Letter 56 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, April 27, 1773. (page 81) '
I had not time this morning to answer your letter by Mr. Essex,
but I gave him the card you desired. You know, I hope, how
happy I am to obey any orders of yours.
In the paper I showed you in answer to Masters, you saw I was
apprised of Rastel's Chronicle: but pray do not mention my
knowing of it; because I draw so much from it, that I lie in
wait, hoping that Milles, or Masters, or some of their fools,
will produce it against me; and then I shall have another word
to say to them, which they do not expect, since they think
Rastel makes for them.
Mr. Gough(93) wants to be introduced to me! Indeed! I would
see him, as he has been midwife to Masters; but he is so dull,
that he would only be troublesome--and besides you know I shun
authors, and would never have been One myself, if it obliged me
to keep such bad company. They are always in earnest, and
think their profession serious, and dwell upon trifles, and
reverence learning. I laugh at all those things, and write
only to laugh at them, and divert myself. None of us are
authors of any consequence; and it is the most ridiculous in
all vanities to be vain of being mediocre. A page in a great
author humbles me to the dust; and the conversation of those
that are not superior to myself, reminds me of what will be
thought of myself. I blush to flatter them, or to be flattered
by them, and should dread letters being published some time or
other, in which they should relate our interviews, and we
should appear like those puny conceited Witlings in Shenstone's
and Hughes' Correspondence,(94) who give themselves airs from
being in possession of the soil of Parnassus for the time
being; as peers are proud, because they enjoy the estates of
great men who went before them. Mr. Gough is very welcome to
see Strawberry Hill; or I would help him to any scraps in my
possession, that would assist his publications; though he is
one of those industrious who are only reburying the dead-but I
cannot be acquainted with him. It is contrary to my system,
and my humour; and, besides, I know nothing of barrows, and
Danish entrenchments, and Saxon barbarisms, and Phoenician
characters--in short, I know nothing of those ages that knew
nothing--then how should I be of use to modern literati? All
the Scotch metaphysicians have sent me their works. I did not
read one of them, because I do not understand what is not
understood by those that write about it; and I did not get
acquainted with one of the writers. I should like to be
intimate with Mr. Anstey,(95) even though he wrote Lord
Buckhorse, or with the author of the Heroic Epistle.(96) I
have no thirst to know the rest of my contemporaries, from the
absurd bombast of Dr. Johnson down to the silly Dr. Goldsmith;
though the latter changeling has had bright gleams of parts,
and the former had sense, 'till he charged it for words, and
sold it for a pension. Don't think me scornful. Recollect
that I have seen Pope, and lived with Gray. Adieu! Yours
ever.
P. S. Mr. Essex has shown me a charming drawing, from a
charming round window at Lincoln. It has revived all my
eagerness to have him continue his plan.
(93) Richard Gough, Esq., author of the British Topography, and
the Sepulchral Monuments of Great Britain; and editor of
Camden's Britannia. This learned antiquary was born in 1735,
and died in the year 1809-E.
(94) A second edition had just appeared of "Letters by several
eminent Persons deceased; including the Correspondence of John
Hughes, Esq, and several of His Friends."-E.
(95) The author of the New Bath Guide. See vol. iii., letter
307 to George Montagu, Esq., June 20 1766.-E.
(96) See ante, letter 54, P. 80.-E.
Letter 57 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, May 4, 1773. (page 82)
I should not have hurried to answer your letter, dear Sir, the
moment I receive it, but to send you another ticket(97) for
your sister, in case she should not have recovered the other;
and I think you said she was to stay but a fortnight in town.
I would have sent it to her, had I known whither: and I have
made it for five persons, in case she should have a mind to
carry so many.
I am sorry for the young engraver; but I can by no means meddle
with his going abroad, without the father's consent. it would
be very wrong, and would hurt the young man essentially, if the
father has any thing to leave. , In any case, I certainly would
not be accessory to sending away the son against the father's
will. The father is an impertinent fool--but that you
and I cannot help.
Pray be not uneasy about Gertrude More: I shall get the
original or, at least, a copy. Tell me how I shall Send you
martagons by the safest conveyance, or any thing else you want.
I am always in your debt; and the apostle-spoon will make the
debtor side in my book of gratitude run over.
Your public orator has done me too much honour by far--
especially as he named me with my father,(98) to whom I am so
infinitely inferior, both in parts and virtues. Though I have
been abused undeservedly, I feel I have more title to censure
than praise, and -will subscribe to the former sooner than to
the latter. Would not it be prudent to look upon the encomium
as a funeral oration, and consider Myself as dead? I have
always dreaded outliving myself, and writing after what small
talents I have should be decayed. Except the last volume of
the Anecdotes of Painting, which has been finished and printed
so long, and which, appear when they may, will still come too
late for many reasons. I am disposed never to publish any more
of my own self; but I do not say so positively, lest my
breaking my intention should be but another folly. The gout
has, however, made me so indolent and inactive, that if my head
does not inform me how old I grow, at least my mind and my feet
will--and can one have too many monitors of one's weakness!
I am sorry you think yourself so much inconvenienced by
stirring from home. ' This is an incommodity by which your
friends will suffer more than yourself, and nobody more,
sensibly than yours, etc.
(97) Of admission to Strawberry.
(98) On presenting a relation of Mr. Walpole's to the
Vice-chancellor for his honorary degree.
Letter 58 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, May 29, 1773. (page 83)
Dear Sir,
I have been so much taken up of late with poor Lord Orford's
affairs, I have not had, and scarce have now, time to write you
a line, and thank you for all your kindnesses, information, and
apostle -spoon. I have not Newcomb's Repertorium, and shall be
obliged to you for the transcript; not as doubting, but to
confirm what Heaven, King Edward I., and the Bishop of the
Tartars have deposed in favour of Malibrunus, the Jew painter's
abilities. I should sooner have suspected that Mr. Masters
would have produced such witnesses to condemn Richard III. The
note relating to Lady Boteler does not relate to her marriage.
I send you two martagon roots, and some jonquils; and have
added some prints, two enamelled Pictures, and three medals.
One of Oliver, by Simon; a fine one of Pope Clement X., and a
scarce one of Archbishop Sancroft and the Seven Bishops. I
hope the two latter will atone for the first. As I shall never
be out of your debt, pray draw on me for any more other roots,
or any thing that will be agreeable to you, and excuse me at
present.
Letter 59 To Dr. Berkenhout.(99)
July 6, 1773, (page 84)
Sir,
I am so much engaged in private business at present, that I
have not had time to thank you for the favour of your letter:
nor can I now answer it to your satisfaction. My life has been
too insignificant to afford materials interesting to the
public. In general, the lives of mere authors are dry and
unentertaining; nor, though I -have been one occasionally, are
my writings of a class or merit to entitle me to any
distinction. I can as little furnish you, Sir, with a list of
them or their dates, which would give me more trouble to make
out than is worth while. If I have any merit with the public,
it is for printing and preserving some valuable works of
others; and if ever you write the lives of printers, I may be
enrolled in the number. My own works, I suppose, are dead and
buried; but, as I am not impatient to be interred with them, I
hope you will leave that office to the parson of the parish,
and I shall be, as long as I live, yours, etc.
(99) Dr. John Berkenhout had been a captain both in the English
and Prussian service, and in 1765 took his degree of MD. at
Leyden. his application to Walpole was for the purpose of
procuring materials for a life of him In his forthcoming work,
"Biographia Literaria, or a Biographical History of Literature;
containing the Lives of English, Irish, and Scottish Authors,
from the dawn of Letters in these Kingdoms to the present
Time." The first volume, which treats of those writers who
lived from the beginning of the fifth to the end of the sixth
century, and which is the only one ever published, appeared in
1777. He died in 1791-E.
Letter 60 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, Aug. 30, 1773. (page 84)
I returned last night from Houghton,(100) where multiplicity of
business detained me four days longer than I intended, and
where I found a scene infinitely more mortifying than I
expected; though I certainly did not go with a prospect of
finding a land flowing with milk and honey. Except the
pictures, which are in the finest preservation, and the woods,
which are become forests, all the rest is ruin, desolation,
confusion, disorder, debts, mortgages, sales, pillage, villany,
waste, folly, and madness. I do not believe that five thousand
pounds would put the house and buildings into good repair. The
nettles and brambles in the park are up to your shoulders;
horses have been turned into the garden, and banditti lodged in
every cottage. The perpetuity of livings that come up to the
park-pales have been sold--and every farm let for half its
value. In short, you know how much family pride I have, and
consequently may judge how much I have been mortified! Nor do I
tell you half, or near the worst circumstances. I have just
stopped the torrent-and that is all. I am very uncertain
whether I must not fling up the trust; and some of the
difficulties in my way seem unsurmountable, and too dangerous
not to alarm even my zeal; since I must not ruin myself, and
hurt those for whom I must feel, too, only to restore a family
that will end with myself, and to retrieve an estate' from
which I am not likely ever to receive the least advantage.
if you will settle with the Churchills your journey to
Chalfont, and will let me know the day, I will endeavour to
meet you there; I hope it Will not be till next week. I am
overwhelmed with business--but, indeed, I know not when I shall
be otherwise! I wish you joy of this endless summer.
(100) Whither he had gone during the mental alienation of his
nephew, George Earl of Orford, to endeavour to settle and
arrange his affairs.
Letter 61 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 24, 1773. (page 85)
The multiplicity of business which I found chalked out to me by
my journey to Houghton, has engaged me so much, my dear lord,
and the unpleasant scene opened to me there struck me so
deeply, that I have neither had time nor cheerfulness enough to
flatter myself I could amuse my friends by my letters. Except
the pictures, I found every thing worse than I expected, and
the prospect almost too bad to give me courage to pursue what I
am doing. I am totally ignorant of most of the branches of
business that are fallen to my lot, and not young enough to
learn any new business well. All I can hope is to clear the
worst part of the way; for, in undertaking to retrieve an
estate, the beginning is certainly the most difficult of the
work--it is fathoming a chaos. But I will not unfold a
confusion to your lordship which your good sense will always
keep You from experiencing --very unfashionably; for the first
geniuses of the age hold, that the best method of governing the
world is to throw it into disorder. The experiment is not yet
complete, as the rearrangement is still to come.
I am very seriously glad of the birth of your nephew,(101)
my lord; I am going this evening with my gratulations'; but
have been so much absent and so hurried, that I have not yet
had the pleasure of seeing
Lady Anne,(102) though I have called twice. To Gunnersbury I
have no summons this summer: I receive such honours, or the
want of them, with proper respect. Lady Mary Coke, I fear, is
in chace of a Dulcineus that she will never meet. When the
ardour of peregrination is a little abated, will not she
probably give in to a more comfortable pursuit; and, like a
print I have seen of -the blessed martyr Charles the First,
abandon the hunt of a corruptible for that of an incorruptible
crown? There is another beatific print just published in that
style: it is of Lady Huntingdon. With much pompous humility,
she looks like an old basket-woman trampling on her coronet at
the mouth of a cavern.-Poor Whitfield! if he was forced to do
the honours of the spelunca!--Saint Fanny Shirley is nearer
consecration. I was told two days ago that she had written a
letter to Lady Selina that was not intelligible. Her grace of
Kingston's glory approaches to consummation in a more worldly
style. The Duke(103) is dying, and has given her the whole
estate, seventeen thousand a-year. I am told she has already
notified the contents of the will, and made offers of the sale
of Thoresby. Pious matrons have various ways of expressing
decency.
Your lordship's new bow-window thrives. I do not want it to
remind me of its master and mistress, to whom I am ever the
most devoted humble servant.
(101) A son of John Earl of Buckingham, who died young.
(102) Lady Anne Conolly.
(103) The Duke of Kingston died on the 22d of September, when
all his honours became extinct.-E.
Letter 62 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Arlington Street, Nov. 15, 1773. (page 86)
I am very sorry, my dear lord, that you are coming towards us
so slowly and unwillingly. I cannot quite wonder at the
latter. The world is an old acquaintance that does not improve
upon one's hands: however, one must not give way to the
disgusts it creates. My maxim, and practice, too, is to laugh,
because I do not like to cry. I could shed a pailfull of tears
over all I have seen and learnt Since my poor nephew's
misfortune-the more one has to do with men the worse one finds
them But can one mend them? No. Shall we shut ourselves up
from them? No. We should grow humourists-and of all animals an
Englishman is least made to live alone. For my part, I am
conscious of so many faults, that I think I grow better the
more bad I see in my neighbours; and there are so many I would
not resemble, that it makes me watchful over myself You, my
lord, who have forty more good qualities than I have, should
not seclude yourself. I do not wonder you despise knaves and
fools: but remember, they want better examples; they will never
grow ashamed by conversing with one another.
I came to settle here on Friday, being drowned out of
Twickenham. I find the town desolate, and no news in it, but
that the ministry give up the Irish -tax-some say, because it
will not pass in Ireland; others, because the city of London
would have petitioned against it; and some, because there were
factions in the council-- which is not the most incredible of
all. I am glad, for the sake of some of my friends who would
have suffered by it, that it is over.(104) In other respects, I
have too much private business of my own to think about the
public, which is big enough to take care of itself.
I have heard some of Lady Mary Coke's mortifications. I have
regard and esteem for her good qualities, which are many; but I
doubt her genius will never suffer her to be quite happy. As
she will not take the psalmist's advice of not putting trust, I
am sure she would not follow mine; for, with all her piety,
King David is the only royal person she will not listen to, and
therefore I forbear my sweet counsel. When she and Lord
Huntingdon meet, will not they put you in mind of Count-Gage
and Lady Mary Herbert, who met in the mines of Asturias, after
they had failed of the crown of Poland?(105) Adieu, my dear
lord! Come you and my lady among us. You have some friends
that are not odious, and who will be rejoiced to see you both-
-witness, for one, yours most faithfully.
(104) A tax upon absentees. Mr. Hardy, in his Memoirs of Lord
Charlemont, says, that the influence of the Whig leaders
predominated so far as to oblige the ministers to relinquish
the measure.-E.
(105) "The crown of Poland, venal twice an age,
To just three millions stint;ed modest Gage."
Pope in a note to the above couplet, states that Mr. Gage and
Lady Mary Herbert, " each of them, in the Mississippi scheme,
despised to realize above three hundred thousand pounds: the
gentleman with a view to the purchase of the crown of Poland,
the lady on a vision of the like royal nature: they have since
retired into Spain, where they are still in search of gold, in
the mines of the Asturias."-E.
Letter 63 To Lady Mary Coke.(106)
((page 87)
Your ladyship's illustrious exploits are the constant theme of
my meditations. Your expeditions are so rapid, and to such
distant regions, that I cannot help thinking you are possessed
of the giant's boots that stepped seven leagues at a stride, as
we are assured by that accurate historian Mother Goose. You
are, I know, Madam', an excellent walker, yet methinks seven
leagues at once are a prodigious straddle for a fair lady. But
whatever is your manner of travelling, few heroines ancient or
modern can be compared to you for length of journeys.
Thalestris, Queen of the Amazons, and M. M. or N. N. Queen of
Sheba, went each of them the Lord knows how far to meet
Alexander the Great and Solomon the Wise; the one to beg the
favour of having a daughter (I suppose) and heiress by him; and
the other, says scandal, to grant a like favour to the Hebrew
monarch. Your ladyship, who has more real Amazonian
principles, never makes visits but to empresses, queens, and
princesses; and your country is enriched with the maxims of
wisdom and virtue which you collect in your travels. For such
great ends did Herodotus, Pythagoras, and other sages, make
voyages to Egypt, and every distant kingdom; and it is amazing
how much their own countries were benefited by what those
philosophers learned in their peregrinations. Were it not that
your ladyship is actuated by such public spirit, I could Put
YOU in mind, Madam, of an old story that might save you a great
deal of fatigue and danger-and now I think of it, as I have
nothing better to fill my letter with, I will relate it to you.
Pyrrhus, the martial and magnanimous King of Epirus (as my Lord
Lyttelton would call him), being, as I have heard or seen
Goodman Plutarch say, intent on his preparations for invading
Italy, Cineas, one of the grooms of his bedchamber, took the
liberty of asking his majesty what benefit he expected to reap
if he should be successful in conquering the Romans?--Jesus!
said the King, peevishly; why the question answers itself.
When we have overcome the Romans, no province, no town, whether
Greek or barbarian, will be able to resist us: we shall at once
be masters of all Italy. Cineas after a short pause replied,
And having subdued Italy, what shall we do next?--Do next?
answered Pyrrhus; why, seize Sicily. Very likely, quoth
Cineas: but will that put an end to the war?-The gods forbid!
cried his Majesty: when Sicily is reduced, Libya and Carthage
will be within our reach. And then, without giving Cineas time
to put in a word, the heroic Prince ran over Africa, Greece,
Asia, Persia, and every other country he had ever heard of upon
the face of God's earth; not one of which he intended should
escape his victorious sword. At last, when he was at the end
of his geography, and a little out of breath, Cineas watched
his opportunity, and said quietly, Well, Sire, and when we have
conquered all the world, what are we to do then?--Why, then,
said his Majesty, extremely satisfied with his own prowess, we
will live at our ease; we: Will spend whole days in banqueting
and carousing, and will think of nothing but our pleasures.
Now, Madam, for the application. Had I had the honour a few
years ago of being your confidential abigail, when you
meditated a visit to Princess Esterhazi, I would have ventured
to ask your ladyship of what advantage her acquaintance would
be to you? Probably you would have told me, that she would
introduce you to several electresses and margravines, whose
courts you would visit. That having conquered all their
hearts, as I am persuaded you would, your next jaunt would be
to Hesse; from whence it would be but a trip to Aix, where
Madame de Rochouart lives. Soaring from thence you Would
repair to the Imperial court at Vienna, where resides the most
august, most virtuous, and most plump of empresses and queens-
-no, I mistake--I should only have said, of empresses; for her
Majesty of Denmark, God bless her! is reported to be full as
virtuous, and three stone heavier. Shall not you call at
Copenhagen, Madam? If you do, you are next door to the
Czarina, who is the quintessence of friendship, as the Princess
Daskioff says, whom, next to the late Czar, her Muscovite
Majesty loves above all the world. Asia, I suppose, would not
enter into your ladyship's system Of conquest; for, though it
contains a sight of queens and sultanas, the poor ladies are
locked up in abominable places, into which I am sure your
ladyship's amity would never carry you--I think they call them
seraglios. Africa has nothing but empresses stark-naked; and
of complexions directly the reverse of your alabaster They do
not reign in their own right; and what is worse, the emperors
of those barbarous regions wear no more robes than the
sovereigns of their hearts. And what are princes and
princesses without velvet and ermine? As I am not a jot a
better geographer than King Pyrrhus, I can at present recollect
but one lady more who reigns alone, and that is her Majesty of
Otaheite, lately discovered by Mr. Bankes and Dr. Solander; and
for whom, your ladyship's compassionate breast must feel the
tenderest emotions,' she having been cruelly deprived of her
faithful minister and lover Tobiu, since dead at Batavia.
Well,'Madam, after you should have given me the plan of your
intended expeditions, and not left a queen regent on the face
of the globe unvisited,-- I would ask what we were to do next?-
-Why then, dear Abigail, you would have said, we will retire to
Notting-hill, we will plant shrubs all the morning, read
Anderson's Royal Genealogies all the evening; and once or twice
a week I will go to Gunnersbury and drink a bottle with
Princess Amelia. Alas, dear lady! and cannot you do all that
without skuttling from one end of the world to the other?--This
was the, upshot of all Cineas's inquisitiveness: and this is
the pith of this tedious letter from, Madam, your ladyship's
most faithful Aulic Counsellor and humble admirer.
(106) See the two preceding letters. It will be recollected
that Lady Mary Coke was sister-in-law to The Earl of Strafford,
and widow of Viscount Coke, heir apparent of Thomas Earl of
Leicester, who died without issue by her, in his father's
lifetime. Lady Mary died at a great age in 1811-E.
Letter 64 To The Hon. Mrs. GREY.(107)
Dec. 9, 1773. (page 89)
DEAR MADAM,
As I hear Lady Blandford has a return of the gout-, as I
foretold last night from the red spot being not gone, I beg you
will be so good as to tell her, that if she does not encourage
the swelling by keeping her foot wrapped up as hot as possible
in flannel, she will torment herself and bring more pain. I
will answer that if she will let it swell, and suffer the
swelling to go off of itself, she will have no more pain; and
she must remember, that the gout will bear contradiction no
more than she herself(108) Pray read this to her, and what I
say farther--that though I know she will not bear pain for
herself, I am sure she will for her friends. Her misfortune
has produced the greatest satisfaction that a good mind can
receive, the experience that that goodness has given her a
great many sincere friends, who have shown as much concern as
ever was known, and the most disinterested; as we know her
generosity has left her nothing to give. We wish to preserve
her for her own sake and ours, and the poor beseech her to bear
a little pain for them.
I am going out of town till Monday, or would bring my
prescription myself. She wants no virtue but patience; and
patience takes it very ill to be left out of such good company.
I am, dear Madam, Your obedient servant,
Dr. WALPOLE.
(107) NOW first printed.
(108) It has already been stated, that Lady Blandford was
somewhat impatient in her temper.-E.
Letter 65 To Sir David Dalrymple.(109)
Arlington Street, Dec. 14, 1773. (page 90)
Sir,
I have received from Mr. Dodsley, and read with pleasure, your
Remarks on the History of Scotland," though I am not
competently versed in some of the subjects. Indeed, such a
load of difficult and vexatious business is fallen upon me by
the unhappy situation of my nephew, Lord Orford, of whose
affairs I have been forced to undertake the management, though
greatly unfit for it, that I am obliged to bid adieu to all
literary amusement and pursuits; and must dedicate the rest of
a life almost worn out, and of late wasted and broken by a long
illness, to the duties I owe to my family. I hope you, Sir,
will have no such disagreeable avocation, and am your obliged
servant.
(109) Now first collected.
Letter 66 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, May 4, 1774. (page 90)
Dear Sir,
We have dropped one another, as if we were not antiquaries, but
people of this world-or do you disclaim me, because I have
quitted the Society? I could give You but too sad reasons for
my silence. The gout kept entire possession of me for six
months; and, before it released me, Lord Orford's illness and
affairs engrossed me totally. I have been twice in Norfolk
since you heard from me. I am now at liberty again. What is
your account of yourself? To. ask you to come above ground,
even so far as to see me, I know is in vain or I certainly
would ask it. You impose Carthusian shackles on Yourself, Will
not quit your cell, nor will speak above once a week. I am
glad to hear of you, and to see your hand, though you make that
as much like print as you can. If you were to be tempted
abroad, it would be a pilgrimage: and I can lure you even with
that. My chapel is finished, and the shrine will actually be
placed in less than a fortnight. My father is said to have
said, that every man had his price. You are a Beatus, indeed,
if you resist a shrine. Why should not you add to your
claustral virtues that of a peregrination to Strawberry? You
will find me quite alone in July. Consider, Strawberry is
almost the last monastery left, at least in England. Poor Mr.
Bateman's is despoiled. Lord Bateman has stripped and
plundered it: has sequestered the best things, has advertised
the site, and is dirtily selling by auction what he neither
would keep, nor can sell for a sum that is worth while. I was
hurt to see half the ornaments of the chapel, and the
reliquaries, and in short a thousand trifles, exposed to
sneers. I am buying a few to keep for the founder's sake.
Surely it is very indecent for a favourite relation, who is
rich, to show so little remembrance and affection. I suppose
Strawberry will have the same fate! It has already happened to
two of my friends. Lord Bristol got his mother's house from
his brother, by persuading her he was in love with it. He let
it in a month after she was dead band all her favourite
pictures and ornaments, which she had ordered not to be
removed, are mouldering in a garret! You are in the right to
care so little for a world where there is no measure but
avoirdupois. Adieu! Yours sincerely.
Letter 67 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, May 28, 1774. (page 91)
Nothing will be more agreeable to me', dear Sir, than a visit
from you in July. I will try to persuade Mr. Granger to meet
you; and if you had any such thing as summer in the fens, I
would desire you to bring a bag with you. We are almost
freezing here in the midst of beautiful verdure, with a
profusion of blossoms and flowers; but I keep good fires, and
seem to feel warm weather while I look through the window; for
the way to ensure summer in England, is to have it framed and
glazed in a comfortable room.
I shall be still more glad to hear you are settled in Your
living. Burnham is almost in my neighbourhood; and its being
in that of Eton and Windsor, will more than console you, I
hope, for leaving Ely and Cambridge. Pray let me know the
moment you are certain. It would now be a disappointment to me
as well as you. You shall be inaugurated in my chapel, which
is much more venerable than your parish church, and has the
genuine air of antiquity. I bought very little of poor Mr.
Bateman's. His nephew disposed of little that was worth
houseroom, and Yet pulled the whole to pieces.
Mr. Pennant has Published a new Tour to Scotland and the
Hebrides: and, though he has endeavoured to paint their dismal
isles and rocks in glowing colours, they will not be satisfied;
for he seems no bigot about Ossian, at least in some passages;
and is free in others, which their intolerating spirit will
resent. I cannot say the book is very entertaining to me, and
it is more a book of rates than of antiquities. The most
amusing part was communicated to him by Mr. Banks, who found
whole islands that bear nothing but columns, as other places do
grass and barley. There is a beautiful cave called Fingal's;
which proves that nature loves Gothic architecture.
Mr. Pennant has given a new edition of his former Tour, with
more cuts. Among others, is the vulgar head, called the
Countess of Desmond. I told him I had discovered, and proved
past contradiction, that it is Rembrandt's mother. He owned
it, and said, he would correct it by a note-but he has not.
This is a brave way of being an antiquary! as if there could be
any merit in giving for genuine what one knows to be spurious.
He is, indeed, a superficial man, and knows little of history
or antiquity: but he has a violent rage for being an author.
He set out with Ornithology, and a little Natural History, and
picks Up his knowledge as he rides. I have a still lower idea
of Mr. Gough; for Mr. Pennant, at least, is very civil: the
other is a hog. Mr. Fenn,(110) another smatterer in antiquity,
but. a very good sort of man, told me, Mr. Gough desired to be
introduced to me--but as he has been such a bear to you,(111)
he shall not come. The Society of Antiquaries put me in mind
of what the old Lord Pembroke said to Anstis the herald: "Thou
silly fellow! thou dost not know thy own silly business." If
they went behind taste by poking into barbarous ages, when
there was no taste, one could forgive them--but they catch at
the first ugly thing they see, and take it for old, because it
is new to them, and then usher it pompously into the world, as
if they had made a discovery; though they have not yet cleared
up a single point that is of the least importance, or that
tends to Settle any obscure passage in history.
I will not condole with you on having had the gout, since you
find it has removed other complaints. Besides as it begins
late, you are never likely to have it severely. I shall be in
terrors in two or three months, having had the four last fits
periodically and biennially Indeed, the two last were so long
and severe, that my remaining and shattered strength could ill
support such.
I must repeat how glad I shall be to have you at Burnham. When
people grow old, as you and I do, they should get together.
Others do not care for us: but we seem wiser to one another by
finding fault with them. Not that I am apt to dislike young
folks, whom I think every thing becomes: but it is a kind of
self-defence to live in a body. I dare to say that monks never
find out that they grow old fools. Their age gives them
authority, and nobody contradicts them. In the world, one
cannot help perceiving one is out of fashion. Women play at
cards with women of their own standing, and censure others
between the deals, and thence conclude themselves Gamaliels. I
who see many young men with better parts than myself, submit
with a good grace, or retreat hither to my castle, where I am
satisfied with what I have done, and am always in good humour.
But I like to have one or two old friends with me. I do not
much invite the juvenile, who think my castle and me of equal
antiquity: for no wonder, if they supposed George I. lived in
the time of the crusades.
Adieu! my good Sir, and pray let Burnham Wood and Dunsinane be
good neighbours. Yours ever.
(110) Sir John Fenn, who edited the "Original Letters, written
during the Reigns of Henry VI., Edward IV., Richard III., and
Henry ViI., by various Persons of rank and consequence,
digested in a Chronological order - with Notes historical and
explanatory;" which were published in four volumes, quarto,
between the years 1787-1789. The letters are principally by
members of the Paston family and others, who were of great
consequence in Norfolk at the time Sir John who was a native of
Norwich, died in 1794. A fifth volume was published in 1823.-
E.
(111) Alluding to his not having answered a letter from Mr.
Cole for nearly a twelvemonth.
Letter 68 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 21, 1774. (page 93)
Your illness, dear Sir, is the worst excuse you could make me;
and the worse, as you may be well in a night, if you will, by
taking six grains of James's Powder. He cannot cure death; but
he can most complaints that are not mortal or chronical. He
could cure you so soon of colds, that he would cure you of
another distemper, to which I doubt you are a little subject,
the fear of them. I hope you were certain, that illness is a
legal plea for missing induction, or you will have nursed a
cough and hoarseness with too much tenderness, as they
certainly could bear a journey. Never see my face again, if
you are not rector of Burnham. How can you be so bigoted to
Milton? I should have thought the very name would have
prejudiced you against the place, as the name is all that could
approach towards reconciling me to the fens. I shall be very
glad to see you here, whenever you have resolution enough to
quit your cell. But since Burnham and the neighbourhood of
Windsor and Eton have no charms for you, can I expect that
Strawberry Hill should have any? Methinks, that when one grows
old, one's contemporary friends should be our best amusement:
for younger people are soon tired of us, and our old stories:
but I have found the contrary in some of mine. For your part,
you care for conversing with none but the dead: for I reckon
the unborn, for whom you are writing, as much dead, as those
from whom you collect. .
You certainly ask no favour, dear Sir, when you want prints of
Me. They are at any body's service that thinks them worth
having. The owner sets very little value on them, since he
sets very little, indeed, on himself: as a man, a very faulty
one; and as an author, a very
middling one; which
whoever thinks a comfortable rank, is not at all my opinion.
Pray convince me that you think I mean sincerely, by not
answering me with a compliment. it is very weak to be pleased
with flattery; the stupidest of 'all delusions to beg it. From
You I should take it ill. We have known one another almost
fifty years--to very little purpose, indeed, if any ceremony is
necessary, or downright sincerity not established between us.
tell me that you are recovered, and that I shall see you some
time or other. I have finished the catalogue of my collection;
but you shall never have it without fetching, nor, though a
less punishment, the prints you desire. I propose in time to
have plates of my house added to 'the Catalogue, yet I Cannot
afford them, unless by degrees. Engravers are grown so much
dearer, without My growing richer, that I must have patience! a
quality I seldom have, but when I must. Adieu! Yours ever.
P. S. I have lately been at Ampthill, and saw Queen Catherine's
cross. It is not near large enough for the situation, and would
be fitter for a garden than a park: but it is executed in the
truest and best taste. Lord Ossory is quite satisfied, as well
as I, and designs Mr. Essex a present of some guineas. If ever
I am richer, I shall consult the same honest man about building
my offices, for Which I have a plan: but if I have no more
money, ever, I Will not run in debt, and distress myself: and
therefore remit my designs to chance and a little economy.
Letter 69 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, June 23, 1774. (page 94)
I have nothing to say--which is the best reason in the world
for writing; for one must have a great regard for any body, one
writes to, when one begins a letter neither on ceremony nor
business. You are seeing armies,(112) who are always in fine
order--and great spirits when they are in cold blood: I am
sorry you thought it worth while to realize what I should have
thought you could have seen in your mind's eye. However, I
hope you will be amused and pleased With viewing heroes, both
in their autumn and their bud. Vienna will be a new sight; so
will the Austrian eagle and its two heads, I should like
seeing, too, if any fairy would present me with a chest that
would fly up into the air by touching a peg, and transport me
whither I pleased in an instant: but roads, and inns, and dirt,
are terrible drawbacks on My curiosity. I grow so old and so
indolent, that I scarce stir from hence; and the dread of the
gout makes me almost as much a prisoner, as a fit of it. News
I know none, if there is any. The papers tell me that the city
was to present a petition to The King against the Quebec-bill
yesterday; and I suppose they will tell me to-morrow whether it
was presented. The King's speech tells me, there has nothing
happened between the Russians and the Turks.(113) Lady
Barrymore told me t'other day, that nothing was to happen
between her and Lord Egremont. I am as well satisfied with
these negatives, as I should have been with the contrary. I am
much more interested about the rain, for it destroys all my
roses and orange-flowers, of which I have exuberance; and my
hay is cut, and cannot be made. However, it is delightful to
have no other distresses. When I compare my present
tranquillity and indifference with all I suffered last
year,(114) I am thankful for my happiness and enjoy it--unless
the bell rings early in the morning--then I tremble, and think
it an express from Norfolk.
It is unfortunate that when one has nothing to talk of but
one's self, one should have nothing to' say of one's self. It
is shameful, too, to send such a scrap by the post. I think I
shall reserve it till Tuesday. If -I have then nothing to add,
as is probable, you must content yourself with my good
intentions, as you, I hope, will with this speculative
campaign. Pray, for the future, remain at home and build
bridges: I wish you were here to expedite ours to Richmond,
which they tell me Will not be passable these two years. I
have done looking so forward. Adieu!
(112) Mr. Conway was now on a tour of military curiosity
through Flanders, Germany, Prussia, and part of Hungary.
(113) Peace between Russia and Turkey Was proclaimed at St.
Petersburgh on the 14th of August, 1774.-E.
(114) During the illness of his nephew, Lord Orford.
Letter 70 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Matson, near Gloucester, Aug. 15, 1774. (page 95)
Dear Sir,
As I am your disciple in antiquities (for you studied them when
I was but a scoffer), I think it my duty to give you some
account of my journeying, in the good cause. You will not
dislike my date. I am in the Very mansion where King Charles
the First and his two eldest sons lay during the siege; and
there are marks of the last's
hacking with his hanger on a window, as he told Mr. Selwin's
grandfather afterwards. The present master has done due honour
to the royal residence, and erected a good marble bust of the
Martyr, in a little gallery. In a window is a shield in
painted glass, with that King's and his Queen's arms, which I
gave him. So you see I am not a rebel, when alma mater
antiquity stands godmother.
I went again to the cathedral, and, on seeing the monument of
Edward II a new historic doubt started which I pray you to
solve. His Majesty has a longish beard - and such were
certainly worn at that time. Who is the first historian that
tells the story of his being shaven with cold water from a
ditch and weeping to supply warm, as he was carried to Berkeley
Castle? Is not this apocryphal? The house whence Bishop
Hooper(115) was carried to the stake, is still standing, tale
quale. I made a visit to his actual successor, Warburton, 'who
is very infirm, speaks with much hesitation, and, they say,
begins to lose his memory. They have destroyed the beautiful
cross; the two battered heads of Henry III. and Edward III. are
in the Postmaster's garden.
Yesterday I made a jaunt four miles hence that pleased me
exceedingly, to Prinknash, the individual villa of the abbots
of Gloucester. I wished you there with their mitre on. It
stands on a glorious, but impracticable hill, in the midst of a
little forest of beech, and commanding Elysium. The house is
small, but has good rooms, and though modernized here and
there, not extravagantly. On the ceiling of the hall is Edward
IVth's Jovial device, a fau-con serrure. The chapel is low and
small, but antique, and with painted glass, with many angels in
their coronation robes, i. e. wings and crowns. Henry VIII.
and Jane Seymour lay here: in the dining-room are their arms in
glass, and of Catherine of Arragon, and of Brays and Bridges.
Under the window, a barbarous bas-relief head of Harry, young:
as it is still on a sign of an alehouse, on the descent of the
hill. Think of my amazement, when they showed me the chapel
plate, and I found on it, on four pieces, my own arms,
quartering my mother-in-law, Skerret's, and in a shield of
pretence, those of Fortescue certainly by mistake, for those of
my sister-in-law, as the barony of Clinton was in abeyance
between her and Fortescue Lord Clinton. The whole is modern
and blundered: for Skerret should be impaled, not quartered,
and instead of our crest, are two spears tied together in a
ducal coronet, and no coronet for my brother, in whose time
this plate must have been made, and at whose sale it was
probably bought; as he finished the repairs of the church at
Houghton, for which, I suppose, this decoration was intended.
But the silversmith was no herald, you see.
As I descended the hill, I found in a wretched cottage a child,
in an ancient oaken cradle, exactly in the form of that lately
published from the cradle of Edward II. I purchased it for
five shillings; but don't know whether I shall have fortitude
enough to transport it to Strawberry Hill. People would
conclude me in my second childhood.
To-day I have been at Berkeley and Thornbury Castles. The
first disappointed me much, though very entire. It is much
smaller than I expected, but very entire, except a small part
burnt two years ago, while the present Earl was in the house.
The fire began in the housekeeper's room, who never appeared
more; but as she was strict over the servants, and not a bone
of her was found, it was supposed that she was murdered, and
the body conveyed away. The situation is not elevated nor
beautiful, and little improvements made of late, but some silly
ones `a la Chinoise, by the present Dowager. In good sooth, I
can give you but a very imperfect account; for, instead of the
lord's
being gone to dine with the mayor of Gloucester, as I expected,
I found him in the midst of all his captains of the militia. I
am so sillily shy of strangers and youngsters, that I hurried
through the chambers; and looked for nothing but the way out of
every room. I just observed that there were many bad portraits
of the family, but none ancient; as if the Berkeleys had been
commissaries, and raised themselves in the last war. There is
a plentiful addition of those of my Lord Berkeley of Stratton,
but no knights templars, or barons as old as Edward I.; yet are
there three beds on which there may have been as frisky doings
three centuries ago, as there probably have been within these
ten ears. The room shown for the murder of Edward II., and the
shrieks of an agonizing king, I verily believe to be genuine.
It is a dismal chamber, almost at top of the house, quite
detached, and to be approached only by a kind of foot-bridge,
and from that 'descends' a large flight of steps that terminate
on strong gates; exactly the situation for a corps de garde.
In that room they show you a cast of a face in plaister, and
tell you it was taken from Edward's. I was not quite so easy
of faith about that; for it is evidently the face of Charles I.
The steeple of the church, lately rebuilt handsomely, stands
some paces from the body; in the latter are three tombs of the
old Berkeleys;, with cumbent figures. The wife of the Lord
Berkeley,(116) who was supposed to be privy to the murder, has
a curious headgear; it is like a long horseshoe, quilted in
quatrefoils; and, like Lord Foppington's wig, allows no more
than the breadth of a half-crown to be discovered of the face.
Stay, I think I mistake; the husband was a conspirator against
Richard II. not Edward. But in those days, loyalty was not so
rife as at present.
>From Berkeley Castle I went to Thornbury, of which the ruins
are half-ruined. It would have been glorious, if
finished.(117) I wish the lords of Berkeley had retained the
spirit of deposing till Henry the VIIIth's time! The situation
is fine, though that was not the fashion; for all the windows
of the great apartment look into the inner court. The prospect
was left to the servants. Here I had two adventures. I could
find nobody to show me about. I saw a paltry house that I took
for the sexton's, at the corner of the close, and bade my
servant ring, and ask who could show me the Castle. A voice in
a passion flew, from a casement, and issued from a divine.
"What! was it his business to show the Castle? - Go look for
somebody else! What did the fellow ring for as if the house was
on fire?" The poor
Swiss came back in a fright, and said, the doctor had sworn at
him. Well--we scrambled over a stone stile, saw a room or two
glazed near the gate, and rung at it. A damsel came forth and
satisfied our curiosity. When we had done seeing, I said,
"Child, we don't know our Way, and want to be directed into the
London road; I see the Duke's steward yonder at the window,
pray desire him to come to me, that I may consult him." She
went--he stood staring at us at the window, and sent his
footman. I do not think courtesy is a resident at Thornbury.
As I returned through the close, the divine came running, out
of breath, and without his beaver or band, and calls out, "Sir,
I am come to justify myself: your servant says I swore at him:
I am no swearer--Lord bless me! (dropping his voice) it is Mr.
Walpole!" "Yes, Sir, and I think you was Lord Beauchamp's
tutor at Oxford, but I have forgot your name." "Holwell, Sir."
"Oh! yes." and then I comforted him, and laid the ill-breeding
on my footman's being a foreigner; but could not help saying, I
really had taken his house for the sexton's. "Yes, Sir, it is
not very good without, won't you please to walk in!" I did, and
found the inside ten times worse, and He was making an Index to
Homer, a lean wife, suckling a child. He is going to publish
the chief beauties, and I believe had just been reading some of
the delicate civilities that pass between Agamemnon and
Achilles, and that what my servant took for oaths, were only
Greek compliments.(118) Adieu! Yours ever.
You see I have not a line more of paper.
(115) John Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester, who, having refused to
recant his opinions, was burned alive before the cathedral of
Gloucester in the year 1554.-E.
(116) Thomas, third Lord Berkeley, was entrusted with the
custody of Edward II.; but, owing to the humanity with which he
treated the captive monarch, he was forced to resign his
prisoner and his castle to Lord Maltravers and Sir Thomas
Gournay. After the murder of Edward, Lord Berkeley was
arraigned as a participator in the crime, but honourably
acquitted. The Lady Berkeley alluded to by Walpole was his
first wife, Margaret, daughter of Roger de Mortimer, Earl of
March, and widow of Robert Vere, Earl of Oxford.-E.
(117) Thornbury Castle was designed, but never finished by the
Duke of Buckingham, in Henry VIII's time.-E.
(118) The Rev. William Holwell, vicar of Thornbury, prebendary
of Exeter, and some time chaplain to the King. He was
distinguished by superior talents as a scholar, and a critical
knowledge of the Greek language. His "Extracts from Mr. Pope's
Translation, corresponding with the Beauties of Homer, selected
from the Iliad," were published in 1776.-E.
Letter 71 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, August 18, 1774. (page 98)
It is very hard, that because you do not get my letters, you
will not let me receive yours, who do receive them. I have not
had a line from you these five weeks. Of your honours and
glories fame has told me;(119) and for aught I know, you may be
a veldt-marshal by this time, and despise such a poor cottager
as me. Take notice I shall disclaim you in my turn, if you are
sent on a command against Dantzich, or to usurp a new district
in Poland.(120)
I have seen no armies, kings, or. empresses, and cannot send
you such august gazettes; nor are they what I want to hear of.
I like to hear you are well and diverted; nay, have pimped
towards the latter, by desiring Lady Ailesbury to send you
Monsieur do Guisnes's invitation to a military f`ete at
Metz.(121) For my part, I wish you was returned to your
plough. Your Sabine farm is in high beauty. I have lain there
twice within this week, going to and from a visit to George
Selwyn, near Gloucester; a tour as much to my taste as yours to
you. For fortified towns I have seen ruined castles.
Unluckily, in that of Berkeley I found a hole regiment of
militia in garrison, and as many young officers as if the
Countess was
in possession, and ready to surrender at indiscretion. I
endeavoured to comfort myself, by figuring that they were
guarding Edward II. I have seen many other ancient sights
without asking leave of the King of Prussia: it would not
please me so much to write to him, as it once did to write for
him.(122)
They have found at least seventy thousand pounds of Lord
Thomond's.(123) George Howard has decked himself with a red
riband, money, and honours! Charming things! and yet One may
be happy without them.
The young Mr. Coke is returned from his travels n love with the
Pretender's queen,(124) who has permitted him to have her
picture. What can I tell you more? Nothing. Indeed, if I
only write to postmasters, my letter is long enough. Every
body's head but mine is full of elections. I had the
satisfaction at Gloucester, where George Selwyn is canvassing,
of reflecting on my own wisdom. "Suave mari maggno turbantibus
aequora ventis," etc. I am certainly the greatest philosopher
in the world, without ever having thought of being so: always
employed, and never busy;' eager about trifles, and indifferent
to every thing serious. Well, if it is not philosophy, it is
at least content. I am as pleased here with my own nutshell,
as any monarch you have seen these two months astride his
eagle--not but I was dissatisfied when I missed you at
Park-place, and was peevish at your being in an Aulic chamber.
Adieu! Yours ever.
P- S. They tell us from Vienna, that the peace is made between
Tisiphone and the Turk: is it true?
(119) Alluding to the distinguished notice taken of General
Conway by the King of Prussia.
(120) The first dismemberment of Poland had taken place in the
preceding year, by which a third of her territory was ceded to
Russia, Austria, and Prussia.-E.
(121) To see the review of the French regiment of Carabineers,
then commanded by Monsieur de Guisnes.
(122) Alluding to the Letter to Rousseau in the name of the
King of Prussia.
(123) Percy Wyndham Obrien. He was the second son of Sir
Charles Wyndham, chancellor of the exchequer to Queen Anne; and
took the name of Obrien, pursuant to the Earl of Thomond in
Ireland.
(124) The Countess of Albany.-E.
Letter 72 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 7, 1774. (page 99)
I did not think you had been so like the rest of the world, as,
when you pretended to be visiting armies, to go in search of
gold and silver mines!(125) The favours of courts and the
smiles of emperors and kings, I see, have corrupted even you,
and perverted you to a nabob. Have you brought away an ingot
in the calf of your leg? What abomination have you committed?
All the gazettes in Europe have sent you on different
negotiations: instead of returning With a treaty in your
pocket, you will only come back with bills of exchange. I
don't envy your subterraneous travels, nor the hospitality of
the Hungarians. Where did you find a spoonful of Latin about
you? I have not attempted to speak Latin these thirty years,
without perceiving I was talking Italian thickened with
terminations in us and orum. I should have as little expected
to find an Ovid in those regions; but I suppose the gentry of
Presburg read him for a fashionable author, as our squires and
their wives do the last collections of ballads that have been
sung at Vauxhall and Marybone. I wish you may have brought
away some sketches of Duke Albert's architecture. You know I
deal in the works of royal authors, though I have never admired
any of their own buildings, not excepting King Solomon's
temple. Stanley(126) and Edmondson in Hungary! What carried
them thither? The chase of mines too? The first, perhaps,
waddled thither obliquely, as a parrot would have done whose
direction was to Naples.
Well, I am glad you have been entertained, and seen such a
variety of sights. You don't mind fatigues and hardships, and
hospitality, the two extremes that to me poison travelling. I
shall never see any thing more, unless I meet with a ring that
renders one invisible. It was but the other day that, being
with George Selwyn at Gloucester, I Went to view Berkeley
Castle, knowing the Earl was to dine with the mayor of
Gloucester. Alas! when I arrived, he had put off the party to
enjoy his militia a day longer, and the house was full of
officers. They might be in the Hungarian dress, for aught I
knew; for I was so dismayed, that I would"fain have persuaded
the housekeeper that she could not show me the apartments; and
when she opened the hall, and I saw it full of captains, I hid
myself in a dark passage, and nothing could persuade me to
enter, till they had the civility to quit the place. When I
was forced at last to go over the castle, I ran through it
without seeing any thing, as if I had been afraid of being
detained prisoner.
I have no news to send you: if I had any, I would not conclude,
as all correspondents do, that Lady Ailesbury left nothing
Untold. Lady Powis is gone to hold mobs at Ludlow, where there
is actual war, and where a knight, I forget his name, one of
their friends, has been almost cut in two with a scythe. When
you have seen all the armies in Europe, you will be just in
time for many election-battles--perhaps, for a war in America,
whither more troops are going. Many of those already sent have
deserted; and to be sure the- prospect there is not smiling.
Apropos, Lord Mahon,(127) whom Lord Stanhope, his father, will
not suffer to wear powder because wheat is so dear, was
presented t'other day in coal-black hair and a white feather:
they said, "he had been tarred and feathered."
In France you will find a new scene.(128) The Chancellor is
sent, a little before his time, to the devil. The old
Parliament is expected back. I am sorry to say I shall not
meet you there. It will be too late in the year for me to
venture, especially as I now live in dread of my biennial gout,
and should die of it in an h`otel garni, and forced to receive
all comers--I, who you know lock myself up when I am ill as if
I had the plague.
I wish I could fill my sheet, in return for your five pages.
The only thing-you will care for knowing is, that I never saw
Mrs. Damer better in her life, nor look so well. You may trust
me, who am so apt to be frightened about her.
(125) Mr. Conway had gone to see the gold and silver mines of
cremnitz, in the neighbourhood of Grau, in Hungary.
(126) Mr. Hans Stanley.
(127) Charles Viscount Mahon, born on the 3d of August 1753.
In the following December, he married Lady Hester Pitt, eldest
daughter of the Earl of Chatham. He succeeded his father, as
third Earl Stanhope, in March 1786, and died in 1816.-E.
(128) In Consequence of the death of Louis XV. on the 10th of
May.-E.
Letter 73 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 27, 1774. (page 101)
I should be very ungrateful indeed if I thought of complaining
of you, who are goodness itself to me: and when I did not
receive letters from 'you, I concluded it happened from your
eccentric positions. I am amazed, that hurried as YOU have
been, and your eyes and thoughts- crowded with objects, you
have been able to find time to write me so many and such long
letters, over and above all those to Lady, Ailesbury, your
daughter, brother, and other friends. Even Lord Strafford
brags of your frequent remembrance. That your superabundance
of royal beams would dazzle you, I never suspected. Even I
enjoy for you the distinctions you have received--though I
should hate such things for myself, as they are particularly
troublesome to me,'and I am particularly awkward under them,
and as I abhor the King of Prussia, and if I passed through
Berlin, should have no joy like avoiding him--like one of our
countrymen, who changed horses at Paris, and asked what the
name of that town was? All the other civilities you have
received I am perfectly happy in. The Germans are certainly a
civil, well-meaning people, and, I believe, one of the least
corrupted nations in Europe. I do not think them very
agreeable; but who do I think are so? A great many French
women, some English men, and a few English women; exceedingly
few French men. Italian women are the grossest, vulqarest of
the sex. If an Italian man has a grain of sense, he is a
buffoon. So much for Europe!
I have already told you, and so must Lady Ailesbury, that my
courage fails me, and I dare not meet you at Paris, As the
period arrived when the gout used to come, it is never a moment
out of my head. Such a suffering, such a helpless condition as
I was in for five months and a half, two years ago, makes me
tremble from head to foot. I should die at once if seized in a
French inn; or, what, if possible, would be worse, at Paris,
where I must admit every body.--I, who you know can hardly bear
to see even you when I am ill, and who shut up myself here, and
would not let Lord and Lady Hertford come near me--I, who have
my room washed though in bed, how could I bear French dirt! In
short, I, who am so capricious, and whom you are pleased to
call a philosopher, I suppose because I have given up every
thing but my own will--how could I keep my temper, who have no
way of keeping my temper but by keeping it out of every body's
way! No, I must give up the satisfaction of being with you at
Paris. I have just learnt to give up my pleasures, but I
cannot give up my pains, which such selfish people as I who
have suffered much, grow to compose into a system that they are
partial to, because it is their own. I must make myself amends
when you return: you will be more stationary, I hope, for the
future; and if I live I shall have intervals of health. In
lieu of me, you will have a charming succedaneum, Lady Harriet
Stanhope.(129) Her father, who is more a hero than i, is
packing up his old decrepit bones, and goes too. I wish she
may not have him to nurse, instead of diverting herself.
The present state of your country is, that it is drowned and
dead drunk; all water without, and wine within. Opposition for
the next elections every where, even in Scotland; not from
party, but as laying Out money to advantage. In the
head-quarters, indeed, party is not out of the question: the
day after to-morrow will be a great bustle in the city for a
Lord Mayor,(130) and all the winter in Westminster, where Lord
Mahon and Humphrey Cotes oppose the court. Lady Powis is
saving her money at Ludlow and Powis Castles by keeping open
house day and night against Sir Watkin Williams, and fears she
shall be kept there till the general election. It has rained
this whole month, and we have got another inundation. The
Thames is as broad as your Danube, and all my meadows are under
water. Lady Browne and I, coming last Sunday night from Lady
Blandford's, were in a piteous plight. The ferryboat was
turned round by the current, and carried to Isleworth. Then we
ran against the piers of our new bridge, and the horses were
frightened. Luckily, my cicisbeo -was a Catholic, and screamed
to so many Saints, that some of them at the nearest alehouse
came and saved us, or I should have had no more gout, or what I
dreaded I should; for I concluded we should be carried ashore
somewhere, and be forced to wade through the mud up to my
middle. So you see one may wrap oneself up in flannel and be
in danger, without visiting all the armies on the face of the
globe, and putting the immortality of one's chaise to the
proof.
I am ashamed Of sending you three sides of smaller paper in
answer to seven large--but what can I do? I see nothing, know
nothing, do nothing. My castle is finished, I have nothing new
to read, I am tired of writing, I have no new or old bit for my
printer. I have only black hoods around me; or, if I go to
town, the family-party in Grosvenor Street. One trait will
give you a sample of how I passed my time, and made me laugh,
as it put me in mind of you; at least it was a fit of absence,
much more likely to have happened to you than to me. I was
playing eighteenpenny tredrille with the Duchess of
Newcastle(131) and Lady Browne, and certainly not much
interested in the game. I cannot recollect nor conceive what I
was thinking of, but I pushed the cards very gravely to the
Duchess, and said, "Doctor, you are to deal." You may guess at
their astonishment, and how much it made us all laugh. I wish
it may make you smile a moment, or that I had any thing better
to send you. Adieu, most affectionately. Yours ever.
(129) a Daughter of the Earl of Harrington. Her ladyship was
married, in 1776, to Thomas second Lord Foley.-E.
(130) When Mr. Wilkes was elected.
(131) Catherine, eldest daughter and heiress of the Right Hon.
Henry Pelham, married to Henry ninth Earl of Lincoln; who, in
consequence of his marriage with her, inherited in 1768, the
dukedom of Newcastle-under-Line on the demise of the Countess's
uncle, Thomas Pelham Holles, Who had been created Duke of
Newcastle.under-Line, with special remainder to the Earl of
Lincoln , in 1756 _E.
Letter 74 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 28, 1774. (page 103)
Lady Ailesbury brings you this,(132) which is not a letter, but
a paper of direction, and the counterpart of what I have
written to Madame du Deffand. I beg of you seriously to take a
great deal of notice of this dear old friend of mine. She
will, perhaps, expect more attention
from you, as my friend, and as it is her own nature a little,
than will be quite convenient to you: but you have an infinite
deal of patience and good-nature, and will excuse it. I was
afraid of her importuning Madame Ailesbury, who has a vast deal
to see and do, and, therefore, I prepared Madame du Deffand,
and told her Lady Ailesbury loves amusements, and that, having
never been at Paris before, she must not confine her: so you
must pay for both--and it will answer: and- I do not, I own,
ask this Only for Madame du Deffand's sake, but for my own, and
a little for yours. Since the late King's death she has not
dared to write to me freely, and I want to know the present
state of 'France exactly, both to satisfy my Own curiosity, and
for her sake, as- I wish to learn whether her, pension, etc. is
in any danger from the present ministry, some of whom are not
her friends. She can tell you a great deal if she will--by
that I don't mean that she is reserved, or partial to, her Own
country against ours--quite the contrary; she loves me better
than all France together--but she hates politics; and
therefore, to make her talk on it, you must tell her it is to
satisfy me, and that I want to know whether she is well at
court, whether she has any fears from the government,
particularly Maurepas and Nivernois: and that I am eager to
have Monsieur do Choiseul and ma grandmaman, the Duchess,
restored to power. If you take it on this foot easily, she
will talk to you with the utmost frankness and with amazing
cleverness. I have told her you are strangely absent, and
that, if she does not repeat it over and over, you will forget
every syllable; so I have prepared her to joke and be quite
familiar with you at once.(133) She knows more of personal
characters, and paints them better, than any body: but let this
be between ourselves, for I would not have a living soul
suspect, that I get any intelligence from her, which would hurt
her; and, therefore, I beg you not to let any human being know
of this letter, nor of your conversation with her, neither
English nor French.
Madame du Deffand hates les philosophes; so you must give them
up to her. She and Madame Geoffrin are no friends: so, if you
go thither, don't tell her of it. Indeed, you would be sick of
that house, whither all pretended beaux esprits and faux
savants go, and where they are very impertinent and dogmatic.
Let me give you one other caution, which I shall give to Lady
Ailesbury too. Take care of your papers at Paris, and have a
very strong lock to your porte-feuille. In the h`otels garnis
they have double keys to every lock, and examine every drawer
and paper of the English they can get at. They will pilfer,
too, whatever they can. I was robbed of half my clothes there
the first time, and they wanted to hang poor Louis to save the
people of the house who had stolen the things.
Here is another thing I must say. Madame du Deffand has kept a
great many of my letters, and, as she is very old, I am in pain
about them. I have written to her to beg she will deliver them
up to you to bring back to me, and I trust she Will.(134) If
she does, be so good to take great care of them. If she does
not mention them, tell her before you come away, that I begged
you to bring them; and if she hesitates, convince her how it
would hurt me to have letters written in very bad French, and
mentioning several people, both French and English, fall into
bad hands, and, perhaps, be printed.
Let me desire you to read this letter more than once, that you
may not forget my requests, which are very important to me; and
I must give you one other caution, without which all would be
useless.
There is at Paris a Mademoiselle de l,Espinasse,(135) a
pretended bel esprit, who was formerly an humble companion of
Madame du Deffand; and betrayed her and used her very ill. I
beg of you not to let any body carry you thither. It Would
disoblige my friend of all things in the world, and she would
never tell you a syllable; and I own it would hurt me, who have
such infinite obligations to her, that I should be very unhappy
if a particular friend of mine showed her this disregard. She
has done every thing upon earth to please and serve me, and I
owe it to her to be earnest about this attention. Pray do not
mention it; it might look simple in me, and yet I owe it to
her, as I know it would hurt her, and, at her age, with her
misfortunes, and with infinite obligations on my side, can I do
too much to show My gratitude, or prevent her any new
mortification? I dwell upon it, because she has some enemies so
spiteful that they try to carry all English to Mademoiselle de
l'Espinasse.
I wish the Duchess of Choiseul may come to Paris while you are
there; but I fear she will not; you would like her of all
things. She has more sense and more virtues than almost any
human being. If you choose to see any of the savans, let me
recommend Monsieur Buffon. He has not only much more sense
than any of them, but is an excellent old man, humane, gentle,
well-bred, and with none of the arrogant pertness of all the
rest. if he is at Paris, you will see a good deal of the Comte
d e Broglie at Madame du Deffand's. He is not a genius of the
first water, but lively and sometimes agreeable. The court, I
fear, will be at Fontainbleau, which will prevent your seeing
many, unless you go thither. Adieu! at Paris! I leave the rest
of my paper for England, if I happen to have any thing
particular to tell you.
(132) Mr. Conway ended is military tour at Paris; whither Lady
Ailesbury and Mrs. Damer went to meet him, and where they spent
the winter together.
(133) In her letter to Walpole, of the 28th of October, Madame
du Deffand draws the following portrait of General Conway:--
"Selon l'id`ee que vous m'en aviez donn`ee, je le croyais
grave, s`ev`ere, froid, imposant; c'est l'homme le plus
aimable, le plus facile, le plus doux, le plus obligeant, et le
plus simple que je connaisse. Il n'a pas ces premiers
mouvemens de sensibilit`e qu'on trouve en vous, mais aussi
n'a-t-il pas votre humeur."-E.
(134) To this request Madame du Deffand replied--"Je ne me
flatte point de vous revoir l'ann`ee prochaine, et le renvoi
que vous voulez que je vous fasse de vos lettres est ce qui
m'en fait denier. Ne serait-il pas plus naturel, si vous
deviez venir, que je vous les rendisse `a vous-m`eme? car vous
ne pensez pas que je ne puisse vivre encore un an. Vous me
faites croire, Par votre m`efiance, que vous avez en vue
d'effacer toute trace de votre intelligence avec Moi."-E.
(135) Mademoiselle de l'Espinasse, the friend of D'Alembert,
born at Lyons in 1732, was the natural child of Mademoiselle
d'Albon, whose legitimate daughter was married to the Marquis
de Vichy. After the death of her mother, she resided with
Monsieur and Madame de Vichy; but in consequence of some
disagreements, left them, and in May
1754, went to reside with Madame du Deffand, with whom she
remained until 1764. The letters of Mademoiselle de
l'Espinasse were published some few years since.-E.
Letter 75 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 11, 1774. (page 105)
Dear Sir,
I answer yours immediately; as one pays a shilling to clench a
bargain, when one suspects the seller. I accept your visit in
the last week of this month, and will prosecute you if you do
not execute. I have nothing to say about elections, but that I
congratulate myself ,every time I feel I have nothing to do
with them. By my nephew's strange conduct about his boroughs,
and by many other reasons, I doubt whether he is so well as he
seemed to Dr. Barnardiston. It is a subject I do not love to
talk on; but I know I tremble every time the bell rings at my
gate at an unusual hour.
Have you seen Mr. Granger's Supplement? Methinks it grows too
diffuse. I have hinted to him that fewer panegyrics from
funeral orations would not hurt it. Adieu!
Letter 76 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Sunday, Oct. 16, 1774. (page 106)
I received this morning your letter of the 6th from Strasburg;
and before you get this you will have had three from me by Lady
Ailesbury. One of them should have reached you much sooner;
but Lady Ailesbury kept it, not being sure where you was. It
was in answer to one in which you told me an anecdote, which in
this last you ask if I had received.
Your letters are always so welcome to me, that you certainly
have no occasion for excusing what you say or do not say. Your
details amuse me, and so would what you suppress; for, though I
have no military genius or curiosity, whatever relates to
yourself must interest me. The honours you have received,
though I have so little taste for such things myself, gave me
great satisfaction; and I do not know whether there is not more
pleasure in not being a prophet in one's own country, when one
is almost received like Mahomet in every other. To be an idol
at home, is no assured touchstone of merit. Stocks and stones
have been adored in fifty regions, but do not bear
transplanting. The Apollo Belvidere and the Hercules Farnese
may lose their temples, but never lose their estimation, by
travelling.
Elections, you may be sure, are the only topic here at
present--I mean in England--not on this quiet hill, where I
think of them as little as of the spot where the battle of
Blenheim was fought. They say there will not be much
alteration, but the phoenix will rise from its ashes with most
of its old plumes, or as bright. Wilkes at first seemed to
carry all before him, besides having obtained the mayoralty of
London at last. Lady Hertford told me last Sunday, that he
would carry twelve members. I have not been in town since, nor
know any thing but what I collect from the papers; so. if my
letter is opened, M. de Vergennes will not amass any very
authentic intelligence from my despatches.
What I have taken notice of, is as follows: For the city Wilkes
will have but three members: he will lose Crosby, and Townsend
will carry Oliver. In Westminster, Wilkes will not have one;
his Humphrey Cotes is by far the lowest on the poll; Lord Percy
and Lord T. Clinton are triumphant there. Her grace of
Northumberland sits at a window in Covent-garden, harangues the
mob, and is "Hail, fellow, well met!" At Dover, Wilkes has
carried one, and probably will come in for Middlesex himself
with Glynn. There have been great endeavours to oppose him,
but to no purpose. Of this I am glad, for I do not love a mob
so near as Brentford especially, as my road lies through it.
Where he has any other interest I am too ignorant in these
matters to tell you. Lord John Cavendish is opposed at York,
and at the beginning of the poll had the fewest numbers.
Charles Fox, like the ghost in Hamlet, has shifted to many
quarters; but in most the cock crew, and he walked off.(136) In
Southwark there has been outrageous rioting; but I neither know
the candidates, their connexions, nor success. This, perhaps,
will appear a great deal of news at Paris: here, I dare to say,
my butcher knows more.
I can tell you still less of America. There are two or three
more ships with forces going thither, and Sir William Draper as
second in command.
Of private news, except that Dyson has had a stroke of palsy
and will die, there is certainly none; for I saw that shrill
Morning Post, Lady Greenwich, two hours ago, and she did not
Know a paragraph.
I forgot to mention to you M. de Maurepas. He was by far the
ablest and most agreeable man I knew at Paris: and if you stay,
I think I could take the liberty of giving you a letter to him;
though, as he is now so great a man, and I remain so little an
one, I don't know whether it would be quite so proper--though
he was exceedingly good to me, and pressed me often to make him
a visit in the country. But Lord Stormont can certainly carry
you to him--a better passport.
There was one of my letters on which I wish to hear from you.
There are always English coming from Paris, who would bring
such a parcel: at least, you might send me one volume at a
time, and the rest afterwards: but I should not care to have
them ventured by the common conveyance. Madame du Deffand is
negotiating for an enamel picture for me; but, if she obtains
it, I had rather wait for it till you come. The books I mean,
are those I told you Lady Ailesbury and Mrs. Damer would give
you a particular account of, for they know my mind exactly.
Don't reproach me with not meeting you at Paris. Recollect
what I suffered this time two years; and, if you can have any
notion of fear, imagine my dread of torture for five months and
a half! When all the quiet of Strawberry did but just carry me
through it, could I support it in the noise of a French hotel!
and, what would be still worse, exposed to receive all visits?
for the French, you know, are never mor in public than in the
act of death. I am like animals, and love to hide myself when
I am dying. Thank God, I am now two days beyond the crisis
when I expected my dreadful periodic visitant, and begin to
grow very sanguine about the virtue of the bootikins. I shall
even have courage to go to-morrow to Chalfont for two days, as
it is but a journey of two hours. I would not be a day's
journey from hence for all Lord Clive's diamonds. This will
satisfy you. I doubt Madame du Deffand is not so easily
convinced--therefore, pray do not drop a hint before her of
blaming me for not meeting you rather assure her you are
persuaded it would have been too great a risk for me at this
season. I wish to have her quite clear of my attachment to
her; but that I do not always find so easy. You, I am sure,
will find her all zeal and entpressement for you and yours.
Adieu! Yours ever.
(136) Mr. Fox was returned for Malmesbury.-E.
Letter 77 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 29, 1774. (page 108)
I have received your letter of the 23d, and it certainly
overpays me, when you thank instead of scolding me, as I
feared. A passionate man has very little merit in being in a
passion, and is sure of saying many things he repents, as I do.
I only hope you think that I could not be so much in the wrong
for every body; nor should have been, perhaps, even for you, if
I had not been certain I was the only person, at that moment,
that could serve you essentially: and at such a crisis, I am
sure I should take exactly the same part again, except in
saying some things I did, of which I am ashamed!(137) I will
say no more now on that topic, nor on any thing relating to it,
because I have written my mind very fully, and you will know it
soon. I can only tell you now, that I approve extremely your
way of thinking, and hope you will not change it before you
hear from me, and know some material circumstances. You and
Lady Ailesbury and I agree exactly, and she and I certainly
consider only you. I do not answer her last, because I could
not help telling you how very kindly I take your letter. All I
beg is, that you would have no delicacy about my serving you
any way. You know it is a pleasure to me: any body else may
have views that would embarrass you; and, therefore, till you
are on the spot, and can judge for yourself (which I always
insist on, because you are cooler than I, and because, though I
have no interests to serve, I have passions, which equally
mislead one,) it will be wiser to decline all kind of proposals
and offers. You will avoid the plague of contested elections
and solicitations: and I see no reasons, at present, that can
tempt you to be in a hurry.(138)
You must not expect to be Madame du Deffand's first favourite.
Lady Ailesbury has made such a progress there, that you will
not easily supplant her. I have received volumes in her
praise.(139) You have a better chance with Madame de Cambis,
who is very agreeable; and I hope you are not such an English
husband as not to conform to the manners of Paris while you are
there.
I forgot to mention one or two of my favourite objects to Lady
Ailesbury, nay, I am not sure she will taste one of them, the
church of the C`elestines. it is crowded with beautiful old
tombs; one of Francis II. whose beatitude is presumed from his
being husband of the martyr Mary Stuart. - Another is of the
first wife of John Duke of Bedford, the Regent Of France. I
think you was once there with me formerly. The other is
Richelieu's tomb, at the Sorbonne--but that every body is
carried to see. The H`otel de Carnavalet,(140) near the Place
Royale, is worth looking at, even for the fa`cade, as you drive
by. But of all earthly things the most worth seeing is the
house at Versailles, where the King's pictures, not hung up,
are kept. There is a treasure past belief, though in sad
order. and piled one against another. Monsieur de Guerchy once
carried me thither; and you may certainly get leave. At the
Luxembourg are some hung up, and one particularly is worth
going to see alone: it is the Deluge by Nicolo Poussin, as
winter. The three other seasons are good for nothing: but the
Deluge is the first picture in the world of its kind. You will
be shocked to see the glorious pictures at the Palais Royal
transplanted to new canvasses, and new painted and varnished,
as if they were to be scenes at the Opera-at least, they had
treated half-a-dozen of the best so, three years ago, and were
going on. The Prince of Monaco has a few fine, but still worse
used; one of them shines more than a looking glass. I fear the
exposition of pictures is over for this year; it is generally
very diverting.(141) I, who went into every church of Paris,
can assure you there are few worth it, but the Invalids-except
the scenery at St. Roch, about one or two o'clock at noon, when
the sun shines; the Carmelites, for the Guido and the portrait
of Madame de la Vali`ere as a Magdalen; the Val de Grace, for a
moment; the treasure at Notre Dame; the Sainte Chapelle, where
in the ante-chapel are two very large enamelled portraits; the
tomb of Cond`e at the Great Jesuits in the Rue St. Antoine, if
not shut up; and the little church of St. Louis in the Louvre,
where is a fine tomb of Cardinal Fleury, but large enough to
stand on Salisbury-plain. One thing some of u must remember,
as you return; nay, it is better to go soon to St. Denis, and
Madame du Deffand must get you a particular order to be shown
(which is never shown without) the effigies of the Kings.(142)
They are in presses over the treasure which is shown, and where
is the glorious antique cameo-cup; but the countenance of
Charles IX. is so horrid and remarkable, you would think he had
died on the morrow of the St. Barthelemi, and waked full of the
recollection. If you love enamels and exquisite medals, get to
see the collection of a Monsieur d'Henery, who lives in the
corner of the street where Sir John Lambert lives--I forget its
name. There is an old man behind the Rue de Colombier, who has
a great but bad collection of old French portraits; I delighted
in them, but perhaps you would not. I, you may be sure, hunted
out every thing of that sort. The convent and collection of
St. Germain, I mean that over against the H`otel du Parc Royal,
is well worth seeing--but I forget names strangely--Oh!
delightful!--Lord Cholmondeley sends me word he goes to Paris
on Monday: I shall send this and my other letter by him. It
was him I meant; I knew he was going and had prepared it.
Pray take care to lock up your papers in a strong box that
nobody can open. They imagine you are at Paris on some
commission, and there is no trusting French hotels or servants.
America is in a desperate situation, The accounts from the
Congress are not expected before the 10th, and expected very
warm. I have not time to tell you some manoeuvres against them
that will make your blood curdle. Write to me when you can by
private hands, as I will to you. There are always English
passing backwards and forwards.
(140) Where Madame de S`evign`e resided.
(141) He means from their extreme bad taste.
(142) The abbey of St. Denis was shorn of its glories during
the Revolution. On the 16th of October 1793, the coffin of
Louis XV. was taken out of the vaults; and, after a stormy
debate, it was decided to throw the remains of all the kings,
even those of Henry IV. and Louis XIV. which were yet to a
great degree preserved entire, into a pit, to melt down their
leaden coffins on the spot, and to take
away and cast into bullets whatever
lead remained in the church; not even excepting the roof.-E.
Letter 78 To The Countess Of Ailesbury.
Strawberry Hill, Nov. 7, 1774. (page 110)
I have written such tomes to Mr. Conway, Madam, and have so
nothing new to write, that I might as well, methinks, begin and
like the lady to her husband: "Je vous `ecris parce que je n'ai
rien `a faire: je finis parce que je n'ai rien `a vous dire."
Yes, I have two complaints to make, one of your ladyship, the
other of myself. You tell me nothing of Lady Harriet; have you
no tongue, or the French no eyes? or are her eyes employed in
nothing but seeing? What a vulgar employment for a fine
woman's eyes, after she has risen from her toilet! I declare I
will ask no more questions--what is it to me, whether she is
admired or not? I should know how charming she is, though all
Europe were blind. I hope I am not to be told by any barbarous
nation upon earth what beauty and grace are.
For myself, I am guilty of the gout in my elbow; the left-
-witness my handwriting. Whether I caught cold by the deluge
in the night, or whether the bootikins, like the water of Styx,
can only preserve the parts they surround, I doubt they have
saved me but three weeks, for so long my reckoning has been
out. However, as I feel nothing in my feet, I flatter myself
that this Pindaric transition will not be a regular ode, but a
fragment, the more valuable for being imperfect.
Now for my gazette.--Marriages--Nothing done. Intrigues--More
in the political than civil way. Births--Under par since Lady
Berkeley left off breeding. Gaming--Low water. Deaths--Lord
Morton, Lord Wentworth, Duchess Douglas. Election stock--More
buyers than sellers. Promotions--Mr. Wilkes as high as he can
go.--Apropos, he was told the Lord Chancellor intended to
signify to him, that the King did not approve the City's
choice: he replied, "Then I shall signify to his lordship, that
I am at least as fit to be Lord Mayor as he to be Lord
Chancellor." This being more gospel than every thing Mr.
Wilkes says, the formal approbation was given.
Mr. Burke has succeeded in Bristol, and Sir James Peachey will
miscarry in Sussex. But what care you, Madam, about our
Parliament? You will see the rentr`ee of the old one, with
songs and epigrams into the bargain. We do not shift our
Parliaments with so much gaiety. Money in one hand, and abuse
in t'other--those are all the arts we know. Wit and a gamut I
don't believe ever signified a Parliament,(143) whatever the
glossaries may say; for they never produce pleasantry and
harmony. Perhaps you may not taste this Saxon pun, but I know
it will make the Antiquarian Society die with laughing.
Expectation hangs on America. The result of the general
assembly is expected in four or five days. If one may believe
the papers, which one should not believe, the other side of the
waterists are not doux comme des moutons, and yet we do intend
to eat them. I was in town on Monday; the Duchess of Beaufort
graced our loo, and made it as rantipole as a Quaker's meeting.
Louis Quinze ,(144) I believe, is arrived by this time, but I
fear without quinze louis.
Your herb-snuff and the four glasses are lying in my warehouse,
but I can hear of no ship going to Paris. You are now at
FOntainbleau, but not thinking of Francis 1. the Queen of
Sweden, and Monaldelschi. It is terrible that one cannot go to
courts that are gone! You have supped with the Chevalier de
Boufflers: did he act every thing in the world, and sing every
thing in the world, and laugh at every thing in the world? Has
Madame de Cambis sung to you "Sans d`epit, sans
l`egert`e?"(145) Has Lord Cholmondeley delivered my pacquet?
I hear I have hopes of Madame d'Olonne.(146) Gout or no gout, I
shall be little in town till after Christmas. My elbow makes
me bless myself that I am not at Paris. Old age is no such
uncomfortable thing, if one gives oneself up to it with a good
grace, and don't drag it about
"To midnight dances and the public show."
If one stays quietly in one's own house in the country, and
cares for nothing but oneself, scolds one's servants, condemns
every thing that is new, and recollects how charming a thousand
things were formerly that were very disagreeable, one gets over
the winters very well, and the summers get over themselves.
(143) Witenagemoot.
(144) This was a cant name given to Lady Powis, who was very
fond of loo, and had lost much money at the game.
(145) The first words of a favourite French air.
(146) The Portrait in enamel of Madame d'Olonne by Petitot,
which Walpole afterwards purchased.-E.
Letter 79 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, Nov. 11, 1774. (page 112)
I am sorry there is still time, my dear lord, to write to you
again; and that though there is, I have so little to amuse you
with. One is not much nearer news for being within ten miles
of London than if in Yorkshire; and besides, whatever reaches
us, Lady Greenwich catches at the rebound before me, and Sends
you before I can. Our own circle furnishes very little.
Dowagers are good for propagating news when planted, but have
done with sending forth suckers. Lady Blandford's coffee-house
is removed to town, and the Duchess of Newcastle's is little
frequented, but by your sister Anne, Lady Browne, and me. This
morning, indeed, I was at a very fine concert at old Franks's
at Isleworth, and heard Leoni,(147) who pleased me more than
any thing I have heard these hundred years. There is a full
melancholy melody in his voice, though a falsetto, that nothing
but a natural voice ever compasses. Then he sung songs of
Handel in the genuine simple style, and did not put one in pain
like rope-dancers. Of the Opera I hear a dismal account; for I
did not go to it to sit in our box like an old King dowager by
myself. Garrick is treating the town, as it deserves and likes
to be treated, with scenes, fireworks, and his own writing. A
good new play I never expect to see more, nor have seen since
The Provoked Husband, which came out when I was at school.
Bradshaw is dead, they say by his own hand: I don't know
wherefore. I was told it was a great political event. If it
is, our politics run as low as our plays. From town I heard
that Lord Bristol was taken speechless with a stroke of the
palsy. If he dies, Madam Chudleigh(148) must be tried by her
peers, as she is certainly either duchess or countess. Mr.
Conway and his company are so pleased with Paris, that they
talk of staying till Christmas. I am glad; for they will
certainly be better diverted there than here. Your lordship's
most faithful servant.
(147) Leoni, a celebrated singer of the day, considered one of
the best in England. He was a Jew, and engaged at the
synagogues, from which he is said to have been dismissed for
singing in the Messiah of Handel.-E.
(148) The Duchess of Kingston; against whom an indictment for
bigamy was found on the 8th of December, she having married the
Duke of Kingston, having been previously married to the Hon.
Augustus John Hervey, then living, and who, by the death of his
brother, in March, 1775, became Earl of Bristol.-E.
Letter 80 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Nov. 12, 1774. (page 112)
I have received a delightful letter from you of four sheets,
and another since. I shall not reply to the campaigning part
(though much obliged to you for it), because I have twenty
other subjects -more pressing to talk of The first is to thank
you for your excessive goodness to my dear old friend-she has
some indiscretions, and you must not have any to her; but she
has the best heart in the world, and I am happy,, at her great
age, that she has spirits enough not to he always upon her
guard. A bad heart, especially after long experience,, is but
too apt to overflow inwardly with prudence. At least, as I am
but too like her, and have corrected too few of my faults, I
would fain persuade myself that some of them flow from a good
principle--but I have not time to talk of myself, though you
are much too Partial to me, and give me an opportunity; yet I
shall not take it.
Now for English news, and then your letter again. There has
been a great mortality here; though Death has rather been pri`e
than a volunteer. Bradshaw, as I told Lady Ailesbury last
post, shot himself. He is dead, totally undone. Whether that
alone was the cause, or whether he had not done something
worse, I doubt. I cannot conceive that, with his resources, he
should have been hopeless--and, to suspect him of delicacy,
impossible!
A ship is arrived from America, and I doubt with very bad
news; for none but trifling letters have yet been given out-
-but I am here, see nobody that knows any thing,,and only hear
by accident from people that drop in. The sloop that is to
bring the result of the general assembly is not yet come.
There are indeed rumours, that both the non-importation, and
even non-exportation have been decreed, and that the flame is
universal. I hope this is exaggerated! yet I am told the
stocks will fall very much in a day or two.
I have nothing to tell Lady Ailesbury, but that I hear a
deplorable account of the Opera. There is a new puppet-show at
Drury Lane, as fine as scenes can make it, called "The Maid of
the Oaks,"(149) and as dull as the author could not help making
it.
Except M. d'Herouville, I know all the people you name. C. I
doubt, by things I have heard formerly, may have been a
concessionnaire. The Duke, your protecteur(150) is mediocre
enough; You would have been more pleased with his wife. The
Chevalier's(151) bon-mot is excellent, and so is he. He has as
much buffonnerie as the Italians, With more wit and novelty.
His impromptu verses often admirable. Get Madame du Deffand to
show you his embassy to the Princess Christine, and his verses
on his eldest uncle, beginning Si Monsieur de Veau. His second
uncle has parts, but they are not so natural. Madame de
Caraman is a very good kind of woman, but has not a quarter of
her sister's parts.(152) Madame de Mirepoix is the agreeable
woman of the world when she pleases-but there, must not be a
card in the room. Lord * * * * has acted like himself; that
is, unlike any body else. You know, I believe, that I think
him a very good spetcr; but I have little opinion of his
judgment and knowledge of the world, and a great Opinion of his
affectation and insincerity. The Abb`e Raynal, though he wrote
that fine work on the Commerce des Deux Indes, is the most
tiresome creature in the world. The first time I met him was
at the dull Baron d'Olbach's: we were twelve at table: I
dreaded opening My Mouth in French, before so many people and
so many servants: he began questioning me, cross the table,
about our colonies, which I understand as little as I do
Coptic. I made him signs I was deaf. After dinner, he found I
was not, and never forgave me. Mademoiselle do Raucoux I never
saw till you told me Madame du Deffand said she was d`emoniaque
sans chaleur! What painting! I see her now. Le Kain sometimes
pleased me, oftener not. Mol`e is charming in genteel, or in
pathetic comedy, and would be fine in tragedy, if he was
stronger. Preville is always perfection. I like his wife in
affected parts, though not animated enough. There was a
delightful woman who did the Lady Wishforts, I don't know if
there still, I think her name Mademoiselle Drouin; and a fat
woman, rather elderly, who sometimes acted the soubrette. But
you have missed the Dumenil, and Caillaut! What irreparable
losses! Madame du Deffand, perhaps--I don't know--could obtain
your hearing the Clairon, yet the Dumenil was infinitely
preferable.
I could now almost find in my heart to laugh at you for liking
Boutin's garden.(153) Do you know, that I drew a plan of it,
as the completest absurdity I ever saw. What! a river that
wriggles at right angles through a stone gutter, with two tansy
puddings that were dug out of it, and three or four beds in a
row, by a corner of the wall, with samples of grass, corn, and
of en friche, like a tailor's paper of patterns! And you like
this! I will tell Park-place--Oh! I had forgot your audience in
dumb show--Well, as Madame de S`evign`e said, "Le Roi de
Prusse, c'est le plus grand Roi du monde still."(154) My love
to the old Parliament; I don't love new ones.
I went several times to Madame do Monconseil's, who is just
what you say. Mesdames de Tingri et de la Vauguion I never
saw: Madame de Noailles once or twice, and enough. You say
something of Madame de Mallet, which I could not read; for, by
the way, your brother and I agree that you are grown not to
write legibly: is that lady in being? I knew her formerly.
Madame de Blot(155) I know, and Monsieur de Paulmy I know; but
for Heaven's sake who is Colonel Conway?(156) Mademoiselle
Sanadon is la sana donna, and not Mademoiselle Celadon,(157) as
you call her. Pray assure my good Monsieur Schouwalov(158)of
my great regard: he is one of the best of beings.
I have said all I could, at least all I should. I reserve the
rest of my paper for a postscript; for this is but Saturday,
and my letter cannot depart till Tuesday: but I could not for
one minute defer answering your charming volumes, which
interest me so much. I grieve for Lady Harriet's swelled face,
and wish for both their sakes .She could transfer it to her
father. I assure her I meant nothing by desiring you to see
the verses to the Princess Christine,(159) wherein there is
very profane mention of a pair of swelled cheeks. I hear
nothing of Madame d'Olonne. Oh! make Madame du Deffand show
you the sweet portrait of Madame de Prie, the Duke of Bourbon's
mistress. Have you seen Madame de Monaco, and the remains of
Madame de Brionne? If -you wish to see Mrs. A * * *, ask for
the Princesse de Ligne. If you have seen Monsieur de Maurepas,
you have seen the late Lord Hardwicke.(160) By your not naming
him, I suppose the Duc de Nivernois, is not at Paris. Say a
great deal for me to M. de Guisnes.. You will not see my
passion, the Duchess de Chatillon. if You see Madame de
Nivernois, you will think the Duke of Newcastle is come to life
again. Alas! where is my Postscript? Adieu! Yours ever.
(149) Written by General Burgoyne. Walpole's opinion of the
General's abilities as a writer totally changed upon the
appearance of "The Heiress", which he always called the
greatest comedy in the English language.-E.
(150) The Duc de la Vali`ere: whom Mr. Conway had said, that,
when presented to him, "his reception was what might be called
good but rather de protection."
(151) The Chevalier de Boufflers; well known for his "Letters
from Switzerland," addressed to his mother; his "Reine de
Golconde," a tale; and a number of very pretty vers de
soci`et`e.-E.
(152) Madame de Cambis.-E.
(153) See another ludicrous description of this garden in a
letter to Mr. Chute; ante, P. 55, letter 31.-E.
(154) This alludes to Mr. Conway's presentation to the King of
France, Louis XVI. at Fontainbleau, of which, in his letter to
Mr. Walpole he gives the following account:-- "on St. Hubert's
day in the morning I had the honour of being presented to the
King: 'twas a good day, and an excellent deed. You may be sure
I was well received! the French are so polite! and their court
so Polished! The Emperor, indeed, talked to me every day; so
did the King of Prussia, regularly and much; but that was not
to be compared to the extraordinary reception of his most
Christian Majesty, who, when I was presented, did not stop nor
look to see what sort of an animal was offered to his notice,
but carried his head, as it seemed, somewhat higher, and passed
his way."
(155) Wife Of M. Chavigny de Blot, attached to the service of
the Duke of Orleans: she Was sister to the Comte d'Hennery, who
died at St. Domingo, where he was commander-in-chief.
(156) An officer in the French service.
(157) Mademoiselle Sanadon, a lady who lived with Madame du
Deffand. She was niece to the P`ere Sanadon, well known by his
translation of Horace, accompanied with valuable notes, and by
his elegant Poems and orations in the Latin language.-E.
(158) The Russian minister at Paris.
See vol. iii., Letter to the Earl of Hertford, March 26, 1765,
letter 245. Madame du Deffand thus describes the Count in a
letter to Walpole:--"Je trouve notre bon ami un peu ennuyeux;
il n'a nulle inflexion dans la parole, nul mouvement dans
l'`ame; ce qu'il dit est une lecture sans p`en`etration."-E.
(159) BY the Chevalier do Boufflers.
(160) He means, from their personal resemblance.
Letter 81 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, Nov. 27, 1774. (page 115)
I have received your delightful Plump packet with a letter of
six pages, one from Madame du Deffand, the Eloges,(161) and the
Lit de Justice. Now, observe my gratitude: I appoint you my
resident at Paris, but you are not to resemble all our
ministers abroad, and expect to live at home, which would
destroy my Lord Castlecomer's(162) view in your staying at
Paris. However, to prove to you that I have some gratitude
that is not totally selfish, I will tell you what little news I
know, before I answer your letter; for English news, to be
sure, is the most agreeable circumstance in a letter from
England.
On my coming to town yesterday, there was nothing but more
deaths--don't you think we have the plague? The Bishop of
Worcester,(163) Lord Breadalbane, Lord Strathmore. The first
fell from his horse, or with his horse, at Bath, and the
bishopric was incontinently given to Bishop North.
America is still more refractory, and I doubt will outvote the
ministry. They have picked General Gage's pocket of three
pieces of cannon,(164) and intercepted some troops that were
going to him. Sir William Draper is writing plans of
pacification in our newspapers; and Lord Chatham flatters
himself that he shall be sent for when the patient is given
over; which I don't think at all unlikely to happen. My poor
nephew is very political too: so we shall not want mad doctors.
Apropos, I hear Wilkes says he will propose Macreth for
Speaker.
The Ecclesiastical Court are come to a resolution that the
Duchess of Kingston is Mrs. Hervey; and the sentence will be
public in a -fortnight. It is not so certain that she will
lose the estate. Augustus(165) is not in a much more pleasant
predicament than she is. I saw Lord Bristol last night: he
looks perfectly well, but his speech is much affected, and his
right hand.
Lady Lyttelton, who, you know, never hears any thing that has
happened, wrote to me two days ago, to ask if it would not be
necessary for you to come over for the meeting of the
Parliament. I answered, very gravely, that to be sure you
ought: but though Sir James Morgan threatened you loudly with a
petition, yet, as it could not be heard till after Christmas, I
was afraid you could not be persuaded to come sooner. I hope
she will inquire who Sir James Morgan is, and that people will
persuade her she has made a confusion about Sir James Peachy.
Now for your letter.
I have been in the Chambre de Parlement, I think they call it
the Grande Chambre; and was shown the corner in which the
monarchs sit, and do not wonder you did not guess where it was
they sat. It is just like the dark corner, under the window,
where I always sat in the House of Commons. What has happened,
has passed exactly according to my ideas. When one King breaks
one parliament, and another, what can the result be but
despotism? or of what else is it a proof? If a Tory King
displaces his father's Whig lord
chamberlain, neither lord chamberlain has the more or the less
power ,over the theatres and court mournings and birthday
balls. All that can arrive is, that the people will be still
more attached to the old parliament, from this seeming
restitution of a right--but the people must have some power
before their attachment can signify a straw. The old
parliament, too, may some time or other give itself more airs
on this confession of right; but that too cannot be but in a
minority, when the power of the crown is lessened by reasons
that have nothing to do with the parliament. I will answer for
it, they will be too grateful to give umbrage to their
restorer. Indeed, I did not think the people would be so
quick-sighted at once, as to see the distinction of old and new
was without difference. Methinks France and England are like
the land and the sea; one gets a little sense when the other
loses it.
I am quite satisfied with all you tell me about my friend. My
intention is certainly to see her again, if I am able; but I am
too old to lay plans, especially when it depends on the despot
gout to register or cancel them. It is even melancholy to see
her, when it will probably be but once more; and still more
melancholy, when we ought to say to one another, in a different
sense from the common, au revoir! However, as mine is a pretty
cheerful kind of philosophy, I think the best way is to think
of dying, but to talk and act as if one was not to die; or else
one tires other people, and dies before one's time. I have
truly all the affection and attachment for her that she
deserves from me, or I should not be so very thankful as I am
for your kindness to her. The Choiseuls will certainly return
at Christmas, and will make her life much more agreeable. The
Duchess has as much attention to her as I could have; but that
will not keep me from making her a visit.
I have only seen, not known, the younger Madame de Boufflers.
For her musical talents, I am little worthy of them-yet I am
just going to Lady Bingham's to hear the Bastardella, whom,
though the first singer in Italy, Mrs. Yates could not or would
not agree with,(166) and she is to have twelve hundred pounds
for singing twelve times at the Pantheon, where, if she had a
voice as loud as Lord Clare's, she could not be heard. The two
bon-mots You sent me are excellent; but, alas! I had heard them
both before; consequently your own, which is very good too,
pleased me much more. M. de Stainville I think you will not
like: he has sense, but has a dry military harshness, that at
least did not suit me--and then I hate his barbarity to his
Wife.(167)
You was very lucky indeed to get one of the sixty tickets.(168)
Upon the whole, your travels have been very fortunate, and the
few mortifications amply compensated. If a Duke(169) has been
spiteful when your back was turned, a hero-king has been all
courtesy. If another King has been silent, an emperor has been
singularly gracious- -Frowns or silence may happen to anybody:
the smiles have been addressed to you particularly. So was the
ducal frown indeed-but would you have earned a smile at the
price set on it? One cannot do right and be always applauded--
but in such cases are not frowns tantamount?
As my letter will not set forth till the day after to-morrow, I
reserve the rest for my additional news, and this time will
reserve it.
St. Parliament's day, 29th, after breakfast.
The speech is said to be firm, and to talk of the
rebellion(170) of our province of Massachusetts. No sloop is
yet arrived to tell us how to call the rest. Mr. Van(171) is
to move for the expulsion of Wilkes; which will distress, and
may produce an odd scene. Lord Holland is certainly dead; the
papers say, Robinson too, but that I don't know--so many deaths
of late make report kill to right and left.
(161) Two rival Eloges of Fontenelle, by ChamPfort and La
Harpe.-E.
(162) A cant phrase of Mr. Walpole's; which took its rise from
the following story:--The tutor of a young Lord Castlecomer,
who lived at Twickenham with his mother, having broken his leg,
and somebody pitying the poor man to Lady Castlecomer, she
replied, "Yes indeed, it is very inconvenient to my Lord
Castlecomer."-E.
(163) Dr. James Johnson.-E.
(164) The seizure of Fort William and Mary, near Portsmouth, in
New Hampshire, by the provincial militia, in which they found
many barrels of gunpowder, several pieces of cannon, etc.-E.
(165) Augustus Hervey, to whom she was first married.
(166) Mrs. Yates was at this time joint manager of the Opera
with Mrs. Brook. In November 1773, she spoke a Poetical
exordium, by which it appeared that she intended mixing plays
with operas, and entertaining the public with singing and
declamation alternately; but permission could not be obtained
from the Lord Chamberlain to put this plan into execution.-E.
(167) Upon a suspicion OF gallantry with Clairval, an actor,
she was confined for life in the convent Of les filles de
Sainte Marie, at Nancy.-E.
(168) To see the Lit de Justice held by Louis XVI. when he
recalled the Parliament of Paris, at the instigation of the
Chancellor Maupeou, and suppressed the new one of their
creation.
(169) The Duke de Choiseul.
(170) The King's Speech announced, "that a most daring spirit
of resistance and disobedience to the law still unhappily
prevailed in the province of Massachusett's Bay;" and expressed
the King's "firm and steadfast resolution to withstand every
attempt to weaken or impair the supreme authority Of this
legislature over all the dominions of his crown: the
maintenance of which he considered as essential to the dignity,
the safety, and welfare of the British empire."-E.
(171) Charles Van, Esq. member for Brecon town. No motion for
the expulsion of Wilkes took place.-E.
Letter 82 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, Dec. 15, 1774. (page 118)
As I wrote to Lady Ailesbury but on Tuesday, I should not have
followed it so soon with this, if I had nothing to tell you but
of myself. My gouts are never dangerous, and the shades of
them not important. However, to despatch this article at once,
I will tell you, that the, pain I felt yesterday in my elbow
made me think all former pain did not deserve the name.
Happily the torture did not last above two hours; and, which is
more surprising, it is all the real pain I have felt; for
though my hand has been as sore as if flayed, and that both
feet are lame, the bootikins demonstrably prevent or extract
the sting of it, and I see no reason not to expect to get out
in a fortnight more. Surely, if I am laid up but one month in
two years, instead of five or six, I have reason to think the
bootikins sent from heaven.
The long expected sloop is arrived at last, and is indeed a man
of war! The General Congress have voted a non-importation, a
non-exportation, a non-consumption; that, in case of
hostilities committed by the troops at Boston, the several
provinces will march to the assistance of their countrymen;
that the cargoes of ships now at sea shall be sold on their
arrival, and the money arising thence given to the poor at
Boston.; that a letter, in the nature of a petition of rights,
shall be sent to the King; another to the House of Commons; a
third to the people of England; a demand of repeal of all the
acts of Parliament affecting North America passed during this
reign, as also of the Quebec-bill: and these resolutions not to
be altered till such repeal is obtained.
Well, I believe you do not regret being neither in parliament
nor in administration! As you are an idle man, and have
nothing else to do, you may sit down and tell one a remedy for
all this. Perhaps you will give yourself airs, and say you was
a prophet, and that prophets are not honoured in their own
country. Yet, if you have any inspiration about you, I assure
you it will be of great service-we are at our wit's end-which
was no great journey. Oh! you conclude Lord Chatham's crutch
will be supposed a wand, and be sent for. They might as well
send for my crutch; and they should not have it; the stile is a
little too high to help them over. His Lordship is a little
fitter for raising a storm than laying one, and of late seems
to have lost both virtues. The Americans at least have acted
like men,(172) gone to the"bottom at once, and set the whole
upon the whole. Our conduct has been that of pert children: we
have thrown a pebble at a mastiff, and are surprised that it
was not frightened. Now we must kill the guardian of the house
which will be plundered the moment little master has nothing
but the old nurse to defend it. But I have done with
reflections; you will be fuller of them than I.
(172) "I have not words to express my satisfaction," says Lord
Chatham in a letter of the 24th, "that the Congress has
conducted this most arduous and delicate business with such
manly Wisdom and calm resolution, as do the highest honour to
their deliberations. Very few are the things contained in
their resolves, that I could wish had been otherwise."
Correspondence, vol. ii, p. 368.-$.
Letter 83 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, Dec. 26, 1774. (page 119)
I begin my letter to-day, to prevent the fatigue of dictating
two to-morrow. In the first and best place, I am very near
recovered; that is, though still a mummy, I have no pain left,
nor scarce any sensation of gout except in my right hand, which
is still in complexion and shape a lobster's claw. Now, unless
any body can prove to me that three weeks are longer than five
months and a half, they will hardly convince me that the
bootikins are not a cure for fits of the gout and a Very short
cure, though they cannot prevent it: nor perhaps is it to be
wished they should; for, if the gout prevents every thing else,
would not one have something that does? I have but one single
doubt left about the bootikins, which is, whether they do not
weaken my breast: but as I am sensible that my own spirits do
half the mischief, and that, if I could have held my tongue,
and kept from talking and dictating letters, I should not have
been half so bad as I have been, there remains but half due to
bootikins on the balance: and surely the ravages of the last
long fit, and two years more in age, ought to make another
deduction. Indeed, my forcing myself to dictate my last letter
to you almost killed me; and since the gout is not dangerous to
me, if I am kept perfectly quiet, my good old friend must have
patience, and not insist upon letters from me but when it is
quite easy to me to send them. So much for me and my gout. I
will now endeavour to answer such parts of your last letters as
I can in this manner, and considering how difficult it is to
read your writing in a dark room.
I have not yet been able to look into the French harangues you
sent me. Voltaire's verses to Robert Covelle are not only very
bad, but very contemptible.
I am delighted with all the honours you receive, and with all
the amusements they procure you, which is the best part of
honours. For the glorious part, I am always like the man in
Pope's Donne,
"Then happy he who shows the tombs, said I."
That is, they are least troublesome there. The
serenissime(173) you met at Montmorency is one of the least to
my taste; we quarrelled about Rousseau, and I never went near
him after my first journey. Madame du Deffand will tell you
the story, if she has not forgotten it.
It is supposed here, that the new proceedings of the French
Parliament will produce great effects: I don't suppose any such
thing. What America will produce I know still less; but
certainly something very serious. The merchants have summoned
a meeting for the second of next month, and the petition from
the Congress to the King is arrived. The heads have been shown
to Lord Dartmouth; but I hear one of the agents is again
presenting it; yet it is thought it will be delivered, and then
be ordered to be laid before Parliament. The whole affair has
already been talked of there on the army and navy-days; and
Burke, they say, has shone with amazing Wit and ridicule on the
late inactivity of Gage, and his losing his cannon and straw;
on his being entrenched in a town with an army of observation;
with that army being, as Sir William Meredith had said, an
asylum for magistrates, and to secure the port. Burke said, he
had heard of an asylum for debtors and whores, never for
magistrates; and of ships never of armies securing a port.
This is all there has been in Parliament, but elections.
Charles Fox's place did not come into question. Mr. * * *, who
is one of the new elect, has opened, but with no success.
There is a seaman, Luttrell,(174) that promises much better.
I am glad you like the Duchess de Lauzun:(175) she is one of my
favourites. The H`otel du Chatelet promised to be very fine,
but was not finished when I was last at Paris. I was much
pleased with the person that slept against St. Lambert's poem:
I wish I had thought of the nostrum, when Mr. Seward, a
thousand years ago, at Lyons, would read an epic poem to me
just as I had received a dozen letters from England. St.
Lambert is a great Jackanapes, and a very tiny genius: I
suppose the poem was The Seasons, which is four fans spun out
into a Georgic. If I had not been too ill, I should have
thought of bidding you hear midnight mass on Christmas-eve in
Madame du Deffand's tribune, as I used to do. To be sure, you
know that her apartment was part of Madame du Montespan's,
whose arms are on the back of the grate in Madame du Deffand's
own bedchamber. Apropos, ask her to show you Madame de Prie's
pinture, M. le Duc's mistress--I am very fond of it--and make
her tell you her history.(176)
I have but two or three words more. Remember my parcel of
letters from Madame du Deffand,(177) and pray remember this
injunction not to ruin yourselves in bringing presents. A very
slight fairing of a guinea or two obliges as much,
is much more fashionable, and not a moment sooner forgotten
than a magnificent one; and then you may very cheaply oblige
the more persons; but as the sick fox, in Gay's Fables, says
(for one always excepts oneself),
"A chicken too might do me good."
i allow you to go as far as three or even five guineas for a
snuff-box for me; and then, as ***** told the King, when he
asked for the reversion of the lighthouse for two lives, and
the King reproached him, with having always advised him against
granting reversions; he replied, "Oh! Sir, but if your Majesty
will give me this, I will take care you shall never give away
another." Adieu, with my own left hand.
(173) The Prince de Conti.
(174) The Hon. James Luttrell, fourth son of Lord Irnham, a
lieutenant in the navy.-E.
(175) She became Duchesse de Biron upon the death of her
husband's uncle, the Marechal Duke de Biron. See vol. iii.,
Letter to John Montagu, Feb. 4, 1766, letter 294. Her person
is thus described by Rousseau:--"Am`elie de Boufflers a une
figure, une douceur, une timidit`e devierge: rien de plus
aimable et de plus int`eressant que sa figure; rien de plus
tendre et de plus chaste que
les sentiments qu'elle inspire."-E.
(176) Madame de Prie was the mistress of the Regent Duke of
Orleans. A full account of her family, character, etc. will be
found in Duclos's Memoirs.-E.
(177) At Walpole's earnest solicitation, Madame du Deffand
returned by General Conway all the letters she had received
from him. In so doing, she thus wrote to him:--"Vous aurez
longtemps de quoi allumer votre feu, surtout si vous joignez `a
ce que j'avais de vous avez de moi, et rien ne serait plus
juste: mais je m'en rapporte `a votre prudence; je ne suivrai
pas l'exemple de m`efiance que vous me donnez."-E.
Letter 84 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, Dec. 31, 1774. (page 121)
No child was ever so delighted to go into breeches, as I was
this morning to get on a pair of cloth shoes as big as Jack
Harris's: this joy may be the spirits of dotage-but what
signifies whence one is happy? Observe, too, that this is
written with my own right hand, with the bootikin actually upon
it, which has no distinction of fingers: so I no longer see any
miracle in Buckinger, who was famous for writing without hands
or feet; as it was indifferent which one uses, provided one has
a pair of either. Take notice, I write so much better without
fingers than with, that I advise you to try a bootikin. To be
sure, the operation is a little slower; but to a prisoner, the
duration of his amusement is of far more consequence than the
vivacity of it.
Last night I received your very kind, I might say your letter
tout court, of Christmas-day. By this time I trust you are
quite out of pain about me. My fit has been as regular as
possible; only, as if the bootikins were post-horses, it made
the grand tour of all my limbs in three weeks. If it will
always use the same expedition, I m content it should take the
journey once in two years. You must not mind my breast: it was
always the weakest part of a very weak system ; yet did not
suffer now by the gout, but in consequence of it; and would not
have been near so bad, if I could have kept from talking and
dictating letters. The moment I am out of pain, I am in high
spirits ; and though I never take any medicines, there is one
thing absolutely necessary to be put into my mouth--a gag. At
present, the town is so empty that my tongue is a sinecure.
I am well acquainted with the Biblioth`eque du Roi, and the
medals, and the prints. I spent an entire day in looking over
the English portraits, and kept the librarian without his
dinner till dark night, till I was satisfied. Though the
Choiseuls(178) will not acquaint with you, I hope their Abb`e
Barthelemil(179) is not put under the same quarantine. Besides
great learning, he has infinite wit and polissonnerie and is
one of the best kind of men in the world. As to the
grandpapa,(180) il ne nous aime pas nous autres, and has never
forgiven Lord Chatham. Though exceedingly agreeable himself, I
don't think his taste exquisite. Perhaps I was piqued; but he
seemed to like Wood better than any of US. Indeed, I am a
little afraid that my dear friend's impetuous zeal may have
been a little too prompt in pressing you upon them d'abord:--
but don't say a word of this--it is her great goodness.--I
thank you a million of times for all yours to her:-she is
perfectly grateful for it. The Chevalier'S(181) verses are
pretty enough. I own I like Saurin's(182) much better than you
seem to do. Perhaps I am prejudiced by the curse on the
Chancellor at the end.
Not a word of news here. In a sick room one hears all there
is, but I have not even a lie; but as this will not set out
these three days, it is to be hoped some charitable Christian
will tell a body one. Lately indeed we heard that the King of
Spain had abdicated; but I believe it was some stockjobber that
had deposed him.
Lord George Cavendish, for my solace in my retirement, has
given me a book, the History of his own Furness-abbey, written
by a Scotch ex-Jesuit.(183) I cannot say that this unnatural
conjunction of a Cavendish and a Jesuit has produced a lively
colt; but I found one passage worth any money. It is an
extract of a constable's journal kept during the civil war; and
ends thus: "And there was never heard of such troublesome and
distracted times as these five years have been, but especially
for constables." It is so natural, that inconvenient to my
Lord Castlecomer is scarce a better proverb.
Pray tell Lady Ailesbury that though she has been so very good
to me, I address my letters to you rather than to her, because
my pen is not always-upon its guard, but is apt to say whatever
comes into its nib; and then, if she peeps over your shoulder,
I am cens`e not to know it. Lady Harriet's wishes have done me
great good: nothing but a father's gout could be obdurate
enough to resist them. My Mrs. Damer says nothing to me; but I
give her intentions credit, and lay her silence on you.
January 1. 1775. a happy new year!
I walk! I walk! walk alone!--I have been five times quite
round my rooms to-day, and my month is not up! The day after
to-morrow I shall go down into the dining-room; the next week
to take the air: and then if Mrs. * * * * is very pressing,
why, I don't know what may happen. Well! but you want news,
there are none to be had. They think there is a ship lost with
Gage's despatches. Lady Temple gives all her diamonds to Miss
Nugent.(184) Lord Pigot lost 400 pounds the other night at
Princess Amelia's. Miss Davis(185) has carried her cause
against Mrs. Yates and is to sing again at the Opera. This is
all my coffee-house furnished this morning.
(178) Mr. Conway and the ladies of his party had met with the
most flattering and distinguished reception at Paris from every
body but the Duc and Duchesse de Choiseul, who rather seemed to
decline their acquaintance.
(179) The author of the Voyage du Jenne Anacharsis.
(180) A name given to the Duc de Choiseul by Madame du Deffand.
(181) Verses written by the Chevalier de Boufflers, to be
presented by Madame du Deffand to the Duke and Duchess of
Choiseul.
(182) They were addressed to M. do Malesherbes, then premier
president de la Cour des Aides; afterwards, still more
distinguished by his having been the intrepid advocate Selected
by the unfortunate Louis the Sixteenth on his trial. He soon
after perished by the same guillotine, from which he could not
preserve his ill-fated master-E.
(183) "The Antiquities of Furness; or
an account of the Royal Abbey of St. mary, in the vale Of
Nightshade, near Dalton, in Furness." London, 1774 4to. This
volume, which was dedicated to Lord George Cavendish, Was
written by Thomas West, the antiquary, who was likewise the
author of "A Guide to the Lakes in Cumberland, Westmoreland,
and Lancashire."-E.
(184) Mary, only daughter and heiress
of Robert Earl Nugent, of the kingdom of Ireland. She was
married, on the 16th of May, 1775, to George Grenville, second
Earl Temple, who then assumed, by royal permission, the
surnames of Nugent and Temple before that of Grenville, and the
privilege of signing Nugent before all titles whatsoever. In
1784, he was created Marquis of Buckingham.-E.
(185) Cecilia Davis known in Italy by the name of L'Inglesina,
first appeared at the
Opera in 1773.
She was considered on the Continent as second only to Gabrieli,
and in England is said to have been surpassed only by Mrs.
Billington. She was a pupil of the celebrated Hasse and, after
having taught several crowned heads, died at an advanced age,
and in very distressed circumstances, in 1836.-E.
Letter 85To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Jan. 9, 1775. (page 124)
I every day intended to thank you for the copy of Nell Gwyn's
letter, till it was too late; the gout came, and Made me moult
my goosequill. The letter is very curious, and I am as well
content as with the original. It is lucky you do not care for
news more recent Than the Reformation. I should have none to
tell you; nay, nor earlier neither. Mr. Strutt's(186) second
volume I suppose you have seen. He showed me two or three much
better drawings from pictures in the possession of Mr. Ives.
One of them made me very happy; it is a genuine portrait of
Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, and is the individual same face
as that I guessed to be his in my Marriage of Henry VI. They
are infinitely more like each other, than any two modern
portraits of one person by different painters. I have been
laughed at for thinking the skull of Duke Humphrey at St.
Albans proved my guess; and yet it certainly does, and is the
more like, as the two portraits represent him very bald, with
only a ringlet of hair, as monks have. Mr. Strutt is going to
engrave his drawings. Yours faithfully.
(186) His " Complete Views of the Manners, Customs, Arms,
Habits, etc. of the Inhabitants of England from the arrival of
the Saxons till the reign of Henry the VIII.; with a short
Account of the Britons during the Government of the Romans."-E.
Letter 86 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, Jan, 15, 1775. (page 124)
You have made me very happy by saying your journey to Naples is
laid aside. Perhaps it made too great an impression on me; but
you must reflect, that all my life I have satisfied myself with
your being perfect, instead of trying to be so myself. I don't
ask you to return, though I wish it: in truth there is nothing
to invite you. I don't want you to come and breathe fire and
sword against the Bostonians, like that second Duke of Alva,
the inflexible Lord George Germain; or to anathematize the
court and its works, like the incorruptible Burke, who scorns
lucre, except when he can buy a hundred thousand acres from
naked Caribs for a song. I don't want you to do any thing like
a party-man. I trust you think of every party as I do, with
contempt, from Lord Chatham's mustard-bowl down to Lord
Rockingham's hartshorn. All, perhaps, will be tried in their
turns, and yet, if they had genius, might not be Mighty enough
to save us. From some ruin or other I think nobody can, and
what signifies an option of mischiefs? An account is come of
the Bostonians having voted an army of sixteen thousand men,
who are to be called minute-men, as they are to be ready at a
minute's warning. Two directors or commissioners, I don't know
what they are called, are appointed. There has been too a kind
of mutiny in the fifth regiment. A soldier was found drunk on
his post. Gage, in his time of danger, thought vigour
necessary, and sent the fellow to a court-martial. They
ordered two hundred lashes. The general ordered them to
improve their sentence. Next day it was published in the
Boston Gazette. He called them before him, and required them
on oath to abjure the communication, three officers refused.
Poor Gage is to be scape-goat, not for this, but for what was a
reason against employing him, incapacity. I Wonder at the
precedent! Howe is talked of for his successor. Well, I have
done with you!--Now I shall go gossip with Lady Ailesbury
You must know, Madam, that near Bath is erected a new
Parnassus, composed of three laurels,- a myrtle-tree, a
weeping-willow, and a view of the Avon, which has been
new-christened Helicon. Ten years ago there lived a Madam
Riggs, an old rough humourist who passed for a wit; her
daughter, who passed for nothing, married to a Captain Miller,
full of good-natured officiousness. These good folks were
friends of Miss Rich,(187) who carried me to dine with them at
Batheaston, now Pindus. They caught a little of what was then
called taste, built and planted, and begot children, till the
whole caravan- were forced to. go abroad to retrieve. Alas!
Mrs. Miller is returned-' a beauty, a genius, a Sappho, a
Muse, as romantic as Mademoiselle Scuderi, and as sophisticated
as Mrs. Vesey. The captain's fingers are loaded with cameos,
his tongue runs over with virt`u, and that both may contribute
to the improvement of their own country, they have introduced
bouts-rim`es as a new discovery. They hold a Parnassus-fair
every Thursday, give out rhymes and themes, and all the flux of
quality at Bath contend for the prizes. A Roman vase dressed
with pink ribands and myrtles receives the poetry which is
drawn out every festival; six judges of these Olympic games
retire and select the brightest compositions, which the
respective successful acknowledge, kneel to Mrs. Calliope
Miller, kiss her fair hand, and are crowned by it with myrtle,
with--I don't know what. You may think this is fiction, or
exaggeration. Be dumb, unbelievers! The collection is printed,
published. (188) Yes, on my faith, there are bouts-rim`es on a
buttered muffin, made by her grace the Duchess of
Northumberland;(189) receipts to make them by Corydon the
venerable, alias George Pitt; others very pretty, by Lord
Palmerston;(190) some by Lord Carlisle; many by Mrs. Miller
herself, that have no fault but wanting metre; and immortality
promised to her without end or measure. In short, since folly,
which never ripens to madness but in this hot climate, ran
distracted, there was never any thing so entertaining or so
dull--for you cannot read so long as I have been telling.(191)
January 17.
Before I could finish this, I received your despatches by Sir
Thomas Clarges, and a most entertaining letter in three tomes.
It is being very dull, not to be able to furnish a quarter so
much from your own country-but what can I do? You are embarked
in a new world, and I am living on the scraps of an old one, of
which I am tired. The best I can do is to reply to your
letter, and not attempt to amuse you when I have nothing to
say. I think the Parliament meets today, or in a day or
two-but I hope you are coming. Your brother says so, and
Madame du Deffand says so; and sure it is time to leave Paris,
when you know ninety of the inhabitants.(192) There seems much
affectation in those that will not know you;(193) and
affectation is always a littleness--it has been even rude: but
to be sure the rudeness one feels least, was that which is
addressed to one before there has been any acquaintance.
Ninon came,(194) because, on Madame du Deffand's mentioning it,
I concluded it a new work, and am disappointed. I can say this
by heart. The picture of Madame de Prie, which you don't seem
to value, and so Madame du Deffand says, I believe I shall
dispute with you; I think it charming, but when offered to me
years ago, I would not take it--it was now given to you a
little a mon intention.
I am sorry that, amongst all the verses you have sent me, you
should have forgotten what you commend the most, Les trois
exclamations. I hope you will bring them with you. Voltaire's
are intolerably stupid, and not above the level of officers in
garrison. Some of M. de Pezay's are very pretty, though there
is too much of them; and in truth I had seen them before.
Those on Madame de la Vali`ere pretty too, but one is a little
tired of Venus and the Graces. I am most pleased with your
own--and if you have a mind to like them still better, make
Madame du Deffand show you mine, which are neither French, nor
measure, nor metre. She is unwilling to tell me so-, which
diverts me. Yours are really genteel and new.
I envy you the Russian Anecdotes(195) more than M. de
Chamfort's Fables, of which I know nothing; and as you say no
more, I conclude I lose not much. The stories of Sir
Charles(196) are so far not new to me, that I heard them of him
from abroad after he was mad: but I believe no mortal of his
acquaintance ever heard them before; nor did they at all
correspond with his former life, with his treatment of his
wife, or his history with Mrs. Woffington, qui n'`etait pas
dupe. I say nothing on the other stories you tell me of
billets dropped,(197) et pour cause.
I think I have touched all your paragraphs, and have nothing
new to send you in return. In truth, I go nowhere but into
private rooms,; for I am not enough recovered to relaunch into
the world, when I have so good an excuse for avoiding it. The
bootikins have done wonders; but even two or three such
victories will cost too dear. I submit very patiently to my
lot. I am old and broken, and it never was my system to impose
upon myself when one can deceive nobody else. I have spirits
enough for my use, that is, amongst my friends and
contemporaries: I like Young people and their happiness for
every thing but to live with; but I cannot learn their
language, nor tell them old stories, of which I must explain
every step as I go. Politics' the proper resource of age, I
detest--I am Contented, but see few that are so--and I never
will be led by any man's self-interest. A great scene is
opening, of which I cannot expect to see the end! I am pretty
sure not a happy end--so that, in short, I am determined to
think the rest of my life but a postscript: and as this has
been too long an One, I will wish You good night, repeating
what you know already, that the return of you three is the most
agreeable prospect I expect to see realized. Adieu!
(187) Daughter of Sir Robert Rich, and sister to the second
wife of George Lord Lyttelton.
(188) They were published under the title of "Poetical
Amusements at a Villa near Bath." An edition appeared in 1781,
in four volumes.-E.
(189) "The pen which I now take and brandish
Has long lain useless in my standish.
Know, every maid, from her on patten,
To her who shines in glossy satin,
That could they now prepare an oglio
>From best receipt of book in folio,
Ever so fine, for all their puffing,
I should prefer a butter'd muffin;
A muffin Jove himself might feast on,
If eat with Miller at Batheaston."-E.
(190) The following are the concluding lines of a poem on
Beauty, by Lord Palmerston:--
"In vain the stealing hand of Time
May pluck the blossoms of their prime;
Envy may talk of bloom decay'd,
How lilies droop and roses fade;
But Constancy's unalter'd truth,
Regardful of the vows of youth,
Affection that recalls the past,
And bids the pleasing influence last,
Shall still preserve the lover's flame
In every scene of life the same;
And still with fond endearments blend
The wife, the mistress, and the friend!"-E.
(191) "Lady Miller's collection of verses by fashionable
people, which were put into her vase at Batheaston, in
competition for honourary prizes being mentioned, Dr. Johnson
held them very cheap: 'Bouts-rim`es,' said be, 'is a mere
conceit, and an old conceit; I wonder how people were persuaded
to write in that manner for this lady.' I named a gentleman of
his acquaintance who wrote for the vase. Johnson--'He was a
blockhead for his pains!' Boswell. 'The Duchess of
Northumberland wrote.' Johnson: 'Sir, the Duchess of
Northumberland may do what she pleases; nobody will say any
thing to a lady of her high rank: but I should be apt to throw
* * * *'s verses in his face.'" Boswell. vol. v. p. 227.-E.
(192) Madame du Deffand, writing of General Conway to Walpole,
had said--"Savez-vous combien il connait d`ej`a de personnes
dans Paris? Quatre.vingt dix. Il n'est nullement sauvage."-E.
(193) The Duc du Choiseul.
(194) The Life of Ninon de l'Enclos.
(195) The account of the revolution in Russia which placed
Catherine II. on the throne, by M. de la Rulhi`ere, afterwards
Published. Mr. Conway had heard it read in manuscript in a
private society.
(196) Sir Charles Hanbury Williams.
(197) This alludes to circumstances Mr. Conway mentions as
having taken place at a ball at Versailles.
Letter 87 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.(198)
January 22, 1775. (page 128)
After the magnificent overture for peace from Lord Chatham,
that I announced to Madame du Deffand, you will be most
impatient for my letter. Ohin`e! you will be sadly
disappointed. Instead of drawing a circle with his wand round
the House of Lords, and ordering them to pacify America, on the
terms he prescribed before they ventured to quit the
circumference of his commands, he brought a ridiculous,
uncommunicated, unconsulted motion for addressing the King
immediately to withdraw the troops from Boston, as an earnest
of lenient measures. The Opposition stared and shrugged; the
courtiers stared and laughed. His own two or three adherents
left him, except Lord Camden and Lord Shelburne, and except
Lord Temple, who is not his adherent and was not there.
Himself was not much animated, but very hostile; particularly
on Lord Mansfield, who had taken care not to be there. He
talked of three millions of Whigs in America, and told the
ministers they were checkmated and had not a move left to make.
Lord Camden was as strong. Lord Suffolk was thought to do
better than ever, and Lord Lyttelton's declamation was
commended as usual. At last, Lord Rockingham, very punily, and
the Duke of Richmond joined and supported the motion; but at
eight at night it was rejected by 68 to 18, though the Duke of
Cumberland voted for it.(199)
This interlude would be only entertaining, if the scene was not
so totally gloomy. The cabinet have determined on civil war,
and regiments are going from Ireland and our West Indian
islands. On Thursday the plan of the war is to be laid before
both Houses. To-morrow the merchants carry their petition;
which, I suppose, will be coolly received, since, if I hear
true, the system is to cut off all traffic with America at
present--as, you know, we can revive it when we please. There!
there is food for meditation! Your reflections, as you
understand the subject better than I do, will go further than
mine could. Will the French you converse with be civil and
keep their countenances?
George Damer(200) t'other day proclaimed your departure for the
25th; but the Duchess of Richmond received a whole cargo of
letters from ye all on Friday night, which talk of a fortnight
or three weeks longer. Pray remember it is not decent to be
dancing at Paris, when there is a civil war in your own
country. You would be like the Country squire, who passed by
with his hounds as the battle of Edgehill began.
January 24.
I am very sorry to tell you the Duke of Gloucester is dying.
About three weeks ago the physicians said it was absolutely
necessary for him to go abroad immediately. He dallied, but
was actually preparing. He now cannot go, and probably will
not live many days, as he has had two shivering fits, and the
physicians give the Duchess no hopes.(201) Her affliction and
courage are not to be described; they take their turns as she
is in the room with him or not. His are still greater. His
heart is broken, and yet his firmness and coolness amazing. I
pity her beyond measure; and it is not a time to blame her
having accepted an honour which so few women could have
resisted, and scarce one ever has resisted.
The London and Bristol merchants carried their petitions
yesterday to the House of Commons. The Opposition contended
for their being heard by the committee of the whole House, who
are to consider the American papers; but the Court sent them to
a committee(202) after a debate till nine at night, with
nothing very remarkable, on divisions of 197 to 81, and 192 to
65. Lord Stanley(203) spoke for the first time; his voice and
manner pleased, but his matter was not so successful.
Dowdeswell(204 is dead, and Tom Hervey.(205) The latter sent
for his Wife and acknowledged her. Don't forget to inform me
when my letters must stop. Adieu! Yours ever.
(198) Now first printed.
(199) In the Chatham correspondence will be found another, and
a very different, account of this debate, in a letter to Lady
Chatham, from their son William:--"Nothing," he says,
"prevented my father's speech from being the most forcible that
can be imagined, and the administration fully felt it. The
matter and manner were striking; far beyond what I can express.
It was every thing that was superior; and though it had not the
desired effect on an obdurate House of Lords, it must have an
infinite effect without doors, the bar being crowded with
Americans, etc. Lord Suffolk, I cannot say answered him, but
spoke after him. He was a contemptible orator indeed, with
paltry matter and a whining delivery. Lord Shelburne spoke
well, and supported the motion warmly. Lord Camden was
supreme, with only One exception, and as zealous as possible.
Lord Rockingham spoke shortly, but sensibly; and the Duke of
Richmond well, and with much candour as to the Declaratory act.
Upon the whole, it was a noble debate. The ministry were
violent beyond expectation, almost to madness. instead of
recalling the troops now there, they talked of sending more.
My father has had no pain, but is lame in one ankle near the
instep from standing so long. No wonder he is lame: his first
speech lasted above an hour, and the second half an hour;
surely, the two finest speeches that ever were made before,
unless by himself!" Dr. Franklin too, who heard the debate,
says, in reference to Lord Chatham's speech-"I am filled with
admiration of that truly great man. I have seen, in the course
of my life, sometimes eloquence without wisdom and often wisdom
without eloquence: in the present instance, I see both united,
and both, as I think, in the highest degree possible." Vol. iv.
pp. 375, 385.-E.
(200) Afterwards second Earl of Dorchester-E.
(201) His Royal Highness survived this illness more than thirty
years.-E.
(202) This committee was wittily called by Mr. Burke, and
afterwards generally known as "the committee of oblivion."-E.
(203) Afterwards Earl of Derby-E.
(204) The Right Hon. William Dowdeswell, of Pull Court, member
for the county of Worcester. He died at Nice, whither he had
gone for the recovery of his health.-E.
(205) The Hon. Thomas Hervey, second son of John first Earl of
Bristol.-E.
Letter 88 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, April 11, 1775. (page 129)
I thank you, dear Sir, for your kind letter., and the good
account YOU give of yourself-nor can I blame your change from
writing that is, transcribing, to reading--sure you ought to
divert yourself rather than others-though I should not say s,
if your pen had not confined itself to transcripts.
I am perfectly well, and heed not the weather; though I wish
the seasons came a little oftener into their own places instead
of each Other's. From November, till a fortnight ago, we had
much warmth that I should often be glad of in summer--and since
we are not sure of it then, was rejoiced when I could get it.
For myself, I am a kind of delicate Hercules; and though made
of paper, have, by temperance, by using as much cold water
inwardly and outwardly as I can, and by taking no precautions
against catching cold, and braving all weathers, become capable
of suffering by none. My biennial visitant, the gout, has
yielded to the bootikins, and stayed with me this last time but
five weeks in lieu of five months. Stronger men perhaps would
kill themselves by my practice, but it has done so long with
me, I shall trust to it.
I intended writing to you on Gray's Life,(206) if you had not
prevented me. I am charmed with it, and prefer it to all the
biography I ever saw. The style is excellent, simple,
unaffected; the method admirable, artful, and judicious. He
has framed the fragments, as a person said, so well, that they
are fine drawings, if not finished pictures. For my part, I am
so interested in it, that I shall certainly read it over and
over. I do not find that it is likely to be the case with many
yet. Never was a book, which people pretended to expect so
much with impatience, less devoured-at least in London, where
quartos are not of quick digestion. Faults are found, I hear,
at Eton with the Latin Poems for false quantities-no
matter-they are equal to the English -and can one say more?
At Cambridge, I should think the book would both offend much
and please; at least if they are as sensible to humour as to
ill-humour; and there is orthodoxy enough to wash down a camel.
The Scotch and the Reviewers will be still more angry. and the
latter have not a syllable to pacify them. So they who wait
for their decisions will probably miss of reading the most
entertaining book in the world--a punishment which they who
trust to such wretched judges deserve; for who are more
contemptible than such judges, but they who pin their faith on
them?
In answer to you, yourself, my good Sir, I shall not subscribe
to your censure of Mr. Mason, whom I love and admire, and who
has shown the greatest taste possible in the execution of this
work. Surely he has said enough in gratitude, and done far
beyond what gratitude could demand., It seems delicacy in
expatiating on the legacy; particularizing more gratitude would
have lessened the evidence of friendship, and made the 'justice
done to Gray's character look more like a debt.,_ He speaks of
him in slender circumstances, not as distressed: and so he was
till after the deaths of his parents and aunts; and even then
surely not rich. I think he does somewhere say that he meant to
be buried with his mother, and not specifying any other place
confirms it. In short, Mr. Mason shall never know your
criticisms; he has a good heart, and would feel them, though
certainly not apprised that he would merit them. A man who has
so called out all his -friend's virtues, could not want them
himself.
I shall be much obliged to you for the prints you destine for
me. The Earl of Cumberland I have, and will not rob you of. I
wish you had been as successful with Mr. G. as with Mr. T. I
mean, if you are not yet paid-now is the time, for he has sold
his house to the Duke of Marlborough-I suppose he will not keep
his prints long: he changes his pursuits Continually and
extravagantly-and then sells to indulge new fancies.
I have had a piece of luck within these two days. I have long
lamented our having no certain piece written by Anne Boleyn's
brother, Lord Rochford. I have found a very pretty copy of
verses by him in the new published volume of the Nuge Antiquae,
though by mistake he is called, Earl of, instead Of Viscount,
Rochford. They are taken from a MS-dated twenty-eight years
after the author's death, and are much in the manner of Lord
Surrey's and Sir T. Wyat's poems. I should at first have
doubted if they were not counterfeited, on reading my Noble
Authors; but then the blunder of earl for viscount would hardly
have been committed. A little modernized and softened in the
cadence, they would be very pretty.
I have got the rest of the Digby pictures, but at a very high
rate. There is one very large of Sir Kenelm, his wife, and two
sons, in exquisite preservation, though the heads of him and
his wife are not so highly finished as those I have--yet the
boys and draperies are so that, together with the size, it is
certainly the most capital miniature in the world: there are a
few more, very fine too. I shall be happy to show them to you,
whenever You Burnhamize--I mean before August, when I propose
making MY dear old blind friend a visit at Paris--nothing else
would carry me thither. I am too old to seek diversions, and
too indolent to remove to a distance by choice, though not so
immovable as YOU to much less distance. Adieu! Pray tell me
what you hear is said of Gray's Life at Cambridge.
(206) "The Poems of Mr. Gray: to which are prefixed Memoirs of
his Life and Writings; by W, Mason, M A, York, 1775." At the
end of Mason's work Mr. Cole wrote the following memorandum:--
"I am by no means satisfied with this Life; it has too much the
affectation of classical shortness to please me, More
circumstances would have suited my taste better; besides, I
think the biographer had a mind to revenge himself of the
sneerings Mr. Gray put upon him, though he left him, I guess,
above a thousand pounds, which is slightly hinted at only; yet
Mr. Walpole was quite satisfied with the work when I made my
objection." A copy of Gray's will is given in the Rev. J.
Mitford's very valuable edition of the poet's works, published
by Pickering, in four volumes, in 1836.-E.
Letter 89 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, April 5, 1775. (page 132)
The least I can do, dear Sir, in gratitude for the cargo of
prints I have received to-day from you, is to send you a
medicine. A pair of bootikins will set out to-morrow morning
in the machine that goes from the Queen's-head in
Gray's-inn-lane. To be certain, you had better send for them
where the machine inns, lest they should neglect delivering
them at Milton. My not losing a moment shows my zeal; but if
you can bear a little pain, I should not press you to use them.
I have suffered so dreadfully, that I constantly wear them to
diminish the stock of gout in my constitution; but as your fit
is very slight, and will not last, and as you are pretty sure
by its beginning so late, that you will never have much; and s
the gout certainly carries off other complaints, had not you
better endure a little, when it is rather a remedy than a
disease? I do not desire to be entirely delivered from the
gout, for all reformations do but make room for some new
grievance: and in my opinion a disorder that requires no
physician, is preferable to any that does. However, I have put
relief in your power, and you will judge for yourself. You
must tie them as tight as you can bear, the flannel next to the
flesh; and, when you take them off, it should be in bed: rub
your feet with a warm cloth, and put on warm stockings, for
fear of catching cold while the pores are open. It would kill
any body but me, who am of adamant, to walk out in the dew in
winter in my slippers in half an hour after pulling off the
bootikins. A physician sent me word, good-naturedly, that
there was danger of catching cold after the bootikins, unless
one was careful. I thanked him, but told him my precaution
was, never taking any. All the winter I pass five days in a
week without walking out, and sit often by the fireside till
seven in the evening. When I do go out, whatever the weather
is, I go with both glasses of the coach down, and so I do at
midnight out of the hottest room. I have not had a single
cold, however slight, these two years.
You are too candid in submitting at once to my defence of Mr.
Mason. It is true I am more charmed with his book than I almost
ever was with one. I find more people like the grave letters
than those of humour, and some think the latter a little
affected, which is as wrong a judgment as they could make; for
Gray never wrote any thing easily but things of humour. Humour
was his natural and original turn--and though from his
childhood he was grave and reserved, his genius led him to see
things ludicrously and satirically; and though his health and
dissatisfaction gave him low spirits, his melancholy turn was
much more affected than his pleasantry in writing. You knew
him enough to know I am in the right-but the world in general
always wants to be told how to think, as well as what to think.
The print, I agree with you, though like, is a very
disagreeable likeness, and the worst likeness of him. It gives
the primness he had under constraint; and there is a blackness
in the countenance which was like him only the last time I ever
saw him, when I was much struck with it: and, though I did not
apprehend him in danger, it left an impression on me that was
uneasy, and almost prophetic of what I heard but too soon after
leaving him. Wilson drew the picture under such impression,
and I could not bear it in my room; Mr. Mason altered it a
little, but Still it is not well, nor gives any idea of the
determined virtues of his heart. It just serves to help the
reader to an image of the person whose genius and integrity
they must admire, if they are so happy as to have a taste for
either.
The Peep into the Gardens at Twickenham is a silly little book,
of which a few little copies were printed some years ago for
presents, and which now sets up for itself as a vendible book.
It is a most inaccurate, superficial, blundering account of
Twickenham and other places, drawn up by a Jewess, who has
married twice, and turned Christian, poetess, and authoress.
She has printed her poems, too, and one complimentary copy of
mine, which, in good breeding, I could not help Sending her in
return for violent compliments in verse to me. I do not
remember that hers were good; mine I know were very bad, and
certainly never intended for the press.
I bought the first volume of Manchester, but could not read it;
it was much too learned for me, and seemed rather an account of
Babel than Manchester, I mean in point of antiquity.(207) To
be sure, it is very kind in an author to promise one the
history of a country town, and give one a circumstantial
account of the antediluvian world into the bargain. But I am
simple and ignorant, and desire no more than I pay for. And
then for my progenitors, Noah and the Saxons, I have no
curiosity about them. Bishop Lyttelton used to plague me to
death about barrows, and tumuli, and Roman camps, and all those
bumps in the ground that do not amount to a most imperfect
ichnography; but, in good truth, I am content with all arts
when perfected, nor inquire how ingeniously people contrive to
do without them--and I care still less for remains of art that
retain no vestiges of art. Mr. Bryant,)208) who is sublime in
unknown knowledge, diverted me more, yet I have not finished
his work, no more than he has. There is a great ingenuity in
discovering all his history [though it has never been written]
by etymologies. Nay, he convinced me that the Greeks had
totally mistaken all they went to learn in Egypt, etc. by
doing, as the French do still, judge wrong by the ear--but as I
have been trying now and then for above forty years to learn
something, I have not time to unlearn it all again, though I
allow this our best sort of knowledge. If I should die when I
am not clear in the History of the World below its first three
thousand years, I should be at a sad loss on meeting with Homer
and Hesiod, or any of those moderns in the Elysian fields,
before I knew what I ought to think of them. Pray do not
betray my ignorance: the reviewers and such literati have
called me a learned and ingenious gentleman. I am sorry they
ever heard my name, but don't let them know how irreverently I
speak of the erudite, whom I dare to say they admire. These
wasps, I suppose, will be very angry at the just contempt Mr.
Gray had for them, and will, as insects do, attempt to sting,
in hopes that their twelvepenny readers will suck a little
venom from the momentary tumour they raise--but good night-and
once more, thank you for the prints. Yours ever.
(207) "The History of Manchester," by John Whitaker, B. D.
London, 1771-3-5. 2 vols. 4to. "We talked," says Boswell, "of
antiquarian researches. Johnson. 'All that is really known Of
the ancient state of Britain is contained in a few Pages. We
can know no more than what the old writers have told us; Yet
what large books we have upon it; the whole of which, excepting
such parts as are taken from these old writers, is all a dream,
such as Whitaker's Manchester.'" Life of Johnson, vol. vii. p.
189.-E.
(208) Jacob Bryan, the learned author of "A New System; or, n
Analysis of Ancient Mythology," 4to. 1774-6, 3 vols.; and of
many other works. His character was thus finely drawn, in
1796, by Mr. Matthias, in "The Pursuits of Literature:"--"No
man of literature can pass by the name of Mr. Bryant without
gratitude and reverence. He is a gentleman of attainments
peculiar to himself, and of classical erudition without an
equal in Europe. His whole life has been spent in laborious
researches, and the most curious investigations. He has a
youthful fancy and a playful wit; with the mind, and
occasionally with the pen of a poet; and with an ease and
simplicity of style aiming only at perspicuity, and, as I
think, attaining it. He has lived to see his eightieth winter
(and May he yet long live!) with the esteem of the wise and
good; in honourable retirement from the cares of life; with a
gentleness of manners, and a readiness and willingness of
literary communication seldom found. He is admired and sought
after by the young who are entering on a course of study, and
revered, and often followed, by those who have completed it.
Nomen in exemplum sero servabirnus evo!" Mr. Bryant died in
1804, in his eighty-ninth year, in consequence Of a wound on
his Shin, occasioned by his foot slipping from a chair which he
had stepped on to reach a book in his library-E.
Letter 90 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 5, 1775. (page 134)
I am extremely concerned, dear Sir, to hear you have been so
long confined by the gout. The painting of your house may,
from the damp, have given you cold-I don't conceive that paint
can affect one otherwise, if it does not make one sick, as it
does me of all things. Dr. Heberden(209) (as every physician,
to make himself talked of, will Set up Some new hypothesis,)
pretends that a damp house, and even damp sheets, which have
ever been reckoned fatal, are wholesome: to prove his faith he
went into his own new house totally Unaired, and survived it.
At Malvern, they certainly put patients into sheets just dipped
in the spring-however, I am 'glad you have a better proof that
dampness is not mortal, and it is better to be too cautious
than too rash. I am perfectly well, and expect to be so for a
year and a half-I desire no more of the bootikins than to
curtail my fits.
Thank you for the note from North's Life, though, having
reprinted my Painters, I shall never have an opportunity of
using it. I am still more obliged to you for the offer of an
Index to my Catalogue but, as I myself know exactly where to
find every thing in it, and as I dare to say nobody else will
want it, I shall certainly not put YOU to that trouble.
Dr. Glynn will certainly be most welcome to see my house, and
shall, if I am not at home:-still I had rather know a few days
before, because else he may happen to come when I have company,
as I have often at this time of the year, and then it is
impossible to let it be seen, as I cannot ask my company, who
may have come to see it too, to go out, that somebody else may
see it, and I should be Very sorry to have the Doctor
disappointed. These difficulties, which have happened more
than once, have obliged me to give every ticket for a
particular day; therefore, if Dr. Glynn will be so good as to
advertise me of the day he intends to come here, with a
direction, I shall send him word what day he can see it.
I have just run through the two vast folios of Hutchins's
Dorsetshire.(210) He has taken infinite pains; indeed, all but
those that would make it entertaining.
Pray can you tell me any thing of some relations of my own, the
Burwells? My grandfather married Sir Jeffery Burwell's
daughter, of Rongham, in Suffolk. Sir Jeffery's mother, I
imagine, was daughter of a Jeffery Pitman, of Suffolk; at least
I know there was such a man in the latter, and that we quarter
the arms of Pitman. But I cannot find who Lady Burwell, Sir
Jeffery's wife, was. Edmondson has searched in vain in the
Heralds' office; and I have outlived all the ancient of my
family so long, that I know not of whom to Inquire, but you of
the neighbourhood. There is an old walk in the park at
Houghton, called "Sir Jeffery's Walk," where the old gentleman
used to teach my father (Sir Robert) his book. Those very old
trees encouraged my father to plant at Houghton. When people
used to try to persuade him nothing would grow there, he said,
why Will not other trees grow as well as those in Sir Jeffery's
Walk?--Other trees have grown to some purpose! Did I ever tell
you that ,my father was descended from Lord Burleigh? The
latter's granddaughter, by his son Exeter, married Sir Giles
Allington, whose daughter married Sir Robert Crane, father of
Sir Edward Walpole's .'Wife. I want but Lady Burwell's name to
Make my genealogic tree Shoot out stems every way. I have
recovered a barony in fee, which has no defect but in being
antecedent to any summons to Parliament, that of the Fitz
Osberts: and On MY Mother's side it has mounted the Lord knows
whither by the Philipps,s to Henry VIII. and has sucked in
Dryden for a great-uncle: and by Lady Philipps's mother, Darcy,
to Edward III. and there I stop for brevity's sake--especially
as Edward III. is a second Adam; who almost is not descended
from Edward 1 as posterity will be from Charles II. and all the
princes in Europe from James I. I am the first antiquary of my
race. People don't know how entertaining a study it is. Who
begot whom is a most amusing kind of hunting; one recovers a
grandfather instead of breaking one's own neck--and then one
grows so pious to the memory of a thousand persons one never
heard of before. One finds how Christian names came into a
family, with a world of other delectable erudition. You cannot
imagine how vexed I was that Bloomfield(211) died before he
arrived at Houghton--I had promised myself a whole crop of
notable ancestors-but I think I have pretty well unkennelled
them myself. Adieu! Yours ever.
P. S. I found a family of Whaplode in Lincolnshire who give our
arms, and have persuaded myself that Whaplode is a corruption
of Walpole, and came from a branch when we lived at Walpole in
Lincolnshire.
(209) Dr. William Heberden, the distinguished physician and
medical writer, who died on the 17th of March, 1801, at the
advanced age of ninety-one.-E.
(210) "The History and Antiquities of the County of Dorset."
London, 1774, in two volumes, folio. A second edition,
corrected, augmented, and improved, by Richard Gough and John
Bowyer Nichols, in four Volumes, folio, appeared in
1796-1815.-E.
(211) The Rev. Francis Blomefield, the author of an " Essay
towards a Topographical History of the County of Norfolk,"
which was left unfinished by him, and continued by the Rev.
Charles Parkin. It was first printed in five folio volumes:
1739-1773. A second edition, in eleven volumes, octavo,
appeared in 1805-1810.-E.
Letter 91 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, July 9, 1775. (page 136)
The whole business of this letter would lie in half a line.
Shall you have room for me on Tuesday the 18th? I am putting
myself into motion that I may go farther. I told Madame du
Deffand how you had scolded me on her account, and she has
charged me to thank you, and tell you how much she wishes to see
you, too. I would give any thing to go-But the going!--However,
I really think I shall, but I grow terribly affected with a
maladie de famille, that of taking root at home.
I did but put my head into London on Thursday, and more bad news
from America.(211) I wonder when it will be bad enough to make
folks think it so, without going on! The stocks, indeed, begin
to grow a little nervous, and they are apt to affect other
pulses. I heard this evening here that the Spanish fleet is
sailed, and that we are not in the secret whither-but I don't
answer for Twickenham gazettes, and I have no better. I have a
great mind to tell you a Twickenham story; and yet it will be
good for nothing, as I cannot send you the accent in a letter.
Here it is, and you must try to set it to the right emphasis.
One of our maccaronis is dead, a Captain Mawhood, the teaman's
son. He had quitted the army, because his comrades called him
Captain Hyson, and applied himself to learn the classics and
freethinking; and was always disputing with the parson of the
parish about Dido and his own soul. He married Miss Paulin's
warehouse, who had six hundred a-year; but, being very much out
of conceit with his own canister, could not reconcile himself to
her riding-hood--so they parted beds in three nights. Of late he
has taken to writing comedies, which every body was welcome to
hear him read, as he could get nobody to act them. Mrs. Mawhood
has a friend, one Mrs. V * * *, a mighty plausible good sort of
body, who feels for every body, and a good deal for herself, is
of a certain age, wears well, has some pretensions that she
thinks very reasonable still, and a gouty husband. Well! she was
talking to Mr. Rafter about Captain Mawhood a little before he
died. "Pray, Sir, does the Captain ever communicate his writings
to Mrs. Mawhood?" "Oh, dear no, Madam; he has a sovereign
contempt for her understanding." "Poor woman!" "And pray, Sir,-
- give me leave to ask you: I think I have heard they very seldom
sleep together!" "Oh, never, Madam! Don't you know all that?"
"Poor woman!" I don't know whether you will laugh; but Mr.
Raftor,(213) who tells a story better than any body, made me
laugh for two hours. Good night!
(212) Of the commencement of hostilities with the Americans at
Lexington on the 19th of April.-E.
(213) Mr. Raftor brother to Mrs. Clive.-E.
Letter 92 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.(214)
Strawberry Hill, August 9, 1775. (page 137)
Well, I am going tout de bon, and I heartily wish I was returned.
It is a horrid exchange, the cleanness and verdure and
tranquillity of 'Strawberry, for a beastly ship, worse inns, the
pav`e of the roads bordered with eternal rows of maimed trees,
and the racket of an h`otel garni! I never doat on the months of
August and September, enlivened by nothing but Lady Greenwich's
speaking-trumpet--but I do not want to be amused--at least never
at the expense of being put in motion. Madame du Deffand, I am
sure, may be satisfied with the sacrifice I make to her!(215)
You have heard, to be sure, of the war between your brother and
Foote; but probably do not know how far the latter has carried
his impudence. Being asked, why Lord Hertford had refused to
license his piece, he replied, "Why, he asked me to make his
youngest son a box-keeper, and because I would not, he stopped my
play."(216) The Duchess of Kingston offered to buy it off, but
Foote would not take her money, and swears he will act her in
Lady Brumpton; which to be sure is very applicable.
I am sorry to hear Lord Villiers is going to drag my lady through
all the vile inns in Germany. I think he might go alone.
George Onslow told me yesterday, that the American Congress had
sent terms of accommodation, and that your brother told him so;
but a strange fatality attends George's news, which is rarely
canonical; and I doubt this intelligence is far from being so..
I shall know more to-morrow, when I go to town to prepare for my
journey on Tuesday. Pray let me hear from you, enclosed to M.
Panchaud.
I accept with great joy Lady Ailesbury's offer Of coming hither
in October, which will increase my joy in being at home again. I
intend to set out on my return the 25th Of next month. Sir
Gregory Page has left Lord Howe eight thousand pounds at present,
and twelve more after his aunt Mrs. Page's death.
Thursday, 10th.
I cannot find any ground for believing that any proposals are
come from the Congress. On the contrary, every thing looks as
melancholy as possible. Adieu!
(214) Now first printed.
(215) In her letter of the 5th of August, Madame du Deffand, by
way of inducement to Walpole to take the journey, says--"Je vous
jure que je ne me soucierai de rien pour vous; c'est `a dire, de
vous faire faire une chose Plut`ot qu'une autre: vous serez
totalement libre de toutes vos pens`ees, paroles, et actions,
vous ne me verrez pas un souhait un d`esir qui Puisse contredire
vos pens`ees et Vos volont`es: je saurai que M. Walpole est `a
Paris, il saura que je demeure `a St. Joseph; il sera maitre d'y
arriver, d'y rester, de s'en aller, comme il lui plaira."-E.
(216) The piece was entitled "The Trip to Calais;" in which the
author having ridiculed, under the name of Kitty Crocodile, the
eccentric Duchess of Kingston she offered him a sum of money to
strike out the part. A correspondence took place between the
parties, which ended in the Duchess making an application to Lord
Hertford, at that time Lord Chamberlain, who interdicted the
performance. Foote, however, brought it out, with some
alterations, in the following year, under the title of "The
Capuchin."-E.
Letter 93 To The Countess Of Ailesbury.
>From t'other side of the water, August 17, 1775.(217) (page 138)
Interpreting your ladyship's orders in the most personal sense,
as respecting the dangers of the sea, I -write the instant I am
landed. I did not, in truth, set out till yesterday morning at
eight o'clock; but finding the roads, horses, postilions, tides,
winds, moons, and Captain Fectors in the pleasantest humour in
the world, I embarked almost as soon as I arrived at Dover, and
reached Calais before the sun was awake;-and here I am for the
sixth time in my life, with only the trifling distance of
seven-and-thirty years between my first voyage and the present.
Well! I can only say in excuse, that I am got into the land of
Struldburgs, where one is never too old to be young, and where la
b`equille du p`ere Barnabas blossoms like Aaron's rod, or the
Glastonbury thorn. Now, to be sure, I shall be a little
mortified, if your ladyship wanted a letter of news, and did not
at all trouble your head about my navigation. However, you will
not tell one so; and therefore I will persist in believing that
this good news will be received with transport at Park-place, and
that the bells of Henley will be set a ringing. The rest of my
adventures, must be deferred till they have happened, which is
not always the case of travels. I send you no Compliments from
Paris, because I have not got thither, nor delivered the bundle
which Mr. Conway sent me. I did, as Your ladyship commanded; buy
three pretty little medallions in frames of filigraine, for our
dear old friend. They will not ruin you, having cost not a
guinea and a half; but it was all I could find that was genteel
and portable; and as she does not measure by guineas, but
attentions, she will be as much pleased as if you had sent her a
dozen acres of Park-place. As they are in bas-relief, too, they
are feelable, and that is a material circumstance to her. I wish
the Diomede had even so much as a pair of Nankin!
Adieu, toute la ch`ere famille! I think of October with much
satisfaction; it will double the pleasure of my return.
(217) Mr. Walpole reached Paris on the 19th of August and left it
on the 19th of October.-E.
Letter 94 To The Countess Of Ailesbury.
Paris, August 20, 1775. (page 139)
I have been sea-sick to death: I have been poisoned by dirt and
vermin; I have been stifled by beat, choked by dust, and starved
for want of any thing I could touch: and yet, Madam, here, I am
perfectly well, not in the least fatigued; and, thanks to the
rivelled parchments, formerly faces, which I have seen by
hundreds, I find myself almost as young as When I came hither
first in the last century. In spite of my whims, and delicacy,
and laziness, none of my grievances have been mortal: I have
borne them as well as if I had set up for a philosopher, like the
sages of this town. Indeed, I have found my dear old woman So
well, and looking so much better than she did four years ago,
that I am transported with pleasure, and thank your ladyship and
Mr. Conway for driving me hither. Madame du Deffand came to me
the instant I arrived, and sat by me whilst I stripped and
dressed myself; for, as she said, since she cannot see there was
no harm in my being stark.(218) She was charmed with your
present; but was so Kind as to be so much more charmed with my
arrival, that she did not think of it a moment. I sat with her
till half an hour after two in the morning, and had a letter from
her before MY eyes were open again. In short, her soul is
immortal, and forces her body to bear it company.
This is the very eve of Madame Clotilde's(219) Wedding - but
Monsieur Turgot, to the great grief of Lady Mary Coke, will
suffer no cost, but one banquet, one ball, and a play at
Versailles. Count Viry gives a banquet, a bal masqu`e, and a
firework. I think I shall see little but the last, from which I
will send your ladyship a rocket in my next letter. Lady Mary, I
believe, has had a private audience of the ambassador's leg,(220)
but en tout bien, et honneur, and only to satisfy her ceremonious
curiosity about any part of royal nudity. I am just going to
her, as she is to Versailles; and I have not time to add a word
more to the vows of your ladyship's most faithful.
(218) Madame du Deffand had just completed her seventy-eighth
year.-E.
(219) Madame Clotilde, sister of Louis XV1. Turgot was the new
minister of finance, who, With his colleagues were endeavouring,
by every practicable means, to reduce the enormous expenditure of
the country.-E.
(220) Mr. Walpole alludes to the ceremony of the marriages of
princesses by proxy.-E.
Letter 95 To Mrs. Abington(221)
Paris, September [1775.] (page 140)
If I had known, Madam, of your being at Paris, before I heard it
from Colonel Blaquiere, I should certainly have prevented your
flattering invitation, and have offered you any services that
could depend on my acquaintance here. It is plain I am old, and
live with very old folks, when I did not hear of your arrival.
However, Madam, I have not that fault at least of a veteran, the
thinking nothing equal to what they admired in their youth. I do
impartial justice to your merit, and fairly allow it not only
equal to that of any actress I have seen, but believe the present
age will not be in the wrong, if they hereafter prefer it to
those they may live to see. Your allowing me to wait on you in
London, Madam, will make me some amends for the loss I have had
here; and I shall take an early opportunity of assuring you how
much I am, Madam, your most obliged humble servant.
(221) Now first printed. This elegant and fashionable actress
was born in 1735, quitted the stage in 1799, and died in 1815.-E.
Letter 96 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Paris, Sept 8, 1775. (page 140)
The delays of the post, and its departure before its arrival,
saved me some days of anxiety for Lady Ailesbury, and prevented
my telling you how concerned I am for her accident; though I
trust, by this time, she has not even pain left. I feel the
horror you must have felt during her suffering in the dark, and
on the sight of her arm;(222) and though nobody admires her
needlework more than I, still I am rejoiced that it will be the
greatest sufferer. However, I am very impatient for a farther
account. Madame du Deffand, who, you know, never loves her
friends by halves, and whose impatience never allows itself time
to inform itself, was out of her wits, because I could not
explain exactly how the accident happened, and where. She wanted
to write directly, though the post was just gone; and, as soon as
I could make her easy about the accident, she fell into a new
distress about her fans for Madame de Marchais, and concludes
they have been overturned, and broken too. In short, I never saw
any thing like her. She has made engagements for me till Monday
se'nnight; in which are included I don't know how many journeys
into the country; and as nobody ever leaves her without her
engaging them for another time, all these parties will be so many
polypuses, that will shoot out into new ones every way. Madame
de Jonsac,(223) a great friend of mine, arrived the day before
yesterday, and Madame du Deffand has pinned her down to meeting
me at her house four times before next Tuesday, all parentheses,
that are not to interfere with our other suppers; and from those
suppers I never get to bed before two or three o'clock. In
short, I need have the activity of a squirrel, and the strength
of a Hercules, to go through my labours--not to count how many
d`em`el`es I have had to raccommode, and how many m`emoires to
present against Tonton,(224) who grows the greater favourite the
more people he devours. As I am the only person who dare correct
him, I have already insisted on his being confined in the Bastile
every day to after five o'clock. T'other night he flew at Lady
Barrymore's face, and I thought would have torn her eye out; but
it ended in biting her finger. She was terrified: she fell into
tears. Madame du Deffand, who has too much parts not to see
every thing in its true light, perceiving that she had not beaten
Tonton half enough, immediately told us a story of a lady, whose
dog, having bitten a piece out of a gentleman's leg, the tender
dame in a great fright, cried out, "Won't it make my dog sick?"
Lady Barrymore(225) has taken a house. She will be glutted with
conquests: I never saw any body so much admired. I doubt her
poor little head will be quite overset.
Madame de Marchais(226) is charming: eloquence and attention
itself I cannot stir for peaches, nectarines, grapes, and bury
pears. You would think Pomona was in love with me. I am not so
transported with N * * * * cock and hen. They are a tabor and
pipe that I do not understand. He mouths and she squeaks and
neither articulates. M. d'Entragues I have not seen. Upon the
whole, I am much more pleased with Paris than ever I was; and,
perhaps, shall stay a little longer than I intended. The Harry
Grenville's(227) are arrived. I dined with them at Madame de
Viry's,(228) who has completed the conquest of France by her
behaviour on Madame Clotilde's wedding, and by the f`etes she
gave. Of other English I wot not, but grieve the Richmonds do
not come. I am charmed with Dr. Bally; nay, and with the King of
Prussia--as much as I can be with a northern monarch. For your
Kragen, I think we ought to procure a female one, and marry it to
Ireland, that we may breed some new islands against we have lost
America. I know nothing of said America. There is not a
Frenchman that does not think us distracted.
I used to scold you about your bad writing, and perceive I have
written in such a hurry, and blotted my letter so much, that you
will not be able to read it: but consider how few moments I have
to myself. I am forced to stuff my ears with cotton to get any
sleep. However, my journey has done me good. I have thrown off
at least fifteen years. Here is a letter for my dear Mrs. Damer
from Madame de Cambis, who thinks she doats on you all. Adieu!
P. S. I shall bring you two `eloges of Marshal Catinat; not
because I admire them, but because I admire him, because I think
him very like you.
(222) Lady Ailesbury had been overturned in her carriage at
Park-place, and dislocated her wrist.
223) La Comtesse de Jonsac, sister of the President Henault.
(224) A favourite dog of Madame du Deffand's.
(225) Third daughter of William second Earl of Harrington, and
wife of Richard sixth Earl of Barrymore, who, dying in 1780, left
issue Richard and Henry, each of whom became, successively, Earl
of Barrymore; a title which expired upon the death of the latter,
in 1823.-E.
(226) Madame de Marchais, n`ee Laborde, married to a
valet-de-chambre of Louis XV1. From her intimacy with M.
d'Angivillier, Directeur des B`atiments, Jardins, etc. du Roi,
She had the opportunity of obtaining the finest fruits and
flowers.-E.
(227) Henry Grenville, brother to Earl Temple. He married Miss
Margaret Banks. He died in 1784.-E.
(228) Miss Harriet Speed. She had married M. le Comte do Viry
when he was minister at London from the Court of Turin. She is
one of the ladies to whom Gray's "Long Story" is addressed. For
an account of her, see Vol. iii. P. 160, letter 102.-E.
Letter 97 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Paris, Oct. 6, 1775. (page 142)
It will look like a month since I wrote to you; but I have been
coming, and am. Madame du Deffand has been so ill, that the day
she was seized I thought she would not live till night. Her
Herculean weakness, which could not resist strawberries and cream
after supper, has surmounted all the ups and downs which followed
her excess; but her impatience to go every where, and to do every
thing has been attended with a kind of relapse, and another kind
of giddiness: so that I am not quite easy about her, as they
allow her to take no nourishment to recruit, and she will die of
inanition, if she does not live upon it. She cannot lift her
head from the pillow without `etourdissemens; and yet her spirits
gallop faster than any body's, and so do her repartees. She has
a great supper to-night for the Due de Choiseul, and was in such
a passion yesterday with her cook about it, and that put Tonton
into such a rage, that nos dames de Saint Joseph thought the
devil or the philosophers were flying away with their convert! As
I have scarce quitted her, I can have had nothing to tell you.
If she gets well, as I trust, I shall set out on the 12th; but I
cannot leave her in any danger--though I shall run many myself,
if I stay longer. I have kept such bad hours with this malade
that I have had alarms of gout; and bad weather, worse inns, and
a voyage in winter, will ill suit me. The fans arrived at a
propitious moment, and she immediately had them opened on her
bed, and felt all the patterns, and had all the papers described.
She was all satisfaction and thanks, and swore me to do her full
justice to Lady Ailesbury, and Mrs. Damer. Lord Harrington and
Lady Harriet are arrived; but have announced and persisted in a
strict invisibility. I know nothing of my ch`ere patrie, but
what I learn from the London Chronicle; and that tells me, that
the trading towns are suing out lettres de noblesse, that is,
entreating the King to put an end to commerce, that they may all
be gentlemen. Here agriculture, economy, reformation,
philosophy, are the bon-ton even at court. The two nations seem
to have crossed over and figured in; but as people that copy take
the bad with the good, as well as the good with the bad, there
was two days ago a great horserace in the plain de Sablon,
between the Comte d'Artois,(229) the Duc de Chartres,(230)
Monsieur de Conflans, and the Duc de Lauzun.(231) The latter won
by the address of a little English postilion, who is in such
fashion, that I don't know whether the Academy will not give him
for the subject of an `eloge.
The Due de Choiseul, I said, is here; and, as he has a second
time put off his departure, cela fait beaucoup de bruit. I shall
not at all be surprised if he resumes the reins, as (forgive me a
pun) he has the Reine at ready. Messrs. de Turgot and
Malesherbes certainly totter--but I shall tell you no more till I
see you; for though this goes by a private hand, it is so
private, that I don't know it, being an English merchant's, who
lodges in this hotel, and whom I do not know by sight: so,
perhaps, I may bring you word of this letter myself. I flatter
myself Lady Ailesbury's arm has recovered its straightness and
its cunning. . .
Madame du Deffand says, I love you better than any thing in the
world. If true, I hope you have not less penetration: if you
have not, or it is not true, what would professions avail?-So I
leave that matter in suspense. Adieu!
October 7.
Madame du Deffand was quite well yesterday; and at near one this,
morning I left the Duc de Choiseul, the Duchess de Grammont, the
Prince and the Princess of Beauveau, Princess Of Poix,(232) the
Mar`echale de Luxembourg, Duchess de Lauzun, Ducs de Gontaut(233)
et de Chabot, and Caraccioli, round her chaise longue; and she
herself was not a dumb personage. I have not heard yet how she
has slept, and must send away my letter this moment, as I must
dress to go to dinner with Monsieur de Malesherbes at Madame de
Villegagnon's. I must repose a great while after all this living
in company; nay, intend to go very little into the world again,
as I do not admire the French way of burning one's candle to the
very snuff in public. Tell Mrs. Damer, that the fashion now is
to erect the toup`ee into a high detached tuft of hair, like a
cockatoo's crest; and this toup`ee they call la physionomie--I
don't guess why.
My laquais is come back from St. Joseph's, and says Marie(234) de
Vichy has had a very good night, and is quite well.--Philip!(235)
let my chaise be ready on Thursday.(236)
(229) Afterwards Charles the Tenth.-E.
(230) On the death of his father, in 1785, he became Duke of
Orleans. In 1792, he was chosen a member of the
National-Convention, when he adopted the Jacobinical title of
Louis-Philippe-Joseph Egalit`e; and, in November 1793, he
suffered by the guillotine. -E.
(231) The Duc de Lauzun, son of the Duc de Gontaut, the maternal
nephew of the Duchesse de Choiseul.-E.
(232) Wife of the Prince de Poix, eldest son of the Mar`echal de
Mouchy, and daughter of the Prince de Beauveau. The Prince de
Poix retired to this country on the breaking out of the French
revolution, accompanied by his son, Comte Charles de Noailles,
who married the daughter of La Borde, the great banker.-E.
(233) The Duc de Gontaut, brother to the Mar`echal Duc de Biron,
and father to the Duc de Lauzun. The Duchesse de Gontaut was a
sister of the Duchesse de Choiseul-E.
(234) The maiden name of Madame du Deffand was Marie de Vichy
Chamrond. She was born in 1697, of a noble family in the
province of Burgundy; and, as her fortune was small, she was
married by her parents, in 1718, to the Marquis du Deffand; the
union being settled with as little attention to her feelings as
was usual in French marriages of that age. A separation soon
took place; but Walpole says they always continued on good terms,
and that upon her husband's deathbed, at his express desire, she
saw him.-E.
(235) Mr. Walpole's valet-de-chambre.
(236) Walpole left Paris on the 12th; upon which day, Madame du
Deffand thus wrote to him--"Adieu! ce mot est bien triste!
Souvenez que vous laissez ici la personne dont vous `etes le plus
aim`e, et dont le bonheur et le malheur consistent dans ce que
vous pensez pour elle. Donnez-moi de vos nouvelles le plus t`ot
qu'il sera possible."-E.
Letter 98 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Dec. 10, 1775. (page 144)
I was very sorry to have been here, dear Sir, the day you called
on me in town. It is so difficult to uncloister you, that I
regret not seeing you when you are out of your own ambry. I have
nothing new to tell you that is very old; but you can inform me
of something within your own district. Who is the author, E. B.
G. of a version of Mr. Gray's Latin Odes into English,(237) and
of an Elegy on my wolf-devoured dog, poor Tory? a name you will
marvel at in a dog of mine; but his godmother was the widow of
Alderman Parsons, who gave him at Paris to Lord Conway, and he to
me. The author is a poet; but he makes me blush, for he calls
Mr. Gray and me congenial pair. Alas! I have no genius; and if
any symptom of talent, so inferior to Gray's, that Milton and
Quarles might as well be coupled together. We rode over the Alps
in the same chaise, but Pegasus drew on his side, and a
cart-horse on mine. I am too jealous of his fame to let us be
coupled together. This author says he has lately printed at
Cambridge a Latin translation of the Bards; I should be much
obliged to you for it.
I do not ask you if Cambridge has produced any thing, for it
never does. Have you made any discoveries? Has Mr. Lort? Where
is he? Does Mr. Tyson engrave no more? My plates for Strawberry
advance leisurely. I am about nothing. I grow old and lazy, and
the present world cares for nothing but politics, and satisfies
itself with writing in newspapers. If they are not bound up and
preserved in libraries, posterity will imagine that the art of
printing was gone out of use. Lord Hardwicke(238) has indeed
reprinted his heavy volume of Sir Dudley Carleton's Despatches,
and says I was in the wrong to despise it. I never met with any
body that thought otherwise. What signifies raising the dead so
often, when they die the next minute? Adieu!
(237) Edward Burnaby Greene, formerly of Bennet College, but at
that time a brewer in Westminster, He likewise published
translations of Pindar, Persius, Apollonius Rhodius, Anacreon,
etc.-E.
(238) Philip Yorke, second Earl of Hardwicke, when Lord Royston,
published the "Letters to and from Sir Dudley Carleton, Knight,
during his Embassy in Holland, from January 1615-16 to December
1620," 4to. 1727; and, in 1775, a second edition, "with large
additions to the Historical Preface."-E.
Letter 99 To The Countess Of Ailesbury.
Arlington Street, Dec. 11, 1775. (page 145)
Did you hear that scream?--Don't be frightened, Madam; it was
only the Duchess of Kingston last Sunday was sevennight at
chapel: but it is better to be prepared; for she has sent word to
the House of Lords, that her nerves are so bad she intends to
scream for these two months, and therefore they must put off her
trial. They are to take her throes into consideration to-day;
and that there may be sufficient room for the length of her veil
and train, and attendants, have a mind
to treat her with Westminster-hall. I hope so, for I should like
to see this com`edie larmoyante; and, besides, I conclude, it
would bring your ladyship to town. You shall have
timely notice.
There is another comedy infinitely worth seeing--Monsieur Le
Texier. He is Pr`eville, and Caillaud, and Garrick, and Weston,
and Mrs. Clive, all together; and as perfect in the most
insignificant part, as in the most difficult.(239) To be sure,
it is hard to give up loo in such fine weather, when one can play
from morning till night. In London, Pam can scarce get a house
till ten o'clock. If you happen to see the General your husband,
make my compliments to him, Madam; his friend the King of Prussia
is going to the devil and Alexander the Great.
(239) M. Le Texier was a native of Lyons, where he was directeur
des fermes. The following account of the readings of this
celebrated Frenchman, is from a critique on Boaden's Life of
Kemble, in the Quarterly Review, vol. xxxiv. p. 241:--"On one of
the author's incidental topics we must pause for a moment with
delightful recollection. We mean the readings of Le Texier, who,
seated at a desk, and dressed in plain clothes, reads French
plays with such modulation of voice, and such exquisite point of
dialogue, as to form a pleasure different from that of the
theatre, but almost as great as we experience in listening to a
first-rate actor. When it commenced, M. Le Texier read over the
dramatis persome, with the little analysis of character usually
attached to each name, Using the voice and manner with which he
afterwards read the part: and so accurately was the key-note
given, that he had no need to name afterwards the person who
spoke; the stupidest of the audience could not miss to recognise
him." Madame du Deffand, in a letter to Walpole, says of him--
"Soyez s`ur, que lui tout seul est la meilleure troupe que nous
avons:" and again in one to Voltaire--"Assis dans un fauteuil,
avec un livre `a la main, il jouc les comedies o`u1 il y a sept,
huit, dix, douze personnages, si parfaitement bien, qu'on ne
saurait croire, m`eme en le regardant, que ce soit le m`eme homme
qui Parle. Pour moi, l'illusion est parfaitc."-E.
Letter 100 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Dec. 14, 1775. (page 146)
Our letters probably passed by each other on the road, for I
wrote to you on Tuesday, and have this instant received one from
you, which I answer directly, to beg pardon for my incivility,
nay, ingratitude, in not thanking you for your present of a whole
branch of most respectable ancestors, the Derehaughs--why, the
Derehaughs alone would make gentlemen of half the modern peers,
English or Irish. I doubt my journey to France was got into my
head, and left no room for an additional quarter-but I have given
it to Edmondson, and ordered him to take care that I am born
again from the Derehaughs. This Edmondson has got a ridiculous
notion into his head that another, and much ancienter of my
progenitors, Sir Henry Walpole, married his wife Isabella
Fitz-Osbert, when she was widow to Sir Walter Jernegan; whereas,
all the Old Testament says Sir Walter married Sir Henry's widow.
Pray send me your authority to confound this gainsayer, if you
know any thing particular of the matter.
I had not heard of the painting you tell me of. As those
boobies, the Society of Antiquaries, have gotten hold of it, I
wonder their piety did not make them bury it again, as they did
the clothes of Edward I.(240) I have some notion that in
Vertue's MSS. or somewhere else, I don't know where, I have read
of some ancient painting at the Rose Tavern. This I will tell
you-but Mr. Gough is such" a bear, that I shall not satisfy him
about it. That Society, when they are puzzled, have recourse to
me; and that would be so often, that I shall not encourage them.
They may blunder as they please, from their heavy president down
to the pert Governor Pownall, who accounts for every thing
immediately, before the Creation or since. Say only to Mr.
Gough, that I said I had not leisure now to examine Vertue's MSS.
If I find any thing there, you shall know-but I have no longer
any eagerness to communicate what I discover. When there was so
little taste for MSS. which Mr. Gray thought worth transcribing,
and which were so valuable, would one offer more pearls?
Boydel brought me this morning another number of the Prints from
the pictures at Houghton. Two or three in particular are most
admirably executed--but alas! it will be twenty years before the
set is completed. That is too long to look forward to at any
age!--and at mine!--Nay, people will be tired in a quarter of the
time. Boydel, who knows this country, and still more this town,
thinks so too. Perhaps there will be newer, or at least more
fashionable ways of engraving, and the old will be despised--or,
which is still more likely, nobody will be able to afford the
expense. Who would lay a plan for any thing in an overgrown
metropolis hurrying to its fall!
I will return you Mr. Gough's letter when I get a frank. Adieu!
(240) The Society of Antiquaries, having obtained permission to
do so, had, on the 2d of May 1774, opened the tomb of Edward the
First in Westminster. The body was found in perfect
preservation, and most superbly attired. The garments were, of
course, carefully replaced in the tomb.-E.
Letter 101 To Thomas Astle, Esq.
December 19, 1775. (page 147)
Sir,
I am much obliged, and return you my thanks for the paper you
have sent me. You have added a question to it, which, if I
understand it, you yourself, Sir, are more capable than any body
of answering. You say, "Is it probable that this instrument was
framed by Richard Duke of Gloucester?" If by framed you mean
drawn up, I should think princes of the blood, in that barbarous
age, were not very expert in drawing acts of attainder, though a
branch of the law more in use then than since. But as I suppose
you mean forged, you, Sir, so conversant in writings of that age,
can judge better than any man. You may only mean forged by his
order. Your reading, much deeper than mine, may furnish you with
precedents of forged acts of attainder: I never heard of one; nor
does my simple understanding suggest the use of such a forgery,
on cases immediately pressing; because an act of attainder being
a matter of public notoriety, it would be revolting to the common
sense of all mankind to plead such an one', if it had not really
existed. If it could be carried into execution by force, the
force would avail without the forgery, and would be at once
exaggerated and weakened by it. I cannot, therefore, conceive
why Richard should make use of so absurd a trick, unless that
having so little to do in so short and turbulent a reign, he
amused himself with treasuring up in the tower a forged act for
the satisfaction of those who, three hundred years afterwards,
should be glad of discovering new flaws in his character. As
there are men so bigoted to old legends, I am persuaded, Sir,
that you would please them, by communicating your question to
them. They would rejoice to suppose that Richard was more
criminal than even the Lancastrian historians represent him; and
just at this moment I don't know whether they would not believe
that Mrs. Rudd assisted him. I, who am, probably, as absurd a
bigot on the other side, see nothing in the paper you have sent
me, but a confirmation of Richard's innocence of the death of
Clarence. As the Duke of Buckingham was appointed to superintend
the execution, it is incredible that he should have been drowned
in a butt of malmsey, and that Richard should have been the
executioner. When a seneschal of England, or as we call it, a
lord high steward, is appointed for a trial, at least for
execution, with all his officers, it looks very much as if, even
in that age, proceedings were carried on with a little more
formality than the careless writers of that time let us think.
The appointment, too, of the Duke of Buckingham for that office,
seems to add another improbability [and a work of supererogation]
to Richard's forging the instrument. Did Richard really do
nothing but what tended to increase his unpopularity by glutting
mankind with lies, forgeries, absurdities, which every man living
could detect?
I take this opportunity, Sir, of telling you how sorry I am not
to have seen you long, and how glad I shall be to renew our
acquaintance, especially if you like to talk over this old story
with me, though I own it is of little importance, and pretty well
exhausted.(241) I am, Sir, with great regard, your obliged
humble servant.
(241) To the above letter it was intended to subjoin the
following queries:--
"If there was no such Parliament held, would Richard have dared
to forge an act for it?
"Would Henry VII. never have reproached him with so absurd a
forgery?
"Did neither Sir T. More nor Lord Bacon ever hear of that
forgery?
"As Richard declared his nephew the Earl of Warwick his
successor, would he have done so, if he had forged an act of
attainder of Warwick's father?
"if it is supposed he forged the act, when he set aside Warwick,
could he pretend that act was not known when he declared him his
heir? Would not so recent an act's being unknown have proved it a
forgery; and if there had been no such Parliament as that which
forged it, would not that have proved it a double forgery? The
act, therefore, and the parliament that passed it, must have been
genuine, and existed, though no other record appears. The
distractions of the times, the evident insufficiency or
partiality of the historians of that age, and the interest of
Henry VII to destroy all records that gave authority to the House
Of York and their title, account for our wanting evidence of that
Parliament."
Letter 102 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
January 26, 1776. (page 148)
I have deferred answering your last letter, dear Sir, till I
cannot answer with my own hand. I made a pilgrimage at Christmas
to Queen's Cross, at Ampthill, was caught there by the snow,
Imprisoned there for a fortnight, and sent home bound hand and
foot by the gout. The pain, I suppose, is quite frozen, for I
have had none; nothing but inflammation and swelling, and they
abate. In reality, this is owing to the bootikins, which -though
they do not cure the gout, take out its sting. You, who are
still more apt to be an invalid, feel, I fear, this Hyperborean
season; I should be glad to hear you did not.
I thought I had at once jumped upon a discovery of the subject of
the painted room at the Rose Tavern, but shall not plume myself
upon my luck till I have seen the chamber, because Mr. Gough's
account seems to date the style of the painting earlier than
-will serve my hypothesis. I had no data to go upon but the site
having belonged to the family of Tufton (for I do not think the
description at all answers to the taking of Francis I., nor is it
at all credible that there should be arms in the painting, and
yet neither those of France or Austria). I turned immediately to
Lord Thanet's pedigree, in Collins's Peerage, and found at once
an heroic adventure performed by one of the family, that accords
remarkably with the principal circumstance. It is the rescue of
the Elector Palatine, son of our Queen of Bohemia, from an
ambuscade laid for him by the Duke of Lorrain. The arms, Or, and
Gules, I thought were those of Lorrain, which I since find are
Argent and Gules. The Argent indeed may be turned yellow by age,
as Mr. Gough says he does not know whether the crescent is red or
black. But the great impediment is, that this achievement of a
Tufton was performed in the reign of Charles II. Now in that
reign, when
we were become singularly ignorant of chivalry, anachronisms and
blunders might easily be committed by a modern painter, yet I
shall not adhere to my discovery, unless I find the painting
correspond with the style of the modern time to which I would
assign it; nor will I see through the eyes of my hypothesis, but
fairly.
I shall now turn to another subject. Mr. Astle, who has left me
off ever Since the fatal era of Richard III. for no reason that
I can conceive but my having adopted his discovery, which for
aught I know may be a reason with an antiquary, lately sent me
the attainder of George Duke of Clarence, which he has found in
the Tower and printed; and on it, as rather glad to confute me
and himself, than to have found a curiosity, he had written two
or three questions which tended to accuse Richard of having
forged the instrument, though to the instrument itself is added
another, which confirms my acquittal of Richard of the murder of
Clarence-but, alas! passion is a spying glass that does but make
the eyes of folly more blind.
I sent him an answer, a copy of which I enclose. Since that, I
have heard no more of him, nor shall, I suppose, till I see this
new proof of Richard's guilt adopted into the annals of the
Society, against which I have reserved some other stigmas for it.
Mr. Edmondson has found a confirmation of Isabella Fitz-Osbert
having married Jernegan after Walpole. I forget where I found my
arms of the Fitz-Osberts. Though they differ from yours of Sir
Roger, the colours are the same, and they agree with yours of
William Fitz-Osborne. There was no accuracy in spelling names
even till much later ages; and you know that different branches
of the same family made little variation in their coats.
I am very sorry for the death of poor Henshaw, of which I had not
heard. I am yours most sincerely.
P. S. The queries added to the letter to Mr. Astle were not sent
with it; and, as I reserve them for a future answer, I beg you
will show them to nobody.
Letter 103To Edward Gibbon, Esq.(242)
(February 1776.] (page 149)
Mr. Walpole cannot express how much he is obliged to Mr. Gibbon
for the valuable present he has received;(243) nor how great a
comfort it is to him, in his present situation, in which he
little expected to receive singular pleasure. Mr. Walpole does
not say this at random, nor from mere confidence in the author's
abilities, for he has already (all his weakness would permit)
read the first chapter, and it is in the greatest admiration of
the style, manner, method, clearness, and intelligence. Mr.
Walpole's impatience to proceed will struggle with his disorder,
and give him such spirits, that he flatters himself he shall owe
part of his recovery to Mr. Gibbon; whom, as soon as that is a
little effected, he shall beg the honour of seeing.
(242) Now first collected.
(243) The first quarto volume of the History of the Decline and
Fall of the Roman Empire.-E.
Letter 104 To Edward Gibbon, Esq.(244)
February 14, 1776. (page 150)
After the singular pleasure of reading you, Sir, the next
satisfaction is to declare my admiration. I have read great part
of your volume, and cannot decide to which of its various merits
I give the preference, though I have no doubt of assigning any
partiality to one virtue of the author, which, seldom as I meet
with it, always strikes me superiorly. Its quality will
naturally prevent your guessing which I mean. It is your amiable
modesty. How can you know so much, judge so well, possess your
subject, and your knowledge, and your power of judicious
reflection so thoroughly, and yet command yourself and betray no
dictatorial arrogance of decision? How unlike very ancient and
very modern authors! You have, unexpectedly, given the world a
classic history. The fame it must acquire will tend every day
to acquit this panegyric of flattery.(245) The impressions it
has made on me are very numerous. The strongest is the thirst of
being better acquainted with you--but I reflect that I have been
a trifling author, and am in no light profound enough to deserve
your intimacy, except by confessing your superiority so frankly,
that I assure you honestly, I already feel no envy, though I did
for a moment. The best proof I can give you of my sincerity, is
to exhort you, warmly and earnestly, to go on with your noble
work--the strongest, though a presumptuous mark of my friendship,
is to warn you never to let your charming modesty be corrupted by
the acclamations your talents will receive. The native qualities
of the man should never be sacrificed to those of the author,
however shining. I take this liberty as an older man, which
reminds me how little I dare promise myself that I shall see your
work completed! But I love posterity enough to contribute, if I
can, to give them pleasure through you.
I am too weak to say more, though I could talk for hours on your
history. But one feeling I cannot suppress, though it is a
sensation of vanity. I think, nay, I am sure I perceive, that
your sentiments on government agree with my own. It is the only
point on which I suspect myself of any partiality in my
admiration. It is a reflection of a far inferior vanity that
pleases me in your speaking with so much distinction of that,
alas! wonderful period, in which the world saw five good monarchs
succeed each other.(246) I have often thought of treating that
Elysian era. Happily it has fallen into better hands!
I have been able to rise to-day, for the first time, and flatter
myself that if I have no relapse, you will in two or three days
more give' me leave, Sir, to ask the honour of seeing you. In
the mean time,,be just; and do not suspect me of flattering you.
You will always hear that I say the same of you to every body. I
am, with the greatest regard, Sir, etc.
(244) now first collected.
(245) "I am at a loss," says Gibbon, in his Memoirs, "how to
describe the success of the work without betraying the vanity of
the writer. The first impression was exhausted in a few days; a
second and third edition were scarcely adequate to the demand;
and the bookseller's property was twice invaded by the pirates of
Dublin. My book was on every table, and almost on every
toilette; the historian was crowned by the taste or fashion of
the day; nor was the general voice disturbed by the barking of
any profane critic."-E.
(246) Walpole, in August 1771, had said, "The world will no more
see Athens, Rome, and the Medici again, than a succession of five
good Emperors, like Nerva, Trajan, Adrian, and the two
Antonines." See ante, p. 56-E.
Letter 105 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, March 1, 1776. (page 151)
I am sorry to tell you that the curious old painting at the
Tavern in Fleet Street is addled, by the subject turning out a
little too old. Alas! it is not the story of Francis I., but of
St. Paul. All the coats of arms that should have been French and
Austrian, and that I had a mind to convert into Palatine and
Lorrain, are the bearings of Pharisaic nobility. In short, Dr.
Percy was here yesterday, and tells me that over Mr. Gough's
imaginary Pavia is written Damascus in capital letters. Oh! our
antiquaries!
Mr. Astle has at last called on me, but I was not well enough to
see him. I shall return his visit when I can go out. I hope
this will be in a week: I have no pain left, but have a codicil
of nervous fevers, for which I am taking the bark. I have
nothing new for you in our old way, and therefore will not
unnecessarily lengthen my letter, which was only intended to
cashier the old painting, though I hear the antiquaries still go
on with having a drawing taken from it. Oh! our antiquaries!
Letter 106 To Dr. Gem.(247)
Arlington Street, April 4, 1776 (page 151)
It is but fair, when one quits one's party, to give notice to
those one abandons--at least, modern patriots, who often imbibe
their principles of honour at Newmarket, use that civility. You
and I, dear Sir, have often agreed in our political notions; and
you, I fear, will die without changing your opinion. For my
part, I must confess I am totally altered; and, instead of being
a warm partisan of liberty, now admire nothing but despotism.
You will naturally ask what place I have gotten, or what bribe I
have taken? Those are the criterions of political changes in
England-but, as my conversion is of foreign extraction, I shall
not be the richer for it. In One word, it is the relation du lit
de justice(248) that has operated the miracle. When two
ministers(249) are found so humane, so virtuous, so excellent as
to study nothing but the welfare and deliverance of the people;
when a king listens to such excellent men; and when a parliament,
from the basest, most interested motives, interposes to intercept
the blessing, must I not change my opinions, and admire arbitrary
power? or can I retain my sentiments, without varying the object?
Yes, Sir, I am shocked at the conduct of the Parliament-- one
would think it was an English one! I am scandalized at the
speeches of the Ivocat-g`en`eral,(250) who sets up the odious
interests of the nobility and clergy against the cries and groans
of the poor; and who employs his wicked eloquence to tempt the
good young monarch, by personal views, to sacrifice the mass of
his subjects to the privileges of the few. But why do I call it
eloquence? The fumes of interest had so clouded his rhetoric,
that he falls into a downright Iricism. He tells the King, that
the intended tax on the proprietors of land will affect the
property not only of the rich, but of the poor. I should be glad
to know what is the Property of the poor? Have the poor landed
estates? Are those who have landed estates the poor? Are the
poor that will suffer by the tax, the wretched labourers who are
dragged from their famishing families to work on the roads? But
it is wicked eloquence when it finds a reason, or gives a reason
for continuing the abuse. The Advocate tells the King, those
abuses are presque consacr`es par l'anciennet`e. Indeed, he says
all that can be said for nobility, it is consacr`ee par
l'anciennet`e--and thus the length of the pedigree of abuses
renders them respectable!
His arguments are as contemptible when he tries to dazzle the
King by the great names of Henri Quatre and Sully, of Louis XIV.
and Colbert, two couple whom nothing but a mercenary orator would
have classed together. Nor, were all four equally venerable,
would it prove any thing. Even good kings and good ministers, if
such have been, may have erred; nay, may have done the best they
could. They would not have been good, if they wished their
errors should be preserved, the longer they had lasted.
In short, Sir, I think this resistance of the Parliament to the
adorable reformation planned by Messrs. de Turgot and
Malesherbes, is more phlegmatically scandalous than the wildest
tyranny of despotism. I forget what the nation was that refused
liberty when it was offered. This opposition to so noble a work
is worse. A whole people may refuse its own happiness; but these
profligate magistrates resist happiness for others, for millions,
for posterity! Nay, do they not half vindicate Maupeou, who
crushed them? And you, dear Sir, will you now chide my apostacy?
Have-I not cleared myself to your eyes? I do not see a shadow of
sound logic in all Monsieur Seguier's but in his proposing that
the soldiers should work on the roads, and that passengers should
contribute to their fabric; though, as France is not so
luxuriously mad as England, I do not believe passengers could
support the expense of the roads. That argument, therefore, is
like another that the Avocat proposes to the King, and which, he
modestly owns, he believes would be impracticable.
I beg your pardon, Sir, for giving you this long trouble; but I
could not help venting myself, when shocked to find such renegade
conduct in a Parliament that I was rejoiced had been restored.
Poor human kind! is it always to breed serpents from its own
bowels? In one country, it chooses its representatives, and they
sell it and themselves--in others, it exalts despots--in another,
it resists the despot when he consults the good of his people!
Can we -wonder mankind is wretched, when men are such beings?
Parliaments run wild with loyalty, when America is to be enslaved
or butchered. They rebel, when their country is to be set free!
I am not surprised at the idea of the devil being always at our
elbows. They who invented him, no doubt could not conceive how
men could be so atrocious to one another, without the
intervention of a fiend. Don't you think, if he had never been
heard of before, that he would have been invented on the late
partition of Poland! Adieu, dear Sir. Yours most sincerely.
(247) An English physician long settled at Paris, no less
esteemed for his professional knowledge, than for his kind
attention to the poor who applied to him for medical assistance.
(248) The first lit de justice held by Louis XVI.
(249) Messieurs de Malesherbes and Turgot. When the intrigues
which had been set on foot to overthrow the administration of
Turgot had accomplished that object, an event which took place
shortly after the date of this letter Louis XVI requested
Malesherbes to remain in office; but when he refused to do so,
seeing that his friend Turgot had been dismissed, Louis conscious
of the increased anxieties in which he should be involved,
exclaimed, with a sigh, "Que vous `etes heureux! que ne Puis-je
aussi quitter ma place."-E.
(250) Monsieur de Seguier.
Letter 107 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
April 16, 1776. (page 153)
You will be concerned, my good Sir, for what I have this minute
heard from his nephew, that poor Mr. Granger was seized at the
communion table on Sunday With an apoplexy, and died yesterday
morning at five. I have answered the letter with a word of
advice about his manuscripts, that they may not fall into the
hands of booksellers. He had been told by idle people so many
gossiping stories, that it would hurt him and living persons, to
be printed; for as he Was incapable of 1, if all his collections
were telling an untruth himself, he suspected nobody else--too
great goodness in a biographer.
P. S. The whole world is occupied with the Duchess of Kingston's
trial.(251) I don't tell you a word of it; for you will not care
about it these two hundred years.
(251) in Westminster Hall, before the House of Peers, for
intermarrying with the Duke of Kingston during the lifetime of
her first husband. She was found guilty, but, pleading her
privilege, was discharged without any punishment. Hannah More
gives the following description of the scene:--"Garrick would
have me take his ticket to go to the trial f the Duchess of
Kingston; a sight which, for beauty and magnificence, exceeded
any thing which those who were never present at a coronation or a
trial by peers can have the least notion of. Mrs. Garrick and I
were in full dress by seven. You will imagine the bustle of five
thousand people getting into one hall! yet, in all this hurry, we
walked in tranquilly. When they were all seated, and the
King-at-arms had commanded silence, on pain of imprisonment,
(which, however, was very ill observed,) the gentleman of the
black rod was commanded to bring in his prisoner. Elizabeth,
calling herself Duchess dowager of Kingston, walked in, led by
Black Rod and Mr. La Roche, courtesying profoundly to her judges.
The peers made her a slight bow. The prisoner was dressed in
deep mourning; a black hood on her head; her hair modestly
dressed and powdered; a black silk sacque, with crape trimmings;
black gauze, deep ruffles, and black gloves. The counsel spoke
about an hour and a quarter each. Dunning's manner is
insufferably bad, coughing and spitting at every three words, but
his sense and his expression pointed to the last degree: he made
her grace shed bitter tears. The fair victim had four virgins in
white behind the bar. She imitated her great predecessor, Mrs.
Rudd, and affected to write very often, though I plainly
perceived she only wrote, as they do their love epistles on the
stage, without forming a letter. The Duchess has but small
remains of that beauty of which kings and princes were once so
enamoured. She looked much like Mrs. Pritchard. She is large
and ill-shaped; there was nothing white but her face and, had it
not been for that, she would have looked like a bale of
bombazeen. There was a great deal of ceremony, a great deal of
splendour, and a great deal of nonsense: they adjourned upon the
most foolish pretences imaginable, and did nothing with such an
air of business as was truly ridiculous. I forgot to tell you
the Duchess was taken ill, but performed it badly." In a
subsequent letter, she says--"I have the great satisfaction of
telling you that Elizabeth, calling herself Duchess-dowager of
Kingston, was, this very afternoon, Undignified and unduchessed,
and very narrowly escaped being burned in the hand. If you have
been half as much interested against this unprincipled, artful,
licentious woman as I have, you will be rejoiced at it as I am.
Lord Camden breakfasted with us. He is very angry that she was
not burned in the hand. He says, as he was once a professed
lover of hers, he thought it would have looked ill-natured and
ungallant for him to propose it; but that he should have acceded
to it most heartily, though he believes he should have
recommended a cold iron." Memoirs, vol. i. Pp. 82, 85.-E.
Letter 108 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 1, 1776. (page 154)
Mr. Granger's papers have been purchased by Lord Mount
Stewart,(252) who has the frenzy of portraits as well as I; and,
though I am at the head of the sect, I have no longer the rage of
propagating it, nor would I on any account take the trouble of
revising and publishing the manuscripts. Mr. Granger had drowned
his taste for portraits in the ocean of biography; and, though he
began with elucidating prints, he at last only sought prints that
he might write the lives of those they represented. His work was
grown and growing so voluminous, that an abridgment only could
have made it useful to collectors. I am not surprised that you
wilt not assist Kippis;(253) Bishop Laud and William Prynne could
never agree. You are very justly more averse to Mr. Masters who
is a pragmatic fellow, and at best troublesome.
If the agate knives you are so good as to recommend to me can be
tolerably authenticated, have any royal marks, or, at least, old
setting of the time, and will be sold for two guineas, I should
not dislike having them - though I have scarce room to stick a
knife and fork. But if I trouble you to pay for them, you must
let me know all I owe you already, for I know I am in your debt
for prints and pamphlets, and this new debt will make the whole
considerable enough to be remitted. I have lately purchased
three apostle-spoons to add to the one you was so kind as to give
me. What is become of Mr. Essex? does he never visit London? I
wish I could tempt him thither or hither. I am not only thinking
of building my offices in a collegiate style, for which I have a
good design and wish to consult him, but am actually wanting
assistance at this very moment, about a smaller gallery that I
wish to add' this summer; and which, if Mr. Essex was here, he
should build directly.
It is scarce worth asking him to take the journey on purpose,
though I would pay for his journey hither and back, and would
lodge him here for the necessary time. I can only beg you to
mention it to him as an idle jaunt, the object is so trifling. I
wish more that YOU Could come with him: do you leave your poor
parishioners and their souls to themselves? if you do, I hope
Dr. Kippis will seduce them. Yours ever.
(252) John Lord Mountstuart; in March 1796, created Marquis of
Bute. He died in Geneva in November 1814, when the marquisate
descended to his grandson.-E.
(253) Dr. Andrew Kippis, well-known for the active part he took
in producing the second edition of the" Biographia Britannnica,
of which he was the editor, and in a great measure the writer.
He had applied to 'Mr. Cole for assistance; and Walpole's
satisfaction at Cole's refusal is to be accounted for by the fact
of Kippis having threatened to expose Sir Robert Walpole in the
course of that work. Walpole had called the " Biographia
Britannica" an apology for every body. This Kippis happened to
hear of; upon which he is said to have retorted, "that the Life
of Sir Robert Walpole should prove that the Biographia was not an
apology for every body.'-E.
Letter 109 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 11, 1776. (page 155)
I am grieved, and feel for your gout; I know the vexations and
disappointments it occasions, and how often it will return when
one thinks it going or gone: it represents life and its
vicissitudes. At last I know it makes me content when one does
not feel actual pain,--and what contents may be called a
blessing; but it is a sort of blessing that extinguishes hopes
and views, and is not so luxurious but one can bear to relinquish
it. I seek amusements now to amuse me; I used to rush into them,
because I had an impulse and wished for what I sought. My want
of Mr. Essex has a little of both kinds, as it is for an addition
to this place, for which my fondness is not worn out. I shall be
very glad to see him here either on the 20th or 21st of this
month, and shall have no engagement till the 23d, and will gladly
pay his journey. I am sorry I must not hope that you will
accompany him.
Letter 110 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, June 30, 1776. (page 156)
I was very glad to receive your letter, not only because always
most glad to hear of you, but because I wished to write to you,
and had absolutely nothing to say till I had something to answer.
I have lain but two nights in town since I saw you; have been,
else, Constantly here, very much employed, though doing, hearing.
knowing exactly nothing. I have had a Gothic architect from
Cambridge to design me a gallery, Which will end in a mouse, that
is, in an hexagon closet, of seven feet diameter. I have been
making a beauty-room, which was effected by buying two dozen of
small copies of Sir Peter Lely, and hanging them up; and I have
been making hay, which is not made, because I put it off for
three days, as I chose it should adorn the landscape when I was
to have company; and so the rain is come, and has drowned it.
However, as I can even turn calculator when it is to comfort me
for not minding my interest, I have discovered that it is five to
one better for me that my hay should be spoiled than not-, for,
as the cows will eat it if it is damaged, which horses will not,
and as I have five cows and but one horse, is not it plain that
the worse my hay is the better? Do not you with your refining
head go, and, out of excessive friendship, find out something to
destroy my system. I had rather be a philosopher than a rich
man; and yet have so little philosophy, that I had much rather be
content than be in the right.
Mr. Beauclerk and Lady Di.(254) have been here four or five days
-so I had both content and exercise for my philosophy. I wish
Lady Ailesbury was as fortunate! The Pembrokes, Churchills, Le
Texier, as you will have heard, and the Garricks have been with
us. Perhaps, if alone, I might have come to you--but you are all
too healthy and harmonious. I can neither walk nor sing -nor,
indeed, am fit for any thing but to amuse myself in a sedentary
trifling way. What I have most certainly not been doing, is
writing any thing: a truth I say to you, but do not desire you to
repeat. I deign to satisfy scarce any body else. Whoever
reported that I was writing any thing, must have been so totally
unfounded, that they either blundered by guessing without reason,
or knew they lied-and that could not be with any kind intention;
though saying I am going to do what I am not going to do, is
wretched enough. Whatever is said of me without truth, any body
is welcome to believe that pleases. In fact, though I have
scarce a settled purpose about any thing, I think I shall never
write any more. I have written a great deal too much, unless I
had written better, and I know I should now only write still
worse. One's talent, whatever it is, does not improve at
sixty-yet, if I liked it, I dare say a good reason would not stop
my inclination;--but I am grown most indolent in that respect,
and most absolutely indifferent to every purpose of vanity. Yet
without vanity I am become still prouder and more contemptuous.
I have a contempt for my countrymen that makes me despise their
approbation. The applause of slaves and of the foolish mad is
below ambition. Mine is the haughtiness of an ancient Briton,
that cannot write what would please this age, and would not, if
he could. Whatever happens in America this country is undone. I
desire to be reckoned of the last age, and to be thought to have
lived to be superannuated, preserving my senses only for myself
and for the few I value. I cannot aspire to be traduced like
Algernon Sydney, and content myself with sacrificing to him
amongst my lares. Unalterable in my principles, careless about
most things below essentials, indulging myself in trifles by
system, annihilating myself by choice, but dreading folly at an
unseemly age, I contrive to pass my time agreeably enough, yet
see its termination approach without anxiety. This is a true
picture of my mind; and it must be true, because drawn for you,
whom I would not deceive, and could not, if I would. Your
question on my being writing drew it forth, though with more
seriousness than the report deserved--yet talking to one's
dearest friend is neither wrong nor out of season. Nay, you are
my best apology. I have always contented myself with your being
perfect, or, if your modesty demands a mitigated term, I will
say, unexceptionable. It is comical, to be sure, to have always
been more solicitous about the virtue of one's friend than about
one's own-yet, I repeat it, you are my apology -though I never
was so unreasonable as to make you answerable for my faults in
return; I take them wholly to myself. But enough of this. When
I know my own mind, for hitherto I have settled no plan ,for my
summer, I will come to you. Adieu!
(254) Lady Diana Spencer, daughter of Charles, Duke of
Marlborough; born in 1734; married, in 1757, to Viscount
Bolingbroke; from whom she was divorced in 1768, and married
immediately after to Mr. Topham Beauclerk.-E.
Letter 111 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
July 23, 1776. (page 157)
You are so good to me, my dear Sir, that I am quite ashamed. I
must not send back your charming present, but wish you would give
me leave to pay for it, and I shall have the same obligation to
you, and still more. It is beautiful in form and colours, and
pleases me excessively. In the mean time, I have in a great
hurry (for I came home but at noon to meet Mr. Essex) chosen out
a few prints for you, Such as I think you will like, and beg you
to accept them: they enter Into no one of my sets. I am heartily
grieved at your account of yourself, and know no comfort but
submission. I was absent to 'General Conway, who is far from
well. We must take our lot as it falls! joy and 'sorrow is mixed
till the scene closes. I am out of spirits, and shall not mend
yours. Mr. Essex is just setting out, and I write in great
haste, but am, as I have so long been, most truly yours.
Letter 112To The Rev. Mr. Cole
Strawberry Hill, July 24, 1776. (page 158)
I wrote to you yesterday, dear Sir, not only in great haste, but
in great confusion, and did not say half I ought to have done for
the pretty vase you sent me, and for your constant obliging
attention to me. All I can say is, that gratitude attempted even
in my haste and concern to put in its word: and I did not mean to
pay you, (which I hope you will really allow me to do) but to
express my sensibility of your kindness. The fact was, that to
avoid disappointing Mr. Essex, when I had dragged him hither from
Cambridge, I had returned hither precipitately, and yet late,
from Park-place whither I went the day before to see General
Conway, who has had a little attack of the paralytic kind. You,
who can remember how very long and dearly I have loved so near a
relation and particular friend, and who are full of nothing but
friendly sensations, can judge how shocked I was to find him more
changed than I expected. I suffered so much in constraining and
commanding myself, that I was not sorry, as the house was full of
relations, to have the plea of Mr. Essex, to get away, and came
to sigh here by myself. It is, perhaps, to prevent my concern
that I write now. Mr. Conway is in no manner of danger, is
better, his head nor speech are affected, and the physicians, who
barely allow the attack to be of the paralytic nature, are clear
it is local, in the muscles of the face. Still has it operated
such a revolution in my mind, as no time, at my age, can efface.
It has at once damped every pursuit which my spirits had even now
prevented me from being weaned from, I mean a Virt`u. It is like
a mortal distemper in myself; for can amusements amuse, if there
is but a glimpse, a vision, of outliving one's friends? I have
had dreams in which I thought I wished for fame--it was not
certainly posthumous fame at any distance: I feel, I feel, it was
confined to the memory of those I love. It seems to me
impossible for a man who has no friends to do any Thing for
fame--and to me the first position in friendship is, to intend
one's friends should survive one-but it is not reasonable to
oppress you, who are suffering gout, with my melancholy ideas.
Let me know as you mend. What I have said, will tell you, what I
hope so many years have told you, that I am very constant and
sincere to friends of above forty years. I doubt Mr. Essex
perceived that my mind was greatly bewildered- He gave me a
direction to Mr. Penticross, who I recollect, Mr. Gray, not you,
told me was turned a Methodist teacher. He was a blue-coat boy,
and came hither then to some of my servants, having at that age a
poetic turn. As he has reverted to it, I hope the enthusiasm
will take a more agreeable plea. I have not heard of him for
many Years, and thought he was settled somewhere near Cambridge:
I find it is at Wallingford. I wonder those madmen and knaves do
not begin to wear out, as their folly is no longer new, and as
knavery can turn its hand to any trade according to the humour of
the age, which in countries like this is seldom constant. Yours
most faithfully.
Letter 113 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, August 19, 1776. (page 159)
I have time but to write you a line, and it is as usual to beg
your help in a sort of literary difficulty. I have received a
letter dated , "Catherine Hall" from "Ken. Prescot," whom I doubt
I have forgotten; for he begins "Dear Sir," and I protest I
cannot recollect him, though I ought. He says he wants to send
me a few classical discourses, and e speaks with respect of my
father, and, by his trembling hand, seems an old man. All these
are reasons for my treating him with great regard; and, being
afraid of hurting him, I have written a short and very civil
answer, directed to the "Rev. Dr. Prescot." God knows whether he
is a clergyman or a doctor, and perhaps I may have betrayed my
forgetfulness; but I -thought it was best to err on the over
civil side. Tell me something about him; I dread his Discourses.
Is he the strange man that a few years ago sent me a volume of an
uncommon form, and of more uncommon matter? I suspect so.(255)
You shall certainly have two or three of my prints by Mr. Essex
when he returns hither and hence, and any thing else you will
command. I am just now in great concern for the terrible death
of General Conway's son-in-law, Mr. Damer,(256) of which,
perhaps, you in your solitude have not heard.-You are happy who
take no part but in the past world, for the mortui non mordent,
nor do any of the extravagant and distressing things that perhaps
they did in their lives. I hope the gout, that persecutes even
in a hermitage, has left you. Yours most sincerely.
(255) Dr. Kenrick Prescot, master of Catherine Hall, and author
of a quarto volume, published at Cambridge in 1773, entitled,
"Letters concerning Homer the Sleeper, in Horace; with additional
classic Amusements."-E.
(256) John, eldest son of Joseph Damer, Esq, Lord Milton;
afterwards Earl of Dorchester.-E.
Letter 114 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 9, 1776. (page 160)
May I trouble you, dear Sir, when you see our friend Mr. Essex,
to tell him that the tower is covered in, and that whenever he
has nothing to do, after this week, I shall be very glad to see
him here, if he will only send me a line two or three days
beforehand. I have carried this little tower higher than the
round one, and it has an exceedingly pretty effect, breaking the
long line of the house picturesquely, and looking very ancient.
I must correct a little error in the spelling of a name in the
pedigree you was so kind as to make out for me last year. The
Derehaughs were not of Colton, but of Coulston-hall. This I
discovered only this morning. On opening a patch-box that
belonged to my mother, and which I have not opened for many
years, I found an extremely small silver collaring, about this
size--O--but broad and flat. I remember it was in an old satin
bag of coins that my mother found in old Houghton when she first
married. I call it a collar from the breadth; for it would not
be large enough for a fairy's lap-dog. It was probably made for
an infant's little finger, and must have been for a ring, not a
collar; for I believe, though she was an heiress, young ladies
did not elope so very early in those days. I never knew how it
came into the family, but now it is plain, for the inscription on
the outside is, "of Coulstonhall, Suff." and it is a confirmation
of your pedigree. I have tied it to a piece of paper, with a
long inscription, and it is so small, it will not be melted down
for the weight; and if not lost from its diminutive person, may
remain in the family a long while, and be preserved when some
gamester may Spend every other bit of silver he has in the world;
at least, if one would make heir-looms now, one must take care
that they have no value in them.
P. S. I was turning over Edmonson this evening, and observed an
odd occurrence of circumstances in the present Lord
Carmarthen.(257) By his mother he is the representative of the
great Duke of Marlborough, and of old Treasurer Godolphin;(258)
by his father, of the Lord treasurer Duke of Leeds;(259) and by
his grandmother, is descended from the Lord-treasurer
Oxford.(260) Few men are so well ancestored in so short a
compass of time.
(257) Francis Godolphin, Marquis of Carmarthen, only surviving
son of Thomas Duke of Leeds; and who, upon the death of his
father, in 17 9 succeeded to the dukedom.-E
(258) Mary Duchess of Leeds, wife of Thomas, fourth duke, was
second daughter, and eventually sole heiress, of Francis Earl Of
Godolphin, by Henrietta Duchess of Marlborough, eldest daughter
and coheir of the great Duke of Marlborough.-E.
(259) Sir Thomas Osborne, lord high treasurer of England, the
first Duke of Leeds; who, having been successively honoured with
the Barony of Osborne, the Viscounty of Latimer, the Earldom of
Danby, and the Marquisate Of Carmarthen, was, on the 4th of May
1694, created Duke of Leeds.-E.
(260) Elizabeth, the first wife of Peregrine Hyde, third Duke of
Leeds, was the youngest daughter of Robert Harley, the great Earl
of Oxford.-E.
Letter 115 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Thursday, Oct. 31, 1776. (page 161)
Thank you for your letter. I send this by the coach. You will
have found a new scene,(261) not an unexpected one by you and me,
though I do not pretend I thought it so near. I rather imagined
France would have instigated or winked at Spain's beginning with
us. Here is a solution of the Americans declaring themselves
independent. Oh! the folly, the madness, the guilt of having
plunged us into this abyss! Were we and a few more endued with
any uncommon penetration? No: they who did not see as far, would
not. I am impatient to hear the complexion of to-day. I suppose
it will, on the part of administration, have been a wretched
farce of fear, daubed over with airs of bullying. You, I do not
doubt, have acted like yourself, feeling for our situation, above
insulting, and unprovoked but at the criminality that has brought
us to this pass. Pursue your own path, nor lean to the court
that may be paid to you on either side, as I am sure you will not
regard their being displeased that you do not go as far as their
interested views may wish. If the court should receive any more
of what they call good news, I think the war with France will be
unavoidable. It was the victory at Long Island(262) and the
frantic presumption it occasioned, that has ripened France's
measures--And now we are to awe them by pressing--an act that
speaks our impotence!--which France did not want to learn!
I would have come to town, but I had declared so much I would
not, that I thought it would look as if I came to enjoy the
distress of the ministers-but I do not enjoy the distress of my
country. I think we are undone; I have always thought so--
whether we enslaved America, or lost it totally--so we that were
against the war could expect no good issue. If you do return to
Park-place to-morrow, you will oblige me much by breakfasting
here - you know it wastes you very little time.
'I am glad I did not know of Mrs. Damer's sore throat till it is
almost well. Pray take care and do not catch it.
Thank you for your care of me: I will not stay a great deal here,
but at present I never was better in my life-and here I have no
vexatious moments. I hate to dispute; I scorn to triumph myself,
and it is very difficult to keep my temper when others do. I own
I have another reason for my retirement, which is prudence. I
have thought of it late, but, at least, I will not run into any
new expense. it would cost me more than I care to afford to buy
a house in town, Unless I do it to take some of my money out of
the stocks, for which I tremble a little. My brother is seventy;
and if I live myself, I Must not build too much on his life; and
you know, if he fails, I lose the most secure part of my income.
I refused from Holland, and last year from Lord North, to accept
the place for my own life; and having never done a dirty thing, I
will not disgrace myself at fifty-nine. I should like to live as
well as I have done; but what I wish more, is to secure what I
have already saved for those I would take care of after me.
These are the true reasons of my dropping all thought of a better
house in town, and of living so privately here. I -will not
sacrifice my health to my prudence; but my temper is so violent,
that I know the tranquillity I enjoy here in solitude is of much
more benefit to my health, than the air of the country is
detrimental to it. You see I can be reasonable when I have time
to reflect; but philosophy has a poor chance with me when my
warmth is stirred--and yet I know, that an angry old man out of
parliament, and that can do nothing but be angry, is a ridiculous
animal.
(261) On the opening of the session.
(262) On the 17th of August 1776, when the English army, under
the command of General Howe, defeated the Americans at Flat Bush,
in Long Island.-E.
Letter 116 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, Nov. 2, 1776. (page 162)
Though inclination, and consciousness that a man of my age, who
is neither in parliament nor in business, has little to do in the
world, keep me a good deal out of it, yet I will not, my dear
lord, encourage you in retirement; to which, for the interest of
your friends, you have but too much propensity. The manners of
the age cannot be agreeable to those who have lived in something
soberer times; nor do I think, except in France, where old people
are never out of fashion, that it is reasonable to tire those
whose youth and spirits may excuse some dissipation. Above all
things, it is my resolution never to profess retirement, lest,
when I have lost all my real teeth, the imaginary one, called a
colt's, should hurry me back and make me ridiculous. But one
never outlives all one's contemporaries; one may assort with
them. Few Englishmen, too, I have observed, can bear solitude
without being hurt by it. Our climate makes us capricious, and
we must rub off our roughness and humours against one another.
We have, too, an always increasing resource, which is, that
though we go not to the young, they must come to us: younger
usurpers tread on their heels, as they did on ours, and revenge
us that have been deposed. They may retain their titles, like
Queen Christina, Sir M * * * N * * *, and Lord Rivers; but they
find they have no subjects. If we could but live long enough, we
should hear Lord Carlisle, Mr. Storer, etc. complain of the airs
and abominable hours of the youth of the age. YOU see, my dear
lord, my easy philosophy can divert itself with any thing, even
with visions; which perhaps is the best way of treating the great
vision itself, life. For half one's time one should laugh with
the world, the other half at it--and then it is hard if we want
amusement.
I am heartily glad, for your lordship's and Lady Anne Conolly's
sakes, that General Howe(263) is safe. I sincerely interest
myself for every body you are concerned for. I will say no more
on a subject on which I fear I am so unlucky as to differ very
much with your lordship, having always fundamentally disapproved
our conduct with America. indeed, the present prospect of war
with France, when we have so much disabled ourselves, and are
exposed in so many quarters, is a topic for general lamentation,
rather than for canvassing Of Opinions, which every man must form
for himself: and I doubt the moment is advancing when we shall be
forced to think alike, at least on the present.
I have not yet above a night at a time in town--but shall be glad
to give your lordship and Lady Strafford a meeting there whenever
you please. Your faithful humble servant.
(263) General Sir William Howe, brother of the Admiral, was then
commander-in-chief of the British forces in America. He was
married to a daughter of Lady Anne Conolly, and consequently to a
niece of Lord Strafford.-E.
Letter 117 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Dec. 9, 1776. (page 163)
I know you love an episcopal print, and, therefore, I send you
one of two, that have just been given to me. As you have time
and patience, too, I recommend you to peruse Sir John Hawkins's
History Of Music.(264) It is true, there are five huge volumes
in quarto, and perhaps you may not care for the expense; but
surely you can borrow them in the University, and, though you may
no more than I, delight in the scientific, there is so much about
cathedral service, and choirs, and other old matters, that I am
sure you will be amused with a great deal, particularly the two
last volumes, and the facsimiles of old music in the first. I
doubt it is a work that will not sell rapidly, but it must have a
place in all great libraries.
(264) A work full of amusement, and deserving of Walpole's good
word, notwithstanding the witty criticism which Dr. Calcott
passed upon it in his well known catch, "Have You Sir John
Hawkins's History?" in which he makes the name of the rival work,
"Burney's (Burn-HIS) History," express the fate which Hawkins's
volumes deserved.-E.
Letter 118 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Feb. 20, 1777. (page 163)
Dear Sir,
You are always my oracle in any antique difficulties. I have
bought at Mr. Ives's(265) sale (immensely dear) the shutters of
the altar at Edmondsbury: Mr. Ives had them from Tom Martin,(266)
who married Peter Leneve's widow; so you see no shutters can be
better descended on the mother's side. Next to high birth,
personal merit is something: in that respect, my shutters are far
from defective: on the contrary, the figures in the inside are so
very good, as to amaze me who could paint them here in the reign
of Henry VI.; they are worthy of the Bolognese school--but they
have suffered in several places, though not considerably. Bowes
is to repair them, under oath of only filling up the cracks, and
restoring the peelings off, but without repainting or varnishing.
The possession of these boards, invaluable to me, was essential.
They authenticate the sagacity of my guesses, a talent in an
antiquary coequal with prophecy in a saint. On the outside is an
archbishop, unchristened by the late possessors, but evidently
Archbishop Kempe, or the same person with the prelate in my
Marriage of Henry VI.,_ and you will allow from the collateral
evidence that it must be Kempe, as I have so certainly discovered
another person in my picture. The other outside is a cardinal,
called by Mr. Ives, Babington; but I believe Cardinal Beaufort,
for the lion of England stands by him, which a bastardly prince
of the blood was more likely to assume than a true one. His face
is not very like, nor very unlike, the face in my picture; but
this is -shaven.-But now comes the great point. On the inside is
Humphrey Duke of Gloucester kneeling--not only exactly resembling
mine as possible, but with the same almost bald head, and the
precisely same furred robe. An apostle-like personage stands
behind him, holding a golden chalice, as his royal highness's
offering, and, which is remarkable, the duke's velvet cap of
state, with his coronet of strawberry-leaves.
I used to say, to corroborate my hypothesis, that the skull of
Duke Humphrey at St. Alban's was very like the form of head in my
picture, which argument diverted the late Lord Holland
extremely--but I trust now that nobody will dispute any longer my
perfect acquaintance with all Dukes of Gloucester.--By the way,
did I ever tell You that when I published my Historic Doubts on
Richard III., my niece's marriage not being then acknowledged,
George Selwyn said, he did not think I should have doubted about
the Duke of Gloucester? On the inside of another shutter is a
man unknown: he is in a stable, as Joseph might be, but over him
hangs a shield of arms, that are neither Joseph's nor Mary's.
The colours are either black and white, or so changed as not to
be distinguishable. * * " * I conclude the person who is in red
and white was the donor of the altar-piece, or benefactor; and
what I want of you is to discover him and his arms; and to tell
me whether Duke Humphrey, Beaufort, Kempe, and Babington were
connected with St. Edmondsbury, or whether this unknown person
was not a retainer of Duke Humphrey, at least of the royal
family.
At the same sale I bought a curious pair, that I conclude came
from Blickling, with Hobart impaling Boleyn from which latter
family the former enjoyed that seat. How does this third winter
of the season agree with you? The wind to-day is sharper than a
razor, and blows icicles into one's eyes. I was confined for
seven weeks with the gout " yet am so well recovered as to have
been abroad to-day, though it is as mild under the pole.
Pray can you tell me the title of the book that Mr. Ives
dedicated to me? I never saw it, for he was so odd (I cannot call
it modest, lest I should seem not so myself) as never to send it
me, and I never could get it. Yours truly.
(265) John Ives the antiquary, author of "Remarks upon the
Garianonum of the Romans the Site and Remains fixed and
described."-E.
(266) Tom Martin of Palgrave, the well known antiquary, whose
"History of Thetford"was published in 1779, by Gough, who has
prefixed to it a Biographical Sketch of the Author.-E.
Letter 119 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
February 27, 1777. (page 165)
You see, dear Sir, that we thought on each other just at the same
moment; but, as usual, you was thinking of obliging me, and I, of
giving YOU trouble. You have fully satisfied me of the Connexion
between the Lancastrian Princes and St. Edmondsbury. Edmondson,
I conclude, will be able to find out the proprietor of the arms,
impaling Walrond.
I am well acquainted with Sir A. Weldon(267) and the Aulicus
Coquinanae,(268) and will return them with Mr. Ives's tracts,
which I intend to buy at the sale of his books. Tell me how I
may convey them to you most safely. You say, "Till I show an
inclination to borrow more of your MSS." I hope you do not think
my appetite for that loan is in the least diminished. I should
at all minutes, and ever, be glad to peruse them all--but I was
not sure you wished to send them to me, though you deny me
nothing--and my own fear of their coming to any mischance made me
very modest about asking for them--but now, whenever you can send
me any of them with perfect security, I eagerly and impudently
ask to see them: you cannot oblige me more, I assure you.
I am sorry Dr. E * * n is got into such a dirty scrape. There is
scarce any decent medium observed at present between wasting
fortunes and fabricating them--and both by any disreputable
manner; for, as to saving money by prudent economy, the method is
too slow in proportion to consumptions: even forgery, alas!(269
seems to be the counterpart or restorative of the ruin by gaming.
I hope at least that robbery on the highway will go out of
fashion as too piddling a profession for gentlemen.
I enclose a card for your friends, but must advertise them that
March is in every respect a wrong month for seeing Strawberry.
It not only wants its leaves and beauty then, but most of the
small pictures and curiosities, which are taken down and packed
up in winter, are not restored to their places till the weather
is fine and I am more there. Unless they are confined in time,
your friends had much better wait till May-but, however, they
will be very welcome to go when they please. I am more
personally interested in hoping to See you there this summer--you
must visit my new tower. Diminutive as it is, it adds much to
the antique air of the whole in both fronts. You know I shall
sympathize with your gout, and you are always master of your own
hours.
(267) Sir Anthony Weldon was the author of "The Court and
Character of King James; written and taken by Sir A. W., being an
eye and ear witness." London, 1650. A work which has been
pronounced, by competent authority, " a despicable tissue of
filth and obscenity, of falsehood and malignity."-E.
(268) "Aulicus Coquinanae; or, an Answer to the Court and
Character of King James." London, 1650. This work has been
ascribed to William Sanderson, and to Dr. Heylin; and is, as well
as Weldon's, reprinted in the "Secret History of the Court of
King James." Edinburgh, 1811-E.
(269) Alluding to Dr. Dodd; whose trial for forgery had taken
place on the 22d, at the Old Bailey.-E.
Letter 120 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, May 22, 1777. (page 166)
It is not Owing to forgetfulness, negligence, or idleness--to
none of which I am subject, that you have not heard from me since
I saw you, dear Sir, but to my miserable occupation with my poor
nephew, who engrosses my whole attention, and will, I doubt,
destroy my health, if he does not recover his. I have got him
within fourteen miles of town with difficulty. He is rather
worse than better, may recover in an instant, as he did last
time, or remain in his present sullenness. I am far from
expecting he should ever be perfectly in his senses; which, in my
opinion, he scarce ever was. His intervals expose him to the
worst people ; his relapses overwhelm me.
I have-put together some trifles I promised you, and will beg Mr.
Lort to be the bearer when he goes to Cambridge, if I know of it.
At present I have time for nothing I like. My age and
inclination call for retirement: I envied your happy hermitage,
and leisure to follow your inclination. I have always lived
post, and shall not die before I can bait-yet it is not my wish
to be unemployed, could I but choose my occupations. I wish I
could think of the pictures you mention, or had time to see Dr.
Glynn and the master of Emmanuel. I doat on Cambridge, and could
like to be often there. The beauty of King's College Chapel, now
it is restored, penetrated me with a visionary longing to be a
monk in it; though my life has been passed in turbulent scenes,
in pleasures-or rather pastimes, and in much fashionable
dissipation, still books, antiquity, and virt`u kept hold of a
corner of my heart, and since necessity has forced me of late
years to be a man of business, my disposition tends to be a
recluse for what remains-but it will not be my lot: and though
there is some excuse for the young doing what they like, I doubt
an old man should do nothing but what he ought, and I hope doing
one's duty is the best preparation for death. Sitting with one's
arms folded to think about it, is a very lazy way of preparing
for it. If Charles V. had resolved to make some amends for his
abominable ambition by doing good, his duty as a King, there
would have been infinitely more merit than going to doze in a
convent.(270) One may avoid active guilt in a sequestered life;
but the virtue of it is merely negative, though innocence is
beautiful.
I approve much of 'Your corrections on Sir J. Hawkins, and send
them to the Magazine. I want the exact blazon of William of
Hatsfield his arms,--I mean the Prince buried at York. Mr. Mason
and I are going to restore his monument, and I have not time to
look for them-: I know you will be so good as to assist. Yours
most sincerely.
(270) "The Spaniard, when the lust of sway
Had lost its quickening spell,
Cast crowns for rosaries away,
An empire for a cell!
"A strict accountant of his beads,
A subtle disputant on creeds,
His dotage trifled well:
Yet better had he neither known
A bigot's shrine nor despot's throne." Byron.-E.
Letter 121 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 19, 1777. (page 167)
I thank YOU for your notices, dear Sir, and shall remember that
on Prince William. I did see the Monthly Review, but hope one is
not guilty of the death of every man who does not make one the
dupe of a forgery. I believe M'Pherson's success with Ossian was
more The ruin of Chatterton than I. Two years passed between my
doubting the authenticity of Rowley's(271) poems and his death.
I never knew he had been in London till some time after he had
undone and poisoned himself there. The poems he sent me were
transcripts in his own hand, and even in that circumstance he
told a lie: he said he had them from the very person at Bristol
to whom he had given them. If any man was to tell you that
monkish rhymes had been dug up at Herculaneum, which was
destroyed several centuries before there was any such poetry,
should you believe it? Just the reverse is the case of Rowley's
pretended poems. They have all the elegance of Waller and Prior,
and more than Lord Surrey--but I have no objection to any body
believing what he pleases. I think poor Chatterton was an
astonishing genius-but I cannot think that Rowley foresaw metres
that were invented long after he was dead, or that our language
was more refined at Bristol in the reign of Henry V. than it was
at court under Henry VIII. One of the chaplains of the Bishop of
Exeter has found a line of Rowley in Hudibras-the monk might
foresee that too! The prematurity of Chatterton's genius is,
however, full as wonderful, as that such a prodigy as Rowley
should never have been heard of till the eighteenth century. The
youth and industry of the former are miracles, too, yet still
more' credible. There is not a symptom in the poems, but the old
words, that savours of Rowley's age--change the old words for
modern, and the whole construction is of yesterday.
(271) See in Walpole's Works, vol. iv. the Papers relative to
Chatterton; see also vol- i. P. 61 of this collection.-E.
Letter 122 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, July 10, 1777. (page 168)
Don't be alarmed at this thousandth letter in a week. This is
more to Lady Hamilton(272) than to you. Pray tell her I have
seen Monsieur la Bataille d'.Agincourt.(273) He brought me her
letter yesterday: and I kept him to sup, sleep in the modern
phrase, and breakfast here this morning; and flatter myself he
was, and she will be, content with the regard I paid to her
letter.
The weather is a thought warmer to-day, and I am as busy as bees
are about their hay. My hayssians(274) have cost me as much as
if I had hired them of the Landgrave.(275)
I am glad your invasion(276) is blown over. I fear I must invite
those flat-bottomed vessels hither, as the Swissess Necker has
directed them to the port of Twickenham. Madame de Blot is too
fine, and Monsieur Schomberg one of the most disagreeable, cross,
contemptuous savages I ever saw. I have often supped with him at
the Duchess de Choiseul's, and could not bear him; and now I must
be charm`e, and p`en`etr`e, and combl`e, to see him: and I shall
act it very ill, as I always do when I don't do what I like.
Madame Necker's letter is as affected and pr`ecieuse, as if
Marmontel had written it for a Peruvian milk-maid. She says I am
a philosopher, and as like Madame de S`evign`e as two peas--who
was as unlike a philosopher as a gridiron. As I have none of
Madame de S`evign`e's natural easy wit, I am rejoiced that I am
no more like a philosopher neither, and still less like a
philosophe; which is a being compounded of D'Urfey and Diogenes,
a pastoral coxcomb, and a supercilious brute.
(272) The first wife of Sir William Hamilton, envoy extraordinary
at the court of Naples. She was a Miss Barlow-E.
(273) M. le Chevalier d'Agincourt, a French antiquary, long
settled in Italy. 1. B. L. Seroux d'Agincourt, born at Beauvais
in 1730, died at Rome in 1814, having, during thirty-six years,
laboured assiduously in the composition of his grand work,
"Histoire de l'Art par les Monumens depuis sa D`ecadence au
Quatri`eme Si`ecle jusqu'`a son Renouvellement au Seizi`eme". Of
this splendid book, in six vols. folio, which was not published
until 1823, nine years after the death of the author, an
interesting review will be found in the seventh volume of the
Foreign Quarterly Review.-E.
(274) Hessians.
(275) An allusion to the seventeen thousand which had been hired
for the American service, by treaties entered into the preceding
year with the Landgravine of Hesse Cassel, the Duke of Brunswick,
and the Hereditary Prince of Hesse Cassel.-E.
(276) A party of French nobility then in England, who were to
have made a visit at Parkplace.
Letter 123 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(277)
Strawberry Hill, July 13, 1777. (page 169)
You have perhaps, Sir, paid too much regard to the observations I
took the liberty to make, by your order, to a few passages in
"Vitellia," and I must hope they were in consequence of your own
judgment too. I do not doubt of its success on the stage, if
well acted but I confess I would answer for nothing with the
present set of actors, who are not capable in tragedy of doing
any justice to it. Mrs. Barry seems to me very unequal to the
principal part, to which Mrs. Yates alone is suited. Were I the
author, I should be very sorry to have my tragedy murdered,
perhaps miscarry. Your reputation is established; you will never
forfeit it yourself-and to give your works to unworthy performers
is like sacrificing a daughter to a husband of bad character. As
to my offering it to Mr. Colman, I could merely be the messenger.
I am scarce known to him, have no right to ask a favour of him,
and I hope you know me enough to think that I am too conscious of
my own insignificance and private situation to give myself an air
of protection, and more particularly to a work of yours, Sir.
What could I say, that would carry greater weight, than "This
piece is by the author of Braganza?"(278)
A tragedy can never suffer by delay: a comedy may, because the
allusions or the manners represented in it maybe temporary. I
urge this, not to dissuade your presenting Vitellia to the stage,
but to console you if both theatres should be engaged next
winter. My own interests, from my time of life, would make me
with reason more impatient than you to see it represented, but I
am jealous of the honour Of your poetry, and I should grieve to
see Vitellia, at Covent-garden not that, except Mrs. Yates, I
have any partiality to the tragic actors at Drury-lane, though
Smith did not miscarry in Braganza-but I speak from experience.
I attended "Caractacus" last winter, and was greatly interested,
both from my friendship for Mr. Mason and from the excellence of
the poetry. I was out of all patience; for though a young Lewis
played a subordinate part very well, and Mrs. Hartley looked her
part charmingly, the Druids were so massacred and Caractacus so
much worse, that I never saw a more barbarous exhibition.
Instead of hurrying "The Law of Lombardy,"(279) which, however, I
shall delight to see finished, I again wish you to try comedy.
To my great astonishment there were more parts performed
admirably in "The School for Scandal,"(280) than I almost ever
saw in any play. Mrs. Abington was equal to the first of her
profession, Yates, the husband, Parsons, Miss Pope, and Palmer,
all shone. It seemed a marvellous resurrection of the stage.
Indeed, the play had as much merit as the actors. I have seen no
comedy that comes near it since the "Provoked Husband."
I said I was Jealous of your fame as a poet, and I truly am. The
more rapid your genius is, labour will but the more improve it.
I am very frank, but I am sure that my attention to your
reputation will excuse it. Your facility in writing exquisite
poetry may be a disadvantage; as it may not leave you time to
study the other requisites of tragedy so much as is necessary.
Your writings deserve to last for ages; but to make any work
last, it must be finished in all parts to perfection. You have
the first requisite to that perfection, for you can sacrifice
charming lines, when they do not tend to improve the whole. I
admire this resignation so much, that I wish to turn it to your
advantage. Strike out your sketches as suddenly as you please,
but retouch and retouch them, that the best judges may for ever
admire them. The works that have stood the test of ages, and
been slowly approved at first, are not those that have dazzled
contemporaries and borne away their applause, but those whose
intrinsic and laboured merit have shone the brighter on
examination. I would not curb your genius, Sir, if I did not
trust it would recoil with greater force for having obstacles
presented to it.
You will forgive my not having sent you the "Thoughts on Comedy,"
(281) as I promised, I have had no time to look them over and put
them into shape. I have been and am involved in most unpleasant
affairs of family, that take up my whole thoughts and attention.
The melancholy situation of my nephew Lord Orford, engages me
particularly, and I am not young enough to excuse postponing
business and duties for amusement. In truth, I am really too old
not to have given up literary pleasures. Nobody will tell one
when one grows dull, but one's time of life ought to tell it one.
I long ago determined to keep the archbishop in Gil Blas in my
eye. when I should advance to his caducity; but as dotage steals
in at more doors than one, perhaps the sermon I have been
preaching to you is a symptom of it. You must judge of that,
Sir. If I fancy I have been wise, and have only been peevish,
throw my lecture into the fire. I am sure the liberties I have
taken with you deserve no indulgence, if you do not discern true
friendship at the bottom of them.
(277) Now first printed.
Robert Jephson, Esq. was born in Ireland in 1736. He attained
the rank of captain in the 73d regiment, and when it was reduced
at the peace of 1763, he retired on half-pay, and procured,
through the influence of Mr. Gerard Hamilton, a Pension on the
Irish establishment. Besides several tragedies, he wrote the
farce of "Two Strings to your Bow," and "Roman Portraits," a
poem. Hardy, in his Memoirs of Lord Charlemont, says, "he was
much caressed 'and sought after by several of the first societies
in Dublin, as he possess'd much wit and pleasantry, and, when not
overcome by the spleen, was extremely amusing and entertaining."
He was a member of the Irish House of Commons, and died in 1803.
Walpole's "Thoughts on Tragedy" had been addressed, in 1775, to
this gentleman.-E.
(278) "Braganza" came out at Drury-lane theatre in 1775, and was
very successful. Walpole supplied the epilogue.-E.
(279) "The Law of Lombardy" was brought out at Drury-lane in
1779, but was only acted nine nights.-E.
(280) Sheridan's "School for Scandal" was first performed at
Drury-lane on the 8th of May, 1777.
(281) Walpole's "Thoughts on Comedy" were written in 1775 and
1776, and will be found in his Works.-E.
Letter 124 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, August 31, 1777. (page 171)
You are very kind, dear Sir, in giving me an account of your
health and occupations, and inquiring after mine. I am very
sorry you are not as free from gout, as I have been ever since
February; but I trust it will only keep you from other
complaints, and never prevent your amusing yourself, which you
are one of those few happy beings that can always do; and your
temper is so good, and your mind so naturally philosophic,
composed, and contented, that you neither want the world, care
about it, nor are affected by any thing that occurs in it. This
is true wisdom, but wisdom which nothing can give but
constitution. Detached amusements have always made a great part
of my own delight, and have sown my life with some of its best
moments. My intention was, that they should be the employments
of my latter years, but fate seems to have chalked out a very
different scene for me! The misfortune of my nephew has involved
me in business, and consequently care, and opens a scene of
disputes, with which I shall not molest your tranquillity.
The dangerous situation in which his Royal Highness the Duke of
Gloucester has been, and out of which I doubt he is scarce yet
emerged, though better, has added more thorns to my uneasy mind.
The Duchess's daughters are at Hampton-court, and partly under my
care. In one word, my whole summer has been engrossed by duties,
which has confined me at home, without indulging myself in a
single pursuit to my taste.
In short, as I have told you before, I often wish myself a monk
at Cambridge. Writers on government condemn, very properly, a
recluse life, as contrary to Nature's interest, who loves
procreation; but as Nature seems not very desirous that we should
procreate to threescore years and ten, I think convents very
suitable retreats for those whom our Alma Mater does not
emphatically call to her Opus Magnum. And though, to be sure,
gray hairs are fittest to conduct state affairs, yet as the
Rehoboams of the world (Louis XVI. excepted) do not always trust
the rudder of government to ancient hands, old gentlemen,
methinks, are very ill placed [when not at the council-board] any
where but in a cloister. As I have no more vocation to the
ministry than to carrying on my family, I sigh after a dormitory;
and as in six weeks my clock will strike sixty, I wish I had
nothing more to do with the world. I am not tired of living,
but-what signifies sketching visions? One must take one's lot as
it comes; bitter and sweet"are poured into every cup. To-morrow
may be pleasanter than to-day. Nothing lasts of one colour. One
must embrace the cloister, or take the chances of the world as
they present themselves; and since uninterrupted happiness would
but embitter the certainty that even that must end, rubs and
crosses should be softened by the same consideration. I am not
so busied, but I shall be very glad of a sight of your
manuscript, and will return it carefully. I will thank you, too,
for the print of Mr. Jenyns, which I have not, nor have seen.'
Adieu! Yours most cordially.
Letter 125 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 16, 1777. (page 172)
I have received your volume safely, dear Sir, and hasten to thank
you before I have read a page, that you may be in no pain about
its arrival. I will return it with the greatest care as soon as
I have finished it, and at the same time will send Mr. Essex the
bills, as I beg you will let him know. I have no less reason for
writing immediately, to thank you for the great confidence you
place in me. You talk of nonsense; alas! what are all our
opinions else? if we search for truth before we fix our
principles, what do we find but doubt? And which of us begins
the search a tabula rasa? Nay, where can we hunt but in volumes
of error or purposed delusion? Have not we, too, a bias in our
Minds--our passions? They will turn the scale in favour of the
doctrines most agreeable to them. Yet let us be a little vain:
you and I differ radically in our principles, and yet in forty
years they have never cast a gloom over our friendship. We could
give the world a reason that it would not like. We have both
been sincere, have both been consistent, and neither adopted our
principles nor have varied them for our interest.
Your labour, as far as I am acquainted with it, astonishes me: it
shows what can be achieved by a man that does not lose a moment;
and, which is still better, how happy the man is who can always
employ himself I do not believe that the proud prelate, who would
not make you a little happier, is half so much to be envied.
Thank you for the print of Soame Jenyns: it is a proof of Sir
Joshua's art, who could give a strong resemblance of so uncouth a
countenance without leaving it disagreeable.
The Duke of Gloucester is miraculously revived. For two whole
days I doubted whether he was not dead. I hope fatalists and
omenmongers will be confuted; and thus, as his grandfather broke
the charm of the second of the name being an unfortunate prince,
the Duke will baffle that, which has made the title of Gloucester
unpropitious. Adieu!
Letter 126 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Tuesday evening, Sept. 16, 1777. (page 173)
I have got a delightful plaything, if I had time for play. It is
a new sort of camera-obscura(282) for drawing the portraits of
persons, or prospects, or insides of rooms, and does not depend
on the sun or any thing. The misfortune is, that there is a vast
deal of machinery and putting together, and I am the worst person
living for managing it. You know I am impenetrably dull in every
thing that requires a grain of common sense. The inventor is to
come to me on Friday, and try if he can make me remember my right
hand from my left. I could as soon have invented my machine as
manage it; yet it has cost me ten guineas, and may cost me as
much more as I please for improving it. u will conclude it was
the dearness tempted me. I believe I must keep an astronomer,
like Mr. Beauclerk, to help me play with my rattle. The
inventor, who seems very modest and simple, but I conclude an
able flatterer, was in love with my house, and vowed nothing ever
suited his camera so well. To be sure, the painted windows and
the prospects, and the Gothic chimneys, etc. etc. were the
delights of one's eyes, when no bigger than a silver penny. You
would know how to manage it, as if you had never done any thing
else. Had not you better come and see it? You will learn how to
conduct it, with the pleasure of correcting my awkwardness and
unlearnability. Sir Joshua Reynolds and West have each got one;
and the Duke of Northumberland is so charmed with the invention,
that I dare say he can talk upon and explain it till I should
understand ten times less of the matter than I do. Remember,
neither Lady Ailesbury, nor you, nor Mrs. Damer, have seen my new
divine closet, nor the billiard-sticks with which the Countess of
Pembroke And Arcadia used to play with her brother Sir Philip;
nor the portrait of la belle Jennings in the state bedchamber. I
go to town this day s'ennight for a day or two; and as, to be
sure, Mount Edgecumbe has put you out of humour with Park-place,
you may deign to leave it for a moment. I never did see
Cotchel,(283) and am sorry. Is not the old wardrobe there still?
There was one from the time of Cain; but Adam's breeches and
Eve's under-petticoat were eaten by a goat in the ark.
Good-night!
(282) The machine called a Delineator.
(283) The old residence of the family of Edgecumbe, twelve miles
distant from Mount Edgecumbe.
Letter 127 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 22, 1777. (page 173)
I return YOU Your manuscript, dear Sir, with a thousand thanks,
and shall be impatient to hear that you receive it safe. It has
amused me much, and I admire Mr. Baker(284) for having been able
to show so much sense on so dry a subject. I wish, as you say
you have materials for it, that you would write his life. He
deserved it much more than most of those he has recorded. His
book on the Deficiencies of Learning is most excellent, and far
too little known. I admire his moderation, too, which was
extraordinary in a man who had suffered so much for his
principles. Yet they warped even him, for he rejects Bishop
Burnet's character of Bishop Gunning in p. 200, and yet in the
very next page gives the same character of him. Burnet's words
are, "he had a great confusion of things in his head, but could
bring nothing into method:" pray compare this with p. 201. I see
nothing in which they differ, except that Mr. Burnet does not
talk so much of his comeliness as Mr. Baker.
I Shall not commend your moderation, when you excuse such a man
as Bishop Watson. Nor ought you to be angry with Burnet, but
with the witnesses on whose evidence Watson was convicted. To
tell you the truth, I am glad when such faults are found with
Burnet; for it shows his enemies are not angry at his telling
falsehoods, but the truth. Must not an historian say a bishop
was convicted Of Simony, if he was? I will tell you what was
said of Burnet's History, by one whose testimony you yourself
would not dispute--at least you would not in any thing else.
That confessor said, "Damn him, he has told a great deal of
truth, but where the devil did he learn it?" This was St.
Atterbury's testimony.
I shall take the liberty of reproving you, too, dear Sir, for
defending that abominable murderess Queen Christina--and how can
you doubt her conversation with Burnet? you must know there are
a thousand evidences of her laughing at the religion she
embraced. If you approve her, I will allow YOU to Condemn Lord
Russel and Algernon Sidney. Well, as we shall never have the
same heroes, we Will not dispute about them, nor shall I find
fault when you have given me so much entertainment: it would be
very Ungrateful, and I have a thousand obligations to you, and
want to have more. I want to see more of your manuscripts: they
are full of curiosities, and I love some of your heroes, too: I
honour Bishop Fisher, and love Mr. Baker. If I might choose, I
should like to see your account of the persons educated at
King's-but as you may have objections, I insist, if you have,
that you make me no word of answer. It is, perhaps, impertinent
to ask it, and silence will lay neither of us under any
difficulty. I have no right to make such a request, nor do now,
but on the foot of its proving totally indifferent to you. You
will make me blame
myself, if it should a moment distress you; and I am sure you are
too good-natured to put me out of humour with myself, which your
making no answer would not do.
I enclose my bills for Mr. Essex, and will trouble you to send
them to him. I again thank you, and trust you will be as
friendly free with me, as I have been with you: you know I am a
brother monk in every thing but religious and political opinions.
I only laugh at the thirty' nine articles: but abhor Calvin as
much as I do the Queen of Sweden, for he was as thorough an
assassin. Yours ever.
P. S. As I have a great mind, and, indeed, ought, when I require
it, to show moderation, and when I have not, ought to confess it,
which I do, for I Own I am not moderate on certain points; if you
are busy yourself and will send me the materials, I will draw up
the life 4 Mr. Baker; and, if you are not content with it, you
shall burn it in Smithfield. In good truth, I revere
conscientious martyrs, of all sects, communions, and parties--I
heartily pity them, if they are weak men. When they are as
sensible as Mr. Baker, I doubt my own understanding more than
his. I know I have not his virtues, but should delight in doing
justice to them; and, perhaps, from a man of a different party
the testimony would be more to his honour. I do not call myself
of different principles; because a man that thinks himself bound
by his oath, can be a man of no principle if he violates it. I
do not mean to deny that many men might think King James's breach
of his oath a dispensation from theirs; but, if they did not
think so, or did not think their duty to their country obliged
them to renounce their King, I should never defend those who took
the new oaths from interest.
(284) Thomas Baker, the learned author of "Reflections on
Learning, wherein is shown the insufficiency thereof in its
several particulars, in order to evince the usefulness and
necessity Of Revelation;" a work which has gone through numerous
editions, and /was at one time one of the most popular books in
the language, He was born at Durham in 1656, and died in the
office of commoner master of st. John's College, Cambridge, in
July 1740.-E.
Letter 128 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(285)
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 1, 1777. (page 175)
To confer favours, Sir, is certainly not giving trouble: and had
I the most constant occupation, I should contrive to find moments
for reading your works. I have passed a most melancholy summer,
from different distresses in my family; and though my nephew's
situation and other avocations prevent my having but very little
time for literary amusements, I did not mean to debar myself of
the pleasure of hearing from my friends. Unfortunately, at
present, it is impossible for me to profit of your kindness; not
from my own business, but from the absence of Mr. Garrick. He is
gone into Staffirdshire to marry a nephew, and thence will pass
into Wales to superintend a play that is to be acted at Sir
Watkin Williams's. I am even afraid I shall not be the first
apprised of his return, as I possibly may remove to town in
expectation of the Duchess of Gloucester,' before he is at home
again. I shall not neglect my own satisfaction; but mention this
circumstance, that you may not suspect me of inattention, if I
should not get sight of your tragedy so soon as I wish. I am,
Sir, with great regard.
(285) Now first printed.
Letter 129 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Oct. 5, 1777. (page 176)
You are so exceedingly good, I shall assuredly accept your
proposal in the fullest sense, and to ensure Mrs. Damer, beg I
may expect you on Saturday next the 11th. If Lord and Lady
william Campbell will do me the honour of accompanying YOU, I
shall be most happy to see them, and expect Miss Caroline.(286)
Let me know about them that the state bedchamber may be aired.
My difficulties about removing from home arise from the
consciousness of my own weakness. I make it a rule, as much as I
can, to conform wherever I go. Though I am threescore to-day, I
should not think that an age for giving every thing up; but it
is, for whatever one has not strength to perform. You, though
not a vast deal younger, are as healthy and strong, thank God! as
ever you was: and you cannot have ideas of the mortification of
being stared at by strangers and servants, when one hobbles, or
cannot do as others do. I delight in being with you, and the
Richmonds, and those I love and know; but the crowds of young
people, and Chichester folks, and officers, and strange servants,
make me afraid of Goodwood, I own My spirits are never low; but
they seldom will last out the whole day; and though I dare to say
I appear to many capricious, and different from the rest of the
world, there is more reason in my behaviour than there seems.
You know in London I seldom stir out in a morning, and always
late; it is because I want a great deal of rest. Exercise never
did agree with me: and it is hard if I do not know myself by this
time; and what has done so well for me will probably suit me best
for the rest of my life. It would be ridiculous to talk so much
of myself, and to enter into such trifling details, but you are
the person in the world that I wish to convince that I do not act
merely from humour or ill-humour; though I confess at the same
time that I want your bonhommie, and have a disposition not to
care at all for people that I do not absolutely like. I could
say a great deal more on this head, but it is not proper; though,
when one has pretty much done with the world, I think with Lady
Blandford, that One may indulge one's self in one's own whims and
partialities in one's own house. I do not mean, still less to
profess, retirement, because it is less ridiculous to go on with
the world to the last, than to return to it; but in a quiet way
it has long been my purpose to drop a great deal of it. Of all
things I am farthest from not intending to come often to
Park-place, whenever you have little company; and I had rather be
with you, in November than July, because I am so totally unable
to walk farther than a snail. I will never say any more on these
subjects, because there may be as much affectation in being over
old, as folly in being over young. My idea of age is, that one
has nothing really to do but what one ought, and what is
reasonable. All affectations are pretensions; and pretending to
be any thing one is not, cannot deceive when one is known, as
every body must be That has lived long. I do not mean that old
folks may not have pleasures if they can; but then I think those
pleasures are confined to being comfortable, and to enjoying the
few friends one has not outlived. I am so fair as to own, that
one's duties are not pleasures. I have given up a great deal of
my time to nephews and nieces, even to some I can have little
affection for. I do love my nieces, nay like them; but people
above forty years younger are certainly not the society I should
seek. They can only think and talk of what is, or is to come; I
certainly am more disposed to think and talk of what is past: and
the obligation of passing the end of a long life in sets of
totally new company is more irksome to me than passing a great
deal of my time, as I do, quite alone. Family love and pride
make me interest myself about the young people of my own
family-for the whole rest of the Young world, they are as
indifferent to me as puppets or black children. This is my
creed, and a key to my whole conduct, and the more likely to
remain my creed, as I think it is raisonn`e. If I could paint my
Opinions instead of writing them I don't know whether it would
not make a new sort of alphabet-I should use different colours
for different affections at different ages. When I speak of
love, affection, friendship, taste, liking, I should draw them
rose colour, carmine, blue, green, yellow, for my contemporaries:
for new comers, the first would be of no colour; the others,
purple, brown, crimson, and changeable. Remember, one tells
one's creed only to one's confessor, that is sub sigillo. I
write to you as I think; to others as I must. Adieu!
(286) Miss Caroline Campbell, eldest daughter of Lord William
Campbell.
Letter 130 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(287)
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 17, 1777. (page 177)
Mr. Garrick returned but two days ago, Sir, and I did not receive
your tragedy(288) till this morning; so I could only read it once
very rapidly and without any proper attention to particular
passages though, even so, some struck me as very fine. You have
encouraged me rather to criticise than flatter you; and you are
in the right, for you have even profited of so weak a judgment as
mine, and always improved the passages I objected to. Indeed,
this is not quite a fair return, as it was inverting my method,
by flattering instead of finding fault with me; and a critic that
meets with submission, is apt to grow vain, and insolent, and
capricious. Still as I am persuaded that all criticisms, though
erroneous, before an author appeals to the public, are friendly,
I will fairly tell you what parts of your tragedy have struck me
as objectionable on so superficial a perusal.
In general, the language appears to me too metaphoric; especially
as used by all the characters. You seem to me to have imitated
Beaumont and Fletcher, though your play is superior to all
theirs. In truth, I think the diction is sometimes obscure from
being so figurative, especially in the first act. Will you allow
me to mention two instances?
"And craven Sloth, moulting his sleepless plumes,
Nods drowsy wonder at th' adventurous wing
That soars the shining azure o'er his head."
I own I do not understand why Sloth's plumes are sleepless; and I
think that nodding wonder, and soaring azure, are expressions too
Greek to be so close together, and too poetic for dialogue. The
other passage is--
"The wise should watch th' event on Fortune's wheel,"
and the seven following lines. The images are very fine, but
demand more attention than common audiences are capable of. In
Braganza every image is strikingly clear.
I am afraid I am not quite satisfied with the conduct of your
piece. Bireno's conduct on the attack on the princess seems too
precipitate, and not managed. It is still more incredible, that
Paladore should confess his passion to his rival; and not less
so, that a private man and a stranger should doubt the princess's
faith, when she had preferred him to his rival, a prince of the
blood and her destined husband; and that without the smallest
inquiry he should believe Bireno was admitted privately to her
apartment, when on her not rejecting him, he might have access to
her openly. One cannot conceive her meaning in offending her
father by refusing so proper a match, `and intriguing with the
very man she was to marry, and whom she had refused. Paladore's
credulity is not of a piece with the account given of his wisdom,
which had made him admitted to the king'S Counsels.
I think, when you bestow Sophia on Paladore, you forget that the
king had declared he was obliged to give his daughter to a prince
of his own blood; nor do I see any reason for Bireno's stabbing
Ascanio, who was sure of being put to death when their treachery
was discovered.
The character of the princess is very noble and well sustained.
When I said I did not conceive her meaning, I expressed myself
ill. I did not suppose she, did intrigue with Bireno; but I
meant that it was not natural Paladore should suspect she did,
since it is inconceivable that a princess should refuse her
cousin in marriage for the mere caprice of intriguing with him.
Had she managed her father, and, from the dread of his anger,
temporized about Bireno, Paladore would have had more reason to
doubt her. Would it not too be more natural for Bireno to
incense the king against Paladore than to endeavour to make the
latter jealous of Sophia? At least I think Bireno would have
more chance of Poisoning Paladore's mind, if he did not discover
to him that he knew of his passion. Forgive me, Sir but I cannot
reconcile to probability Paladore's believing that Sophia had
rejected Bireno for a husband, though it would please her father,
and yet chose to intrigue with him in defiance of so serious and
extraordinary a law. Either his credulity or his jealousy reduce
Paladore to a lover very unworthy of such a woman as Sophia. For
her sake I wish to see him more deserving of her.
You are so great a poet, Sir, that you have no occasion to labour
any thing but your plots. You can express any thing you please.
If the conduct is natural, you will not want words. Nay, I
rather fear your indulging your poetic vein too far, for your
language is sometimes sublime enough for odes, which admit the
height of enthusiasm, which Horace will not allow to tragic
writers. You could set up twenty of our tragic authors with
lines that you could afford to reject, though for no reason but
their being too fine, as in landscape-painting some parts must be
under-coloured to give the higher relief to the rest. Will you
not think me too difficult and squeamish, when I find the
language of "The Law of Lombardy" too rich?
I beg your pardon, but it is more difficult for you to please me,
than any body. I interest myself in your success and your glory.
You must be perfect in all parts, in nature, simplicity, and
character, as well as in the most charming poetry, or I shall not
be content. If I dared, I would beg you to trust me with your
plots, before you write a line. When a subject seizes you, your
impetuosity cannot breathe till you have executed your plan. You
must be curbed, as other poets want to be spurred. When your
sketch is made, you must study the characters and the audience.
It is not flattering you to say, that the least you have to do is
to write your play.
(287) Now first printed.
(288) "The Law of Lombardy;" see ant`e, p. 170, letter 123.-E.
Letter 131 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 19, 1777. (page 179)
Thank you much, dear sir, for the sight of the book, which I
return by Mr. Essex It is not new to me that Burnet paid his
court on the other side in the former part of his life* nor will
I insist that he changed On conviction, which might be said, and
generally is, for all converts, even those who shift their
principles the most glaringly from interest. Duke
Lauderdale,(289) indeed, was such a dog, that the least honest
man must have been driven to detest him, however connected with
him. I doubt Burnet could not be blind to his character, when he
wrote the dedication. In truth, I have given up many of my
saints, but not on the accusations of such wretches as
Dalrymple(290) and Macpherson;(291) nor can men, so much their
opposites, shake my faith in Lord Russel and Algernon Sidney. I
do not relinquish those that scaled their integrity with their
blood, but such as have taken thirty pieces of silver.
I was sorry you said we had any variance. We have differed in
sentiments, but not in friendship. Two men, however unlike in
principles, may be perfect friends, when both are sincere in
their opinions as we are. Much less shall we quarrel about those
of our separate parties, since very few on either side have been
so invariably consistent as you and I have been; and therefore we
are more sure of each other's integrity, than that of men whom we
know less and who did vary from themselves. As you and I are
only speculative persons, and no actors, it would be very idle to
squabble about those that do not exist. In short, we are, I
trust, in as perfect good humour with each other as we have been
these forty years.
Pray do not hurry yourself about the anecdotes of Mr. Baker, nor
neglect other occupations on that account. I shall certainly not
have time to do any thing this year. I expect the Duke and
Duchess of Gloucester in a very few days, must go to town as soon
as they arrive, and shall probably have not much idle leisure
before next summer.
It is not very discreet to look even so far forward, nor am I apt
any longer to lay distant plans. A little sedentary literary
amusement is indeed no very lofty castle in the air, if I do lay
the foundation in idea seven or eight months beforehand.
Whatever manuscripts you lend me, I shall be very grateful for.
They entertain me exceedingly, and I promise you we will not have
the shadow of an argument about them. I do not love disputation,
even with those most indifferent to me. Your pardon I most
sincerely beg for having contested a single point with you. I am
sure it was not with a grain of ill-humour towards you: on the
contrary, it was from wishing at that moment that you did not
approve though I disliked--but even that I give up as
unreasonable.
You are in the right, dear Sir, not to apply to Masters for any
papers he may have relating to Mr. Baker.(292) It is a trumpery
fellow', from whom one would rather receive a refusal than an
obligation.
I am sorry to hear Mr. Lort has the gout, and still more
concerned that you still suffer from it. Such patience and
temper as yours are the only palliatives. As the bootikins have
so much abridged and softened my fits, I do not expect their
return with the alarm and horror I used to do, and that is being
cured of one half the complaints. I had scarce any pain last
time, and did not keep my bed a day, and had no gout at all in
either foot. May not I ask you if this is not some merit in the
bootikins? To have cured me of my apprehensions is to me a vast
deal, for now the intervals do not connect the fits. You will
understand, that I mean to speak a word to you in favour of the
bootikins, for can one feel benefit, and not wish to impart it to
a suffering friend? Indeed I am yours most sincerely.
(289) John second Earl of Lauderdale, who, having distinguished
himself-by his zealous and active exertions in the royal cause
during the civil wars, was, after the restoration created in May
1672, Marquis Of March and Duke of Lauderdale, in Scotland.-E.
(290) Sir John Dalrymple, author of "Memoirs of Great Britain and
Ireland." Edinburgh, 1771-1773-1788; 3 vols. 4to.-E.
(291) James M'Pherson, the editor of Ossian, who had published a
"History of Great Britain from the Restoration in 1660 to the
Accession of the House of Hanover," 1775, 2 Vols. 4to - and also
"An Introduction to the History of Great Britain and Ireland."
London, 4to. 1771.-E.
(292) The papers which Masters possessed he himself eventually
published, in 1784, under the title of,, Memoirs of the Life and
Writings of Thomas Baker, from the Papers of Dr. Zachary Grey:
with a Catalogue of his Manuscript Collections. By R.
Masters."-E.
Letter 132 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, March 31, 1778. (page 181)
I did think it long, indeed, dear Sir, since I heard from you,
and am very sorry the gout was the cause. I hope after such long
persecution you will have less now than you apprehend. I should
not have been silent myself, had I had any thing to tell you that
you would have cared to hear.
Politics have been the only language, and abuse the only
expression of the winter, neither of which are, or deserve to be,
inmates of your peaceable hermitage. I wish, however, they may
not have grown so serious as to threaten every retreat with
intrusion! I will let you know when I am settled at
Strawberry-hill, and can look over your kind collections relating
to Mr. Baker. He certainly deserves his place in the Biographia,
but I am not surprised that you would not submit to his being
instituted and inducted by a Presbyterian. In troth, I, who have
not the same zeal against dissenters, do not at all desire to
peruse the History of their Apostles, which are generally very
uninteresting.
YOU must excuse the shortness of this, in which, too, I have been
interrupted: my nephew is as suddenly recovered as he did last
time; and, though I am far from thinking him perfectly in his
senses, a great deal of his disorder is removed, which, though it
will save me a great deal of trouble, hurries me at present, and
forces me to conclude.
Letter 133 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, April 23, 1778. (page 181)
I thank you, dear Sir, for the notice of William Le
Worcestre's(293) appearance, and will send for my book as soon as
I go to town, which will not be till next week. I have been here
since Friday as much a hermit as yourself. I wanted air and
quiet, having been much fatigued on my nephew's amendment, trying
to dissuade him from making the campaign with his militia; but in
vain! I now dread hearing of some eccentric freak. I am sorry
Mr. Tyson has quite dropped me, though he sometimes comes to
town. I am still more concerned at your frequent disorders-I
hope their chief seat is unwillingness to move.
Your Bakeriana will be very welcome about June: I shall not be
completely resident here till then, at least not have leisure, as
May is the month I have most visits from town. As few spare
hours as I have, I have contrived to go through Mr. Pennant's
Welsh Tour, and Warton's second Volume;(294) both which come
within the circle of your pursuits. I have far advanced, too, in
Lord Hardwicke's first volume of State Papers.(295) I have yet
found nothing that appears a new scene, or sets the old in a new
light; yet they are rather amusing, though not in proportion to
the bulk of the volumes. One likes to hear actors speak for
themselves; but, on the other hand, they use a great many more
words than are necessary: and when one knows the events from
history, it is a little tiresome to go back to the details and
the delays.
I should be glad to employ Mr. Essex on my offices, but the
impending war with France deters me. It is not a season for
expense! I could like to leave my little castle complete; but,
though I am only a spectator, I cannot be indifferent to the
aspect of the times, as the country gentleman was, who was going
out with his hounds as the two armies at Edge-hill were going to
engage. I wish for peace and tranquillity, and should be glad to
pass my remaining hours in the idle and retired amusements I
love, and without any solicitude for my country. Adieu!
(293) "Itineraria Symonis, Simeonis et Willelmi de Worcestre."
Cantab. 1778, 8vo.; edited by Dr. James Nasmith, who published
the excellent Catalogue of MSS, which Archbishop Parker left to
Corpus Christi College, at Cambridge.-E.
(294) Thomas Warton's "History Of English Poetry."-E.
(295) Miscellaneous State Papers, from 1501 to 1726, published by
the Earl of Hardwicke, in two volumes 4to.-E.
Letter 134 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, May 21, 1778. (page 182)
I will not flatter you: I was not in the least amused with either
Simon, Simeon, or William of Worcestre. If there was any thing
tolerable in either, it was the part omitted, or the part I did
not read, which was the Journey to Jerusalem, about which I have
not the smallest curiosity. I thank you for mentioning the
Gentleman's Magazine, which I sent for.
Mr. Essex has called upon me, and left me the drawing of a
bridge, with which I am perfectly pleased-but I was unluckily out
of town; he left no direction, and I know not where to seek him
in this overgrown bottle of hay. I still hope he will call again
before his return.
May not I, should not I, wish you joy on the restoration of
popery?(296) I expect soon to see Capuchins tramping about, and
Jesuits in high places. We are relapsing fast to our pristine
state, and have nothing but our island, and our old religion.
Mr. Nasmith's publication directed me to the MSS. in Benet
Library, which I did not know was printed. I found two or three
from which I should be glad to have transcripts, and would
willingly pay for; but I left the book at Strawberry, and must
trouble you another time with that commission.
The city wants to bury Lord Chatham(297) in St. Paul's; which, as
a person said to me this morning, would literally be "robbing
Peter to pay Paul." I wish it could be so, that there might be
some decoration in that nudity, en attendant the re-establishment
of various altars. It is not my design to purchase the new
edition of the Biographia; I trust they will give the old
purchasers the additions as a supplement. I had corrected the
errata of the press, throughout my copy, but I could not take the
trouble of transcribing them, nor could lend them the originals,
as I am apt to scribble notes in the margins of all my books that
interest me at all. Pray let me know if Baker's Life is among
the additions, and whether you are satisfied with it, as there
could not be events enough in his retired life to justify two
accounts of it.
There are no new old news, and you care for nothing Within the
memory of man. I am always intending to draw up an account of my
intercourse with Chatterton, which I take very kindly you remind
me of, but some avocation or other has still prevented it. My
perfect innocence of having indirectly been an ingredient in his
dismal fate, which happened two years after our correspondence,
and after he had exhausted both his resources and his
constitution, have made it more easy to prove that I never saw
him, knew nothing of his ever being in London, and was the first
person, instead of the last, on whom he had practised his
impositions, and founded his chimeric hopes of promotion. My
very first, or at least second letter, undeceived him in those
views, and our correspondence(298) was broken off before he
quitted his aster's business at Bristol-so that his
disappointment with me was but his first ill success; and he
resented my incredulity so much, that he never condescended to
let me see him. Indeed, what I have said now to you, and which
cannot be controverted by a shadow of a doubt, would be
sufficient vindication. I could only add to the proofs, a vain
regret of never having known his distresses, which his amazing
genius would have tempted me to relieve, though I fear he had no
other claim to compassion. Mr. Warton has said enough to open
the eyes of every one who is not greatly prejudiced to his
forgeries. Dr. Milles is one who will not make a bow to Dr.
Percy for not being as wilfully blind as himself-but when he gets
a beam in his eye that he takes for an antique truth, there is no
persuading him to submit to be coached. Adieu!
(296) Walpole alludes to the bill for the Relief of the Roman
Catholics which released their priests from prosecution, and
allowed members of that religion to purchase lands and take them
by descent. It passed both houses without opposition.-E.
(297) The Earl of Chatham died on the 10th Of May 1778. His
remains were honoured with a public funeral in Westminster Abbey,
his debts were paid by the nation, and an annuity of four
thousand pounds settled upon the earldom of Chatham.-E.
(298) Walpole's correspondence with Chatterton took place in
March and April 1769. The death Of the young poet happened in
August 1770, in consequence of a dose Of arsenic, at his lodgings
in Brook-street, Holborn.-E.
Letter 135 To The Rev. William Mason.
[1778.)(299) (page 184)
The purport of Dr. Robertson's visit was to inquire where he
could find materials for the reigns of King William and Queen
Anne, which he means to write as a supplement to David Hume. I
had heard of his purpose, but did not own I knew it, that my
discouragement might seem the more natural. I do not care a
straw what he writes about the church's wet-nurse, Goody Anne;
but no Scot is worthy of being the historian of William, but Dr.
Watson.(300) When he had told me his object, I said, "Write the
reign of King William, Dr. Robertson! That is a great task! I
look on him as the greatest man of modern times since his
ancestor William Prince of Orange." I soon found the Doctor had
very little idea of him, or had taken upon trust the pitiful
partialities of Dalrymple and Macpherson. I said, "Sir, I do not
doubt but that King William came over with a view to the crown.
Nor was he called upon by patriotism, for he was not an
Englishman to assert our liberties. No; his patriotism was of a
higher rank. He aimed not at the crown of England from ambition,
but to employ its forces and wealth against Louis XIV. for the
common cause of the liberties of Europe. The Whigs did not
understand the extent of his views, and the Tories betrayed him.
He has been thought not to have understood us; but the truth was,
he took either party as it was predominant, that he might sway
the Parliament to support his general plan." The Doctor,
suspecting that I doubted his principles being enlarged enough to
do justice to so great a character, told me he himself had been
born and bred a Whig, though he owned he was not a moderate one-
-I believe, a very moderate one. I said Macpherson had done
great injustice to another hero, the Duke of Marlborough, whom he
accuses of betraying the design on Brest to Louis XIV. The truth
was, as I heard often in my youth from my father, my uncle, and
old persons who had lived in those times, that the Duke trusted
the Duchess with the secret, and she her sister the popish
Duchess of Tyrconnel, who was as poor and as bigoted as a church
mouse. A corroboration of this was the wise and sententious
answer of King William to the Duke, whom he taxed with having
betrayed the secret. "upon my honour, Sir," said the Duke, "I
told it to nobody but my wife." "I did not tell it to mine!"
said the King.
I added, that Macpherson's and Dalrymple's invidious scandals
really serve but to heighten the amazing greatness of the King's
genius; for, if they
say true, he maintained the crown on his head though the
nobility, the churchmen, the country gentlemen, the people were
against him; and though almost all his own ministers betrayed
him--"But," said I, "nothing is so silly as to suppose that the
Duke -of Marlborough and Lord Godolphin ever meant seriously to
restore King James. Both had offended him too much to
expect forgiveness, especially from so remorseless a nature. Yet
a re-revolution was so probable, that it is no wonder they kept
up a correspondence with him, at least to break their fall if he
returned. But as they never did effectuate the least service in
his favour, when they had the fullest power, nothing can be
inferred but King James's folly in continuing to lean on them.
To imagine they meant to sacrifice his weak daughter, whom they
governed absolutely, to a man who was sure of being governed-by
others, one must have as little sense as James himself had."
The precise truth I take to have been this. Marlborough and
Godolphin both knew the meanness and credulity of James's
character. They knew that he must be ever dealing for partisans;
and they might be sure, that if he could hope for support from
the General and the Lord-treasurer he must be less solicitous for
more impotent supporters. "Is it impossible," said I to the
Doctor, "but they might correspond with the King even by Anne's
own consent? Do not be surprised, Sir," said I: "such things have
happened. My own father often received letters from the
Pretender, which he always carried to George II and had them
endorsed by his Majesty- I myself have seen them countersigned by
the King's own hand."
In short,. I endeavoured to impress him with Proper ideas of his
subject, and painted to him the difficulties., and the want of
materials. But- the booksellers will out-argue me, and the
Doctor will forget his education--Panem et Circenses, if you will
allow me to use the latter for those that are captivated by
favour in the circle, will decide his writing and give the
colour. I once wished he should write the History of King
William; but his Charles V. and his America have opened my eyes,
and the times have shut his.(301) Adieu!
(299) This letter, which is without date, was most probably
written in April or May 1778; at which time Dr. Robertson was in
London.-E.
(300) Dr. Watson's History of the Reign of philip II. of Spain
was published, in two quarto volumes, in 1777.-E.
(301) By the life of Dr. Robertson, in Chamvers's Scottish
Biography, it will be seen, that several persons suggested to him
a History of Great Britain from the Revolution to the
accession of the House of Hanover; and it appears, from a letter
to Dr. Waddilour, Dean of Rippon, written in July of this year,
that he had made up his mind to encounter the responsibility of
the task, but abandoned it, in consequence of a correspondence
with his friend, Mr. James Macpherson, had, three years
before, published a history of the same reigns.-E.
Letter 136 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 3, 1778. (page 186)
I will not dispute with you, dear Sir, on patriots and politics.
One point is Past controversy, that the ministers have ruined
this country; and if the church of England is satisfied with
being reconciled with the church of Rome, and thinks it a
compensation for the loss of America and all credit in Europe,
she is as silly an old woman as any granny in an almshouse.
France is very glad we are grown such fools, and soon saw that
the Presbyterian Dr. Franklin(302) had more sense than our
ministers together. She has got over all her prejudices, has
expelled the Jesuits, and made the Protestant Swiss, Necker, her
comptroller-general. It is a little woful, that we are relapsing
into the nonsense the rest of Europe is shaking off! and it is
more deplorable, as we know by repeated experience, that this
country has always been disgraced by Tory administrations. The
rubric is the only gainer by them in a few martyrs.
I do not know yet what is settled about the spot of Lord
Chatham's interment. I am not more an enthusiast to his memory
than you. I knew his faults and his defects-yet one fact Cannot
Only not be controverted, but I doubt more remarkable every day--
I mean, that under him we attained not only our highest
elevation, but the most solid authority in Europe. When the
names of Marlborough and Chatham are still pronounced with awe in
France, our little cavils make a puny sound. Nations that are
beaten cannot be mistaken.
I have been looking out for your friend a set of my heads of
painters, and I find I want six or seven. I think I have some
odd ones in town; if I have not, I will have deficiencies
supplied from the plates, though I fear they will not be good, as
so many have been taken off. I should be very ungrateful for all
your kindnesses, if I neglected any opportunity of obliging you,
dear Sir. Indeed, our old
and unalterable friendship is creditable to us both, and very
uncommon between two persons who differ so much in their opinions
relative to church and state. I believe the reason is, that we
are both sincere, and never meant to take advantage of our
principles; which I allow is too common on both sides, and I own,
too, fairly more common on my side of the question than on yours.
There is a reason, too, for that; the honours and emoluments are
in the gift of the crown: the nation has no separate treasury to
reward its friends.
If Mr. Tyrwhit(303) has opened his eyes to Chatterton's
forgeries, there is an instance of conviction against strong
prejudice! I have drawn up an account of my transaction with
that marvellous young man; you shall see it one day or other, but
I do not intend to print it.(304) I have taken a thorough
dislike to being an author; and if it would not look like begging
you to Compliment me, by contradicting me, I would tell you, what
I am most seriously convinced of, that I find what small share of
parts I had, grown dulled--and when I perceive it myself, I may
well believe that others would not be less sharpsighted. It is
very natural; mine were spirits rather than parts; and as time
has abated the one, it must surely destroy their resemblance to
the other: pray don't say a syllable in reply on this head, or I
shall have done exactly what I said I would not do. Besides, as
you have always been too partial to me, I am on my guard, and
when I will not expose myself to my enemies, I must not listen to
the prejudices of my friends; and as nobody is more partial to me
than you, there is nobody I must trust less in that respect.
Yours most sincerely.
(302) Dr. Benjamin Franklin and Silas Deane were publicly
received at the court of France, as ambassadors from America in
the preceding March-.E.
(303) Mr. Tyrwhit, the learned editor of Chaucer's Canterbury
Tales, considered one of the best edited books in the English
language, had, on the appearance of the Rowley Poems, believed
them genuine; but being afterwards convinced of the contrary, he
did not hesitate to avow his conviction.-E.
(304) It was entitled "A Letter to the Editor of the Miscellanies
of Thomas Chatterton," and will be found in the edition of
Walpole's works.-E.
Letter 137 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 10, 1778. (page 187)
I am as impatient and in as much hurry as you was, dear Sir, to
clear myself from the slightest intention of censuring your
politics. I know the sincerity and disinterested goodness of
your heart, and when I must be convinced how little certain we
are all of what is truth, it would be very presumptuous to
condemn the opinions of any good man, and still less an old and
unalterable friend, as I have ever found 'You, The destruction
that violent arbitrary principles have drawn on this blinded
country has moved my indignation. We never were a great and
happy country till the Revolution. The system of these days
tended to overturn, and has overturned, that establishment, and
brought on the disgraces that ever attended the foolish and
wicked Councils of the house of Stuart. If man is a rational
being, he has a right to make use of his reason, and to enjoy his
liberty. We, we alone almost had a constitution that every other
nation upon earth envied or ought to envy. This is all I contend
for. I will give you up whatever descriptions of men you please;
that is, the leaders of parties, not the principles. These
cannot change, those generally do, when power falls into the
hands of them or their party, because men are corruptible, which
truth is not. But the more the leaders of a party dedicated to
liberty are apt to change, the more I adore the principle,
because it shows that extent of power is not to be trusted even,
with those that are the most sensible of the value of liberty.
Man is a domineering animal; and it has not only been my
principle. but my practice, too. to quit every body at the gate
of the palace. I trust we shall not much differ on these
outlines, but we will bid adieu to the subject. It is never an
agreeable one to those who do not mean to make a trade of it.
I heartily wish you may not find the pontiff what I think the
order, and what I know him, if you mean the high priest of
Ely.(305) He is all I have been describing and worse; and I have
too good an opinion of you, to believe that he will ever serve
you.
What I said of disclaiming authorship by no means alluded to Mr.
Baker's life. It would be enough that you desire it, for me to
undertake it. Indeed, I am inclined to it because he was what
you and I are, a party-man from principle, not from interest: and
he, who was so candid, surely is entitled to the strictest
candour. You shall send me your papers whenever you please. If
I can succeed to your satisfaction, I shall be content: though I
assure you there was no affectation in my saying that I find my
small talent decline. I shall write the life to oblige you,
without any thoughts of publication, unless I am better pleased
than I expect to be, and even then not in my own life. I had
rather show that I am sensible of my own defects, and that I have
judgment enough not to hope praise for my writings: for surely
when they are not obnoxious, and one only leaves them behind one,
it is a mark that one is not very vain of them.
I have found the whole set of my Painters, and will send them the
first time I go to town: and I will have my papers on Chatterton
transcribed for you, though I am much chagrined at your giving me
no hope of seeing you again here. I will not say more of it;
for, while it is in my power, I will certainly make you a visit
now and then, if there is no other way of our meeting Mr.
Tyrwhit, I hear, has actually published an Appendix, in which he
gives up Mr. Rowley. I have not seen it, but will. Shall I beg
you to transcribe the passage in which Dr. Kippis abuses my
father and Me;(306) for I shall not buy the new edition, only to
purchase abuse on me and mine: I may be angry with liberties he
takes with Sir Robert, but not with myself; I shall rather take
it as a flattery to be ranked with him; though there can be
nothing worse said of my father than to place us together. Oh!
that great, that good man! Dr. Kippis may as well throw a stone
at the sun.
I am sorry you have lost poor Mr. Bentham. Will you say a civil
thing for me to his widow, if she is living, and you think it not
improper? I have not forgotten their kindness to me. Pray send
me your papers on Mr. Prior's generosity to Mr. Baker.(307) I am
sorry it was not so. Prior is much a favourite with me, though a
Tory, nor did I ever hear any thing ill of him. He left his
party, but not his friends, and seems to me to have been very
amiable. Do you know I pretend to be very impartial sometimes.
Mr. Hollis(308) wrote against me for not being Whig enough. I am
offended with Mrs. Macaulay(309) for being too much a Whig. In
short, we are all silly animals, and scarce ever more so than
when we affect sense. Yours ever.
(305) Dr. Edmund Keene-E.
(306) See ant`e, p. 155, letter 108.
(307) The Biograpbia Britannica had asserted, that Prior ceded to
Mr. Baker the profits of his fellowship after his expulsion.-E.
(308) Thomas Hollis, Esq. the editor of Toland's Life of Milton;
Algernon Sidney's Discourses on Government; Algernon Sidney's
Works, etc. He died in 1774.-E.
(309) The celebrated Catherine Macaulay, well known by her
"History of England."-E.
Letter 138 To The Countess Of Ailesbury.
Strawberry Hill, June 25, 1778. (page 189)
I am quite astonished, Madam, at not hearing of Mr. Conway's
being returned! What is he doing? Is he revolting and setting
up for himself, like our nabobs in India? or is he forming
Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, and Sark, into the united provinces
in the compass of a silver penny? I should not wonder if this
was to be the fate of our distracted empire, which we seem to
have made so large, only that it might afford to split into
separate kingdoms. I told Mr. C. I should not write any more,
concluding he would not stay a twinkling; and your ladyship's
last encouraged my expecting him. In truth, I had nothing to
tell him if he had written.
I have been in town but one single night this age, as I could not
bear to throw away this phoenix June. It has rained a good deal
this morning, but only made it more delightful. The flowers are
all Arabian. I have found but One inconvenience, which is the
hosts of cuckoos: one would not think one was in Doctors'
Commons. It is very disagreeable, that the nightingales should
sing but half a dozen songs, and the other beasts squall for two
months together.
Poor Mrs. Clive has been robbed again in her own lane, as she was
last year, and has got the jaundice, she thinks, with the fright.
I don't make a visit without a blunderbuss; so one might as well
be invaded by the French. Though I live in the centre of
ministers, I do not know a syllable of politics; and though
within hearing of Lady Greenwich, who is but two miles off, I
have not a word of news to send your ladyship. I live like
Berecynthia, surrounded by nephews and nieces; yet Park-place is
full as much in my mind, and I beg for its history. I am, Madam,
etc.
Letter 139 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, July 8, 1778. (page 189)
I have had some conversation with a ministerial person, on the
subject of pacification with France; and he dropped a hint, that
as 'we should not have Much chance of a good peace, the
Opposition would make great clamour on it. I said a few words on
the duty of ministers to do what they thought right, be the
consequence what it ,Would., But as honest men do not want such
lectures, and dishonest will not let them weigh, I waived that
theme, to dwell on what is more likely to be persuasive, and
which I am firmly persuaded is no less true than the former
maxim; and that was, that the ministers are still so strong, that
if they could get a peace that would save the nation, though not
a brilliant or glorious one, the nation in general would be
pleased with it, and the clamours of the Opposition be
insignificant. I added, what I think true, too, that no time is
to be lost in treating not only for preventing a blow, but from
the consequences the first misfortune would have. The nation is
not yet alienated from the court, but it is growing so; is grown
so enough, for any calamity to have violent effects. Any
internal disturbance would advance the hostile designs of France.
An insurrection from distress would be a double invitation to
invasion; and, I am sure, much more to be dreaded, even
personally, by the ministers, than the ill-humours of Opposition
for even an inglorious peace. To do the Opposition justice, it
is not composed of incendiaries. Parliamentary speeches raise no
tumults: but tumults would be a dreadful thorough bass to
speeches. The ministers do not know the strength they have left
(supposing they apply it in time), if they are afraid of making
any peace. They were too sanguine in making war; I hope they
will not be too timid of making peace.
What do you think of an idea of mine, of offering France a
neutrality? that is, to allow her to assist both us and the
Americans. I know she would assist only them: but were it not
better to connive at her assisting them, without attacking us,
than her doing both? A treaty with her would perhaps be followed
by one with America. We are sacrificing all the essentials we
can recover, for a few words and risking the independence of this
country, for the nominal supremacy over America. France seems to
leave us time for treating. She made no scruple of begging peace
of us in '63, that she might lie by and recover her advantages.
Was not that a wise precedent? Does not she now show that it was?
Is not policy the honour of nations? I mean, not morally, but
has Europe left itself any other honour? And since it has really
left itself no honour, and as little morality, does not the
morality of a nation consist in its preserving itself in as much
happiness as it can? The invasion of Portugal by Spain in the
last war, and the partition of Poland, have abrogated the law Of
nations. Kings have left no ties between one another. Their
duty to their people is still allowed. He is a good King that
preserves his people: and if temporizing answers that end, is it
not justifiable? You who are as moral as wise, answer my
questions. Grotius is obsolete. Dr. Joseph(310) and Dr.
Frederic(311) with four hundred thousand commentators, are
reading new lectures--and I should say, thank God, to One
another, if the four hundred thousand commentators were not in
worse danger than they.(312) Louis XVI. is grown a casuist
compared to those partitioners. Well, let US Simple individuals
keep our honesty, and bless our stars that we have not armies at
our command, lest we should divide kingdoms that are at our
biens`eance! What a dreadful thing it is for such a wicked
little imp as man to have absolute power!--But I have travelled
into Germany, when I meant to talk to you only of England; and it
is too late to recall My text. Good night!
(310) The Emperor of Germany.
(311) Frederic II. King of Prussia.
(312) The Emperor of Germany and King of Prussia having some
dispute about Bavaria, brought immense armies into the field, but
found their forces so nearly balanced, that neither ventured to
attack the other; and the Prussian monarch falling back upon
Silesia, the affair was, through the intervention of the Empress
of Russia, settled by negotiation, which ended in the peace of
Teschen.-E.
Letter 140 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
July 12, 1778. (page 191)
Mr. Lort has delivered your papers to me, dear Sir, and I have
already gone through them. I will try if I can make any thing of
them, but I fear I have not art enough, as I perceive there is
absolutely but one fact--the expulsion. You have certainly very
clearly proved that Mr. Baker was neither supported by Mr. Prior
nor Bishop Burnet; but these are mere negatives. So is the
question, whether he intended to compile an Athenae
Cantabrigienses or not; and on that you say but little, as you
have not seen his papers in the Museum. I will examine the
printed Catalogue, and try if I can discover the truth thence,
when I go to town. I will also borrow the new Biographia, as I
wish to know more of the expulsion. As it is our only fact, one
would not be too dry on it. Upon the whole, I think that it
would be preferable to draw up an ample character of Mr. Baker,
rather than a life. The one was most beautiful, amiable,
conscientious; the other totally barren of more than one event:
and though you have taken excellent pains to discover all that
was possible, yet there is an obscurity hangs over the
circumstances that even did attend him; as his connexion with
Bishop Crewe and his living. His own modesty comes out the
brighter, but then it composes a character, not a life.
As to Mr. Kippis and his censures, I am perfectly indifferent to
them. He betrays a pert malignity in hinting an intention of
being severe on my father, for the pleasure of exerting a right I
allowed, and do allow, to be a just One, though it is not just to
do it for that reason; however, let him say his pleasure. The
truth will not hurt my father; falsehood will recoil on the
author. His asserting, that my censure of Mr. Addison's
character of Lord Somers is not to be justified, is a silly ipse
dixit, as he does not, in truth cannot, show why it is not to be
justified. The passage I alluded to is the argument of an old
woman; and Mr. Addison's being a writer of true humour is not
justification of his reasoning like a superstitious gossip. In
the other passage you have sent me, Mr. Kippis is perfectly in
the right, and corrects me very justly. Had I seen Archbishop
Abbot's(313) Preface, with the outrageous flattery on, And lies
of James I., I should certainly never have said, "Honest Abbot
could not flatter!" I should have said, and do say, I never saw
grosser perversion of truth. One can almost excuse the faults of
James when his bishops were such base sycophants. What can a
king think of human nature, when it produces such wretches? I am
too impartial to prefer Puritans to clergymen, or vice versa,
when Whitgift and Abbot only ran a race of servility and
adulation: the result is, that priests of all religions are the
same. James and his Levites were worthy of each other; the
golden calf and the idolaters were well coupled, and it is Pity
they ever came out of the wilderness. I am very glad Mr. Tyson
has escaped death and disappointment: pray wish him joy 'of both
from me. Has not this Indian summer dispersed your complaints?
We are told we are to be invaded. Our Abbots and Whitgifts now
see with what successes and consequences their preaching up a
crusade against America has been crowned! Archbishop
Markham(314) may have an opportunity of exercising his martial
prowess. I doubt he would resemble Bishop Crewe more than good
Mr. Baker. Let us respect those only who are Israelites indeed.
I surrender Dr. Abbot to you. Church and presbytery are terms
for monopolies, Exalted notions of church matters are
contradictions in terms to the lowliness and humility of the
gospel. There is nothing sublime but the Divinity. Nothing is
sacred but as His work. A tree or a brute stone is more
respectable as such, than a mortal called an Archbishop, or an
edifice called a Church, which are the puny and perishable
productions of men. Calvin and Wesley had just the same views as
the Pope; power and wealth their objects. I abhor both, and
admire Mr. Baker.
P. S. I like Popery as well as you, and have shown I do. I like
it as I like chivalry and romance. They all furnish one with
ideas and visions, which presbyterianism does not. A Gothic
church or a convent fills one with romantic dreams-but for the
mysterious, the Church in the abstract, it is a jargon that means
nothing, or a great deal too much, and I reject it and its
apostles, from Athanasius to Bishop Keene.(315)
(313) Dr. George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury, born at
Guildford, in Surrey, 1562. In 1604, when the translation of the
Scriptures now in use was commenced by direction of King James,
Dr. Abbot was the second of eight divines of Oxford to whom was
committed the care of translating the New Testament, with the
exception of the Epistles, He died at the palace at Croydon, in
1633.-E.
(314) Dr. William Markham, translated to the see of York from
Chester in 1776. He died in 1807.-E.
(315) Dr. Edmund Keene, Bishop of Ely.-E.
Letter 141 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Saturday, July 18, 1778. (page 192)
Yesterday evening the following notices were fixed up in Lloyd's
coffee-house:-That a merchant in the city had received an express
from France, that the Brest fleet, consisting, of twenty-eight
ships of the line, were sailed, with orders to burn, sink, and
destroy. That Admiral Keppel was at Plymouth, and had sent to
demand three more ships of the line to enable him to meet the
French. On these notices stocks sunk three-and-a-half per cent.
An account I have received this morning from a good hand says,
that on Thursday the Admiralty received a letter from Admiral
Keppel, who was off the Land's End, saying that the Worcester was
in sight; that the Peggy had joined him, and had seen the
Thunderer making sail for the fleet; that he was waiting for the
Centaur, Terrible, and Vigilant; and that having received advice
from Lord Shuldham that the Shrewsbury was to sail from Plymouth
on Thursday, he should likewise wait for her. His fleet will
then consist of thirty ships of the line; and he hoped to have an
opportunity of trying his strength with the French fleet on our
own coast: if not, he would seek them on theirs. The French
fleet sailed on the 7th, consisting of thirty-one ships of the
line, two fifty-gun ships, and eight frigates. This state is
probably more authentic than those at Lloyd's.
Thus you see how big the moment is! and, unless far more
favourable to us in its burst than good sense allows one to
promise, it must leave us greatly exposed. Can we expect to beat
with considerable loss?--and then, where have we another fleet?
I need not state the danger from a reverse. The Spanish
ambassador certainly arrived on Monday.
I shall go to town on Monday for a day or two; therefore, if you
write to-morrow, direct to Arlington-street. I add no more: for
words are unworthy of the situation; and to blame now, would be
childish. It is hard to be gamed for against one's consent; but
when one's country is at stake, one must throw oneself out of the
question. When one, is old and nobody, one must be whirled with
the current, and shake one's wings like a fly, if one lights on a
pebble. The prospect is so dark, that one shall rejoice at
whatever does not happen that may. Thus I have composed a sort
of philosophy for myself, that reserves every possible chance.
You want none of these Artificial aids to your resolution.
Invincible courage and immaculate integrity are not dependent on
the folly of ministers or on the events of war. Adieu!
Letter 142 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, July 24, 1778. (page 193)
Upon reviewing your papers, dear Sir, I think I can make more of
them than I at first conceived. I have even commenced the life,
and do not dislike my ideas for it, if the execution does but
answer, At present, I am interrupted by another task, which you,
too, have wished me to undertake. In a word, somebody has
published Chatterton's works, and charged me heavily for having
discountenanced him. He even calls for the indignation of the
public against me. It is somewhat singular, that I am to be
offered up as a victim at the altar of a notorious impostor! but
as Many saints have been impostors, so many innocent persons have
been sacrificed to them. However, I shall not be patient under
this attack, but shall publish an answer-the narrative I
mentioned to you. I would, as you know, have avoided entering
into this affair if I could; but as I do not despise public
esteem, it is necessary to show how groundless the accusation is.
Do not speak of my intention, as perhaps I shall not execute it
immediately.
I am not in the least acquainted with the Mr. Bridges you
mention, nor know that I ever saw him. The tomb for Mr. Gray is
actually erected, and at the generous expense of Mr. Mason, and
with an epitaph of four lines,(316) as you heard, and written by
him--but the scaffolds are not yet removed. I was in town
yesterday, and intended to visit it, but there is digging a vault
for the family of Northumberland, which obstructs the removal of
the boards.
I rejoice in your amendment, and reckon it among my obligations
to the fine weather, and hope it will be the most lasting of
them. Yours ever.
(316) "No more the Grecian Muse unrivall'd reigns;
To Britain let the nations homage pay:
She felt a Homer's fire in Milton's strains,
A Pindar's rapture in the lyre of Gray."-E.
Letter 143 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, August 15, 1778. (page 194)
Your observation of Rowley not being mentioned by William of
Wyrcestre, is very strong, indeed, dear Sir, and I shall
certainly take notice of it. It has suggested to me that he is
not named by Bale or Pitts(317)--is he? Will you trouble
yourself to look? I conclude he is not, or we should have heard
of it. Rowley is the reverse of King Arthur, and all those
heroes that have been expected a second time; he is to come again
for the first time-I mean, as a great poet. My defence amounts
to thirty pages of the size of this paper: yet I believe I shall
not publish it. I abhor a controversy; and what is it to me
whether people believe in an impostor or not? Nay, shall I
convince every body of my innocence, though there is not the
shadow of reason for thinking I was to blame? If I met a beggar
in the street, and refused him sixpence, thinking him strong
enough to work, and two years afterwards he should die of
drinking, might not I be told I had deprived the world of a
capital rope-dancer? In short, to show one's self sensible to
such accusations, would only invite more; and since they accuse
me of contempt, I will have it for my accusers.
My brass plate for Bishop Walpole was copied exactly from the
print in Dart's Westminster, of the tomb of Robert Dalby, Bishop
of Durham, with the sole alteration Of the name. I shall return,
as soon as I have time, to Mr. Baker's Life; but I shall want to
Consult you, or, at least, the account of him in the new
Biographia, as your notes want some dates. I am not satisfied
yet with what I have sketched; but I shall correct it. My small
talent was grown very dull. This attack about Chatterton has a
little revived it; but it warns me to have done , for, if*one
comes to want provocatives,-the produce will soon be feeble.
Adieu! Yours most sincerely.
(317) John Bale, Bishop of Ossory. The work to which Walpole
alludes is his "Catalog's Scriptorum illustrium Majoris
Brytannie." Basle, 1557-E.--John Pitts wrote, in opposition to
Bale, "De illustribus Angliae Scriptoribus." Paris, 1619.-E.
Letter 144 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, August 21, 1778. (page 195)
I think it so very uncertain whether this letter will find you,
that I write merely to tell you I received yours to-day. I
recollect nothing particularly worth seeing in Sussex that you
have not seen (for I think you have seen Coudray and Stansted,
and I know you have Petworth), but Hurst Monceaux, near Battle;
and I don't know whether it is not pulled down. The site of
Arundel Castle is fine, and there are some good tombs of the
Fitzalans at the church, but little remains of the castle; in the
room of which is a modern brick house; and in the late Duke's
time the ghost of a giant walked there, his grace said--but I
suppose the present Duke has laid it in the Red Sea of claret.
Besides Knowle and Penshurst, I should think there were several
seats of old families in Kent worth seeing; but I do not know
them. I poked out Summer-hill(318) for the sake of the
Babylonienne in Grammont; but it is now a mere farmhouse. Don't
let them Persuade you to visit Leeds Castle, which is not worth
seeing.
You have been near losing me and half a dozen fair cousins today.
The Goldsmiths, Company dined in Mr. Shirley's field, next to
Pope's. I went to Ham with my three Waldegrave nieces and Miss
Keppel, and saw them land, and dine in tents erected for them,
from the opposite shore. You may imagine how beautiful the sight
was in such a spot and in such a day! I stayed and dined at Ham,
and after dinner Lady Dysart, with Lady Bridget Tollemache took
our four nieces on the water to see the return of the barges but
were to set me down at Lady Browne's. We were, with a footman
and the two watermen, ten in a little boat. As we were in the
middle of the river, a larger boat full of people drove directly
upon us on purpose. I believe they were drunk. We called to
them, to no purpose; they beat directly against the middle of our
little skiff--but, thank you, did not do us the least harm--no
thanks to them. Lady Malpas was in Lord Strafford's garden, and
gave us for gone. In short, Neptune never would have had so
beautiful a prize as the four girls.
I hear an express has been sent to * * * * to offer him the
mastership of the horse. I had a mind to make you guess, but you
never can--to Lord Exeter! Pray let me know the moment you
return to Park-place.
(318) Formerly a country-seat of Queen Elizabeth, and the
residence of Charles the Second when the court was at Tunbridge.-
E.
Letter 145 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, August 22, 1778. (page 196)
I beg YOU Will feel no uneasiness, dear Sir, at having shown my
name to Dr. Glynn. I Can never suspect you, who are giving me
fresh proofs of your friendship, and solicitude for my
reputation, of doing any thing unkind. It is true I do not think
I shall publish any thing about Chatterton. IS not it an affront
to innocence, not to be perfectly satisfied in her? My pamphlet,
for such it would be, is four times as large as the narrative in
your hands, and I think Would not discredit me--but, in truth, I
am grown much fonder of truth than fame; and scribblers or their
patrons shall not provoke me to sacrifice the one to the other.
Lord Hardwicke, I know, has long been my enemy,--latterly, to get
a sight of the Conway Papers, he has paid great court to me,
which, to show how little I regarded his enmity, I let him see,
at least the most curious. But as I set as little value on his
friendship, I did not grant another of his requests. Indeed, I
have made more than one foe by not indulging the vanity of those
who have made application to me; and I am obliged to them, when
they augment my contempt by quarrelling with me for that refusal.
It was the case of Mr. Masters, and is now of Lord Hardwicke. He
solicited me to reprint his Boeotian volume of Sir Dudley
Carleton's Papers, for which he had two motives. The first he
inherited from his father, the desire of saving money; for though
his fortune is so much larger than mine, he knew I would not let
out my press for hire, but should treat him with the expense, as
I have done for those I have obliged. The second was, that the
rarity of my editions makes them valuable, and though I cannot
make men read dull books, I can make them purchase them. His
lordship, therefore, has bad grace in affecting to overlook one,
whom he had in vain courted, yet he again is grown my enemy,
because I would not be my own. For my Writings, they do not
depend on him or the venal authors he patronizes (I doubt very
frugally), but On their own merits or demerits. It is from men
of sense they must expect their sentence, not from boobies and
hireling authors, whom I have always shunned, with the whole fry
of minor wits, critics, and monthly censors. I have not seen the
Review you mention, nor ever do, but when something particular is
pointed out to me. Literary squabbles I know preserve one's
name, when one's work will not; but I despise the fame that
depends on scolding till one is remembered, and remembered by
whom? The scavengers of literature! Reviewers are like sextons,
who in a charnel-house can tell you to what John Thompson or to
what Tom-Matthews such a skull or such belonged--but who wishes
to know? The fame that is only to be found in such vaults, is
like the fires that burn unknown in tombs, and go out as fast as
they are discovered. Lord Hardwicke is welcome to live among the
dead if he likes',,it, and can contrive to live nowhere else.
Chatterton did abuse me under the title of Baron of Otranto,(319)
but unluckily the picture is more like Dr. Milles and
Chatterton's own devotees' than to me, who am but a recreant
antiquary, and, as the poor lad found by experience, did not
swallow every fragment that 'Was offered to me as an antique;
though that is a feature he has bestowed Upon me.
I have seen, too, the criticism you mention on the Castle of
Otranto, in the preface to the Old English Baron.(320) It is not
at all oblique, but, though mixed with high compliments, directly
attacks the visionary part, which, says the author or authoress,
makes one laugh. I do assure you, I have not had the smallest
inclination to return that attack. It would even be ungrateful,
for the work is a professed imitation of mine, only stripped of
the marvellous; and so entirely stripped, except in one awkward
attempt at a ghost or two, that it is the most insipid dull
nothing you ever saw. It certainly does not
make me laugh; but what makes one doze, seldom makes one merry.
I am very sorry to have talked for near three pages on what
relates to myself, who should be of no consequence, if people did
not make me so, whether I will or not.- My not replying to them,
I hope, is a proof I do not seek to make myself the topic of
conversation. How very foolish are the squabbles of authors!
They buzz and are troublesome, to-day, and then repose for ever
on some shelf in a college' library, close by their antagonists,
like Henry VI. and Edward IV. at Windsor.
I shall be in town in a few days, and will send You the heads of
painters, which I left there; and along with them for yourself a
translation of a French play,(321) that I have just printed
there. It is not for your reading, but as one of the Strawberry
editions, and one of the rarest; for I have printed but
seventy-five copies. It was to oblige Lady Craven, - the
translatress; and will be an aggravation of my offence to Sir
Dudley's State Papers.
I hope this Elysian summer, for it has been above Indian, has
dispersed all your complaints. Yet it does not agree with fruit;
the peaches and nectarines are shrivelled to the size of damsons,
and half of them drop. Yet you remember what portly bellies the
peaches had at Paris, where it is generally as hot. I suppose
our fruit-trees are so accustomed to rain, that they don't know
how to behave without it. Adieu!
P. S. I can divert you with a new adventure that has happened to
me in the literary way. About a month ago, I received a letter
from Mr. Jonathan Scott, at Shrewsbury, to tell me he was
possessed of MS. of Lord Herbert's Account of the Court of
France,(322) which he designed to publish by subscription, and
which he desired me to subscribe to, and to assist in the
publication. I replied, that having been obliged to the late
Lord Powis and his widow, I could not meddle with any such thing,
without knowing that it had the consent of the present Earl and
his mother.
Another letter, commending my reserve, told me Mr. Scott had
applied for it formerly, and would again now. This showed me
they did not consent. I have just received a third letter,
owning the approbation has not yet arrived; but to keep me
employed in the mean time, the modest Mr. Scott, whom I never
saw, nor know more of than I did of Chatterton, proposes to me to
get his fourth son a place in the civil department in India: the
father not choosing it should be in the military, his three
eldest sons being engaged in that branch already. If this fourth
son breaks his neck, I suppose it will be laid to my charge!
Yours ever.
(319) Chatterton exhibited a ridiculous portrait of Walpole: in
the "Memoirs of a Sad Dog,"
under the character of "the redoubted Baron Otranto, who has
spent his whole life in conjectures."-E.
(320) The Old English Baron, a romance of considerable repute
which has been frequently reprinted, was the production of Clara
Reeve. This Ingenious lady had published, in 1772, a translation
of Barclay's Latin romance of Argenis, under the title of "The
Phoenix, or the History of Polyarchus and Argenis." She was born
at Ipswich, in 1738, died there in 1808.-E.
(321) "the Sleep Walker;" Strawberry Hill, 1778. It was
translated from the French of M. Pont de Veyle, by Lady Craven,
afterwards Margravine of Anspach.-E.
(322) By Lord Herbert's Account of the Court of France, Mr. Scott
most probably referred to his "Letters written during his
residence at the French Court" and which were first published
from the originals, in the edition of his Life which appeared in
1826.-E.
Letter 146 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
September 1, 1778. (page 198)
I have now seen the Critical Review, with Lord Hardwicke's note,
in which I perceive the sensibility of your friendship for me,
dear Sir, but no rudeness on his part. Contemptuous it was to
reprint Jane Shore's letter without any notice of my having given
it before: the apology, too, is not made to me-but I am not
affected by such incivilities, that imply more ill-will than
boldness. As I expected more from your representation, I believe
I expressed myself with more warmth than the occasion deserved;
and, as I love to be just, I will, now I am perfectly cool, be so
to Lord Hardwicke. His dislike of me was meritorious in him, as
I conclude it was founded on my animosity to his father, as mine
had been, from attachment to my own who was basely betrayed by
the late Earl. The present has given me formerly many peevish
marks of enmity; and I suspect, I don't know if justly, that he
was the mover of the cabal in the Antiquarian Society against me-
-but all their Misunderstandings were of a size that made me
smile rather than provoked me. The Earl, as I told you, has
since been rather wearisome in applications to me; which I
received rather civilly, but encouraged no farther. When he
wanted me to be his printer, I own I was not good Christian
enough, not to be pleased with refusing, and yet in as well-bred
excuses as I could form, pleading what was true at the time, as
you know, that I had laid down my press-but so much for this idle
story. I shall think no more of it, but adhere to my specific
system. The antiquarians will be as ridiculous as they used to
be; and, since it is impossible to infuse taste into them, they
will be as dry and dull as their predecessors. One may revive
what perished, but it will perish again, if more life is not
breathed into it than it enjoyed originally. Facts, dates, and
names will never please the multitude, unless there is some style
and manner to recommend them, and unless some novelty is struck
out from their appearance. The best merit of the society lies in
their prints; for their volumes, no mortal will ever touch them
but an antiquary. Their Saxon and Danish discoveries are not
worth more than monuments of the Hottentots; and for Roman
remains in Britain, they are upon a foot with what ideas we
should get of Inigo Jones, if somebody was to publish views of
huts and houses, that our officers run up at Senegal and Goree.
Bishop Lyttelton used to torment me with barrows and Roman camps,
and I would as soon have attended to the turf graves in our
churchyards. I have no curiosity to know how awkward and clumsy
men have been in the dawn of arts, or in their decay.
I exempt you entirely from my general censure on antiquaries,
both for your singular modesty in publishing nothing yourself,
and for collecting stone and bricks for others to build with. I
wish your materials may ever fall into good hands--perhaps they
will! our empire is falling to pieces! we are relapsing to a
little island. n that state men are apt to inquire how great
their ancestors have been; and, when a kingdom is past doing any
thing, the few that are studious look into the memorials of past
time; nations, like private persons, seek lustre from their
progenitors, when they have none in themselves, and the farther
they are from the dignity of their source. When half its
colleges are tumbled down, the ancient university of Cambridge
will revive from your Collections,(323) and you will be a living
witness that saw its splendour.
Since I began this letter, I have had another curious adventure.
I was in the Holbein chamber, when a chariot stopped at my door.
A letter was brought up--and who should be below but--Dr. Kippis.
The letter was to announce himself and his business, flattered me
on My Writings, desired my assistance, and particularly my
direction and aid for his writing the life of my father. I
desired he would walk up, and received him very civilly, taking
not the smallest notice of what you had told me of his flirts at
me in the new Biographia. I told him if I had been applied to, I
could have pointed out many errors in the old edition, but as
they were chiefly in the printing, I supposed they would be
corrected. With regard to my father's life, I said, it might be
partiality, but I had such confidence in my father's virtues,
that I was satisfied the more his life was examined, the clearer
they would appear. That I also thought that the life of any man
written under the direction of his family, did nobody honour; and
that, as I was persuaded my father's would stand the test, I
wished that none of his relations should interfere in it. That I
did not doubt but the Doctor would speak impartially, and that
was all I desired. He replied, that he did suppose I thought in
that manner, and that all he asked was to be assisted in facts
and dates. I said, if he would please to write the life first,
and then communicate it to me, I would point out any errors in
facts that I should perceive. He seemed mightily well
satisfied-and so we parted-but is it not odd. that people are
continually attacking me, and then come to me for' assistance?--
but when men write for profit, they are not very delicate.
I have resumed Mr. Baker's life, and pretty well arranged my
plan; but I shall have little time to make any progress till
October, as I am going soon to make some visits. Yours ever.
(323) His valuable Collections, in about a hundred volumes, in
folio fairly written in his own band, Mr. Cole, on his death in
1782, left to the British Museum, to be locked up for twenty
years. His Diary, as will be seen by a specimen or two, is truly
ludicrous:--Jan. 25, 1766. Foggy. My beautiful Parrot died at
ten at night, without knowing the Cause of his illness, he being
very well last night.--Feb. 1. Fine day, and cold. Will. Wood
carried three or four loads of dung Baptized William, the son of
William Grace, blacksmith, whom I married about six months
before. March 3. I baptized Sarah, the bastard daughter of the
Widow Smallwood, of Eton, aged near fifty, whose husband died
about a year ago.--March 6, Very fine weather. My man was
blooded. I sent a loin Of pork and a spare-rib to Mr.
Cartwright, in London.--27. I sent my two French wigs to my
London barber to alter, they being made so miserably I could not
wear them.--June 17. I went to our new Archdeacon's visitation
at Newport-Pagnel. took young H. Travel with me on my dun horse,
in order that he might hear the organ, he being a great
psalm-singer. The most numerous appearance of clergy that I
remember: forty-four dined with the Archdeacon; and what is
extraordinary, not one smoked tobacco. My new coach-horse
ungain.--Aug. 16. Cool day. Tom reaped for Joe Holdom. I
cudgelled Jem for staying so long on an errand," etc.-E.
Letter 147 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 18, 1778. (page 200)
I have run through the new articles in the Biographia, and think
them performed but by a heavy hand. Some persons have not
trusted the characters of their ancestors, as I did my father's,
to their own merits. On the contrary, I have met with one whose
corruption is attempted to be palliated by imputing its
punishment to the revenge of my father-which, by the way, is
confessing the guilt of the convict. This was the late Lord
Barrington,(324) who, i believe, was a very dirty fellow; for,
besides being expelled the House of Commons on the affair of the
Harburgh lottery, he was reckoned to have twice sold the
Dissenters to the court; but in short, what credit can a
Biographia Britannica, which ought to be a standard work,
deserve, when the editor is a mercenary writer, who runs about to
relations for direction, and adopts any tale they deliver to him?
This very instance is proof that it is not a jot more creditable
than a peerage. The
authority is said to be a nephew of Judge Foster, (consequently,
I suppose, a friend of Judge Barrington), and he pretends to have
found a scrap of paper, nobody knows on what occasion written,
that seems to be connected with nothing, and is called a
palliative, if not an excuse of Lord Barrington's crime. A man
is expelled from Parliament for a scandalous job, and it is
called a sufficient excuse to say the minister was his enemy; and
this nearly forty years after the death of both! and without any
impeachment of the justice of the sentence: instead of which we
are told that Lord Barrington was suspected of having offended
Sir Robert Walpole, who took that opportunity of being revenged.
Supposing he did--which at most you see is a suspicion--grounded
on a suspicion--it would at least Imply, that he had found a good
opportunity. A most admirable acquittal! Sir Robert Walpole was
expelled for having endorsed a note that was not for his own
benefit, nor ever supposed to be, and it Was the act of a whole
outrageous party; yet, abandoned as parliaments sometimes are, a
minister would not find them very complaisant In gratifying his
private revenge against a member without some crime. Not a
syllable is said of any defence the culprit made:; and,' had my
father been guilty of such violence and injustice, it is totally
incredible that he, whose minutest acts and his most innocent
were so rigorously scrutinized, tortured, and blackened, should
never have heard that act of power complained of. The present
Lord Barrington who opposed him, saw his fall, and the secret
committee appointed' to canvass his life, when a retrospect of
twenty years was desired and only ten allowed, would certainly
have pleaded for the longer term, had he had any thing to say, in
behalf of his father's sentence. Would so warm a patriot then,
though so obedient a courtier now, have suppressed the charge to
this hour? This Lord Barrington, when I was going to publish the
second edition of my Noble Authors, begged it as a favour of me
suppress all mention of his father--a strong presumption that he
was ashamed of him. I am well repaid! but I am certainly 11
record that good man. I shall-and s ow at liberty to hall take
notice of the satisfactory manner in which his sons have
whitewashed their patriarch. I recollect a saying of the present
peer that will divert you when contrasted with forty years of
servility which even in this age makes him a proverb. It was in
his days of virtue. He said, "If I should ever be so unhappy as
to have a place that would make it necessary for me to have a
fine coat on a birthday, I would pin a bank-bill on my sleeve."
He had a place in less than two years, I think--and has had
almost every place that every administration could bestow.(325)
Such were the patriots that opposed that excellent man, my
father; allowed by all parties as incapable of revenge as ever
minister was--but whose experience of mankind drew from him that
memorable saying, "that very few men ought to be prime ministers,
for it is not fit many should know how bad men are;"--one can see
a little of it without being a prime minister. "one shuns
mankind and flies to books, one meets with their meanness and
falsehood there, too! one has reason to say, there is but one
good, that is God. Adieu! Yours ever.
(324) John Shute, first Viscount Barrington in the peerage of
Ireland, expelled the House of Commons in February 1723, for
having promoted, abetted, and carried on that fraudulent
undertaking, the Harburgh lottery. This lottery took its name
from the place where it Was to be drawn, the town and port of
Harburgh, on the
river Elbe, where the projector was to settle a trade for the
woollen manufacture between England and Germany. Lord Barrington
was distinguished for theological learning, and published
"Miscellanea Critica" and an "Essay on the several Dispensations
of God to Mankind." He died in 1734, leaving five sons, who had
the rare fortune of each rising to high stations in the church,
the state, the law, the army, and the navy.-E.
(325) See vol. i. p. 258, letter 69. Among the Mitchell MSS. is
a letter from Lord Barrington, in which he says, "No man knows
what is good for him: my invariable rule, therefore, is to ask
nothing, to refuse nothing; to let Others place me, and to do my
best wherever I am placed. The same strange fortune which made
me secretary of war five years ago has made me chancellor of the
exchequer; it may perhaps at last make me pope. I think i am
equally fit to be at the head of the church as the exchequer."-E.
Letter 148 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Oct, 14, 1778. (page 202)
I think you take in no newspapers, nor do I believe condescend to
read any more modern than the Paris `a la Main at the time of the
Ligue; consequently you have not seen a new scandal on my father,
which you will not wonder offends me. You cannot be interested
in his defence; but, as it comprehends some very curious
anecdotes, you will not grudge my indulging myself to a friend in
vindicating a name so dear to me. In the accounts of Lady
Chesterfield's(326) death and fortune, it is said that the late
King, at the instigation of Sir Robert Walpole, burnt his
father's will which contained a large legacy to that, his
supposed, daughter, and I believe his real one; for she was very
like him, as her brother General Schulembourg, is, in black, to
the late King. The fact of suppressing the will is indubitably
true; the instigator most false, as I can demonstrate thus:--
When the news arrived of the death of George the First, my father
carried the account from Lord Townshend to the then Prince of
Wales. One of the first acts of royalty is for the new monarch
to make a speech to the privy council. Sir Robert asked the King
who he would please to have draw the Speech, which was, in fact,
asking who was to be prime minister; to which his Majesty
replied, Sir Spencer Compton. It is a wonderful anecdote, and
but little known, that the new premier, a very dull man, could
not draw the Speech, and the person to whom he applied was the
deposed premier. The Queen, who favoured my father, observed how
unfit a man was for successor, who was reduced to beg assistance
of his predecessor. The council met as soon as possible, the
next morning at latest. There Archbishop Wake, with whom one
copy of the will had been deposited, (as another was, I think,
with the Duke of Wolfenbuttle, who had a pension for sacrificing
it, which, I know, the late Duke of Newcastle transacted,)
advanced and delivered the will to the King, who put it into his
pocket, and went out of council without opening it, the
Archbishop- not having courage or presence of mind to desire it
to b' read,. as he ought to have done.
These circumstances, which I solemnly assure you are strictly
true, prove that my father neither advised, nor was consulted;
nor is it credible that the King in one night's time should have
passed from the intention of disgracing him, to make him his
bosom Confidant on so delicate an affair.
I was once talking to the late Lady Suffolk, the former mistress,
on that extraordinary event. She said, "I cannot justify the
deed to the legatees; but towards his father, the late King was
justifiable, for George the First had burnt two wills made in
favour of George the Second." I suppose these were the
testaments of the Duke and Duchess of Zell, parents of George the
First's wife, whose treatment of her they always resented.
I said, I know the transactions of the Duke of Newcastle. The
late Lord Waldegrave showed me a letter from that Duke to The
first Earl of Waldegrave, then ambassador at Paris, with
directions about that transaction, or, at least, about payment of
the pension, I forget which.(327) I have somewhere, but cannot
turn to it now, a memorandum of that affair, and who the Prince
was, whom I may mistake in calling Duke of Wolfenbuttle. There
was a third COPY of the will, I likewise forget with whom
deposited. The newspaper says, which is true, that Lord
Chesterfield filed a bill in chancery against the late King to
oblige him to produce the will, and was silenced, I think, by
payment of twenty thousand Pounds. There was another legacy to
his own daughter, the Queen of Prussia, which has at times been,
and, I believe, is still claimed by the King of Prussia.
Do not mention any part of this story, but it is worth
preserving, I am sure you are satisfied with my scrupulous
veracity. It may Perhaps be authenticated hereafter by
collateral evidence that may come out. If ever true history does
come to light my father's character will have just honour paid to
it. Lord Chesterfield, one of his sharpest enemies, has not,
with all his
prejudices, left a very unfavourable account of him, and it would
alone be raised by a comparison of their two characters. Think
of one who calls Sir Robert the corrupter of youth, leaving a
system of education to poison them from their nursery!
Chesterfield, Pulteney, and Bolingbroke were the saints that
reviled my father! I beg your pardon, but you will allow Me to
open my heart to you when it is full. Yours ever.
(326) Malosine de Schulenbourg, a natural daughter of George I.
by Miss Schulenbourg, afterwards created Duchess of Kendal. She
was created, in 1722, Countess of Walsingham and Baroness of
Aldborough, and was the widow of Philip Dormer Stanhope, the
celebrated Earl of Chesterfield, who died in 1773-E.
(327) See Walpole's Memoires of George the second, vol. ii., p.
458-E.
Letter 149 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Oct. 23, 1778. (page 204)
* * * * * Having thus told you all I know, I shall add a few
words, to say I conclude you have known as much, by my not having
heard from you. Should the post-office or secretary's o(fice set
their wits at work to bring to light all the intelligence
contained under the above hiatus, I am confident they will
discover nothing, though it gives an exact description of all
they have been about themselves.
My personal history is very short. I have had an assembly and
the rheumatism-and am buying a house-and it rains-and I shall
plant the roses against my treillage to-morrow. Thus you know
-what I have done, suffered, am doing, and shall do. Let me know
as much of you, in quantity, not in quality. Introductions to,
and conclusions of, letters are as much out of fashion, as to at,
etc. on letters. This sublime age reduces every thing to its
quintessence: all periphrases and expletives are so much in
disuse, that I suppose soon the only way of making love will be
to say "Lie down." Luckily, the lawyers will not part with any
synonymous words, and will, consequently preserve the
redundancies of our language--Dixi.
Letter 150 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
October 26, 1778. (page 204)
I have finished the life of Mr. Baker, will have it transcribed,
and send it to you. I have omitted several little particulars
that are in your notes, for two reasons; one, because so much is
said in the Biographia; and the other, because I have rather
drawn a character of him, than meant a circumstantial life. In
the justice I have done to him, I trust I shall have pleased you.
I have much greater doubt of that effect in what I have said of
his principles and party. It is odd, perhaps, to have made use
of the life of a high churchman for expatiating on my own very
opposite principles; but it gave me SO fair an opportunity of
discussing those points, that I very naturally embraced it. I
have done due honour to his immaculate conscience, but have not
spared the cause in which he fell,-or rather rose,-for the ruin
of his fortune was the triumph of his virtue.
As you know I do not love the press, you may be sure I have no
thoughts of printing this life at present; nay, I beg you will
not only not communicate it, but take care it never should be
printed without my consent. I have written what presented
itself; I should perhaps choose to soften several passages; and I
trust to you for Your own satisfaction, not as a finished thing,
or as I am determined it should remain.
Another favour I beg of you is to criticise it as largely and
severely As you please: you have A right so to do, as it is built
with your own materials, nay, you have a right to scold if I
have, nay, since I have, employed them so differently from your
intention. All my excuse is, that you communicated them to one
who did not deceive you, and you was pretty sure would make
nearly the use of them that he has made. Was not you? did you
not suspect a little that I could not write even a Life of Mr.
Baker without talking Whiggism!--Well, if I have ill-treated the
cause, I am sure I have exalted the martyr. I have thrown new
light on his virtue from his notes on the Gazettes, and you will
admire him more, though you may love me less, for my chymistry.
I should be truly sorry if I did lose a scruple of your
friendship. You have ever been as candid to me, as Mr. Baker was
to his antagonists, and our friendship is another proof that men
of the most opposite principles can agree in every thing else,
and not quarrel about them.
As my manuscript contains above twenty pages of my writing on
larger paper than this, you cannot receive it speedily--however,
I have Performed my promise, and I hope you will not be totally
discontent, though I am not satisfied with myself. I have
executed it by snatches and by long interruptions; and not having
been eager about it, I find I wanted that ardour to inspire me;
another proof of what I told you, that my small talent is waning,
and wants provocatives. It shall be a warning to me. Adieu!
Letter 151 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Nov. 4, 1778. (page 205)
You will see by my secretary's hand, that I am not able to write
myself; indeed, I am in bed with the gout in six places, like
Daniel in the den; but, as the lions are slumbering round me, and
leave me a moment of respite, I employ it to give you one.
You have misunderstood me, dear Sir: I have not said a word that
will lower Mr. Baker's character; on the contrary, I think he
will come out brighter from my ordeal. In truth, as I have drawn
out his life from your papers, it is a kind of Political epic, in
which his conscience is the hero that always triumphs over his
interest
upon the most opposite occasions. Shall you dislike your saint
in this light! I had transcribed about half when I fell ill last
week. If the gout does not seize my right hand, I shall Probably
have recovery full leisure to finish it during my recovery, but
shall certainly not be
able to send it to you by Mr. Lort.
Your promise fully satisfies me. My life can never extend to
twenty years.(328) Anyone that saw me this moment would not take
me for a Methusalem. I have not strength to dictate more now,
except to add, that if Mr. Nicholls has seen my narrative about
Chatterton, it can only be my letter to Mr. Barrett, of which you
have a copy; the larger one has not yet been out of my own house.
Yours most sincerely.
(328) Mr. Cole had informed Walpole that his collections were not
to be opened until twenty years after his death. See ant`e, P.
199, letter 146, note 323.
Letter 152 To Lady Browne.(329)
Arlington Street, Nov, 5, 1778. (page 206)
Your ladyship is exceedingly kind and charitable, and the least I
can do in return is to do all I can--dictate a letter to you. I
have not been out of bed longer than it was necessary to have it
made, once a day, since last Thursday. The gout is in both my
feet, both my knees, and in my left hand and elbow. Had I a mind
to brag, I could boast of a little rheumatism too, but I scorn to
set value on such a trifle; nay, I will own that I have felt but
little acute pain. My chief propensity to exaggeration would be
on the miserable nights I have passed; and yet whatever I should
say would not be beyond what I thought I suffered. I have been
constantly as broad awake as Mrs. Candour that is always gaping
for Scandal,(330) except when I have taken opiates, and then my
dreams have been as extravagant as Mrs. Candour adds to what she
hears. In short, Madam, not to tire you with more details,
though you have ordered them, I am so weak that I am able to see
nobody at all, and when I shall be recovered enough to take
possession of this new lease, as it is called, the mansion, I
believe, will be so shattered that it won't be worth repairs. Is
it not very foolish, then, to be literally buying a new house? Is
it not verifying Pope's line, when I choose a Pretty situation,
"But just to look about us and to die?"
I am sorry Lady Jane's lot is fallen in Westphalia, where so
great a hog is lord of the manor. He is like the dragon of
Wantley,
"And houses and churches
To him are geese and turkeys;"
so I don't wonder that he has gobbled her two cows.
Lady Blandford is delightful in congratulating me upon having the
gout in town, and staying in the country herself. Nay, she is
very insolent in presuming to be the only person invulnerable.
If I could wish her any, harm, it should be that she might feel
for one quarter of an hour a taste of the mortifications that I
suffered from eleven last night till four this morning, and I am
sure she would never dare to have a spark of courage again. I
can only wish her in Grosvenor-square, where she would run no
risks. Her reputation for obstinacy is so well established, that
she might take advice from her true friends for a twelvemonth,
before we should believe our own ears. However, as every body
has some weak part, I know she will do for others more than for
herself; and, therefore, pray Madam, tell her, that I am sure it
is bad for Your ladyship to stay in the country at this time of
year, and that reason, I am sure will bring you both. I really
must rest.
(329) Now first printed. See vol. iii., letter to George
Montagu, Esq., Nov. 1, 1767, letter 332.
(330) Sheridan's popular comedy of the "School for Scandal" which
came out at Drury-lane theatre in May 1777, was at this time as
much the favourite of the town as ever.-E.
Letter 153 To Lady Browne.(331)
Arlington Street, Dec. 18, 1778. (page 207)
My not writing with my own hand, to thank Your ladyship for your
very obliging letter, is the worst symptom that remains with me,
Madam: all pain and swelling are gone; and I hope in a day or two
to get a glove even on my right hand, and to walk with help into
the room by the end of next week. I did I confess, see a great
deal too much company too early; and was such an old child as to
prattle abundantly, till I was forced to shut myself up for a
week and see nobody; but I am quite recovered, and the emptiness
of the town will soon preserve me from any excesses.
I am exceedingly glad to hear your ladyship finds so much benefit
from the air: I own I thought you looked ill the last time I had
the honour of seeing you; and though I am sorry to hear you talk
with so much satisfaction of a country life, I am not selfish
enough to wish you to leave Tusmore(332) a day before your health
is quite re-established, nor to envy Mr. Fermor so agreeable an
addition to his society and charming seat.
Poor Lady Albemarle is indeed very miserable and full of
apprehensions; though the incredible zeal. of the navy for
Admiral Keppel crowns him with glory, and the indignation of and
the indignation of mankind, and the execration of Sir Hugh, add
to the triumph. Indeed, I still think Lady A.'s fears may be
well founded: some slur may be Procured on her son; and his own
bad nerves, and worse constitution, may not be able to stand
agitation and suspense.(333)
Lady Blandford has had a cold, but I hear is well again, and has
generally two tables. She will be a loss indeed to all her
friends, and to hundreds more; but she cannot be immortal, nor
would be, if she could.
The writings are not yet signed, Madam, for my house, but I am in
no doubt of having it; yet I shall not think of going into it
till the spring, as I cannot enjoy this year's gout in it, and
will not venture catching a codicil, by going backwards and
forwards to it before it is aired.
I know no particular news, but that Lord Bute was thought in
great danger yesterday; I have heard nothing of him to-day. I do
not know even a match, but of some that are going to be divorced;
the fate of one of the latter is to be turned into an exaltation,
and is treated by her family and friends in quite a new style, to
the discomfit of all prudery. It puts me in mind of Lord
Lansdowne's lines in the room in the Tower where my father had
been confined,
"Some fall so hard, they bound and rise again."
Methinks, however, it is a little hard on Lord George Germaine,
that in four months after seeing a Duchess of Dorset, he may see
a Lord Middlesex too; for so old the egg is said to be, that is
already prepared. If this trade goes on, half the peeresses will
have two eldest sons with both fathers alive at the same time.
Lady Holderness expresses nothing but grief and willingness to
receive her daughter(334) again on any terms, which probably will
happen; for the daughter has already opened her eyes, is sensible
of her utter ruin, and has written to Lord Carmarthen and Madam
Cordon, acknowledging her guilt, and begging to be remembered
only with pity, which is sufficient to make one pity her.
I would beg pardon for so long a letter, but your ladyship
desired THE intelligence, and I know a long letter from London is
not uncomfortable at Christmas, even. in the most comfortable
house in the country. Perhaps my own forced idleness has a
little contributed to lengthen it; still I hope it implies great
readiness to obey your ladyship's commands, in your most obedient
humble servant.
(331) Now first printed.
(332) Lady Browne's first husband was Henry Fermor Esq.,
grandfather of Mr. Fermor of Tusmore House. She was Miss
Sheldon.-E.
(333) Some charges having been brought against Admiral Keppel for
his conduct at the battle of Ushant,
by Sir Hugh Palliser, his vice-admiral, he was tried for the
same, and not only unanimously acquitted, but the prosecution
declared malicious. This verdict gave such general satisfaction,
that London was illuminated for two nights; upon one,
of which a mob, consisting in great part of sailors who had
served under Keppel, broke all the windows in the house of his
accuser. The city of London voted the Admiral the freedom of the
corporation. In 1782, he was Created Viscount Keppel, and
appointed first lord of the admiralty. He died unmarried, in
October 1786. The following is a part of Mr. Burke's beautiful
panegyric on him, at the conclusion of his letter to a noble
Lord:--"I ever looked on Lord Keppel as one of the greatest and
best men of his age, and I loved and cultivated him accordingly.
It was at his trial that he gave me this picture. With what zeal
and anxious affection I attended him through that his agony of
glory; what part my son took in the early flush and enthusiasm of
his virtue, and the pious passion with which he attached himself
to all my connexions; with what prodigality we both squandered
ourselves in courting almost every sort of enmity for his sake, I
believe he felt, just as I should have felt such friendship on
such an occasion. I partook, indeed, of this honour with several
of the first, and best, and ablest in the kingdom; but I was
behind with none of them - and I am sure that if, to the eternal
disgrace of this nation, and to the total annihilation of every
trace of honour and virtue in it, things had taken a different
turn from what they did, I should have attended him to the
quarterdeck with no less good-will and more pride, though with
far other feelings, than I partook of the general flow of
national joy that attended the justice that was done to his
virtue."-E.
(335) Amelia D'Arcy, Baroness Conyers, daughter of Robert, fourth
Earl of Holderness, Married to Lord Carmarthen; who had eloped
with Captain John Byron, father of the great poet.-E.
Letter 154 To The Earl Of Buchan.(336)
Arlington Street, Dec. 24, 1778. (page 209)
It was an additional mortification to my illness, my lord, that I
was nut able to thank your lordship with my own hand for the
honour of your letter, and for your goodness in remembering an
old man, who must with reason consider himself as forgotten, when
he never was of importance, and is now almost useless to himself.
Frequent severe fits of the gout have a good deal disabled me
from pursuing the trifling studies in which I could pretend to
know any thing; or at least has given me an indifference, that
makes me less ready in answering questions than I may have been
formerly; and as my papers are in the country, whither at present
I am not able to go, I fear I can give but unsatisfactory replies
to your lordship's queries.
The two very curious pictures of King James and his Queen (I
cannot recollect whether the third or fourth of the name, but I
know that she was a princess of Sweden or Denmark,(337) and that
her arms are on her portrait,) were at the palace at Kensington,
and I imagine are there still. I had obtained leave from the
Lord Chamberlain to have drawings made of them, and Mr. Wale
actually
began them for me, but made such slow progress, and I was so
called off from the thought of them by indispositions and other
avocations, that they were never finished; and Mr.. Wale may,
perhaps, still have the beginnings he made.
At the Duke of Devonshire's at Hardwicke, there is a valuable
though poorly painted picture of James V. and Mary of Guise, his
second queen: it is remarkable from the great resemblance of Mary
Queen of Scots to her father; I mean in Lord Morton's picture of
her, and in the image of her on her tomb at Westminster, which
agree together, and which I take to be the genuine likeness. I
have doubts on Lord Burlington's picture, and on Dr. Mead's. The
nose in both is thicker, and also fuller at bottom than on the
tomb; though it is a little supported by her coins.
There is a much finer portrait,--indeed, an excellent head,--of
the Lady Margaret Douglas at Mr. Carteret's at Hawnes in
Bedfordshire, the late Lord Granville's. It is a shrewd
countenance, and at the same time with great goodness of
character. Lord Scarborough has a good picture, in the style of
Holbein at least, of Queen Margaret Tudor, daughter of Henry
VII., and of her second or third husband (for, if I don't
mistake, she had three); but indeed, my lord, these things are so
much out of my memory at present, that I speak with great
diffidence. I cannot even recollect any thing else to your
lordship's purpose; but I flatter myself, that these imperfect
notices will at least be a testimony of my readiness to obey your
lordship's commands, as that I am, with great respect, my lord,
your lordship's obedient humble servant.
(336) Now first printed. David Stewart Erskine, eleventh Earl of
Buchan. He was intended for public life, but shortly after
succeeding to the family honours, in 1767, he retired to
Scotland, and devoted himself to literature. His principal works
were, an Essay on the lives of Fletcher of Saltoun and the Poet
Thomson, and a Life of Napier of Merchiston. He died at Dryburgh
Abbey in 1829 at the age of eighty-seven.-E.
(337) James the First married, in 1590, Anne, daughter of
Frederick King of Denmark.-E.
Letter 155 To Edward Gibbon, Esq.(338)
[1778.] (page 210)
Dear Sir,
I have gone through your Inquisitor's attack(339) and am far from
being clear that it deserves your giving yourself the trouble of
an answer, as neither the detail nor the result affects your
argument. So far from it, many of his reproofs are levelled at
your having quoted a wrong page; he confessing often that what
you have cited is in the author, referred to, but not precisely
in the individual spot. If St. Peter is attended by a corrector
of the press, you will certainly never be admitted where he is a
porter. I send you my copy, because I scribbled my remarks. I
do not send them with the impertinent presumption of suggesting a
hint to you, but to prove I did not grudge the trouble of going
through such a book when you desired it, and to show how little
struck me as of any weight.
I have set down nothing on your imputed plagiarisms; for, if they
are so, no argument that has ever been employed must be used
again, even where the passage necessary is applied to a different
purpose. An author is not allowed to be master of his own works;
but, by Davis's new law, the first person that cites him would be
so. You probably looked into Middleton, Dodwell, etc.; had the
same reflections on the same circumstances, or conceived them so
as to recollect them, without remembering what suggested them.
Is this plagiarism? If it is, Davis and such cavillers might go a
short step further, and insist that an author should peruse every
work antecedently written on every subject at all collateral to
his own.-not to assist him, but to be sure to avoid every
material touched by his predecessors. I will make but one remark
on such divine champions. Davis and his prototypes tell you
Middleton, etc. have used the same objections, and they have
been confuted: answering, in the theologic dictionary, signifying
confuting; no matter whether there is sense, argument, truth, in
the answer or not.
Upon the whole I think ridicule is the only answer such a work is
entitled to.' The ablest, answer which you can make (which would
be the ablest answer that could be made) would never have any
authority with the cabal, yet would allow a sort of dignity to
the author. His patrons will always maintain that he vanquished
you, unless u made him too ridiculous for them to dare to revive
his name. You might divert yourself, too, with Alma Mater, the
church, employing a goviat to defend the citadel, while the
generals repose in their tents. If irenaeus, St. Augustine, etc.
did not set apprentices and proselytes to combat Celsus and the
adversaries of the new religion---but early bishops had not five
or six thousand pounds a-year.
In short, dear Sir, I wish you not to lose your time; that is,
either ,not reply, or set your mark on your answer, that it may
always be read with the rest of your works.
(338) Now first collected.
(339) "An Examination of the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Chapters of
Mr. Gibbon's History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
By Henry Edward Davis, B.A. of Baliol College, Oxford." He was
born in 1756 and died in 1784, at the early age of twenty-seven.
He was a native of Windsor, and is believed to have received a
present from George the Third for this production.-E.
Letter 156 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Jan. 3, 1779. (page 211)
At last, after ten weeks I have been able to remove hither, in
hopes change of air and the frost will assist my recovery; though
I am not one of those ancients that forget the register, and
think they are to be as well as ever after every fit of illness.
As yet I can barely creep about the room in the middle of the
day.
I have made my printer (now my secretary) copy out the rest of
Mr. Baker's Life; for my own hand will barely serve to write
necessary letters, and complains even of them. If you know of
any very trusty person passing between London and Cambridge, I
would send it to you, but should not care to trust it by the
coach, nor to any giddy undergraduate that comes to town to see a
play; and, besides, I mean to return you your own notes. I Will
Say no more than I have said in my apology to you for the manner
in which I have written this life. With regard to Mr. Baker
himself, I am confident you will find that I have done full
justice to his work and character. i
do not expect You to approve the inferences I draw against some
other persons; and yet, if his conduct was meritorious, it would
not be easy to excuse those who -were active after doing what he
would not do. You will not understand this sentence till you
have seen the Life.
I hope you have not been untiled or unpaled by the tempest on
New-year's morning.(340) I have lost two beautiful elms in a row
before my windows here, and had the skylight demolished in town.
Lady Pomfret's Gothic house in my street lost one of the stone
towers, like those at King's Chapel, and it was beaten through
the roof The top of our cross, too, at Ampthill was thrown down,
as I hear from Lady Ossory this morning. I remember to have been
told that Bishop Kidder and his wife were killed in their bed in
the palace of Gloucester in 1709,(341) and yet his heirs were
sued for dilapidations. Lord de Ferrers,(342) who deserves his
ancient honours, is going to repair the castle at Tamworth, and
has flattered me that he will Consult me. He has a violent
passion for ancestry--and, consequently, I trust will not stake
the patrimony of the Ferrars, Townshends, and Comptons, at the
hazard-table. A little pride would not hurt our nobility, cock
and hen. Adieu, dear Sir; send me a good account of yourself
Yours ever.
(340) On the 1st of January, 1779, London was visited by one of
the most violent tempests ever known. Scarcely a public building
in the metropolis escaped without damage.-E.
(341) The memorable storm here alluded to took place in November,
1703, and Bishop Kidder and his lady perished in their bed at the
episcopal palace at Wells by the fall of a stack of chimneys.
They were privately interred in the cathedral; and one of his
daughters, dying single, directed by her will a monument to be
erected for her parents.-E.
(342) Robert, sixth Earl Ferrers. He had just succeeded to the
title, by the death of his brother Washington, vice-admiral of
the blue,; who had begun to rebuild the mansion of Stanton
Harold, in Leicestershire, according to a plan of his own, and
lived to see it nearly finished.-E.
Letter 157 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street; Jan. 9, 1779. (page 212)
Your flight to Bath would have much surprised me, if Mr.
Churchill, who, I think, heard it from Stanley, had not prepared
me for it. Since you was amused, I am glad you went, especially
as you escaped being initiated in Mrs. Miller's follies at
Batheaston,(343) which you would have mentioned. She would
certainly have sent some trapes of a Muse to press you, had she
known what good epigrams you write.
I went to Strawberry partly out of prudence, partly from ennui.
I thought it best to air myself before I go in and out of hot
rooms here, and had my house thoroughly warmed for a week
previously, and then only stirred from the red room to the blue
on the same floor. I stayed five days, and was neither the
better nor the worse for it. I was quite tired with having
neither company, books, nor amusement of any kind. Either from
the emptiness of the town, or that ten weeks of gout have worn
out the patience of all my acquaintance, but I do not see three
persons in three days. This gives me but an uncomfortable
prospect for my latter days: it is but probable that I may be a
cripple in a fit or two more, if I have strength to go through
them; and, as that will be long life, one outlives one's
acquaintance. I cannot make new acquaintance, nor interest
myself at all about the young, except those that belong to me;
nor does that go beyond contributing to their pleasures, without
having much satisfaction in their conversation-But-one must take
every thing as it comes, and make the best of it., I have had a
much happier life than I deserve, and than millions that deserve
better. I should be very weak if I could not bear the
uncomfortableness of old age, when I can afford what comforts it
is capable of. How many poor old people have none of them! I am
ashamed whenever I am peevish, and recollect that I have fire and
servants to help me.
I hear Admiral Keppel is in high spirits with the great respect
and zeal expressed for him. In my own opinion, his constitution
will not stand the struggle. I am very uneasy too for the Duke
of Richmond, who is at Portsmouth, and will be at least as much
agitated.
Sir William Meredith has written a large pamphlet, and a very
good one. It is to show, that whenever the Grecian republics
taxed their dependents, the latter resisted, and shook off the
yoke. He has printed but twelve copies: the Duke of Gloucester
sent me one of them. There is an anecdote of my father, on the
authority of old Jack White, which I doubt. It says, he would
not go on with the excise scheme, though his friends advised it,
I cannot speak to the particular event, as I was, then at school;
but it was more like him to have yielded, against his sentiments,
to Mr. Pelham and his candid--or say, plausible--and timid
friends. I have heard him say, that he never did give up his
opinion to such men but he always repented it. However, the
anecdote in the, book would be more to his honour. But what a
strange man is Sir William! I suppose, now he has written this
book, he will change his opinion, and again be for carrying on
the war--or, if he does not know his own mind for two years
together, why will he take places, to make every body doubt his
honesty?
(343) See ant`e, P. 125, letter 86.-E.
Letter 158 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
January 15, 1779. (page 213)
I sent you by Dr. Jacob, as you desired, my Life of Mr. Baker,
and with it your own materials. I beg you will communicate my
Manuscript to nobody, but if you think it worth your trouble I
will consent to your transcribing it; but on one condition, and a
silly one for Me to exact, who am as old as You, and broken to
pieces, and very unlikely to survive you; but, should so
improbable a thing happen, I must exact that you will keep your
transcript sealed up, with orders written on the cover to be
restored to me in case of an accident, for I should Certainly
dislike very much to see it printed without my consent. I should
not think of your copying it, if you did not love to transcribe,
and sometimes things of as little value as my manuscript. I
shall beg to have it returned to me by a safe hand as soon as you
can, for I have nothing but the foul copy, which nobody can read,
I believe, but I and my secretary.
I am actually printing my Justification about Chatterton, but
only two hundred copies to give away; for I hate calling in the
whole town to a fray, of which otherwise probably not one
thousand persons would ever hear. You shall have a copy as soon
as ever it is finished, which my printer says will be in three
weeks.
You know my printer is my secretary too: do not imagine I am
giving myself airs of a numerous household of officers. I shall
be glad to see the letter of Mr. Baker you mentioned. You will
perceive two or three notes in my manuscript in a different hand
from mine, or that of my amanuensis (still the same officer;)
they were added by a person I lent it to, and I have effaced part
of the last.
I must finish, lest Dr. Jacob should call, and my parcel not be
ready. I hope your sore throat is gone; my gout has returned
again a little with taking the air only, but did not stay--
however, I am still confined, and almost ready to remain so, to
prevent disappointment. Yours most sincerely.
Letter 159 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, Jan. 28, 1779. (page 214)
I write in as much hurry as you did, dear Sir, and thank you for
the motive of yours mine is to prevent your fatiguing yourself in
copying my manuscript, for which I am not in the least haste:
pray keep it till another safe conveyance presents itself. You
may bring the gout, that is, I am sorry to hear, flying about
you, into your hand by wearying it.
How can you tell me I may well be cautious about my manuscript
and yet advise me to print it?--No-I shall not provoke nests of
hornets, till I am dust, as they will be too.
If I dictated tales when ill in my bed, I must have been worse
than I thought; for, as I know nothing of it, I must have been
light-headed. Mr. Lort was certainly misinformed, though he
seems to have told you the story kindly to the honour of my
philosophy or spirits-but I had rather have no fame than what I
do not deserve.
I am fretful or low-spirited at times in the gout, like other
weak old men, and have less to boast than most men. I have some
strange things in my drawer, even wilder than the Castle of
Otranto, and called Hieroglyphic Tales; but they were not written
lately, nor in the gout, nor, whatever they may seem, written
when I was out of my senses. I showed one or two of them to a
person since my recovery, who may have mentioned them, and
occasioned Mr. Lort's misintelligence. I did not at all perceive
that the latter looked ill; and hope he is quite recovered. You
shall see Chatterton soon. Adieu!
Letter 160To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
February 4, 1779. (page 215)
I have received the manuscript, and though you forbid my naming
the subject more, I love truth, and truth in a friend so much,
that I must tell you, that so far from taking your sincerity ill,
I had much rather you should act with your native honest
sincerity than say you was pleased with my manuscript. I have
always tried as much as is in human nature to divest myself of
the self-love of an author; in the present case I had less
difficulty than ever, for I never thought my Life of Mr. Baker
one of my least indifferent works. You might, believe me, have
sent me your long letter; whatever it contained, it would not
have made a momentary cloud between us. I have not only
friendship, but great gratitude for you, for a thousand instances
of kindness; and should detest any writing of mine that made a
breach with a friend, and still more, if it could make me forget
obligations.
Letter 161 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
February 18, 1779. (page 215)
I sent you my Chattertoniad(344) last week,,in hopes it would
sweeten your pouting; but I find it has not, or has miscarried;
for You have not 'acknowledged the receipt with your usual
punctuality.
Have you seen Hasted's new History of Kent?(345) I am sailing
through it, but am stopped every minute by careless mistakes.
They tell me the author has good materials, but is very
negligent, and so I perceive, He has not even given a list of
monuments in the churches, which I do not remember in any history
of a county; but he is rich in pedigrees; though I suppose they
have many errors too, as I have found some in those I am
acquainted with- It is unpardonable to be inaccurate in a work in
which one nor expects nor demands any thing but fidelity.(346)
We have a great herald arising in a very noble race, Lord de
Ferrers. I hope to make him a Gothic architect too, for he is
going to repair Tamworth Castle and flatters me that I shall give
him sweet counseil! I enjoin him to kernellare. Adieu! Yours
ever.
(344) "A Letter to the Editor of the Miscellanies of Thomas
Chatterton." Strawberry Hill, 1779, 8vo.-E.
(345) "The History and Topographical Survey of the County of
Kent; by Edward Hasted," four volumes, folio, 1778-1799. A
second and improved edition, in twelve volumes, octavo, appeared
in 1797-1801. Mr. Hasted died in 1812 at the age of eighty.-E.
(346) in a memoir of himself, which, he drew up for the
Gentleman's Magazein, to be published after his death, he says,
"his laborious History of Kent took him more than forty years;
during the whole series of which
he spared neither pains nor expense to bring it to maturity."-E.
Letter 162 To Sir David Dalrymple.(347)
Arlington Street, March 12, 1779. (page 216)
I have received this moment from your bookseller, Sir, the
valuable present of the second volume of your "Annals," and beg
leave to return you my grateful thanks for so agreeable a gift,
of which I can only have taken a look enough to lament that you
do not intend to continue the work. Repeated and severe attacks
of the gout forbid my entertaining- visions of pleasures to come;
but though I might not have the advantage of your labours, Sir, I
wish too well to posterity not to be sorry that you check your
hand.
Lord Buchan did me the honour lately of consulting me on
portraits of illustrious Scots. I recollect that there is at
Windsor a very good portrait of your countryman Duns Scotus,(348)
whose name struck me on just turning over your volume. A good
print was made from that picture some years ago, but I believe it
is not very scarce: as it is not worth while to trouble his
lordship with another letter for that purpose only, may I take
the liberty, Sir, of begging you to mention it to his lordship?
(347) Now first collected.
(348) Granger considers the portrait of Windsor not to be
genuine. Of Duns Scotus, he says, "It requires one half of a
man's life to read the works of this profound doctor, and the ,
other to understand his subtleties. His printed works are in
twelve volumes in folio! His manuscripts are sleeping in Merton
College, Oxford. Voluminous works frequently arise from the
ignorance and confused ideas of the authors: if angels, says Mr.
Norris, were writers, we should have few folios. He was the head
of the sect of schoolmen called scotists. He died in 1308."-E.
Letter 163 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, March 28, 1779. (page 216)
Your last called for no answer; and I have so little to tell you,
that I only write to-day to avoid the air of remissness. I came
hither on Friday, for this last week has been too hot to stay in
London; but March is arrived this morning with his northeasterly
malice, and I suppose will assert his old-style claim to the
third of April. The poor infant apricots will be the victims to
that Herod of the almanack. I have been much amused with new
travels through Spain by a Mr. Swinburne(349)--at least with the
Alhambra, of the inner parts of which there are two beautiful
prints. The Moors were the most polished, and had the most taste
of any people in the Gothic ages; and I hate the knave Ferdinand
and his bigoted Queen for destroying them. These new travels are
simple, and do tell you a little more than late voyagers, by
whose accounts one would think there was nothing in Spain but
muleteers and fandangos. In truth, there does not seem to be
much worth seeing but prospects; and those, unless I were a bird,
I would never visit, when the accommodations are so wretched.
Mr. Cumberland has given the town a masque, called Calypso,(350)
which is a prodigy of dulness. Would you believe, that such a
sentimental Writer would be so gross as to make cantharides one
of the ingredients of a love-potion, for enamouring Telemachus?
If you think I exaggerate, here are the lines:
"To these, the hot Hispanian fly
Shall bid his languid pulse beat high."
Proteus and Antiope are Minerva's missioners for securing the
prince's virtue, and in recompense they are married and crowned
king and queen!
I have bought at Hudson's sale a fine design of a chimney-piece,
by Holbein, for Henry VIII. If I had a room left I would erect.
It is certainly not so Gothic as that in my Holbein room; but
there is a great deal of taste for that bastard style; perhaps it
was executed at Nonsuch. I do intend, under Mr. Essex's
inspection, to begin my offices next spring. It is late in my
day, I confess, to return to brick and mortar but I shall be glad
to perfect my plan, or the' next possessor will marry my castle
to a Doric stable. There is a perspective through two or three
rooms in the Alhambra, that might easily be improved into Gothic,
though there seems but small affinity between them; and they
might be finished within with Dutch tiles, and painting, or bits
of ordinary marble, as there must be gilding. Mosaic seems to be
their chief ornaments, for walls, ceilings, and floors. Fancy
must sport in the furniture, and mottos might be gallant, and
would be very Arabesque. I would have a mixture of colours, but
with a strict attention to harmony and taste; and some one should
predominate, as supposing it the favourite colour of the lady who
was sovereign of the knight's affections who built the house.
Carpets are classically Mahometans, and fountains--but, alas! our
climate till last summer was never romantic! Were I not so old, I
would at least build a Moorish novel-for you see my head Turns on
Granada-and by taking the most picturesque parts of the Mahometan
and Catholic religions, and with the mixture of African and
Spanish names, one might make something very agreeable--at least
I will not give the hint to Mr. Cumberland. Adieu! Yours ever.
(349) "Travels through Spain in the Years 1775 and 1776; in which
several Monuments of Roman and Moorish Architecture are
illustrated by accurate Drawings taken on the spot. By Henry
Swinburne." London, 1779, 4to. Mr. Swinburne also published, in
1783-5 his "Travels in the Two Sicilies during the Years
1777-8-9, and 1780." This celebrated traveller was the youngest
son of Sir John Swinburne, of Capheaton, Northumberland; the
long-established seat of that ancient Roman Catholic family.
Pecuniary embarrassments, arising from the marriage of his
daughter to Paul Benfield, Esq. and consequent involvement in
the misfortunes of that adventurer, induced him to obtain a Place
in the newly-ceded settlement of Trinidad, where he died in
1803.-E.
(350) "Calypso" was brought out at Covent-Garden theatre, but was
performed only a few nights. \ It was imprudently ushered in by
a prelude, in which the author treated the newspaper editors as a
set of unprincipled fellows.-E.
Letter 164 To Edward Gibbon, Esq.(351)
(1779.] (page 218)
The penetration, solidity, and taste, that made you the first of
historians, dear Sir, prevent my being surprised at your being
the best writer of controversial pamphlets too.(352) I have read
you with more precipitation than such a work deserved, but I
could not disobey you and detain it. Yet even in that hurry I
could discern, besides a thousand beauties and strokes of wit,
the inimitable eighty-third page, and the conscious dignity that
you maintain throughout, over your monkish antagonists. When you
are so superior in argument, it would look like insensibility to
the power of your reasoning, to select transient passages for
commendation; and yet I must mention one that pleased me
particularly, from the delicacy of the severity, and from its
novelty too; it is, bold is not the word. This is the feathered
arrow of Cupid, that is more formidable than the club of
Hercules. I need not specify thanks, when I prove how much I
have been pleased. Your most obliged.
(351) Now first collected.
(352) Gibbon's celebrated "Vindication" of the Fifteenth and
Sixteenth Chapters of his History appeared early in the year
1779. "I adhered," he says in his Memoirs, "to the wise
resolution of trusting myself and my writing to the candour of
the public, till Mr. Davis of Oxford presumed to attack, not the
faith but the fidelity of the historian. My Vindication,
expressive of less anger than contempt, amused for a moment the
busy and idle metropolis; and the most rational Part of the
laity, and even of the clergy, appear to have been satisfied of
my innocence and accuracy I would not print it in quarto, lest it
should be bound and preserved with the history itself At the
distance of twelve years, I calmly affirm my judgment of Davis,
Chelsum, etc. A victory over such antagonists was a sufficient
humiliation. They, however were rewarded in this world, Poor
Chelsum was, indeed, neglected; and I dare not boast the making
Dr. Watson a bishop: he is a prelate of a large mind and a
liberal spirit: but I enjoyed the pleasure of giving a royal
pension to Mr. Davis, and of collating Dr. Althorpe to an
archiepiscopal living."-E.
Letter 165 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, April 12, 1779. (page 218)
As your gout was so concise, I will not condole on it, but I am
sorry you are liable to it if you do but take the air. Thank you
for telling me of the vendible curiosities at the Alderman's.
For St. Peter's portrait to hang to a fairie's watch, I shall not
think of it, both as I do not believe it very like, and as it is
composed of invisible Writing, for which my eyes are not young
enough. In truth, I have almost left off making purchases: I
have neither room for any thing more, nor inclination for them,
as I reckon every thing very dear when One has so little time to
enjoy it. However, I cannot say but the plates by Rubens do
tempt me a little--yet, as I do not care to, buy even Rubens in a
poke, I should wish to know if the Alderman would let me see. if
it were but one. Would he be persuaded? I would pay for the
carriage, though I should not buy them.
Lord de Ferrers will be infinitely happy with the sight of the
pedigree, and I will certainly tell him of it, and how kind you
are.
Strype's account, or rather Stow's, of Richard's person is very
remarkable--but I have done with endeavouring at truth. Weeds
grow more naturally than what one plants. I hear your
Cantabrigians are still unshaken Chattertonians. Many men are
about falsehood like girls about the first man that makes love to
them: a handsomer, a richer, or even a sincerer lover cannot
eradicate the first impression--but a sillier swain, or a sillier
legend, sometimes gets into the head of a miss or the learned
man, and displaces the antecedent folly. Truth's kingdom is not
of this world.
I do not know whether our clergy are growing Mahometans or not:
they certainly are not what they profess themselves--but as you
and I should not agree perhaps in assigning the same defects to
them, I will not enter on a subject which I have promised you to
drop. All I allude to now is, the shocking murder of Miss
Ray(353) by a divine. In my own opinion we are growing more fit
for Bedlam, than for Mahomet's paradise. The poor criminal in
question, I am persuaded, is mad--and the misfortune is, the law
does not know how to define the shades of madness; and thus there
-are twenty outpensioners of Bedlam, for the one that is
confined. You, dear Sir, have chosen a wiser path to happiness
by depending on yourself for amusement. Books and past ages draw
one into no scrapes, and perhaps it is best not to know much of
men till they are dead. I wish you health -,You want nothing
else. I am, dear Sir, yours most truly.
(353) On the 7th of April, Miss Reay, who had been the mistress
of Lord Sandwich for twenty years, by whom she was the mother of
many children, was shot, on her leaving Covent-Garden theatre, by
the Rev. James Hackman, who had the living of Wiverton, in
Norfolk, a young man not half her age, who had imbibed a violent
passion for her, whom he first met at Lord Sandwich's seat at
Hinchinbroke, where he had been frequently invited to dine while
commanding a recruiting party at Huntingdon; he being, previously
to his entering the church, a lieutenant in the 68th regiment of
foot. Having shot Miss Reay, he fired a pistol at himself; but,
being only wounded by it, he was tried at the Old Bailey,
convicted, and executed.-E.
Letter 166 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, April 20, 1779. (page 219)
Dear Sir,
I have received the plates very safely, but hope You nor the
Alderman,(354) will take it ill that I return them. They are
extremely pretty, and uncommonly well preserved; but I am sure
they are not by Rubens, nor I believe after his designs, for I am
persuaded they are older than his time. In truth, I have a great
many Of the same sort, and do not wish for more. I shall send
them back on Thursday by the Fly, and will beg you to inquire
after them; and I trust they will arrive as safely as they did to
Yours ever.
(354) Alderman John Boydell, an English engraver; distinguished
as an encourager of the fine arts. In 1790 he held the office of
Lord Mayor of London, and died in 1804.-E.
Letter 167 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
April 23, 1779. (page 220)
I ought not to trouble you so often when you are not well; but
that is the very cause of my writing now. You left off abruptly
from disorder, and therefore I wish to know it is gone. The
plates I hope got home safe. They are pretty, especially the
reverses; but the drawing in general is bad.
Pray tell me what you mean by a priced catalogue of the pictures
at Houghton. Is it a printed one? if it is, where is it to be
had?--odd questions from me, and which I should not wish to have
mentioned as coming from me. I have been told to-day that they
are actually sold to the Czarina--sic transit! mortifying enough,
were not every thing transitory! we must recollect that our
griefs and pains are so, as well as our joys and glories; and, by
balancing the account, a grain of comfort is to be extracted!
Adieu! I shall be heartily glad to receive a better account of
you.
Letter 168 To Mrs. Abington.(355)
(1779.] (page 220)
Mr. Walpole cannot express how much he is mortified that he
cannot accept of Mrs. Abington's obliging invitation, as he had
engaged company to dine with him on Sunday at Strawberry-hill;
whom he would put off, if not foreigners who are leaving England.
Mr. Walpole hopes, however, that this accident will not prevent
an acquaintance, which his admiration of Mrs. Abington'S genius
has made him long desire; and which he hopes to cultivate at
Strawberry Bill, when her leisure will give him leave to trouble
her with an invitation.
(355) Now first collected.
Letter 169 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Arlington Street, May 21, 1779. (page 221)
As Mr. Essex has told me that you still continue out of order, I
am impatient to hear from yourself how you are. Do send me a
line: I hope it will be a satisfactory one. you know that Dr.
Ducarel has published a translation of a
History of the Abbey of Bec! There is a pretty print to it: and
one very curious circumstance, at least valuable to us disciples
of Alma Mater Etonensis. The ram-hunting was derived from the
manor of Wrotham in Norfolk, which formerly belonged to Bec, and
being forfeited, together with other alien priories, was bestowed
by Henry VI. on our college. I do not repine at reading any
book from which I can learn a single fact that I wish to know.
For the lives of the abbots, they were, according to the author,
all pinks of piety and holiness but there are few other facts
amusing, especially with regard to the customs of those savage
times-excepting that the Empress Matilda was buried in a bull's
hide, and afterwards had a tomb covered with silver. There is
another new book called "Sketches from Nature," in two volumes,
by Mr. G. Keate, in which I found one fact too, that, if
authentic, is worth knowing. The work is an imitation of Sterne,
and has a sort of merit, though nothing that arrives at
originality.
For the foundation of the church of Reculver, he quotes a
manuscript said to be written by a Dominican friar of Canterbury,
and preserved at Louvain. The story is evidently metamorphosed
into a novel. and has very little of an antique air; but it
affirms that the monkish author attests the beauty of Richard
III. This is very absurd, if invention has nothing to do with
the story; and therefore one should suppose it genuine. I have
desired Dodsley to ask Mr. Keate, if there truly exists such, a
manuscript: if there does, I own I wish he had printed it rather
than his own production; for I am with Mr. Gray, "that any man
living may make a book worth reading, if he will but set down
with truth what he has seen or heard, no matter whether the book
is well written or not." Let those who can write, glean.
Letter 170 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Arlington Street, May 22, 1779. (page 221)
If you hear of us no oftener than we of you, you will be as much
behindhand in news as my Lady Lyttelton. We have seen a
traveller that saw you in your island,(356) but it sounds like
hearing of Ulysses. Well! we must be content.
YOU are not only not dethroned, but owe the safety of your
dominions to your own skill in fortification. if we do not hear
of your extending your conquests, why, is it not less than all
our modern heroes have done, whom prophets have foretold and
gazettes celebrated--or who have foretold and celebrated
themselves. Pray be content to be cooped up in an island that
has no neighbours, when the Howes and Clintons and Dunmores and
Burgoynes and Campbells are not yet got beyond the great river--
Inquiry!(357) To-day's papers say, that the little Prince of
Orange(358) is to invade you again; but we trust Sir James
Wallace has clipped his wings so close, that they will not grow
again this season, though he is so ready to fly.
Nothing material has happened since I wrote last-so, as every
moment of a civil war is precious, every one has been turned to
the interest of diversion. There have been three masquerades, an
Installation, and the ball of the knights at the Haymarket this
week; not to mention Almack's festino, Lady Spencer's, Ranelagh
and Vauxhall, operas and plays. The Duchess of Bolton too saw
masks--so many, that the floor gave way, and the company in the
dining-room were near falling on the heads of those in the
parlour, and exhibiting all that has not yet appeared in Doctors'
Commons. At the knights' ball was such a profusion of
strawberries, that people could hardly get into the supper-room.
I could tell you more, but I do not love to exaggerate. Lady
Ailesbury told me this morning that Lord Bristol has got a calf
with two feet to each leg--I am convinced it is by the Duchess
of Kingston, who has got two of every thing where others have but
one.(359) Adieu! I am going to sup with Mrs. Abington--and hope
Mrs. Clive will not hear of it.
(356) Mr. Conway was now at his government of Jersey.
(357) The parliamentary inquiry which took place in the House of
Commons on the conduct of the American war.
(358) The Prince of Nassau, who had commanded the attack upon
Jersey, claiming relationship to the great house of Nassau Mr.
Walpole calls him the "little Prince of Orange." Gibbon, in a
letter to Mr. Holroyd, of the 7th, says, "You have heard of the
Jersey invasion; every body praises Arbuthnot's decided spirit.
Conway went last night to throw himself into the island."-E.
(359) "Do you know, my lord," said the Duchess, then Miss
Chudleigh, to Lord Chesterfield, "the world says I have had
twins!" "Does it?" said his lordship; "I make a point of
believing only one-half of what it says."-E.
Letter 171 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 2, 1779. (page 222)
I am most sincerely rejoiced, dear Sir, that you find yourself at
all better, and trust it is an omen of farther amendment. Mr.
Essex surprised me by telling me, that you, who keep yourself so
warm and so numerously clothed, do yet sometimes, if the sun
shines, sit and write in your garden for hours at a time. It is
more than I should readily do, whose habitudes are so very
different from yours. Your complaints seem to demand
perspiration--but I do not venture to advise. I understand no
constitution but my own, and should kill Milo, if I managed him
as I treat myself. I sat in a window on Saturday, with the east
wind blowing on my neck till near two in the morning-and it seems
to have done me good, for I am better within these two days than
I have been these six months. My spirits have been depressed,
and my nerves so aspen, that the smallest noise disturbed me.
To-day I do not feel a complaint; which is something at near
sixty-two.
I don't know whether I have not misinformed you, nor am sure it
was Dr. Ducarel who translated the account of the Abbey of Bec--
he gave it to Mr. Lort; but I am not certain he ever published
it. You was the first that notified to me the fifth volume of
the Archaeologia--I am not much more edified than usual; but
there are three pretty prints of Reginal Seats. Mr. Pegge's
tedious dissertation, which he calls a brief one, about the
foolish legend of St. George, is despicable: all his arguments
are equally good for proving the existence of the dragon. What
diversion might laughers make of the society! Dolly Pentraeth,
the old woman of Mousehole, and Mr. Penneck's nurse. p. 81, would
have furnished Foote with two personages for a farce. The same
grave dissertation on patriarchal customs seems to have as much
to do with British antiquities, as the Lapland: witches that sell
wind--and pray what business has the Society With Roman
inscriptions in Dalmatia! I am most pleased With the account of
Nonsuch, imperfect as it is: it appears to have been but a villa,
and not considerable for a royal one. You see lilacs were then a
novelty. Well, I am glad they publish away. The vanity of
figuring in these repositories will make many persons contribute
their manuscripts, and every now and then something valuable Will
come to light, which its own intrinsic merit might not have
saved.
\
I know nothing more of Houghton. I should certainly be glad to
have the priced catalogue; and if you will lend me yours, my
printer shall transcribe it-but I am in no hurry. I Conceive
faint hopes, as the sale is not concluded: however, I take care
not to flatter myself.
I think I told you I had purchased, at Mr. Ives's sale, a
handsome coat in painted glass, of Hobart impaling Boleyn--but I
can find no such match in my pedigree--yet I have heard that
Blickling belonged to Ann Boleyn's father. Pray reconcile all
this to me. '
Lord de Ferrers is to dine here on Saturday; and I have got to
treat him with an account of ancient painting, formerly in the
hall of Tammworth Castle; they are mentioned in Warton's
Observations on the Fairy Queen, Vol i. p. 43.
Do not put yourself' to pain to answer this--only be assured I
shall be happy to know when you are able to write with ease. You
must leave Your cloister, if Your transcribing leaves you.
Believe me, dear Sir, Ever most truly.
Letter 172 To The Rev. Dr. Lort.
Strawberry Hill, June 4, 1779. (page 224)
I am sorry, dear Sir, you could not let me have the pleasure of
your company; but, I own, you have partly, not entirely, made me
amends by the sight of your curious manuscript, which I return
you, with your other book of inaugurations.
The sight of the manuscript was particularly welcome to me,
because the long visit of Henry VI. and his uncle Gloucester, to
St. Edmund's Bury, accounts for those rare altar tablets that I
bought at Mr. Ives's sale, on which are incontestably the
portraits of Duke Humphrey, Cardinal Beaufort, and the same
archbishop that is in my Marriage of Henry VI. I know the house
of Lancaster were patrons of St. Edmund's Bury; but so long a
visit is demonstration.
The fourth person on my panels is unknown. Over his head is a
coat of arms. but may be that of W. Curteys the abbot, or the
alderman, as he is in scarlet. His figure and the Duke's are far
superior to the other two, and worthy of a good Italian master.
The Cardinal and the Archbishop are in the dry hard manner of the
age. I wish you would call and look at them; they are at Mr.
Bonus's in Oxford-road; the two prelates are much damaged. I
peremptorily enjoined Bonus to repair only, and not to repaint
them; and thus, by putting him out of his way, I have put him so
much out of humour too, that he has kept them these two years,
and not finished them yet. I design them for the four void
spaces in my chapel, on the sides of the shrine. The Duke of
Gloucester's face is so like, though younger, that it proves I
guessed right at his figure in my Marriage. The tablets came out
of the abbey of Bury; were procured by old Peter Le Neve, Norroy;
and came by his widow's marriage to Tom Martin, at whose sale Mr.
Ives bought them. We have very few princely portraits so
ancient, so authentic, and none so well painted as the Duke and
fourth person. These were the insides of the doors, which I had
split into two, and value them extremely. This account I think
will be more satisfactory to you than notes.
Pray tell me how you like the pictures when you have examined
them. I shall search in Edmondson's new Vocabulary of Arms for
the coat which contains three bulls' heads on six pieces; but the
colours are either white and black. or the latter is become so
by time. I hope you are not going out of town yet; I shall
probably be there some day in next week.
I see advertised a book something in the way of your
inaugurations, called Le Costume; do you know any thing of it?
Can YOU tell me who is the author of the Second Anticipation on
the Exhibition? Is not it Barry the painter?
Letter 173 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Saturday, June 5, 1779. (page 225)
I write to you more seldom than I am disposed to do, from having
nothing positive to tell you, and from being unwilling to say and
unsay every minute something that is reported positively. The
confident assertions of the victory over D'Estaing are totally
vanished-and they who invented them, now declaim as bitterly
against Byron, as if he had deceived them-and as they did against
Keppel. This day se'nnight there was a great alarm about
Ireland-which was far from being all invention, though not an
absolute insurrection, as it was said." The case, I believe, was
this:-The court, in order to break the volunteer army established
by the Irish themselves, endeavoured to persuade a body in Lady
Blayney's county of Monaghan to enlist in the militia--which they
took indignantly. They said, they had great regard for Lady
Blayney and Lord Clermont; but to act under them, would be acting
under the King, and that was by no means their intention. There
have since been motions for inquiries what steps the ministers
have taken to satisfy the Irish-and these they have imprudently
rejected-which will not tend to pacification. The ministers have
been pushed too on the article of Spain, and could not deny that
all negotiation is at an end--though they will not own farther.
However, the Spanish ambassador is much out of humour. From
Paris they write confidently of the approaching declaration;(360)
and Lord Sandwich, I hear, has said in a very mixed company, that
it was folly not to expect it. There is another million asked,
and given on a vote of credit; and Lord North has boasted of such
mines for next year,,that one would think he believed next year
would never Come.
The Inquiry(361) goes on,
and Lord Harrington did honour himself and Burgoyne. Barr`e and
Governor Johnstone have had warm words,(362) and Burke has been
as frantic for the Roman Catholics as Lord George Gordon against
them. The Parliament, it is said, is to rise on the 21st.
YOU Will not collect from all this that our prospect clears up.
I fear there is not more discretion in the treatment of Ireland
than of America. The court seems to-be infatuated and to think
that nothing is of any consequence but a majority in
Parliament-though they have totally lost all power but that of
provoking. Fortunate it had been for the- King and kingdom, had
the court had no majority for these six years! America had still
been ours -and all the lives and all the millions we have
squandered! A majority that has lost thirteen provinces by
bullying and vapouring, and the most childish menaces, will be a
brave countermatch for France and Spain, and a rebellion in
Ireland! In short, it is plain that there is nothing a majority
in Parliament can do, but outvote a minority; and by their own
accounts one would think they could not even do that. I saw a
paper t'other day that began with this Iriscism, "As the minority
have lost us thirteen provinces," etc. I know nothing the
minority have done, or been suffered to do, but restore the Roman
Catholic religion-and that too was by the desire of the court.
This is however the present style. They announced with infinite
applause a new production of Tickell:--it has appeared, and is a
most paltry performance. It is called the Cassette Verte of M.
de Sartine, and pretends to be his correspondence with the
opposition. Nay, they are so pitifully mean as to laugh at Dr.
Franklin, who has such thorough reason to sit and laugh at them.
What triumph it must be to him to see a miserable pamphlet all
the revenge they can take! There is another, still duller, called
Opposition Mornings, in which you are lugged in. In truth, it is
a compliment to any man to except him out of the number of those
that have contributed to the shocking disgraces inflicted on this
undone country. When Lord Chatham was minister, he never replied
to abuse but by a victory.
I know no private news: I have been here ever since Tuesday,
enjoying my tranquillity, as much as an honest man can do who
sees his country ruined. It is just such a period as makes
philosophy wisdom. There are great moments when every man is
called on to exert himself-but when folly, infatuation, delusion,
incapacity, and profligacy fling a nation away, and it concurs
itself, and applauds its destroyers, a man who has lent no hand
to the mischief, and can neither prevent nor remedy the mass of
evils, is fully justified in sitting aloof and beholding the
tempest rage, with silent scorn and indignant compassion. Nay, I
have, I own, some comfortable reflections. I rejoice that there
is still a great continent of Englishmen who will remain free and
independent, and who laugh at the impotent majorities of a
prostitute Parliament. I care not whether General Burgoyne and
Governor Johnstone cross over and figure in, and support or
oppose; nor whether Mr. Burke, or the superior of the Jesuits, is
high commissioner to the kirk of Scotland. My ideas are such as
I have always had, and are too plain and simple to comprehend
modern confusions; and, therefore, they suit with those of few
men. What will be the issue of this chaos, I know not, and,
probably, shall not see. I do see with satisfaction, that what
was meditated has failed by the grossest folly; and when one has
escaped the worst, lesser evils must be endured with patience.
After this dull effusion, I will divert you with a story that
made me laugh this morning till I cried. You know my Swiss
David, and his incomprehensible pronunciation. He came to me,
and said, "Auh! dar is Meses Ellis wants some of your large flags
to put in her great O." With much ado, I found out that Mrs.
Ellis had sent for leave to take up some flags out of my meadow
for her grotto.
I hope in a few days to see Lady Ailesbury and Miss Jennings
here; I have writ to propose it. What are your intentions? Do
you stay till you have made your island impregnable? I doubt it
will be our only one that will be so.
(360) On the breaking out of the war between this country and
America, Spain had offered to mediate between them; but,
receiving a refusal, she at once declared herself a principal in
the war and ready to fulfil the terms of the family compact.-E.
(361) The Inquiry into the Conduct of the American war.
(362) In the course of a debate in the House of Commons, on the
3d of June,
Governor Johnstone told Colonel Barr`e, that he was making a
scaramouch of himself. The Colonel got up to demand an
explanation, but the Speaker put an end to the altercation.-E.
Letter 174 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, June 16, 1779. (page 227)
Your Countess was here last Thursday, and received a letter from
you, that told us how slowly you receive ours. When you will
receive this I cannot guess; but it dates a new era, which you
with reason did not care to look at as possible. In a word,
behold a Spanish war! I must detail a little to increase your
wonder. I heard here the day before yesterday that it was
likely; and that night received a letter from Paris, telling me
(it was of the 6th) that Monsieur de Beauveau was going, they
knew not whither, at the head of twenty-five thousand men, with
three lieutenant-generals and six or eight mar`echaux de camp
under him. Yesterday I went to town, and Thomas Walpole happened
to call on me. He, who used to be informed early, did not
believe a word either of a Spanish war or a French expedition. I
saw some other persons in the evening as ignorant. At night I
went to sup at Richmond-house. The Duke said the Brest fleet was
certainly sailed, and had got the start of ours by twelve days:
that Monsieur de Beauveau was on board with a large sum of money,
and with white and red cockades; and that there would certainly
be a Spanish war. He added, that the Opposition were then
pressing in the House of Commons to have the Parliament continue
sitting, and urging to know if we were not at the eve of a
Spanish war; but the ministers persisted in the prorogation ,for
to-morrow or Friday, and would not answer on Spain.
I said I would make you wonder-But no-Why should the Parliament
continue to sit? Are not the ministers and the Parliament the
same thing? And how has either House shown that it has any
talent for war?
The Duke of Richmond does not guess whither the Brest fleet is
gone. He thinks, if to Ireland, we should have known it by this
time. He has heard that the Prince of Beauveau has said he was
going on an expedition that would be glorious in the eyes of
posterity. asked, if that might not mean Gibraltar? The Duke
doubts, but hopes it, as he thinks it no wise measure on their
side: yet he was very melancholy, as you will be, on this heavy
accession to our distresses.
Well! here we are, aris et
focis and all at stake! What can we be meaning? Unable to
conquer America before she was assisted--scarce able to keep
France at bay--are we a match for both, and Spain too? What can
be our view? nay, what can be Our expectation? I sometimes
think we reckon it will be more creditable to be forced by France
and Spain to give up America, than to have the merit with the
latter of doing it with grace.-But, as Cato says,
"I'm weary of conjectures--this must end them;"
that is, the sword:--and never, I believe, did a Country Plunge
itself into such difficulties step by step, and for six years,
together, without once recollecting that each foreign war
rendered the object of the civil war more unattainable; and that
in both the foreign wars we have not an object in prospect.
Unable to recruit our remnant of an army in America, are we to
make conquests on France and Spain? They may choose their
attacks: we can scarce choose what we will defend.
Ireland, they say, is more temperate than was expected. That is
some consolation-yet many fear the Irish will be tempted to unite
with America, which would throw all that trade into their
convenient harbours; and I own I have apprehensions that the
Parliament's rising without taking a step in their favour may
offend them. Surely at least we have courageous ministers. I
thought my father a stout man:--he had not a tithe of their
spirit.
The town has wound up the season perfectly in character by a
f`ete at the Pantheon by subscription. Le Texier managed it; but
it turned out sadly. The company was first shut into the
galleries to look down on the supper, then let to descend to it.
Afterwards they were led into the subterraneous apartment, which
was laid with mould, and planted with trees, and crammed with
nosegays: but the fresh earth, and the dead leaves, and the
effluvia of breaths made such a stench and moisture, that they
were suffocated; and when they remounted, the legs and wings of
chickens, and remnants Of ham (for the supper was not removed)
poisoned them more. A druid in an arbour distributed verses to
the ladies; then the Baccelli(363) and the dancers of the Opera
danced; and then danced the company; and then it being morning,
and the candles burnt out, the windows were opened; and then the
stewed-danced assembly were such shocking figures, that they fled
like ghosts as they looked.--I suppose there
will be no more balls unless the French land, and then we shall
show we do not mind it.
Thus I have told you all I know. You will ponder over these
things in your little distant island, when we have forgotten
them. There is another person, one Doctor Franklin, who, I
fancy, is not sorry that we divert ourselves so well. Yours
ever.
(363) After the departure of Mademoiselle Heinel, no dancing so
much delighted the frequenters of the Opera as that of
Mademoiselle Baccelli and M. Vestris le jeune.-E.
Letter 175 To The Hon. George Hardinge.(364)
Strawberry Hill, July 4, 1779. (page 229)
I have now received the drawings of Grignan, and know not how to
express my satisfaction and gratitude but by a silly witticism
that is like the studied quaintness of the last age. In short,
they are so much more beautiful than I expected, that I am not
surprised at your having surprised me by exceeding even what I
expected from your well-known kindness to me; they are charmingly
executed, and with great taste. I own too that Grignan is
grander, and in a much finer situation, than I had imagined; as I
concluded that the witchery of Madame de S`evign`e's ideas and
style had spread the same leaf-gold over places with which she
gilded her friends. All that has appeared of them since the
publication of her letters has lowered them. A single letter of
her daughter, that to Paulina, with a description of the Duchess
of Bourbon's toilette, is worthy of the mother. Paulina's own
letters contain not a little worth reading: one just divines that
she might have written well if she had had any thing to write
about (which, however, would not have signified to her
grandmother.) Coulanges was a silly good-humoured glutton, that
flattered a rich widow for her dinners. His wife was sensible,
but dry, and rather peevish at growing old. Unluckily nothing
more has come to light of Madame de S`evign`e's son, whose short
letters in the collection I am almost profane enough to prefer to
his mother's; and which makes me astonished that she did not love
his wit, so unaffected, and so congenial to her own, in
preference to the eccentric and sophisticated reveries of her
sublime and ill-humoured daughter. Grignan alone maintains its
dignity, and shall be consecrated here among other monuments of
that bewitching period, and amongst which one loves to lose
oneself, and drink oblivion of an era so very unlike; for the
awkward bigots to despotism of our time have not Madame de
S`evign`e's address, nor can paint an Indian idol with an hundred
hands as graceful as the Apollo of the Belvidere. When will you
come and accept my thanks? will Wednesday next suit you? But do
you know that I must ask you not to leave your gown behind You,
which indeed I never knew you put on Willingly, but to come in
it. I shall want your protection at Westminster Hall. Yours
most cordially.
(364) Son of Nicholas Hardinge, Esq. one of the joint secretaries
of the treasury, and member for the borough of Eye. He was
educated at Eton school, and finished his studies at Trinity
College, Cambridge, where Dr. Watson was his tutor, He was called
to the bar in 1769, and was subsequently appointed solicitor-
general to the Queen. in 1787, he was made a Welsh judge, and
died in 1816. In 1818, the works of this clever and eccentric
scholar were published, with an account of his life, by Mr. John
Nichols.-E.
Letter 176 To The Countess Of Ailesbury.
Saturday night, July 10, 1779. (page 230)
I could not thank your ladyship before the post went out to-day,
as I was getting into my chaise to go and dine at Carshalton with
my cousin Thomas Walpole when I received your kind inquiry about
my eye. It is quite well again, and I hope the next attack of
the gout will be any where rather than in that quarter.
I did not expect Mr. Conway would think of returning just now.
As you have lost both Mrs. Damer and Lady William Campbell, I do
not see why your ladyship should not go to Goodwood.
The Baroness's increasing peevishness does not surprise me. When
people will not weed their own minds, they are apt to be overrun
with nettles. She knows nothing of politics, and no wonder talks
nonsense about them. It is silly to wish three nations had but
one neck; but it is ten times more absurd to act as if it was so,
which the government has done;--ay, and forgetting, too, that it
has not a scimitar large enough to sever that neck, which they
have in effect made one. It is past the time, Madam, of making
Conjectures. How can one guess whither France and Spain will
direct a blow that is in their option? I am rather inclined to
think that they will have patience to ruin us in detail.
Hitherto France and America have carried their points by that
manoeuvre. Should there be an engagement at sea, and the French
and Spanish fleets, by their great superiority, have the
advantage, one knows not what might happen. Yet, though there
are such large preparations making on the French coast, I do not
much expect a serious invasion, as they are sure they can do us
more damage by a variety of other attacks, where we can make
little resistance. Gibraltar and Jamaica can but be the
immediate objects of Spain. Ireland is much worse guarded than
this island:--nay, we must be undone by our expense, should the
summer pass without any attempt. My cousin thinks they will try
to destroy Portsmouth and Plymouth--but I have seen nothing in
the present
French ministry that looks like bold enterprise. We are much
more adventurous, that set every thing to the hazard: but there
are such numbers of baronesses that both talk and act with
passion, that one would think the nation had lost its senses.
Every thing has miscarried that has been undertaken, and the
worse we succeed, the more is risked;--yet the nation is not
angry! How can one conjecture during such a delirium? I
sometimes almost think I must be in the wrong to be of so
contrary an opinion to most men--yet, when every Misfortune that
has happened had been foretold by a few, why should I not think I
have been in the right? Has not almost every single event that
has been announced as prosperous proved a gross falsehood, and
often a silly one? Are we not at this moment assured that
Washington cannot possibly amass an army of above 8000 men! and
yet Clinton, with 20,000 men, and with the hearts, as we are
told, too, of three parts of the colonies, dares not show his
teeth without the walls of New York? Can I be in the wrong in not
believing what is so contradictory to my senses We could not
Conquer America when it stood alone; then France supported it,
and we did not mend the matter. To make it still easier, we have
driven Spain into the alliance. Is this wisdom? Would it be
presumption, even if one were single, to think that we must have
the worst in such a contest? Shall I be like the mob, and expect
to conquer France and Spain, and then thunder upon America? Nay,
but the higher mob do not expect such success. They would not be
so angry at the house of Bourbon, if not morally certain that
those kings destroy all our passionate desire and expectation of
conquering America. We bullied, and threatened, and begged, and
nothing would do. Yet independence was still the word. Now we
rail at the two monarchs--and when they have banged us, we shall
sue to them as humbly as We did to the Congress. All this my
senses, such as they are, tell me has been and will be the case.
What is worse, all Europe is of the same opinion; and though
forty thousand baronesses may be ever SO angry, I venture to
prophesy that we shall make but a very foolish figure whenever we
are so lucky as to obtain a peace; and posterity, that may have
prejudices of its own, will still take the liberty to pronounce,
that its ancestors were a woful set of politicians from the year
1774 to--I wish I knew when.
If I might advise, I would recommend Mr. Burrell to command the
fleet in the room of Sir Charles Hardy. The fortune of the
Burrells is powerful enough to baffle calculation. Good night,
Madam!
P. S. I have not written to Mr. Conway since this day sevennight,
not having a teaspoonful of news to send him. I will beg your
ladyship to tell him so.
Letter 177 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, July 12, 1779. (page 231)
I am concerned, dear sir, that you gave yourself the trouble of
transcribing the catalogue and prices, which I received last
night, and for which I am exceedingly obliged to you. Partial as
I am to the pictures at Houghton, I confess I think them much
overvalued. My father's whole collection, of which alone he had
preserved the prices, cost but 40,000 pounds; and after his death
there were three sales of pictures, among which were all the
whole-lengths of Vandyke but three, which had been sent to
Houghton, but not fitting any of the ,spaces left, came back to
town. Few of the rest sold were very fine, but no doubt Sir
Robert had paid as dear for many of them; as purchasers are not
perfect connoisseurs at first. Many of the valuations are not
only exorbitant, but injudicious. They who made the estimate
seem to have considered the rarity of the hands more than the
excellence. Three-The, Magi's Offering, by Carlo Maratti, as it
is called, and two supposed Paul Veronese,-are very indifferent
copies, and yet all are roundly valued, and the first
ridiculously. I do not doubt of another picture in the
collection but the Last Supper, by Raphael, and yet this is set
down at 500 pounds. I miss three pictures, at least they are not
set down, the Sir Thomas Wharton, and Laud and Gibbons. The
first is most capital; yes, I recollect I have had some doubts on
the Laud, though the University of Oxford once offered 400 pounds
for it--and if Queen Henrietta is by Vandyke, it is a very
indifferent One. The affixing a higher value to the Pietro
Cortona than to the octagon Guido is most absurd--I have often
gazed on the latter, and preferred it even to the Doctor's. In
short, the appraisers were determined to see what the Czarina
Could give, rather than what the pictures were really worth--I am
glad she seems to think so, for I hear no more of the sale--it is
not very wise in me still to concern myself, at my age, about
what I have SO little interest in-it is still less wise to be so
anxious on trifles, when one's country is sinking. I do not know
which is most Mad, my nephew, or our ministers--both the one and
the other increase my veneration for the founder of Houghton!
I will not rob you of the prints you mention, dear Sir; one of
them at least I know Mr. Pennant gave me. I do not admire him
for his punctiliousness with you. Pray tell me the name Of your
glass-painter; I do not think I shall want him, but it is not
impossible. Mr. Essex agreed With me, that Jarvis's windows for
Oxford, after Sir Joshua Reynolds, will not succeed. Most of his
colours are opake, and their great beauty depending on a spot of
light for Sun or moon, is an imposition. When his paintings are
exhibited at Charing-cross, all the rest of the room is darkened
to relieve them. That cannot be done at New College; or if done,
the chapel would be too dark. If there are other lights, the
effect will be lost.
This sultry weather will, I hope, quite restore YOU; People need
not go to Lisbon and Naples, if we continue to have such summers.
Yours most sincerely.
Letter 178 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, August 12, 1779. (page 232)
I write from decency, dear Sir, not from having any thing
particular to say, but to thank you for your offer of letting me
see the arms of painted glass; which, however, I will decline,
lest it should be broken, and as at present I have no occasion to
employ the painter. If I build my offices, perhaps I may have;
but I have dropped that thought for this year. The disastrous
times do not inspire expense. Our alarms, I conclude, do not
ruffle your hermitage. We are returning to our state of
islandhood, and shall have little, I believe, to boast but of
what we have been.
I see a History of Alien Priories announced;(365) do you know any
thing of it, or of the author? I am ever yours.
(365) This was Mr. Gough's well-known work, entitled "Some
Account of the Alien Priories, and of such Lands as they are
known to have possessed in England and Wales," in two volumes
octavo.-E.
Letter 179 To The Countess Of Ailesbury.
Strawberry Hill, Friday night, 1779. (page 233)
I am not at all surprised, my dear Madam, at the intrepidity of
Mrs. Damer;(366) she always was the heroic daughter of a hero.
Her sense and coolness never forsake her. I, who am not so firm,
shuddered at your ladyship's account. Now that she has stood
fire for four hours, I hope she will give as clear proofs of her
understanding, of which I have as high opinion as of her courage,
and not return in any danger.
I am to dine at Ditton to-morrow, and will certainly talk on the
subject You recommend; yet I am far, till I have heard more, from
thinking with your ladyship, that more troops and artillery at
Jersey would be desirable. Any considerable quantity of either,
especially of the former, cannot be spared at this moment, when
so big a cloud 'hangs over this island, nor would any number
avail if the French should be masters at sea. A large garrison
would but tempt the French thither, were it but to distress this
country; and, what is worse, would encourage Mr. Conway to make
an impracticable defence. If he is to remain in a situation so
unworthy of him, I confess I had rather he was totally incapable
of making any defence. I love him enough not to murmur at his
exposing himself where his country and his honour demand him; but
I would not have him measure himself in a place untenable against
very superior force. My present comfort is, as to him, that
France at this moment has a far vaster object. I have good
reason to believe the government knows that a great army is ready
to embark at St. Maloes, but will not stir till after a
sea-fight, which we do not know but may be engaged at this
moment. Our fleet is allowed to be the finest ever set forth by
this country; but it is inferior in number by seventeen ships to
the united squadron of the Bourbons. France, if successful,
means to pour in a vast many thousands on us, and has threatened
to burn the capital itself, Jersey, my dear Madam, does not enter
into a calculation of such magnitude. The moment is singularly
awful; yet the vaunts of enemies are rarely executed successfully
and ably. Have we trampled America under our foot?
You have too good sense, Madam, to be imposed upon by my
arguments, if they are insubstantial. You do know that I have
had my terrors for Mr. Conway; but at present they are out of the
question, from the insignificance of his island. DO not listen
to rumours, nor believe a single one till it has been canvassed
over and over. Fear, folly, fifty Motives, Will coin new reports
every hour at such a conjuncture. When one is totally void of
credit and power, patience is the only wisdom. I have seen
dangers still more imminent. They were dispersed. Nothing
happens in proportion to what is meditated. Fortune, whatever
fortune is, is more constant than is the common notion. I do not
give this as one of my solid arguments, but I have encouraged
myself in being superstitious on the favourable side. I never,
like most superstitious people, believe auguries against my
wishes. We have been fortunate in the escape of Mrs. Damer, and
in the defeat at Jersey even before Mr. Conway arrived-, and
thence I depend on the same future prosperity. From the
authority of persons who do not reason on such airy hopes, I am
seriously persuaded, that if the fleets engage, the enemy will
not gain advantage without deep-felt loss, enough probably to
dismay their invasion. Coolness may succeed, and then
negotiation. Surely, if we, can weather the summer, we shall,
obstinate as we are against conviction, be compelled by the want
of money to relinquish our ridiculous pretensions, now proved to
be utterly impracticable; for, with an inferior navy at home, can
we assert sovereignty over America? It is a contradiction in,
terms and in fact. It may be hard of digestion to relinquish it,
but it is impossible to pursue it. Adieu, my dear Madam! I have
not left room for a line more.
(366) The packet in which she was crossing from Dover to Ostend
was taken by a French frigate, after a running fight of several
hours.
Letter 180 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 13, 1779. (page 234)
I am writing to you at random; not knowing whether or when this
letter will go: but your brother told me last night that an
officer, whose name I have forgot, was arrived from Jersey, and
would return to you soon. I am sensible how very seldom I have
written to you-but you have been few moments out of my thoughts.
What they have been, you who know me so minutely may well guess,
and why they do not pass my lips. Sense, experience,
circumstances, can teach One to command one's self. outwardly,
but do not divest a most friendly heart of its feelings. I
believe the state of my Mind has contributed to bring on a very
weak and decaying body my present disorders. I have not been
well the whole summer; but for these three weeks much otherwise.
It has at last ended in the gout, which to all appearance will be
a short fit.
On public affairs I cannot speak. Every thing is so exaggerated
on all sides, that what grains of truth remain in the sieve would
appear cold and insipid; and the great manoeuvres you learn as
soon as I. In the naval battle between Byron and D'Estaing, our
captains were worthy of any age in our story.
You may imagine how happy I am at Mrs. Damer's return, and at her
not being at Naples, as she was likely to have been, at the
dreadful explosion of Vesuvius.(367) Surely it will have glutted
Sir William's rage for volcanoes! How poor Lady Hamilton's nerves
stood it I do not conceive. Oh, mankind! mankind! Are there not
calamities enough in store for us, but must destruction be our
amusement and pursuit?
I send this to Ditton,(368) where it may wait some days; but I
would not suffer a sure opportunity to slip without a line. You
are more obliged to me for all I do not say, than for whatever
eloquence itself could pen.
P. S. I unseal my letter to add, that undoubtedly you will come
to the Meeting of Parliament, which will be in October. Nothing
can or ever did make me advise you to take a step unworthy of
yourself. But surely you have higher and more sacred duties than
the government of a mole-hill!
(367) On the 10th of August when the eruption was so great, that
several villages were destroyed; a hunting seat belonging to the
King of Naples, called Caccia Bella, shared the like fate.-E.
(368) Where Lord Hertford had then a
villa.
Letter 181 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Nov. 16, 1779. (page 235)
You ought not to accuse yourself only, when I have been as silent
as you. Surely we have been friends too long to admit ceremony
as a go-between. I have thought of writing to you several times,
but found I had nothing worth telling you. I am rejoiced to hear
your health has been better: mine has been worse the whole summer
and autumn than ever it was without any positive distemper, and
thence I conclude it is a failure in my constitution-of which,
being a thing of course, we will say no more-nobody but a
physician is bound to hear what he cannot cure-and if we will pay
for what we cannot expect, it is our own fault.
I have seen Doctor Lort, who seems pleased with becoming a limb
of Canterbury. I heartily wish the mitre may not devolve before
it has beamed substantially on him. In the meantime he will be
delighted with ransacking the library at Lambeth; and, to do him
justice, his ardour is literary, not interested.
I am much obliged to you, dear Sir, for taking the trouble of
transcribing Mr. Tyson's Journal, which is entertaining. But I
am so Ignorant as not to know where Hatfield Priory is. The
three heads I remember on the gate at Whitehall; there were five
more. The whole demolished structure was transported to the
great Park at Windsor, by the late Duke of Cumberland, who
intended to re-edify it, but never did; and now I suppose
Its ruins ruined, as its Place no more.
I did not know what was become of the heads, and am glad any are
preserved. I should doubt their being the works of Torregiano.
Pray who is Mr. Nichols, who has published the Alien Priories;
there are half a dozen or more pretty views of French cathedrals.
I cannot say that I found any thing else in the book that amused
me-but as you deal more in ancient lore than I do, perhaps you
might be better pleased.
I am told there is a new History of Gloucestershire, very large,
but ill executed, by one Rudder(369)--still I have sent for it,
for Gloucestershire is a very historic country.
It was a wrong scent on which I employed you. The arms I have
impaled were certainly not Boleyn's. You lament removal of
friends -alas! dear Sir, when one lives to our age, one feels
that in a higher degree than from their change of place! but one
must not dilate those common moralities. You see by my date I
have changed place myself. I am got into an excellent,
comfortable, cheerful house; and as, from necessity and
inclination, I live much more at home than I used to do, it is
very agreeable to be so pleasantly lodged, and to be in a warm
inn as one passes through the last Vale. Adieu! Yours ever.
(369) "The History and Antiquities of Gloucestershire; comprising
the Topography, Antiquities, Curiosities, Produce, Trade, and
Manufactures of that County:" by Samuel Rudder, printer,
Cirencester, folio.-E.
Letter 182 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Dec. 1779. (page 236)
I have two good reasons against writing: nothing to say and a
lame muffled hand; and therefore I choose to write to you, for it
shows remembrance. For these six weeks almost I have been a
prisoner with the gout, but begin to creep about my room. How
have you borne the late deluge and the present frost? How do you
like an earl-bishop?(370) Had not we one before in ancient days?
I have not a book in town; but was not there Anthony Beck, or a
Hubert de Burgh, that was Bishop of Durham and Earl of Kent, or
have I confounded them?
Have you seen Rudder's new History of Gloucestershire? His
additions to Sir Robert Atkyns make it the most sensible history
of a county that we have had yet; for his descriptions of the
scite, soil, products, and prospects of each parish are extremely
good and picturesque; and he treats fanciful prejudices, and
Saxon etymologies, when unfounded, and traditions, with due
contempt.
I will not spin this note any further, but shall be glad of a
line to tell me you are well. I have not seen Mr. Lort since he
roosted under the metropolitan Wings of his grace of Lambeth.
Yours ever.
(370) The Hon. and Rev, Frederick Hervey, bishop of Derry, had
just succeeded to the earldom of Bristol, as fifth Earl, by the
death of his brother. Hardy, in his memoirs of Lord Charlemont
gives the following account of this singular man:--"His family
was famous for talents, equally so for eccentricity; and the
eccentricity of the whole race shone out and seemed to be
concentrated in him. In one respect he was not unlike Villiers
Duke of Buckingham, 'every thing by starts, and nothing long!'
Generous, but uncertain; splendid, but fantastical; an admirer of
the fine arts, without any just selection: engaging, often
licentious in conversation- extremely polite, extremely violent.
His distribution of church livings, chiefly, as I have been
informed, among the older and respectable clergy in his own
diocese, must always be mentioned with that warm approbation
which it is justly entitled to. His progress from his diocese to
the metropolis, and his entrance into it, were perfectly
correspondent to the rest of his conduct. Through every town on
the road, he seemed to court, and was received with, all warlike
honours; and I remember seeing him pass by the Parliament-house
in Dublin (Lords and Commons were then both sitting), escorted by
a body of dragoons, full of spirits and talk, apparently enjoying
the eager gaze of the surrounding multitude, and displaying
altogether the self-complacency of a favourite marshal of France
on his way to Versailles, rather than the grave deportment of a
prelate of the Church of England." He died in 1803.-E.
Letter 183 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Jan. 5, 1780. (page 237)
When you said that you feared that your particular account of
your very providential escape would deter me from writing to you
again, I am sure, dear Sir, that you spoke only from modesty, and
not from thinking me capable of being so criminally indifferent
to any thing, much less under such danger as you have run, that
regards so old a friend, and one to whom I owe so many
obligations. I am but too apt to write letters on trifling or no
occasion's: and should certainly have told you the interest I
take in your accident, and how happy I am that it had no
consequences of any sort. It is hard that temperance itself,
which you are, should be punished for a good-natured
transgression of your own rules, and where the excess was only
staying out beyond your usual hour. I am heartily glad you did
not jump out of your chaise; it has often been a much worse
precaution than any consequences from risking to remain in it; as
you are lame too, might have been very fatal. Thank God! all
ended so well. Mr. Masters seems to have been more frightened,
with not greater reason. What an absurd man to be impatient to
notify a disagreeable event to you, and in so boisterous a
manner, and which he could not know was true, since it was not!
I shall take extremely kind your sending me your picture in
glass. I have carefully preserved the slight outline of yourself
in a gown and nightcap, which you once was' so good as to give
me, because there was some likeness to your features. though it
is too old even now. For a portrait of me in return you might
have it by sending the painter to the anatomical school, and
bidding him draw the first skeleton he sees. I should expect any
limner would laugh in my face if I offered it to him to be
copied.
I thought I had confounded the ancient count-bishops, as I had,
and YOU have set me right. The new temporal-ecclesiastical peers
estate is more than twelve thousand a Year, though I can scarce
believe it is eighteen, as the last lord said.
The picture found near the altar in Westminster-Abbey, about
three years ago, was of King Sebert; I saw it, and it was well
preserved, with some others worse--but they have foolishly buried
it again behind their new altar-piece; and so they have a very
fine tomb of Ann of Cleve, close to the altar, which they did not
know till I told them whose it was, though her arms are upon it,
and though there is an exact plate of it in Sandford. They might
at least have cut out the portraits, and removed them to a
conspicuous situation; but though this age is grown so
antiquarian, it has not gained a grain more of sense in that
walk--witness as you instance in Mr. Grose's Legends, and in the
dean and chapter reburying the crown, robes, and sceptre of
Edward I.--there would surely have been as much piety in
preserving them in their treasury, as in consigning them again to
decay. I did not know that the salvation of robes and crowns
depended on receiving Christian burial. At the same time, the
chapter transgress that prince's will, like all their
antecessors; for he ordered his tomb to be opened every year or
two years, and receive a new cerecloth or pall; but they boast
now of having enclosed him so substantially that his ashes cannot
be violated again.
It was the present Bishop Dean who showed me the pictures and
Ann's tomb, and consulted me on the new altar-piece. I advised
him to have a light octangular canopy, like the cross at
Chichester, placed over the table or altar itself, which would
have given dignity to it, especially if elevated by a flight of
steps; and from the side arches of the octacon, I would have had
a semicircle of open arches that should have advanced quite to
the seats of the prebends, which would have discovered the
pictures; and through the octagon itself you would have perceived
the shrine of Edward the Confessor, which is much higher than the
level of the choir--but men who ask advice seldom follow it, if
you do not happen to light on the same ideas with themselves.
P. S. The Houghton pictures are not lost-but to Houghton and
England!(371)
(371) They had been sold to the Empress of Russia in the
preceding September, and immediately transferred to that
country.-E.
Letter 184 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(372)
Berkeley Square, January 25, 1780. (page 238)
It was but yesterday, Sir, that I received the favour of your
letter, and this morning I sent, according to your permission, to
Mr. Sheridan the elder, to desire the manuscript of your
tragedy;(373) for as I am but just recovering of a fit of the
gout, which I had severely for above two months, I was not able
to bear the fatigue of company at home; nor could I have had the
pleasure of attending to the piece so much as I wished to do, if
I had invited ladies to hear it, to whom I must have been doing
the honours.
I have read your play once, Sir, rapidly, though alone, and
therefore cannot be very particular on the details; but I can say
already, with great truth, that you have made a great deal more
than I thought possible out of the skeleton of a story.; and have
arranged it so artfully, that unless I am deceived by being too
familiar with it, it will be -very intelligible to the audience,
even if they have not read the original fable; and you have had
the address to make it coherent, without the marvellous, though
so much depended on that part. In short, you have put my
extravagant materials in an alembic, and drawn off only what was
rational.
Your diction is very beautiful, often poetic, and yet what I
admire, very simple and natural; and when necessary, rapid,
concise, and sublime.
If I did not distrust my own self-love, I should say that I think
it must be a very interesting piece: and yet I might say so
without vanity, so much of the disposition of the scenes is your
own. I do not yet know, Sir, what alterations you propose to
make; nor do I perceive where the second and fourth acts want
amendment. The first in your manuscript is imperfect. If I
wished for any correction, it would be to shorten the scene in
the fourth act between the Countess, Adelaide, and Austin, which
rather delays the impatience of the audience for the catastrophe,
and does not contribute to it, but by the mother's orders to the
daughter at the end of the scene to repair to the great church.
In the last scene I should wish to have Theordore fall into a
transport of rage and despair immediately on the death of
Adelaide, and be carried off by Austin's orders; for I doubt the
interval is too long for him to faint after Narbonne's speech.
The fainting, fit, I think, might be better applied to the
Countess; it does not seem requisite that she should die, but the
audience might be left in suspense about her.
My last observations will be very trifling indeed, Sir; but I
think you use nobleness, niceness, etc. too often, which I doubt
are not classic terminations for nobility, nicety, etc. though I
allow that nobility will not always express nobleness. My
children's timeless deaths can scarce be said for untimely; nor
should I choose to employ children's as a plural genitive case,
which I think the s at the end cannot imply. "Hearted
preference" is very bold for preference taken to heart. Raymond,
in the last scene says--
"Show me thy wound--oh, hell! 'tis through her heart!"
This line is quite unnecessary, and infers an obedience in
displaying her wound which would be shocking; besides, as there
is often a buffoon in an audience at a new tragedy, it might be
received dangerously. The word "Jehovah" will certainly not be
suffered on the stage.
In casting the parts I conclude Mrs. Yates, as women never cease
to like acting young parts, would prefer that of Adelaide, though
the Countess is more suitable to her age; and it is foolish to
see her representing the daughter of women fifteen or twenty
years younger. As my bad health seldom allows of my going to the
theatre, I never saw Mr. Henderson but once. His person and
style should recommend him to the parts of Raymond or Austin.
Smith, I suppose, would expect to be Theodore; but Lewis is
younger, handsomer, and, I think, a better actor; but you are in
the right, Sir, in having no favourable idea of our stage at
present.
I am sorry, Sir, that neither my talents nor health allow me to
offer to supply you with Prologue and Epilogue. Poetry never was
my natural turn; and what little propensity I had to it, is
totally extinguished by age and pain. It is honour enough to me
to have furnished the canons of your tragedy; I should disgrace
it by attempting to supply adventitious ornaments. The
clumsiness of the seams would betray my gouty fingers. I shall
take the liberty of reading your play once more before I return
it. It will be extraordinary indeed if it is not accepted, but I
cannot doubt but it will be, and very successful; though it will
be great pity but you should have some zealous friend to attend
to it, and who is able to bustle, and see justice done to it by
the managers. I lament that such a superannuated being as myself
is not only totally incapable Of that office, but that I am
utterly' unacquainted -with the managers, and now too retired to
form new Connexions. I was still more concerned, Sir, to hear of
your unhappy accident, though the bad consequences are past.
(372) now first published.
(373) Mr. Jephson's tragedy of The Count of Narbonne, founded on
Walpole's Gothic story of the Castle of Otranto. It will be
seen, that it was brought out, in the following year, With
considerable success, at Covent Garden theatre. "On Friday
evening" says Hannah More, in a letter to one of her sisters, "I
went to Mr. Tighe's to hear him read Jephson's tragedy.
'Praise,' says Dr. Johnson, 'is a tribute which every man is
expected to pay for the grant of perusing a manuscript;' and
indeed I could praise without hurting my Conscience, for The
Count of Narbonne has considerable merit; the language is very
Poetical, and parts of the fable very interesting; the plot
managed with art, and the characters well drawn. The love scenes
I think are the worst: they are prettily written, and full of
flowers, but are rather cold; they have more poetry than passion.
I do not mean to detract from Mr. Jephson's merit by this remark;
for it does not lessen a poet's fame to say he excels more in
Painting the terrible, than the tender passions."-Memoirs, vol.
i, P, 206.-E.
Letter 185 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(374)
Berkeley Square, Jan. 27, 1780. (page 240)
I have returned Your tragedy, Sir, to Mr. Sheridan, after having
read it again, and without wishing any more alterations than the
few I hinted before. There may be some few incorrectnesses, but
none of much consequence. I must -again applaud your art and
judgment, Sir, in having made so rational a play out of my wild
tale - and where you have changed the arrangement of the
incidents, you have applied them to great advantage The
Characters of the mother and daughter you have rendered more
natural by giving jealousy to the mother, and more passion to the
daughter. In short, you have both honoured and improved my
outlines: my vanity is content, and truth enjoins me to do
justice. Bishop Warburton, in his additional notes to Pope's
works, which I saw in print in his bookseller's hands, though
they have not yet been published, observed that the plan of The
Castle of Otranto was regularly a drama(375) (an intention I am
sure I do not pretend to have conceived; nor, indeed, can I
venture to affirm that I had any intention at all but to amuse
myself--no, not even a plan, till some pages were written). You,
Sir, have realized his idea, and yet I believe the Bishop would
be surprised to see how well you have succeeded. One cannot be
quite ashamed of one's follies, if genius condescends to adopt,
and put them to a sensible use. Miss Aikin flattered me even by
stooping to tread in my eccentric steps. Her " Fragment," though
but a specimen, showed her talent for imprinting terror. I
cannot compliment the author of the " Old English Baron,"
professedly written in imitation, but as a corrective of The
Castle of Otranto. It was totally void of imagination and
interest, had scarce 'any incidents, and, though it condemned the
marvellous, admitted a ghost. I suppose the author thought a
tame ghost might come within the laws of probability. You alone,
Sir, have kept within nature, and made superstition supply the
place of phenomenon, yet acting as the agent of divine justice--a
beautiful use of bigotry.
I was mistaken in thinking the end of the first act deficient.
The leaves stuck together, and, there intervening two or three
blank pages between the first and second acts, I examined no
farther, but concluded the former imperfect, which on the second
reading I found it was not.
I imagine, Sir, that the theatres of Dublin cannot have fewer
good Performers than those of London; may I ask why you prefer
ours? Your own directions and instructions would be of great
advantage to your play; especially if you suspect antitragic
prejudices in the managers. You, too, would be the best judge of
the rehearsal of what might be improvements. Managers will take
liberties, and often curtail necessary speeches, so as to produce
nonsense. Methinks it is unkind to send a child, of which you
have so much reason to be proud, to a Foundling Hospital.
(374) NOW first printed.
(375) Bishop Warburton's panegyric on the Castle of Otranto
appears in a note to the following lines in Pope's imitation of
one of Horace's epistles:--
"Then peers grew proud in horsemanship t'excel,
Newmarket's glory rose as Britain's fell'
The soldier breathed the gallantries of France,
And ev'ry flow'ry courtier Writ Romance."
"Amidst all this nonsense," says the Bishop, "when things were at
the worst, we have been lately entertained with what I will
venture to call, a masterpiece in the Fable; and of a new species
likewise. The piece I mean is, The Castle of Otranto. The scene
is laid in Gothic chivalry; where a beautiful imagination,
supported by strength of judgment, has enabled the author to go
beyond his Subject, and effect the full purpose of the ancient
tragedy; that is, to purge the passions by Pity and terror, in
colouring as great and harmonious as in any of the best dramatic
writers."-E.
Letter 186 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Feb. 5, 1780. (PAGE 242)
I have been turning over the new second volume of the Biographia,
and find the additions very poor and lean performances. The
lives entirely new are partial and flattering, being
contributions of the friends of those whose lives are recorded.
This publication made at a time when I have lived to see several
of my contemporaries deposited in this national temple of fame
has made me smile, and reflect that many preceding authors, who
have been installed there with much respect, may have been as
trifling personages as those we have l(nown and now behold
consecrated to memory. Three or four have struck me
particularly, as Dr. Birch,(376) who was a worthy, good-natured
soul, full of industry and activity, and running about like a
young setting-dog in quest of any thing, new or old, and with no
parts, taste, or judgment. Then there is Dr. Blackwell,(377) the
most impertinent literary coxcomb upon earth--but the editor has
been so just as to insert a very merited satire on his Court of
Augustus.
The third is Dr. Brown, that mountebank, who for a little time
made as much noise by his Estimate, as ever quack did by a
nostrum. I do not know if I ever told you how much I was struck
the only time I ever saw him. You know one object, and the
anathemas of his Estimate was the Italian Opera; yet did I find
him one evening, in Passion Week, accompanying some of the
Italian singers, at a concert at Lady Carlisle's. A clergyman,
no doubt, is not obliged to be on his knees the whole week before
Easter, and music and a concert are harmless amusements; but when
Cato or Calvin are out of character, reformation becomes
ridiculous--but poor Dr. Brown was mad,(378) and therefore might
be in earnest, whether he played the fool or the reformer.
You recollect, perhaps, the threat of Dr. Kippis to me, which is
to be executed on my father, for my calling the first edition of
the Biographia the Vindicatio Britannica--but observe how truth
emerges at last! In his new volume he confesses that the article
of Lord Arlington, which I had specified as one of the most
censurable, is the one most deserving that censure, and that the
character of Lord Arlington is palliated beyond all truth and
reason"-words stronger than mine--yet mine deserved to draw
vengeance on my father! so a Presbyterian divine inverts divine
judgment, and visits the sins of the children on the parents!
Cardinal Beaton's character, softened in the first edition,
gentle Dr. Kippis pronounces "extremely detestable"--yet was I to
blame for hinting such defects in that work!--and yet my words
are quoted to show that Lord Orrery's poetry was ridiculously
bad. In like manner Mr. Cumberland, who assumes the whole honour
of publishing his grandfather's Lucan, and does not deign to
mention its being published at Strawberry Hill, (though by the
way I believe it will be oftener purchased for having been
printed there, than for wearing Mr. Cumberland's name to the
dedication,) and yet he quotes me for having praised his ancestor
in one of my publications. These little instances of pride and
spleen divert me, and then make me reflect sadly on human
weaknesses. I am very apt myself to like what flatters my
opinions or passions, and to reject scornfully what thwarts them,
even in the same persons. The more one lives, the more one
discovers one's uglinesses in the features of others! Adieu! dear
Sir; I hope you do not suffer by this severe season.
P. S. I remember two other instances, where my impartiality, or
at least sincerity, have exposed me to double censure. You
perhaps condemned my severity on Charles the First; yet the late
Mr. Hollis wrote against me in the newspapers, for condemning the
republicans for their destruction of ancient monuments. Some
blamed me for undervaluing the Flemish and Dutch pictures in my
preface to the Aedes Walpolianae. Barry the painter, because I
laughed at his extravagances, says, in his rejection of that
school, "But I leave them to be admired by the Hon. Horace
Walpole, and such judges."
Would not one think I had been their champion!
(376) See vol. i. p. 434, letter 177.-E.
(377) Dr. Thomas Blackwell, principal of the Marischal College in
Aberdeen. Besides the above work, he wrote "An Enquiry into the
Life and Writings of Homer," and "Letters concerning Mythology."
He died in 1757.
(378) In September, 1766, he destroyed himself in a fit of
insanity. See vol. ii. p. 232, letter 119, note 234.-E.
Letter 187 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Feb. 27, 1780. (PAGE 243)
Unapt as you are to inquire after news, dear Sir, you wish to
have Admiral Rodney's victory confirmed.(379) I can now assure
you, that he has had a considerable advantage, and took at least
four Spanish men-of-war, and an admiral, who they say is since
dead of his wounds. We must be glad of these deplorable
successes--but I heartily wish we had no longer occasion to hope
for the destruction of any of our species but, alas! it looks as
if devastation would still open new fields of blood! The
prospect darkens even at home--but, however you and I may differ
in our political principles, it would be happy. if every body
would pursue others with as little rancour. How seldom does it
happen in political contests, that any side can count any thing
but its wounds! your habitudes seclude you from meddling in our
divisions; so do my age and my illnesses me. Sixty-two is not a
season for bustling among young partisans. Indeed, if the times
grow perfectly serious, I shall not wish to reach sixty-three.
Even a superannuated spectator is then a miserable being; for
though insensibility is one of the softenings of old age, neither
one's feelings nor enjoyments can be accompanied with
tranquillity. We veterans must hide ourselves in inglorious
security, and lament what we cannot prevent; nor shall be
listened to, till misfortunes have brought the actors to their
senses; and then it will be too late, or they will calm
themselves faster than they could preach--but I hope the
experience of the last century will have some operation and check
our animosities. Surely, too, we shall recollect the ruin a
civil war would bring on, when accompanied by such collaterals as
French and Spanish wars. Providence alone can steer us amidst
all these rocks. I shall watch the interposition of its aegis
with anxiety and humility. It saved us this last summer, and
nothing else I am sure did; but often the mutual follies of
enemies are the instruments Of Heaven. If it pleases not to
inspire wisdom, I shall be content if it extricates us by the
reciprocal blunders and oversights of all parties--of which, at
least, we ought never to despair. It is almost my systematic
belief, that as cunning and penetration are seldom exerted for
good ends, it is the absurdity of mankind that often acts as a
succedaneum, and carries on and maintains the equilibrium that
Heaven designed should subsist. Adieu, dear Sir! Shall we live
to lay down our heads in peace? Yours ever.
28th.--A second volume of Sir George Rodney's exploits arrived
to-day. I do not know the authentic circumstances, for I have
not been abroad yet, but they say he has taken four more Spanish
ships of the line and five frigates; of the former, one of ninety
guns. Spain was sick of the war before--how fortunate if she
would renounce it!
I have just got a new History of Leicester, in six small volumes.
It seems to be superficial; but the author is young, and talks
modestly which, if it Will not serve instead of merit, makes one
at least hope he will improve, and not grow insolent on age and
more knowledge. I have also received from Paris a copy of an
illumination from La Cit`e des Dames of Christina of Pisa, in the
French King's library. There is her own portrait with three
allegoric figures. I have learnt much more about her, and of
her amour with an English peer;(380) but I have not time to say
more at present.
(379) Admiral Sir George Rodney, who had been despatched to the
relief of Gibraltar, the garrison of which was much distressed
for provisions, after taking a convoy of Spanish ships bound to
the Caraccas, fell in, on the 16th of February off Cape St.
Vincent, with the Spanish fleet, commanded
by Don Juan Langara, which he defeated, and captured
four sail of the line.-E.
(380) John Montacute, Earl of Salisbury; who arriving in Paris,
as ambassador from Richard II. to demand in marriage the Princess
Isabel, daughter of Charles V., soon after the death of Castel,
the husband of Christine, was so struck with her beauty and
accomplishments as to offer her his hand. This Christine
respectfully declined; upon which the Earl bade adieu to love,
renounced marriage, and, with her consent, brought her eldest son
with him to England, to educate and protect.-E.
Letter 188 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, March 6, 1780. (PAGE 245)
I have this moment received your portrait in glass, dear Sir, and
am impatient to thank you for it, and tell you how much I value
it. It is better executed than I own I expected, and yet I am
not quite satisfied with it. The drawing is a little incorrect,
the eyes too small in proportion, and the mouth exaggerated. In
short, it is a strong likeness of your features, but not of your
countenance, which is better, and more serene. However, I am
enough content to place it at Strawberry amongst all my
favourite, brittle, transitory relics, which will soon vanish
with their founder--and with his no great unwillingness for
himself.
I take it ill, that you should think I should suspect you of
asking indirectly for my Noble Authors-and much more if you would
not be so free as to ask for them directly-a most trifling
present surely--and from you who have made me a thousand! I know
I have some copies in my old house in Arlington-street, I hope of
both volumes, I am sure of the second. I will soon go thither
and look for them.
I have gone through the six volumes of Leicester. The author is
so modest and so humble, that I am quite sorry it is so very bad
a work; the arrangement detestable, the materials trifling, his
reflections humane but silly. He disposes all under reigns of
Roman emperors and English kings, whether they did any thing or
nothing at Leicester. I am sorry I have such predilection for
the histories of particular counties and towns: there certainly
does not exist a worse class of reading.
Dr. E. made me a visit last week. He is not at all less
vociferous for his disgrace. I wish I had any Guinea-fowls. I
can easily get you some eggs from Lady Ailesbury, and will ask
her for some, that you may have the pleasure of rearing your own
chicks--but how can you bear their noise? they are more
discordant and clamorous than peacocks. How shall I convey the
eggs?
I smiled at Dr. Kippis's bestowing the victory on Dean Milles,
and a sprig on Mr. Masters. I regard it as I should, if the
sexton of Broad Street St. Giles's were to make a lower bow to a
cheese-monger of his own parish than to me. They are all three
haberdashers of small wares, and welcome to each other's
civilities. When such men are summoned to a jury on one of their
own trade, it is natural they should be partial. They do not
reason, but recollect how much themselves have overcharged some
yards of buckram. Adieu!
P. S. Mr. Pennicott has shown me a most curious and delightful
picture. It is Rose, the royal gardener, presenting the first
pine-apple ever raised in England to Charles II. They are In a
garden, with a view of a good private house, such as there are
several at Sunbury and about london. It is by far the best
likeness of the King I ever saw; the countenance cheerful,
good-humoured, and very sensible. He is in brown, lined with
orange, and many black ribands, a large flapped hat, dark wig,
not tied up, nor yet bushy, a point cravat, no waistcoat, and a
tasselled handkerchief, hanging from a low pocket. The whole is
of the smaller landscape size, and extremely well coloured, with
perfect harmony. \It was a legacy from London, grandson of him
who was partner with Wise.
Letter 189 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, March 13, 1780.(PAGE 246)
You compliment me, my good friend, on a sagacity that is surely
very common. How frequently do we see portraits that have
catched the features and missed the countenance or character,
which is far more difficult to hit; nor is it unfrequent to hear
that remark made.
I have confessed to you that I am fond of local histories. It is
the general execution of them that I condemn, and that I call
"the worst kind of reading." I cannot comprehend but that they
might be performed with taste. I did mention this winter the new
edition of Atkyns's Gloucestershire, as having additional
descriptions of situations that I thought had merit. I have just
got another, a View of Northumberland, in two volumes, quarto,
with cuts;(381) but I do not devour it fast; for the author's
predilection is to Roman antiquities, which, such as are found in
this island, are very indifferent, and inspire me with little
curiosity. A barbarous country, so remote from the seat of
empire, and occupied by a few legions that very rarely decided
any great events, is not very interesting, though one's own
country; nor do I care a straw for a stone that preserves the
name of a standard-bearer of a cohort, or of a colonel's
daughter. Then I have no patience to read the tiresome disputes
of antiquaries to settle forgotten names of vanished towns, and
to prove that such a village was called something else in
Antoninus's Itinerary. I do not say the Gothic antiquities I
like are of more importance; but at least they exist. The site
of a Roman camp, of which nothing remains but a bank, gives me
not the smallest pleasure. One knows they had square camps-has
one a clearer idea from the spot, which is barely
distinguishable? How often does it happen, that the lumps of
earth are so imperfect, that it is never clear whether they are
Roman, Druidic, Danish, or Saxon fragments: the moment it is
uncertain, it is plain they furnish no specific idea of art or
history, and then I neither desire to see or read them. I have
been diverted, too, by another work, in which I am personally a
little concerned. Yesterday was published an octavo, pretending
to contain the correspondence of Hackman and Miss Ray, that he
murdered.(382) I doubt whether the letters are genuine; and yet,
if fictitious, they are executed well, and enter into his
character: hers appears less natural, and yet the editors were
certainly more likely to be in the possession of hers than his.
It is not probable that Lord Sandwich should have sent what he
found in her apartments to the press. No account is pretended to
be given of how they came to light.
You will wonder how I should be concerned in this correspondence,
who never saw either of the lovers in my days. In fact, my being
dragged in is a reason for doubting the authenticity; nor can I
believe that the long letter in which I am frequently mentioned
could be written by the wretched lunatic. It pretends that Miss
Ray desired him to give her a particular account of Chatterton.
He does give a most ample one; but is there a glimpse of
probability that a being so frantic should have gone to Bristol,
and sifted Chatterton's sister and others with as much cool
curiosity as Mr. Lort could do? and at such a moment! Besides, he
murdered Miss Ray, I think, in March; my printed defence was not
at all dispersed before the preceding January or February, nor do
I conceive that Hackman could even see it. There are notes,
indeed, by the editor, who has certainly seen it; but I rather
imagine that the editor, whoever he is, composed the whole
volume. I am acquitted of' being accessory to the man's death,
which is gracious; but much blamed for speaking of his bad
character, and for being too hard on his forgeries, though I took
so much pains to Specify the innocence of them; and for his
character, I only quoted the words of his own editor and
panegyrist. I did not repeat what Dr. Goldsmith told me at the
Royal Academy, where I first heard of his death, that he went by
the appellation of the "Young Villain;" but it is not new to me,
as you know, to be blamed by two opposite parties. The editor
has in one place confounded me and my uncle; who, he says, as is
true, checked Lord Chatham for being too forward a young man in
1740. In that year I was not even come into Parliament; and must
have been absurd indeed if I had taunted Lord Chatham with youth,
who was, at least, six or seven years younger than he was; and
how could he reply by reproaching me with old age, who was then
not twenty-three? I shall make no answer to these absurdities,
nor to any part of the work. Blunder, I see, people will, and
talk of what they do not understand @ and what care I? There is
another trifling mistake of still less consequence. The editor
supposes it was Macpherson who communicated Ossian to me. It was
Sir David Dalrymple who sent me the first specimen.(383)
Macpherson did once come to me, but my credulity was then a
little shaken.
Lady Ailesbury has promised me Guinea-eggs for you, but they have
not yet begun to lay I am well acquainted with Lady Craven's
little tale, dedicated to me.(384) It is careless and incorrect,
but there are very pretty things in it. I will stop, for I fear
I have written to you too much lately. One you did not mention:
I think it was of the 28th of last month.
(381) "A View of Northumberland; with an Excursion to the Abbey
of Melrose, Scotland, in the year 1776;" by William Hutchinson,
F. A. S. Two volumes 4to.; 1778-80.-E.
(382) the work here alluded to was written by Sir Herbert Croft,
Bart. It was a compound of fact and fiction called "Love and
Madness, a Story too true, in a Series of Letters between
Parties, whose names would, perhaps, be mentioned, were they less
known or less lamented. London, 1780." The work ran through
several editions. In 1800, Sir Herbert published, "Chatterton
and Love and Madness, in a Letter from Sir Herbert Croft to Mr.
Nichols." Boswell says, that Dr. Johnson greatly disapproved of
mingling real facts with fiction, and on this account censured
"Love and Madness."-E.
(383) See vol. iii. p. 63, letter 25, note 64.-E.
(384) Entitled "The Miniature Picture."-E.
Letter 190 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, March 30, 1780. (page 248)
I cannot be told that you are extremely ill, and refrain from
begging to hear that you are better. Let me have but one line;
if it is good, 'it will satisfy me. If you was not out of order,
I would scold you for again making excuses about the Noble
Authors; it was not kind to be so formal about a trifle.
We do not differ so much in politics as you think, for when they
grow too serious, they are so far from inflaming my zeal, they
make me more moderate: and I can as easily discern the faults on
my own side as on the other; nor would assist Whigs more than
Tories in altering the constitution. The project of annual
parliaments, or of adding a hundred members to the House of
Commons would, I think, be very unwise, and will never have my
approbation--but a temperate man is not likely to be listened to
in turbulent times; and when one has not youth and lungs, or
ambition, to make oneself attended to, one can only be silent and
lament, and preserve oneself blameless of any mischief that is
done or attempted.
Letter 191 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, May 11, 1780. (page 248)
Mr. Godfrey, the engraver, told me yesterday that Mr. Tyson is
dead.(385) I am sorry for it, though he had left me off. A much
older friend of mine died yesterday; but of whom I must say the
same, George Montagu, whom you must remember at Eton and
Cambridge. I should have been exceedingly concerned for him a
few years ago but he had dropped me, partly from politics and
partly from caprice, for we never had any quarrel; but he was
grown an excessive humourist, and had shed almost all his friends
as well as me. He had parts, and infinite vivacity and
originality till of late years; and it grieved me much that he
had changed towards me, after a friendship of between thirty and
forty years.
I am told that a nephew of the provost of King's has preached and
printed a most flaming sermon, which condemns the whole
Opposition to the stake. Pray who is it, and on what occasion?
Mr. Bryant has published an Answer to Dr. Priestley.(386) I
bought it, but though I have a great value for the author, the
subject is so metaphysical, and so above human decision, I soon
laid it aside. I hope you can send me a good account of
yourself, though the spring is so unfavourable. Yours most
sincerely.
(385) Mr. Cole, in a letter of the 14th, says, "the loss of poor
Mr. Tyson shocked and afflicted me more than I thought it
possible I could have been afflicted: since the loss of Mr. Gray,
I have lamented no one so much. God rest his soul! I hope he is
happy; and, was it not for those he has left behind, I am so much
of a philosopher, now the affair is over, I would prefer the
exchange."-E.
(386) It was entitled "An Address to Dr. Priestley upon his
Doctrine of Philosophical Necessity Illustrated."-E.
@Letter 192 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Friday night, May 19, 1780. (page 249)
By tomorrow's coach you will receive a box of Guinea-hens' eggs,
which Lady Ailesbury sent me to-day from Park-place. I hope they
will arrive safe and all be hatched.
I thank you for the account of the sermon and the portrait of the
uncle. They will satisfy me without buying the former. As I
knew Mr. Joseph Spence,(387) I do not think I should have been so
much delighted as Dr. Kippis with reading his letters. He was a
good-natured, harmless little soul, but more like a silver penny
than a genius. It was a neat, fiddle-faddle, bit of sterling,
that had read good books and kept good company, but was too
trifling for use, and only fit to please a child.
I hesitate on purchasing Mr. Gough's second edition. I do not
think there was a guinea's worth of entertainment in the first;
how can the additions be worth a guinea and a half? I have been
aware of the royal author you tell me of, and have noted him for
a future edition; but that will not appear in my own time;
because, besides that, it will have the castrations in my
original copy, and other editions, that I am not impatient to
produce. I have been solicited to reprint the work, but do not
think it fair to give a very imperfect edition when I could print
it complete, which I do not choose to do, as I have an aversion
to literary squabbles: one seems to think one's self too
important when one engages in a controversy on one's writings;
and when one does not vindicate them, the answerer passes for
victor, as you see Dr. Kippis allots the palm to Dr. Milles,
though you know I have so much more to say in defence of my
hypothesis. I have actually some hopes of still more, of which I
have heard, but till I see it, I shall not reckon upon it as on
my side.
Mr. lort told me of King James's Procession to St. Paul's; but
they ask such a price for it, and I care so little for James I.,
that I have not been to look at the picture.
Your electioneering will probably be increased immediately. Old
Mr. Thomas Townshend is at the point of death.(388) The
Parliament will probably be dissolved before another session. We
wanted nothing but drink to inflame our madness, which I do not
confine to politics; but what signifies it to throw out general
censures? We old folks are apt to think nobody wise but
ourselves. I wish the disgraces of these last two or three years
did not justify a little severity more than flows from the
peevishness of years! Yours ever.
(387) See Vol. I. p, 168, letter 29.-E.
(388) The Right Hon. Thomas Townshend, son of Charles second
Viscount Townshend, many years member for the University of
Cambridge. He died a few days after the date of this letter. He
was a most elegant scholar, and lived in acquaintance and
familiarity with most of the considerable men of his time. In
early life he entered into the secretary of state's office under
his father, whom he accompanied in his journeys to Germany with
George the First and Second. At the time of his death he was in
his seventy-ninth year.-E.
Letter 193 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, May 30, 1780. (page 250)
I hope you will bring your eggs to a fair market. At last I have
got from Bonus my altar-doors which I bought at Mr. Ives's; he
has repaired them admirably. I would not suffer him to repaint
or varnish them. There are indubitably Duke Humphrey of
Gloucester, Cardinal Beaufort, and Archbishop Kemp. The fourth I
cannot make out. It is a man in a crimson garment lined with
white, and not tonsured. He is in the stable with cattle, and
has the air of Joseph; but over his head hangs a large shield
with these arms. * * *(389) The Cornish choughs are sable on
or; the other three divisions are gules, on the first of which is
a gold crescent.
The second arms have three bulls' heads sable, horned or. The
chevron was so changed that Bonus thought it sable; but I think
it was gules, and then it would be Bullen or Boleyn. Lord de
Ferrars says, that the first are the arms of Sir Bartholomew
Tate, who he finds married a Sanders. Edmondson's new Dictionary
of Heraldry confirms both arms for Tate and Sanders, except that
Sanders bore the chevron erminc, which it may have been. But
what I wish to discover IS, whether Sir Bartholomew Tate was a
benefactor to St. Edmundsbury, whence these doors came, or was in
any shape a retainer to the Duke of Gloucester or Cardinal
Beaufort. The Duke's and Sir Bartholomew's figures were on the
insides of the doors (which I have had sawed into four panels,)
and are painted in a far superior style to the Cardinal and the
Archbishop, which are very hard and dry. The two others are so
good that they are in the style of the school of the Caracci.
They at least were painted by some Italian; the draperies have
large and bold folds, and One wonders how they could be executed
in the reign of Henry VI. I shall be very glad if you can help
me to any lights, at least about Sir Bartholomew. I intend to
place them in my chapel, as they will aptly accompany the shrine.
The Duke and Archbishop's agree perfectly with their portraits in
my Marriage of Henry VI., and prove how rightly I guessed. The
Cardinal's is rather a longer and thinner visage, but that he
might have in the latter end of life; and in the Marriage he has
the red bonnet on, which shortens his face. On the door he is
represented in the character he ought to have possessed, a pious,
contrite look, not the truer resemblance which Shakspeare drew--
"He dies, and makes no sign!"--but Annibal Caracci himself could
not paint like our Raphael poet! Pray don't venture yourself in
any more electioneering riots: you see the mob do not respect
poets, nor, I suppose, antiquaries.
P. S. I am in no haste for an answer to my queries.
(389) Here Mr. Walpole had sketched in a rough draught of the
arms.
Letter 194 To Mrs. Abington.(390)
Strawberry Hill, June 11, 1780. (page 251)
Madam,
You may certainly always command me and my house. My common
custom is to give a ticket for only four persons at a time but it
would be very insolent in me, when all laws are set at nought, to
pretend to prescribe rules. At such times there is a shadow of
authority in setting the laws aside by the legislature itself;
and though I have no army to supply their place, I declare Mrs.
Abington may march through all my dominions at the head of as
large a troop as she pleases. I do not say, as she can muster
and command; for then I am sure my house would not hold them.
The day, too, is at her own choice; and the master is her very
obedient humble servant.
(390) Now first printed.
Letter 195 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, June 12, 1780. (page 251)
My dear lord,
If the late events had been within the common proportion of news,
I would have tried to entertain your lordship with an account of
them; but they were far beyond that size, and could only create
horror and indignation. Religion has often been the cloak of
injustice, outrage, and villany: in our late tumults,(391) it
scarce kept on its mask a moment; its persecution was downright
robbery; and it was so drunk that it killed its banditti faster
than they could plunder. The tumults have been carried on in so
violent and scandalous a manner, that I trust they will have no
copies. When prisons are levelled to the ground, when the Bank
is aimed at, and reformation is attempted by conflagrations, the
savages of Canada are the only fit allies of Lord George
Gordon(392) and his crew. The Tower is much too dignified a
prison for him-but he had left no other.
I came out of town on Friday, having seen a good deal of the
shocking transactions of Wednesday night--in fact, it was
difficult to be in London, and not to see or think some part of
it in flames. I saw those of the King's Bench, New Prison, and
those on the three sides of the Fleet-market, which turned into
one blaze.(393) The town and parks are now one camp--the next
disagreeable sight to the capital being in ashes. It will still
not have been a fatal tragedy, if it brings the nation one and
all to their senses. It will still be not quite an unhappy
country, if we reflect that the old constitution, exactly as it
was in the last reign, was the most desirable of any in the
universe. It made us then the first people in Europe--we have a
vast deal of ground to recover--but can we take a better path
than that which King William pointed out to us? I mean the
system he left us at the Revolution. I am averse to all changes
of it--it fitted us just as it was.
For some time even individuals must be upon their guard. Our new
and now imprisoned apostle has delivered so many Saint Peters
from gaol, that one hears of nothing but robberies on the
highway. Your lordship's sister, Lady Browne, and I have been at
Twickenham-park this evening, and kept together, and had a
horseman at our return. Baron d'Aguilar was shot at in that very
lane on Thursday night. A troop of the fugitives had
rendezvoused in Combe Wood, and were dislodged thence yesterday
by the light horse.
I do not know a syllable but what relates to these disturbances.
The newspapers have neglected few truths. Lies, without their
natural propensity to falsehoods, they could not avoid, for every
minute produces some, at least exaggerations. We were threatened
with swarms of good Protestants `a br`uler from all quarters, and
report
sent various detachments on similar errands; but thank God they
have been but reports! Oh! when shall we have peace and
tranquility? I hope your lordship and Lady Strafford will at
least enjoy the latter in your charming woods. I have long
doubted which of our passions is the strongest--perhaps every one
of them is equally strong in some person or other-but I have no
doubt but ambition is the most detestable, and the most
inexcusable; for its mischiefs are by far the most extensive, and
its enjoyments by no means proportioned to its anxieties. The
latter, I believe, is the case of most passions--but then all but
ambition cost little pain to any but the possessor. An ambitious
man must be divested of all feeling but for himself. The torment
of others is his high-road to happiness. Were the transmigration
of souls true, and accompanied by consciousness, how delighted
would Alexander or Croesus be to find themselves on four legs,
and divested of a wish to conquer new worlds, or to heap up all
the wealth of this! Adieu, my dear lord!
(391) The riots of 1780, when Lord George Gordon raised a
no-popery cry, and assembled many thousand persons in St.
George's Fields, to accompany him to the House of Commons, with a
petition for the repeal of the act passed for the relief of the
Roman Catholics in the preceding session. The petition was, of
course, rejected; which being communicated to the mob by Lord
George, they dispersed for a while, but on that evening commenced
their work of mischief, destroying two Catholic chapels in
Duke-street and Warwick-street: Newgate and all the other prisons
were likewise fired; the Bank was attempted; and the riot was not
quelled until 210 persons were killed and 248 wounded, of whom
seventy-five died in the hospitals. Lord George was committed to
the Tower; and many of the ringleaders, after being tried by
special commissioners, suffered the extreme penalty of the
law.-E.
(392) Lord George Gordon was brother of Alexander Duke of Gordon.
He was considered not to be at all times of sound mind. Some
years after his acquittal, on the indictment preferred against
him in the Court of King's Bench as instigator of the riots, he
was convicted of a libel on Marie Antoinette and Count d'Ademar,
one of the French ministry. To avoid punishment, he fled the
country; but shortly afterwards was discovered at Birmingham in
the garb of a Jew, and committed to Newgate, pursuant to his
sentence, where he lived some time, professing the Jewish
religion, having undergone the extreme rites of it, and where he
died, in November 1793.-E.
(393) In her reply to a letter from Walpole, giving an account of
these riots, Madame du Deffand says--"Rien n'est plus affreux que
tout ce qui arrive chez vous. Votre libert`e ne me s`eduit
point; cette libert`e tant vant`ee me paroit bien plus on`ereuse
que notre esclavage; mais il ne m'appartient pas de traitor de
telles mati`eres: permettez-moi de bl`amer votre indiscr`etion,
de vous aller promener dans les rues pendant ce vacarme."-E.
Letter 196 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 15, 1780. (page 253)
You may like to know one is alive, dear Sir, after a massacre,
and the conflagration of a capital. I was in it, both on the
Friday and on the Black Wednesday; the most horrible sight I ever
beheld, and which, for six hours together, I expected to end in
half the town being reduced to ashes. I can give you little
account of the original of this shocking affair; negligence was
certainly its nurse, and religion only its godmother. The
ostensible author is in the Tower. Twelve or fourteen thousand
men have quelled all tumults; and as no bad account is come from
the country, except for a moment at Bath, and as eight days have
passed,--nay, more, since the commencement, I flatter myself the
whole nation is shocked at the scene; and that, if plan there
was, it was laid only in and for the metropolis. The lowest and
most villanous of the people, and to no great amount, were almost
the sole actors.
/I hope your electioneering riotry(394) has not, nor will mix in
these tumults. It would be most absurd; for Lord Rockingham, the
Duke of Richmond, Sir George Saville, and Mr. Burke, the patrons
of toleration, were devoted to destruction as much as the
ministers. The rails torn from Sir George's house were the chief
weapons and instruments of the mob. For the honour of the nation
I should be glad to have it proved that the French were the
engineers. You and I have lived too long for our comfort--shall
we close our eyes in peace? I will not trouble you more about
the arms I sent you: I should like that they were those of the
family of Boleyn; and since I cannot be sure they were not, why
should not I fancy them so? I revert to the prayer for peace.
You and I, that can amuse ourselves with our books and papers,
feel as much indignation at the turbulent as they have scorn for
us. It is hard at least that they who disturb nobody can have no
asylum in which to pursue their innoxious indolence Who is secure
against Jack Straw and a whirlwind? How I abominate Mr. Banks
and Dr. Solander, who routed the poor Otaheitans out of the
centre of the ocean, and carried our abominable passions amongst
them! not even that poor little specie could escape European
restlessness. Well, I have seen many tempestuous scenes, and
outlived them! the present prospect is too thick to see through-
-it is well hope never forsakes us. Adieu!
(394) Of the "electioneering riotry" going on at this time in
Cambridgeshire, Mr. Cole, in a letter of the 14th of May, gives
the following account:--"Electioneering madness and faction have
inflamed this country to such a degree, that the peace it has
enjoyed for above half a century may take as long a time before
it returns again. Yesterday, the three candidates were
nominated; the Duke of Rutland's brother, the late Mr. Charles
Yorke's son, and Sir Sampson Gideon, whose expenses for this
month have been enormous, beyond all belief. Sending my servant
on a particular message to Sir Sampson, he found him in bed, not
well, and probably half asleep; for he not only wrote the
direction to two covers which I sent him, but sealed them both,
though they were only covers. I wonder, indeed, that he is
alive, considering the immense fatigue and necessary drinking he
must undergo--a miserable hard task to get into Parliament!" The
contest terminated in the return of Lord Robert Manners, who
died, in April 1782, of the wounds he received in the great
sea-fight in the West Indies; and of Mr. Philip Yorke, who, in
1790, succeeded his uncle as Earl of Hardwicke.-E.
Letter 197 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, July 4, 1780. (page 254)
I answer your letter the moment I receive it, to beg you will by
no means take any notice, not even in directly and without My
name, of the Life of Mr. Baker. I am earnest against its being
known to exist. I should be teased to show it. Mr. Gough might
inquire about it--I do not desire his acquaintance; and above all
am determined, if I can help it, to have no controversy while I
live. You know I have hitherto suppressed my answers to the
critics of Richard III. for that reason; and above all things, I
hate theologic or political controversy-nor need you fear my
disputing with you, though we disagree very considerably indeed
about Papist's and Presbyterians. I hope you have not yet sent
the manuscript to Mr. Lort, and if you have not, do entreat you
to deface undecipherably what you have said about my Life of Mr.
Baker.
Pray satisfy me that no mention of it shall appear in print. I
can by no means consent to it, and I am sure you will prevent it.
Yours sincerely.
Letter 198 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 9, 1780. (page 255)
I am very happy at receiving a letter from your lordship this
moment, as I thought it very long since we had corresponded, but
am afraid of being troublesome, when I have not the excuse of
thanking you, or something worth telling you, which in truth is
not the case at present. No soul, whether interested or not, but
deafens one about elections. I always detested them, even when
in Parliament; and when I lived a good deal at White's, preferred
hearing of Newmarket to elections; for the former, being uttered
in a language I did not understand, did not engage my attention;
but as they talked of elections in English, I could not help
knowing what they said. It does surprise me, I own, that people
can choose to stuff their heads with details and circumstances.
of which in six weeks they will never hear or think more. The
weather till now has been the chief topic of conversation. Of
late it has been the third very hot summer; but refreshed by so
little rain, that the banks of the Thames have been and are, I
believe, like those of the Manzanares. The night before last we
had some good showers, and to-day a thick fog has dissolved in
some as thin as gauze. Still I am not quite sorry to enjoy the
weather of adust climates without their tempests and insects.
Lady Cowper I lately visited, and but lately: if what I hear is
true, I shall be a gainer, for they talk of Lord Duncannon having
her house at Richmond: like your lordship, I confess I was
surprised at his choice. I know nothing to the prejudice of the
young lady;(395) but I should not have selected, for so gentle
and very amiable a man, a sister of the empress of fashion,(396)
nor a daughter of the goddess of wisdom.(397)
They talk of great disssatisfactions in the fleet. Geary and
Barrington are certainly retired. It looks, if this deplorable
war should continue, as if all our commanders by sea and land
were to be disgraced or disgusted.
The people here have christened Mr. Shirley's new house,
Spite-hall.(398) It is dismal to think that one may live to
seventy-seven, and go out of the world doing as ill-natured an
act as possible! When I am reduced to detail the gazette of
Twickenham, I had better release your lordship; but either way it
is from the utmost attention and respect for your lordship and
Lady Strafford, as I am ever most devotedly and gratefully yours.
(395) In the following November, Lord Duncannon married
Henrietta-Frances, second daughter of John first Earl Spencer.-E.
(396) Georgiana, eldest daughter of John first Earl Spencer;
married, in 1774, to the Duke of Devonshire.-E.
(397) Margaret-Georgiana, daughter of the Right Hon. Stephen
Poyntz; married, in 1755, to John first Earl Spencer.-E.
(398) Because built, it was said, on purpose to intercept a view
of the Thames from his opposite neighbour.
letter 199 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 27, 1780. (page 256)
Dear Sir,
I MUST inquire how you do after all your election agitations,
which have growled even around your hermitage. Candidates and
their emissaries are like Pope's authors,
"They pierce our thickets, through our groves they glide."
However, I have barred my doors; and when I would not go to an
election for myself, I would not for any one else.
Has not a third real summer, and so very dry one, assisted your
complaints? I have been remarkably well, and better than for
these five years. Would I could say the same of all my friends--
but, alas! I expect every day to hear that I have lost my dear
old friend Madame du Deffand.(399) She was indeed near
eighty-four, but retained all her interior faculties--two days
ago the letters from Paris forbade all hopes. So I reckon myself
dead as to France, where I have kept up no other connexion.
I am going at last to publish my fourth volume of Painters,
which, though printed so long, I have literally treated by
Horace's rule, "Nonumque prematur in nonum." Tell me how I shall
send it to you. Yours ever.
(399) In the last letter Madame du Deffand ever wrote to Walpole,
dated the 22d of August, she thus describes her situation:--"Je
vous mandai dans ma derni`ere que je ne me portais pas bien;
c'cst encore pis aujourd'hui. Je suis d'une faiblesse et d'un
abattement excessifs; Ma voix est `eteinte, je ne puis me
soutenir sur mes jambes, je ne puis me donner aucun mouvement,
j'ai le coeur envolopp`e; j'ai de la peine `a croire que cet
`etat ne m'annonce une fin prochaine. Je n'ai pas la force d'en
`etre effray`ee; et, ne vous devant revoir de ma vie, je n'a rien
`a regretter. Divertissez-vous, mon ami, le plus que vous
pourrez; ne vous affligez point de mon `etat; nous `etions
presque perdus l'un pour l'autre; nous ne nous devions jamais
revoir! vous me regretterez, parce qu'on est bien-aise de se
savoir aim`e. Peut-`etre que par la suite Wiart vous mandera de
mes nouvelles; c'est une fatigue pour moi de dicter." From this
day she kept her bed. On the 8th of September Mr. Walpole had
written to her, expressing his great anxiety for her. To his
inquiries she was unable to dictate an answer. Her anteroom
continued every day crowded with the persons who had before
surrounded her supper-table. Her weakness became excessive; but
she suffered no pain, and possessed her memory, understanding,
and ideas till within the last eight days of her existence, when
a lethargic insensibility took which terminated in death, without
effort or struggle, on the 24th of September. She was buried,
according to her own direction, in the plainest manner, in her
parish church of St. Sulpice. To Mr. Walpole she bequeathed the
whole of her manuscripts, papers, letters, and books, of every
description; with a permission to the Prince of Beauvau to take a
copy of any of the papers he might desire.-E.
Letter 200 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Oct. 3, 1780. (page 256)
I did not go to Malvern, and therefore cannot certify you, my
good Sir, whether Tom Hearne mistook stone for brass or not,
though I dare to say your criticism is just.
My book, if I can possibly, shall go to the inn to-morrow, or
next day at least. You will find a great deal of rubbish in it,
with all your partiality--but I shall have done with it.
I cannot thank you enough for your goodness about your notes that
you promised Mr. Grose; but I cannot possibly be less generous
and less disinterested, nor can by any means be the cause of your
breaking your word. In short, I insist on your sending your
notes to him--and as to my Life of Mr. Baker, if it is known to
exist, nobody can make me produce it sooner than I please, nor at
all if I do not please; so pray send your accounts, and leave me
to be stout with our antiquaries, or curious. I shall not
satisfy the latter, and don't care a straw for the former.
The Master of Pembroke (who he is, I don't know(400)) is like the
lover who said,
"Have I not seen thee where thou hast not been?"
I have been in Kent with Mr. Barrett, but was not at Ramsgate;
the Master, going thither, perhaps saw me. It is a mistake not
worth rectifying. I have no time for more, being in the midst of
the delivery of my books. Yours ever.
(400) Dr. James Brown; see ante, p. 62, letter 36.-E.
Letter 201 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Nov. 11, 1780. (page 257)
I am afraid you are not well, my good Sir; for you are so
obligingly punctual, that I think you would have acknowledged the
receipt of my last volume, if you were not out of order.
Lord Dacre lent me the new edition of Mr. Gough's Topography, and
the ancient maps and quantity of additions tempted me to buy it.
I have not gone through much above the half of the first volume,
and find it more entertaining than the first edition. This is no
partiality; for I think he seems rather disposed, though civilly,
to find cavils with me. Indeed, in the passage in which I am
most mentioned, he not only gives a very confused, but quite a
wrong account: as in other places, he records some trifles in my
possession not worth recording--but I know that we antiquaries
are but too apt to think, that whatever has had the honour of
entering our ears, is worthy of being laid before the eyes of
every body else. The story I mean is P. ix. of the preface. Now
the three volumes of drawings and tombs, by Mr. Lethueillier and
Sir Charles Frederick, for which Mr. Gough says I refused two
hundred pounds, are now Lord Bute's, are not Lord Bute's, but
mine, and for which I never was offered two hundred pounds, and
for which I gave sixty pounds--full enough. The circumstances
were much more entertaining than Mr. G.'s perplexed account.
Bishop Lyttelton told me Sir Charles Frederick complained of Mr.
L.'s not bequeathing them to him, as he had been a joint labourer
with him; and that Sir Charles wished I Would not bid against him
for them, as they were to be sold by auction. I said this was a
very reasonable request, and that I was ready to oblige Sir
Charles; but as I heard others meant to bid high for the books, I
should wish to know how far he would go, and that I would not
oppose him; but should the books exceed the price Sir Charles was
willing to give, I should like to be at liberty to bid for them
against others. However, added I, as Sir Charles (who lived then
in Berkelyey-square, as I did then in Arlington-street,) passes
by my door every time he goes to the House of Commons, if he will
call on me, We will make such agreement. You will scarce believe
the sequel. The dignity of Sir Charles Frederick was hurt that I
should propose his making me the first visit, though to serve
himself--nothing could be more out of my imagination than the
ceremonial of visits; though when he was so simple as to make a
point of it, I could not see how in any light I was called on to
make the first visit--and so the treaty ended; and so I bought
the books. There was another work, I think in two volumes, which
was their Diary of Their Tour, with a few slight views. Bishop
Lyttelton proposed them to me, and engaged to get them for me
from Mr. Lethueillier's sister for ten guineas. She hesitated,
the Bishop died, I thought no more of them, and they may be what
Lord Bute has. There is another assertion in Mr. Gough, which I
can authentically Contradict. He says Sir Matthew Decker first
introduced ananas, p. 134. My very curious picture of Rose, the
royal gardener, presenting the first ananas to Charles II. proves
the culture here earlier by several years.
At page 373, he seems to doubt my assertion of Gravelot's making
drawings of tombs in Gloucestershire, because he never met with
any engravings from them. I took my account from Vertue, who
certainly knew what he said. I bought at Vertue's own sale some
of Gravelot's drawings of our regal monuments, which Vertue
engraved: but, which is stronger, Mr. Gough himself a few pages
after, viz. in p. 387, mentions Gravelot's drawing of Tewkesbury
church; which being in Gloucestershire, Mr. G. might have
believed me that Gravelot did draw in that county. This is a
little like Mr. Masters's being angry with me for taking
liberties with bishops and chancellors, and then abusing grossly
one who had been both bishop and chancellor. I forgot that in
the note on Sir Charles Frederick, Mr. Gough calls Mr. Worseley,
Wortley. In page 354, he says Rooker exhibited a drawing of
Waltham-cross to the Royal Academy of Sciences--pray where is
that academy? I suppose he means that of painting. I find a few
omissions; one very comical; he says Penshurst was celebrated by
Ben Jonson, and seems Perfectly in the dark as to how much more
fame it owes to Waller. We antiquaries are a little apt to get
laughed at for knowing what every body has forgotten, and for
being ignorant of what every child knows. Do not tell him of
these things, for I do not wish to vex him. I hope I was
mistaken, and shall hear that you are well. Yours ever.
Letter 202 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Nov. 24, 1780. (page 259)
I am sorry I was so much in the right in guessing you had been
ill, but at our age there is little sagacity in such divination.
In my present holidays from the gout, I have a little rheumatism,
or some of those accompaniments.
I have made several more notes to the new Topography, but none of
consequence enough to transcribe. It is well it is a book only
for the adept, or the scorners would often laugh. Mr. Gough
speaking of some cross that has been removed, says, there is now
an unmeaning market-house in its place. Saving his reverence and
our prejudices, I doubt there is a good deal more meaning in a
market-house than in a cross. They tell me that there are
numberless mistakes. Mr. Pennant, whom I saw yesterday, says so.
He is not one of our plodders; rather the other extreme. His
corporal spirits (for I cannot call them animal) do not allow him
time to digest any thing. He gave a round jump from ornithology
to antiquity; and, as if they had any relation, thought he
understood every thing between them. These adventures divert me
who am got on shore, and find how sweet it is to look back on
those who are toiling in deep waters, whether in ships, or
cock-boats, or on old rotten planks. I am sorry for the Dean of
Exeter; if he dies, I conclude the leaden mace of the Antiquarian
Society will be given to Judge Barrington,(401)
Et simili frondescet Virga metallo."
I endeavoured to give our antiquaries a little wrench towards
taste--but it was in vain. Sandby and our engravers have lent
them a great deal--but there it stops. Captain Grose's
dissertations are as dull and silly as if they were written for
the Ostrogoth maps of the beginning of the new Topography: and
which are so square and incomprehensible, that they look as if
they were ichnographics of the New Jerusalem. I am delighted
with having done with the professions of author and printer, and
intend to be most comfortably lazy, I was going to say idle (but
that would not be new) for the rest of my days.
If there was a peace, I would build my offices--if there is not
soon, we shall be bankrupt--nay, I do not know what may happen as
it is. Well! Mr. Grose will have plenty of ruins to engrave!
The Royal Academy will make a fine mass, with what remains of old
Somerset-house.
Adieu! my good Sir. Let me know you are well. You want nothing
else, for you can always amuse Yourself, and do not let the
foolish world disturb you. Yours most sincerely.
(401) The Hon. Daines Barrington, fourth son of John first
Viscount Barrington, second Justice of Chester, and author of
"Observations on the Statutes," etc. He was eminent in natural
history, and in several branches of literature; and died in
1800.-E.
Letter 203 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Nov. 30, 1780. (page 260)
I am sorry, my dear Sir, that you should be so humble with me,
your ancient friend, and to whom you have ever been so liberal,
as to make an apology for desiring me to grant the request of
another person. I am not less sorry that I shall not, I fear, be
able to comply with it; and you must have the patience to hear my
reason,,-,. The first edition of the Anecdotes was of three
hundred, of the two first volumes; and of as many of the third
volume, and of the volume of Engravers. Then there was an
edition of three hundred of all four. Unluckily, I did not keep
any number back of the two first volumes, and literally have none
but those I reserved for myself. Of the other two I have two or
three: and, I believe, I have a first, but without the cuts. If
I can,.with some odd volumes that I kept for corrections, make
out a decent set, the library of the University shall have them;
but you must not promise them, lest I should not be able to
perform.
Of my new fourth volume I printed six hundred; but as they can be
had, I believe not a third part is sold. This is a very plain
lesson to me, that my editions sell for their curiosity, and not
for any merit in them: and so they would if I printed Mother
Goose's Tales, and but a few. As my Anecdotes of Painting have
been published at such distant periods, and in three divisions,
complete sets will be seldom seen; so, If I am humbled as an
author, I may be vain as a printer; and, when one has nothing
else to be vain of, it is certainly very little worth while to be
proud of that.
I will now trust you with a secret, but beg Mr. Gough may not
know it, for he will print it directly. Though I forgot Alma
Mater, I have not forgotten my Alma Nutrices, wet or dry, I mean
Eton and King's. I have laid aside for them, and left them in my
will, as complete a set as I could, of all I have printed. A few
I did give them at first; but I have for neither a perfect set of
the Anecdotes, I mean not the two first volumes. I should be
much obliged to you, if, without naming me, you could inform
yourself if I did send to King'S those two first volumes--I
believe not. '
I will now explain what I said above of Mr. Gough. He has
learnt, I suppose from my engravers, that I have had some views
of Strawberry-hill engraved. Slap-dash, down it went, and he has
even specified each view in his second volume. This curiosity is
a little impertinent; but he has made me some amends by a new
blunder, for he says they are engraved for a second edition of my
Catalogue. Now I have certainly printed but one edition, for
which the prints are designed. He says truly, that I printed but
a few for use; consequently, I by no means wished the whole world
should know it; but he is silly, and so I will say no more about
him. Dr. Lort called yesterday, and asked if I had any message
for you; but I had written too lately.
Mr. Pennant has been, as I think I told you, in town: by this
time I conclude he is, as Lady Townley says of fifty pounds, all
over the kingdom. When Dr. Lort returns, I shall be very glad to
read your transcript of Wolsey's Letters; for, in your hand, I
can read them. I will not have them but by some very safe
conveyance, and will return them with equal care.
I can have no objection to Robin Masters being wooden-head of the
Antiquarian Society; but, I suppose, he is not dignified enough
for them. I should prefer the Judge too, because a coif makes
him more like an old woman, and I reckon that Society the
midwives of superannuated miscarriages. I am grieved for the
return of your headaches--I doubt you write too much. Yours most
sincerely.
P. S. It will be civil to tell Dr. Farmer that I do not know
whether I can obey his commands , but that I will if I can. As
to a distinguished place, I beg not to be preferred to much
better authors; nay, the more conspicuous, the more likely to be
stolen for the reasons I have given you, of there being few
complete sets, and true collectors are mighty apt to steal.
Letter 204 To Sir David Dalrymple.(402)
Dec. 11, 1780. (page 261)
I should have been shamefully ungrateful, Sir, if I could ever
forget all the favours I have received from you, and had omitted
any mark of respect to you that it was in my power to show.
Indeed, what you are so good as to thank me for was a poor
trifle, but it was all I had or shall have of the kind. It was
imperfect too, as some painters Of name have died since it was
printed, which was nine years ago. They will be added with your
kind notices, should I live, which is not probable, to see a new
edition wanted. Sixty-three years, and a great deal of illness,
are too speaking mementos not to be attended to; and when the
public has been more indulgent than one had any right to expect,
it is not decent to load it with one's dotage.
I believe, Sir, that I may have been over-candid to Hogarth, and
fail his spirit and youth and talent may have hurried him into
more real caricatures than I specified . yet he certainly
restrained his bent that way pretty early. Charteris(403) I have
seen; but though Some years older than you, Sir, I cannot say I
have at all a perfect idea of him: nor did I ever hear the
curious anecdote you tell me of ' the banker and my father. I
was much better acquainted with bishop Blackbourne. He lived
within two doors of my father in Downing Street, and took much
notice of me when I was near man. It is not to be ungrateful and
asperse him, but to amuse you, if I give you some account of him
from what I remember.(404) He was perfectly a fine gentleman to
the last, to eighty-four; his favourite author was Waller, whom
he frequently quoted. In point of decorum, he was not quite so
exact as you have been told, Sir. I often dined with him, his
mistress, Mrs. Conwys, sat at the head of the table, and
Hayter,(405) his natural son by another woman, and very like him,
at the bottom, as chaplain: he was afterwards Bishop of London.
I have heard, but do not affirm it, that Mrs. Blackbourne, before
she died, complained of Mrs. Conwys being brought under the same
roof. To his clergy he was, I have heard, very imperious. One
story I recollect, which showed how much he was a man of this
world: and which the Queen herself repeated to my father. On the
King's last journey to Hanover, before Lady Yarmouth came over,
the Archbishop being With her Majesty, said to her, "Madam, I
have been with your minister Walpole, and he tells me that you
are a wise woman, and do not mind your husband's having a
mistress." He was a little hurt at not being raised to
Canterbury on Wake's death, and said to my father, "You did not
think on me: but it is true, I am too old, I am too old."
Perhaps, Sir, these are gossiping stories, but at least they hurt
nobody now.
I can say little, Sir, for my stupidity or forgetfulness about
Hogarth's poetry, which I still am not sure I ever heard, though
I knew him so well; but it is an additional argument for my
distrusting myself, if my memory fails, which is very possible.
A whole volume of Richardson's poetry has been published since my
volume was printed, not much to the honour of his muse, but
exceedingly so to that of his piety and amiable heart. You will
be pleased, too, Sir, with a story Lord Chesterfield told me (too
late too) of Jervas, who piqued himself on the reverse, on total
infidelity. One day that he had talked very indecently in that
strain, Dr. Arbuthnot, who was as devout as Richardson, said to
him, "Come, Jervas, this is all an air and affectation; nobody is
a sounder believer than you." "I!" said Jervase, "I believe
nothing." "Yes, but you do," replied the Doctor; "nay, you not
only believe, but practise: you are so scrupulous an observer of
the commandments, that you never make the likeness of any thing
that is in heaven, or on the earth beneath, or," etc.
I fear, Sir, this letter is too long for thanks, and that I have
been proving what I have said, of my growing superannuated; but,
having made my will in my last volume, you may look on this as a
codicil.
P. S. I had sealed my letter, Sir, but break it open, lest you
should think soon, that I do not know what I say, or break my
resolution lightly. I shall be able to send you in about two
months a very curious work that I am going to print, and is
actually in the press; but there is not a syllable of my writing
in it. It is a discovery just made of two very ancient
manuscripts, copies of which were found in two or three libraries
in Germany, and of which there are more complete manuscripts at
Cambridge. They are of the eleventh century at longest, and
prove that painting in oil was then known, above three hundred
years before the pretended invention of Van Dyck. The
manuscripts themselves will be printed, with a full introductory
Dissertation by the discoverer, Mr. Raspe, a very learned German.
formerly librarian to the Landgrave of Hesse, and who writes
English surprisingly well. The manuscripts are in the most
barbarous monkish Latin, and are much such works as our
booksellers publish of receipts for mixing colours, varnishes,
etc. One of the authors, who calls himself Theophilus, was a
monk; the other, Heraclitis, is totally unknown; but the proofs
are Unquestionable. As my press is out of order, and that
besides it would take up too much time to print them there, they
will be printed here at my expense, and if there is any surplus,
it will be for Raspe's benefit.
(402) Now first collected.
(403) The notorious Colonel Francis Charteris, to whom Hogarth
has accorded a conspicuous place in the first plate of his
Harlot's Progress. Pope describes him as "a man infamous for all
manner of vices," and thus introduces him into his third Moral
Essay:--
"Riches in effect,
No grace of Heaven, or token of th' Elect;
Given to the fool, the mad, the vain, the evil,
To Ward, to Waters, Chartres, and the devil!"
He died in Scotland, in 1731, at the age of sixty-two. The
populace, at his funeral, raised a great riot, almost tore the
body out of the coffin, and cast dead dogs, etc. into the grave
along with it.-E.
(404) See the note to vol. i. p. 314, letter 101.-E.
(405) For a refutation of Walpole's assertion, that Bishop Hayter
was a natural son of bishop Blackbourn's, see vol. ii. p. 100,
letter 39.-E.
Letter 205 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Dec. 19, 1780. (page 263)
I cannot leave you for a moment in error, my good Sir, when you
transfer a compliment to me, to which I have not the most slender
claim, and defraud another of it to whom it is due.
The friend of Mr. Gray, in whom authorship caused no jealousy or
variance, as Mr. Mainwaring says truly, is Mr. Mason. I
certainly never excelled in poetry, and never attempted the
species of poetry alluded to, odes. Dr. Lort, I suppose, is
removing to a living or a prebend, at least; I hope so. He may
run a risk if he carries his book to Lambeth. "Sono sonate venti
tre ore e mezza," as Alexander VIII. said to his nephew, when he
was chosen pope in extreme old age. My Lord of Canterbury's is
not extreme, but very tottering. I found in Mr. Gough's new
edition, that in the Pepysian library is a view of the theatre in
Dorset Gardens, and views of four or five other ancient great
mansions. Do the folk of Magdalen ever suffer copies of such
things to be taken? If they would, is there any body at
Cambridge that could execute them, and reasonably? Answer me
quite at your leisure; and, also, what and by whom is the altar-
piece that Lord Carlisle has given to King's. I did not know he
had been of our college. I have two or three plates of
Strawberry more than those you mention; but my collections are so
numerous, and from various causes my prints have been in such
confusion, that at present I neither know where the plates or
proofs are. I intend next summer to set about completing my plan
of the Catalogue and its prints; and when I have found any of the
plates or proofs, you shall certainly have those you want. There
are two large views of the house, one of the cottage, one of the
library, one of the front to the road, and the chimney-piece in
the Holbein room. I think these are all that are finished--oh!
yes, I believe the prior's garden; but I have not seen them these
two years. I was so ill the summer before last, that I attended
to nothing; the little I thought of in that way last summer, was
to get out my last volume of the Anecdotes; now I have nothing to
trouble myself about as an editor, and that not publicly, but to
finish my Catalogue--and that will be awkwardly enough; for so
many articles have been added to my collection since the
description was made, that I must add them in the appendix or
reprint it: and, what is more inconvenient, the positions of many
of the pictures have been changed; and so it will be a lame piece
of work. Adieu, my dear Sir! Yours most cordially.
Letter 206 To Sir David Dalrymple.(406)
Berkeley Square, Jan. 1, 1781. (page 264)
Your favourable opinion of my father, Sir, is too flattering(r to
me not to thank you for the satisfaction it gave me. Wit, I
think he had not naturally, though I am sure he had none from
affectation, as simplicity was a predominant feature in his
amiable composition. but he possessed that, perhaps, most true
species of wit, which flows from experience and deep knowledge of
mankind, and consequently had more in his later than in his
earlier years; which is not common to a talent that generally
flashes from spirits, though they alone cannot bestow it. When
you was once before so good, Sir, as to suggest to me an attempt
at writing my father's life, I probably made you one answer that
I must repeat now, which is, that a son's encomiums would be
attributed to partiality; and with my deep devotion to his
memory, I should ever suspect it in myself. But I will set my
repugnance in a stronger light, by relating an anecdote not
incurious. In the new edition of the Biographia Britannica, Dr.
Kippis, the tinker of it, reflecting on my having called the
former, Vindicatio Britannica, or Defence of Every body,
threatened that when he should come to my father's life he would
convince me that the new edition did not deserve that censure. I
confess I thought this but an odd sort of historian equity, to
reverse scripture and punish the sins of children upon their
fathers! However, I said nothing. Soon after Dr. Kippis himself
called on me, and in very gracious terms desired I would favour
him with anecdotes of my father's life. This was descending a
little from his censorial throne, but I took no notice; and only
told him, that I was so persuaded of the fairness of my father's
character, that I chose to trust it to the most unprejudiced
hands; and that all I could consent to was, that when he shall
have written it, if he would communicate it to me, I would point
out to him any material facts, if I should find any, that were
not truly noted. This was all I could contribute. Since that
time I have seen in the second volume a very gross accusation of
Sir Robert, at second or third hand, and to which the smallest
attention must give a negative. Sir Robert is accused of having,
out of spite, influenced the House of Commons to expel the late
Lord Barrington for the notorious job of the Hamburg
lottery.(407) Spite was not the ingredient most domineering in
my father's character; but whatever has been said of the
corruption or servility of Houses of Commons, when was there one
so prostitute, that it would have expelled one of their own
members for a fraud not proved, to gratify the vengeance of the
minister? and a minister must have been implacable indeed, and a
House of Commons profligate indeed, to inflict such a stigma on
an innocent man, because he had been attached to a rival
predecessor of the minister. It is not less strange that the
Hamburgher's son should not have vindicated his parent's memory
at the opportunity of the secret committee on Sir Robert, but
should wait for a manuscript memorandum of Serjeant Skinner after
the death of this last. I hope Sir Robert will have no such
apologist!
I do not agree less with you, Sir, in your high opinion of King
William. I think, and a far better judge, Sir Robert, thought
that Prince one of the wisest men that ever lived. Your bon-mot
of his was quite new to me. There are two or three passages in
the Diary of the second Earl of Clarendon that always struck me
as instances of wisdom and humour at once, particularly his
Majesty's reply to the lords who advised him (I think at
Salisbury,) to send away King James; and his few words, after
long patience, to that foolish lord himself, who harangued him on
the observance of his declaration. Such traits, and several of
Queen Anne (not equally deep) in the same journal, paint those
princes as characteristically as Lord Clarendon's able father
would have drawn them. There are two letters in the "Nugae
Antiquae," that exhibit as faithful pictures of Queen Elizabeth
and James the First, by delineating them in their private life
and unguarded hours.
You are much in the right, Sir, in laughing at those wise
personages, who not only dug up the corpse of Edward the First,
but restored Christian burial to his crown and robes. Methinks,
had they deposited those regalia in the treasury of the church,
they would have committed no sacrilege. I confess I have not
quite so heinous an idea of sacrilege as Dr. Johnson. Of all
kinds of robbery, that appears to me the lightest species which
injures nobody. Dr. Johnson is so pious, that in his journey to
your country, he flatters himself that all his readers will join
him in enjoying the destruction of two Dutch crews, who were
swallowed up by the ocean after they had robbed a church.(408) I
doubt that uncharitable anathema is more in the spirit of the Old
Testament than of the New.
(406) Now first published.
(407) See ant`e, p. 201, letter 147.-E.
(408) The following are Johnson's words:--"The two churches of
Elgin were stripped, and the lead was shipped to be sold in
Holland: I hope every reader will rejoice that this cargo of
sacrilege was lost at sea."-E.
Letter 207 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
January 3, 1781. (page 266)
After I had written my note to you last night, I called on * * *
* who gave me the dismal account of Jamaica,(409) that you will
see in the Gazette, and of the damage done to our shipping.
Admiral Rowley is safe; but they are in apprehensions for
Walsingham. He told me too what is not in the Gazette; that of
the expedition against the Spanish settlements, not a single man
survives! The papers to-day, I see, speak of great danger to
Gibraltar.
Your brother repeated to me his great desire that you should
publish your speech,(410) as he told you. I do not conceive why
he is so eager for it, for he professes total despair about
America. It looks to me as if there was a wish of throwing the
blame somewhere; but I profess I am too simple to dive into the
objects of shades of intrigues: nor do I care about them. We
shall be reduced to a miserable little island; and from a mighty
empire sink into as insignificant a country as Denmark or
Sardinia! When our trade and marine are gone, the latter of
which we keep up by unnatural efforts, to which our debt will put
a stop, we shall lose the East Indies as Portugal did; and then
France will dictate to us more imperiously than ever we did to
Ireland, which is in a manner already gone too! These are
mortifying reflections, to -which an English mind cannot easily
accommodate itself. But, alas! we have been pursuing the very
conduct that France would have prescribed, and more than with all
her presumption she could have dared to expect. Could she
flatter herself that we would take no advantage of the
dilatoriness and unwillingness of Spain to enter into the war?
that we would reject the disposition of Russia to support us? and
that our still more natural friend, Holland,(411) would be driven
into the league against us? All this has happened; and, like an
infant, we are delighted with having set our own frock in a
blaze! I sit and gaze with astonishment at our frenzy. Yet why?
Are not nations as liable to intoxication as individuals? Are
not predictions founded on calculation oftener rejected than the
prophecies of dreamers? Do we not act precisely like Charles
Fox, who thought he had discovered a new truth in figures, when
he preached that wise doctrine, that nobody could want money that
would pay enough for it? The consequence was, that in two years
he left himself without the possibility of borrowing a shilling.
I am not surprised at the spirits of' a boy of parts; I am not
surprised at the people; I do wonder at government, that games
away its consequence. For what are we now really at war with
America, France, Spain, and Holland!--Not with hopes of
reconquering America; not with the smallest prospect of
conquering a foot of land from France, Spain, or Holland. No; we
are at war on the defensive to protect what is left, or more
truly to stave off, for a year perhaps, a peace that must
proclaim our nakedness and impotence. I would not willingly
recur to that womanish vision of something may turn up in our
favour! That something must be a naval victory that will
annihilate at once all the squadrons of Europe--must wipe off
forty millions of new debt--reconcile the affections of America,
that for six years we have laboured to alienate; and that must
recall out of the grave the armies and sailors that are perished-
-and that must make thirteen provinces willing to receive the
law, without the necessity of keeping ten thousand men amongst
them. The gigantic imagination of Lord Chatham would not
entertain such a chimera. Lord * * * * perhaps would say he did,
rather than not undertake; or Mr. Burke could form a metaphoric
vision that would satisfy no imagination but his own: but I, who
am nullius addiclus itrare in verba, have no hopes either in our
resources or in our geniuses, and look on my country already as
undone! It is grievous--but I shall not have much time to lament
its fall!(412)
(409) On the 3d of October occurred one of the most dreadful
hurricanes ever experienced in the West Indies. In Jamaica,
Savannah la Mar, with three hundred inhabitants, was utterly
swept away by an irruption of the sea; and at Barbados, on the
10th, Bridgetown, the capital of the island, was almost levelled
to the ground, and several thousands of the inhabitants
perished.-E.
(410) "Introductory of a motion for leave to bring in a bill for
quieting the troubles that have for some time subsisted between
Great Britain and America, and enabling his Majesty to send out
commissioners with full power to treat with America for that
purpose." The motion was negatived by 123 against 81. For the
speech of General Conway, and a copy of his proposed bill, see
Parl. History, vol, Nxi. pp. 570, 588.-E.
(411) Mr. Henry Laurens, president of the American council,
having been taken by one of the King's frigates early in October
1780, on his passage to Holland, and it being discovered by the
papers in his possession that the American States had been long
carrying on a secret correspondence with Amsterdam, Sir Joseph
Yorke, the British minister at the Hague, demanded a satisfactory
explanation; but the same not being afforded, hostilities against
Holland were declared on the 28th of December 1780.-E.
(412) To this passage the editor of Walpole's Works subjoined, in
March 1798, the following note:--"It may be some comfort, in a
moment no less portentous and melancholy than the one here
described, to recollect the almost unhoped-for recovery of
national prosperity, which took place from the peace of 1782 to
the declaration of war against France in the year 1793. May our
exertions procure the speedy application of a similar remedy to
our present evils, and may that remedy be productive of equally
good effects!"-E.
Letter 208 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Feb. 7, 1781. (page 268)
Dear Sir,
I will not leave you a moment in suspense about the safety of
your very valuable volume, which you have so kindly sent me, and
which I have just received, with the enclosed letters, and your
other yesterday. I have not time to add a word more at present,
being full of business, having the night before last received an
account of Lady Orford's death at Pisa,(413) and a copy of her
will, which obliges me to write several letters, and to see my
relations. She has left every thing in her power to her friend
Cavalier Mozzi, at Florence; but her son comes into a large
estate, besides her great jointure. You may imagine, how I
lament that he had not patience to wait sixteen months, before he
sold his pictures!
I am very sorry you have been at all indisposed. I will take the
utmost care of your fifty-ninth volume (for which I give you this
receipt), and will restore it the instant I have had time to go
through it. Witness my hand.
(413) See vol. i. p. 243, letter 61.-E.
Letter 209 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
February 9, 1781. (page 268)
I had not time, dear Sir, when I wrote last, to answer your
letter, nor do more than cast an eye on your manuscripts. To say
the truth, my patience is not tough enough to go through Wolsey's
negotiations. I see that your perseverance was forced to make
the utmost efforts to transcribe them. They are immeasurably
verbose, not to mention the blunders of the first copyist. As I
road only for amusement, I cannot, so late in my life, purchase
information on what I do not much care about, at the price of a
great deal of ennui. The old wills at the end of your volume
diverted me much more than the obsolete politics. I shall say
nothing about what you call your old leaven. Every body must
judge for himself in those matters: nor are you or I of an age to
change long-formed opinions, as neither of us is governed by
self-interest. Pray tell me how I may most safely return your
volume. I value all your manuscripts so much, that I should
never forgive myself, if a single one came to any accident by
your so obligingly lending them to me. They are great treasures,
and contain something or other that must suit most tastes: not to
mention your amazing industry, neatness, legibility, with notes,
arms, etc. I know no such repositories. You will receive with
your manuscript Mr. Kerrick's and Mr. Gough's letters. The
former is very kind. The inauguration of the Antiquated Society
is burlesque and so is the dearth of materials for another
volume; can they ever want such rubbish as compose their
preceding annals?
I think it probable that story should be stone: however, I never
piqued myself on recording every mason. I have preserved but too
many that did not deserve to be mentioned. I dare to say, that
when I am gone, many more such will be added to my volumes. I
had not heard of poor Mr. Pennant's misfortune. I am very sorry
for it, for I believe him to be a very honest good-natured man.
He certainly was too lively for his proportion of understanding,
and too impetuous to make the best use of what he had. However,
it is a credit to us antiquaries to have one of our class
disordered by vivacity. I hope your goutiness is dissipated, and
that this last fine week has set you on your feet again.
Letter 210 To The Earl Of Buchan.(414)
Berkeley Square, Feb. 10, 1781. (page 269)
I was honoured yesterday with your lordship's card, with the
notification of the additional honour of my being elected an
honourary member of the Society of the Antiquaries of
Scotland;(415) a grace, my lord, that I receive with the respect
and gratitude due to so valuable a distinction; and for which I
must beg leave, through your lordship's favour, to offer my most
sincere and humble thanks to that learned and respectable
Society. My very particular thanks are still due to your
lordship, who, in remembrance of ancient partiality, have been
pleased, at the hazard of your own judgment, to favour an old
humble servant, who can only receive honour from, but can reflect
none on, the Society into which your lordship and your associates
have condescended to adopt him. In my best days, my lord, I
never could pretend to more than having flitted over some flowers
of knowledge. Now worn out and near the end of my course, I can
Only be a broken monument to prove that the Society of the
Antiquaries of Scotland are zealous to preserve even the least
valuable remains of a former age, and to recompense all who have
contributed their mite towards illustrating our common island. I
am, etc.
(414) Now first printed.
(415) The Royal Society of Antiquaries of Scotland had been
formed at Edinburgh in the preceding December, when the Earl of
Buchan was elected president.-E.
Letter 211 To Sir David Dalrymple.(416)
Strawberry Hill, Feb. 10, 1781. (page 270)
I was very intimate, Sir, with the last Lord Finlater when he was
Lord Deskford. We became acquainted at Rome on our travels, and
though during his illness and long residence in Scotland, we had
no intercourse, I had the honour of seeing him sometimes during
his last visit to England; but I am an entire stranger to the
anecdote relative to my father and Sir William Windham. I have
asked my brother, who was much more conversant in the scenes of
that time, for I was abroad when Sir William died, and returned
to England but about six months before my father's retirement, so
that having been at school and at Cambridge, or in my infancy,
during Sir Robert's administration, the little I retain from him
was picked up in the last three years of his life, which is an
answer, Sir, to your inquiries why, among other reasons, I have
always declined writing his life; for I could in reality say but
little on my own knowledge; and yet should have the air of being
good authority, at least better than I should truly be. My
brother, Sir Edward, who is eleven years older than I am, never
heard of your anecdote. I may add, that latterly I lived in
great intimacy with the Marchioness of Blandford, Sir William's
widow, who died but a year and a half ago at Sheepe, here in my
neighbourhood; and with Lady Suffolk, who could not but be well
acquainted with the history of those times from her long
residence at court, and with whom, for the last five or six years
of her life here at Twickenham, I have had many and many long
conversations on those subjects, and yet I never heard a word of
the supposed event you mention. I myself never heard Sir W.
William speak but once in the House of Commons, but have always
been told that his style and behaviour were most liberal and like
a gentleman and my brother says, there never passed any
bitterness or acrimony between him and our father.(417)
I will answer you as fairly and candidly, Sir, about Archibald
Duke of Argyll, of whom I saw at least a great deal. I do
believe Sir Robert had a full opinion of his abilities as a most
useful man. In fact, it is plain he had; for he depended on the
Duke, when Lord Islay, for the management of your part of the
island, and, as I have heard at the time, disobliged the most
firm of the Scottish Whigs by that preference. Sir Robert
supported Lord Islay against the Queen herself, who hated him for
his attachment to Lady Suffolk, and he was the only man of any
consequence whom her Majesty did not make feel how injudicious it
was (however novel) to prefer the interest of the mistress to
that of the wife. On my father's defeat his warm friends loudly
complained of Lord Islay as having betrayed the Scottish
boroughs, at the election of Sir Robert's last Parliament, to his
brother, Duke John. It is true too, that Sir Robert always
replied, "I do not accuse him." I Must own, knowing my father's
manner, and that when he said but little, it was not a favourable
symptom, I did think, that if he would not accuse, at least he
did not acquit. Duke Archibald was undoubtedly a dark shrewd
man. I recollect an instance for which I should not choose to be
quoted just at this moment, though it reflects on nobody living.
I forget the precise period, and even some of the persons
concerned; but it was in the minority of the present Duke of
Gordon, and you, Sir, can probably adjust the dates. A regiment
had been raised of Gordons. Duke Archibald desired the command
of it to a favourite of his own. The Duchess-dowager insisted on
it for her second husband. Duke A. said, "Oh! to be sure her
grace must be obeyed;" but instantly got the regiment ordered to
the East Indies, which had not been the reckoning of a widow
remarried to a young fellow.(418)
At the time of the rebellion, I remember that Duke Archibald was
exceedingly censured in London for coming thither, and pleading
that he was not empowered to take up arms. But I believe that I
have more than satisfied your curiosity, Sir, and that you will
not think it very prudent to set an old man on talking of the
days of his Youth.
I have just received the favour of a letter from Lord Buchan, in
which his lordship is so good as to acquaint me with the honour
your new Society of Antiquaries have done me in nominating me an
honourary member. I am certainly much flattered by the
distinction, but am afraid his lordship's partiality and
patronage will in this only instance do him no credit. My
knowledge even of British antiquity has ever been desultory and
most superficial; I have never studied any branch of science
deeply and solidly, nor ever but for temporary \amusement, and
without any system, suite, or method. Of late years I have
quitted every connexion with societies, not only Parliament, but
those of our Antiquaries and of Arts and Sciences, and have not
attended the meetings of the Royal Society. I have withdrawn
myself in a great measure from the world, and live in a very
narrow circle idly and obscurely. Still, Sir, I could not
decline the honour your Society has been pleased to offer me,
lest it should be thought a want of respect and gratitude,
instead of a mark of humility and conscious unworthiness. I am
so sensible of this last, that I cannot presume to offer my
services in this part of' our island to so respectable an
assembly; but if you, Sir, who know too well my limited
abilities, can at any time point out any information that it is
in my power to give to the Society, (as in the case of Royal
Scottish portraits, on which Lord Buchan was pleased to Consult
Me,) I shall be very proud to obey your and their commands, and
shall always be with great regard their and your most obedient
humble servant.
P. S. I do not know whether I ever mentioned to you or Lord
Buchan, Sir, a curious and excellent head in oil of the Lady
Margaret Douglas at Mr. Carteret's, at Hawnes in Bedfordshire,
the seat of his grandfather Lord Granville; I know few better
portraits. It is at once a countenance of goodness and cunning,
a mixture I think pleasing. It seems to imply that the person's
virtue was not founded on folly or ignorance of the world; it
implies perhaps more, that the person would combat treachery and
knavery, and knew how. I could fancy the head in question was
such a character as Margaret Queen of Navarre, sister of Francis
the First. who was very free in her conversation and writings,
yet strictly virtuous; debonnaire, void of ambition; yet a
politician when her brother's situation required it. If your
Society should give into engraving historic portraits, this head
would deserve an early place. There is at Lord Scarborough's in
Yorkshire, a double portrait, perhaps by Holbein or Lucas de
Heere, of Lady Margaret's mother, Queen Margaret, and her second
husband.
(416) Now first collected.
(417) Pope in his second Dialogue for the Year 1738, has
transmitted Sir William's character to posterity--
"How can I, Pultney, Chesterfield, forget,
While Roman spirit charms, and Attic wit?
Or Wyndham, just to freedom and the throne,
The master of our passions and his own?"
Speaker Onslow says, "there was a spirit and power in his
speaking that always animated himself and his hearers, and with
the decoration of his manner, which was, indeed, very ornamental,
produced, not only the most attentive, respectful, but even a
reverend regard, to whatever he spoke."-E.
(418) See Memoires of George the Second, vol. i. p. 240. "In his
private life," says Walpole, "he had more merit, except in the
case of his wife, whom, having been deluded into marrying without
a fortune, he punished by rigorous and unrelaxed confinement in
Scotland. He had a great thirst for books; a head admirably
turned to mechanics; was a patron of ingenious men, a promoter of
discoveries, and one of the first encouragers of planting in
England; most of the curious exotics which have been familiarized
to this climate being introduced by him. He died suddenly in his
chair after dinner, at his house in Argyle-buildings, London,
April 15, 1761."-E.
Letter 212 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, March 2, 1781. (page 272)
Dear Sir,
My Lady Orford ordered herself to be buried at Leghorn, the only
place in Tuscany where Protestants have burial; therefore I
suppose she did not affect to change. On the contrary, I believe
she had no preference for any sect, but rather laughed at all. I
know nothing new, neither in novelty nor antiquity. I have had
no gout this winter, and therefore I call it my leap-year. I am
sorry it is not yours too. It is an age since I saw Dr. lort. I
hope illness is not the cause. You will be diverted with hearing
that I am chosen an honourary member of the new Antiquarian
Society at Edinburgh. I accepted for two reasons: first, it is a
feather that does not demand my flying thither; and secondly, to
show contempt for our own old fools.(419) To me it will be a
perfect sinecure; for I have moulted all my pen feathers, and
shall have no ambition of nestling into their printed
transactions. Adieu, my good Sir. Your much obliged.
(419) Cole, in a letter to Mr. Gough, acquainting him with
Walpole's election, adds--"The admission of a few things into our
Archaeologia, has, I fear, estranged for ever one of the most
lively, learned, and entertaining members on our list."-E.
Letter 213 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
March 5, 1781. (PAGE 273)
I do not in the least guess or imagine what you mean by Lord
Hardwicke's publication of a Walpoliana.(420) Naturally it
should mean a collection of sayings or anecdotes of my father,
according to the French Anas, which began, I think, with those of
Menage. Or, is it a collection of letters and state-papers,
during his administration? I own I am curious to know at least
what this piece contains. I had not heard a word of it; and,
were it not for the name, I should have very little
inquisitiveness about it: for nothing upon earth ever was duller
than the three heavy tomes his lordship printed of Sir Dudley
Carleton's Negotiations, and of what he called State-papers.
Pray send me an answer as soon as you can, at least of as much as
you have heard about this thing.
(420) "Walpoliana; or a few Anecdotes of Sir Robert Walpole"--an
agreeable little collection of anecdotes relative to Sir Robert
Walpole, made by Philip second Earl of Hardwicke; printed in
quarto, but never published.-E.
Letter 214 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, March 29, 1781. (PAGE 273)
You are so good-natured that I am sure you will be glad to be
told that the report of Mr. Pennant being disordered is not true.
He is come to town--has been with me, and at least is as composed
as ever I saw him. He is going to publish another part of his
Welsh Tour, which he can well afford; though I believe he does
not lose by his works. An aunt is dead, exceedingly rich, who
had given some thousands to him and his daughter, but suddenly
changed her mind and left all to his sister, who has most nobly
given him all that had been destined in the cancelled will. Dr.
Nash has just published the first volume of his Worcestershire.
It is a folio of prodigious corpulence, and yet dry enough; but
then it is finely dressed, and has many heads and views.(421)
Dr. Lort was with me yesterday, and I never saw him better, nor
has he been much out of order. I hope your gout has left you;
but here are winds bitter enough to give one any thing. Yours
ever.
(421) Dr. Threadway Nash's "Collections for the History of
Worcestershire;" 1781-1799; in two volumes, folio.-E.
Letter 215 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
April 3, 1781.(PAGE 274)
I am very sorry, dear Sir, that, in my last letter but one, I
took notice of what you said of Lord Hardwicke; the truth was, I
am perfectly indifferent about what he prints or publishes.
There is generally a little indirect malice but so much more
dulness, that the latter soon suffocates the former. This is
telling you that I could not be offended at any thing you said of
him, nor am I likely to suspect a sincere friend of disobliging
me. You have proved the direct contrary these forty years. I
have not time to say more, but am ever most truly yours.
Letter 216 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, May 4, 1781. (PAGE 274)
I shall not only be ready to show Strawberry Hill, at any time he
chooses, to Dr. Farmer, as your friend, but to be honoured with
his acquaintance, though I am very shy now of contracting new. I
have great respect for his character and abilities and Judicious
taste, and am very clear that he has elucidated Shakspeare(422)
in a more reasonable and satisfactory manner than any of his
affected commentators, who only complimented him with learning
that he had not, in order to display their own.
Pray give me timely notice whenever I am likely to see Dr.
Farmer, that I may not be out of the way when I can have an
opportunity of showing attention to a friend of yours, and pay a
small part of your gratitude to him. There shall be a bed at his
service; for you know Strawberry cannot be seen in a moment, nor
are Englishmen so liants as to get acquainted in the time they
are walking through a house.
But now, my good Sir, how could you suffer your prejudiced
partiality to me to run away with you so extravagantly, as to
call me one of the greatest characters of the age? You are too
honest to flatter, too much a hermit to be interested, and I am
too powerless and insignificant to be an object of court, were
you capable of paying it from mercenary views. I know then that
it could proceed from nothing but the warmth of your heart; but
if you are blind towards me, I am not so to myself. I know not
how others feel on such occasions, but if any one happens to
praise me, all my faults rush into my face, and make me turn my
eyes inward and outward with horror. What am I but a poor old
skeleton tottering towards the grave, and conscious of a thousand
weaknesses, follies, and worse! And for talents, what are mine
but trifling and superficial; and, compared with those of men
with real genius, most diminutive! Mine a great character! Mercy
on me! I am a composition of Anthony Wood and Madame Danois,(423)
and I know not what trumpery writers. This is the least I can
say to refute your panegyric, which I shall burn presently; for I
will not have such an encomiastic letter found in my possession,
lest I should seem to have been pleased with it. I enjoin you, as
a penance, not to contradict one tittle I have said here; for I
am not begging more compliments, and shall take it seriously ill
if you ever pay me another. We have been friends above forty
years; I am satisfied of your sincerity and affection; but does
it become us, at past threescore each, to be saying fine things
to one another? Consider how soon we shall both be nothing!
I assure you, with great truth, I am at this present very sick of
my little vapour of fame. My tragedy has wandered into the hands
of some banditti booksellers, and I am forced to publish it
myself to prevent piracy.(424) All I can do is to condemn it
myself, and that I shall. I am reading Mr. Pennant's new Welsh
Tour; he has pleased me by making very handsome mention of you;
but I will not do, what I have been blaming.
My poor dear Madame du Deffand's little dog is arrived. She made
me promise to take care of it the last time I saw her: that I
will most religiously, and make it as happy as is possible.(425)
I have not much curiosity to see your Cambridge Raphael, but
great desire to see you, and will certainly this summer, accept
your invitation,, which I take much kinder than your great
character, though both flowed from the same friendship. Mine for
you is exactly what it has been ever since you knew (and few men
can boast so uninterrupted a friendship as yours and that of--)
H. W.
(422) In his well-known "Essay on the Learning of Shakspeare."-E.
(423) Madame d'Aulnoy, the contemporary of Perrault, and, like
him, a writer of fairy tales. She was the authoress of "The
Lady's Travels in Spain," and many other works, which have been
translated into English.-E.
(424) Walpole had printed fifty copies of"The Mysterious Mother"
at Strawberry Hill as early as the year 1765; but a surreptitious
edition of it being announced in 1781, he consented to Dodsley's
publishing a genuine one.-E.
(425) In his reply to this letter, of the 7th of May, the worthy
antiquary says-"I congratulate the little Parisian dog, that he
has fallen into the hands of so humane a master. I have a little
diminutive dog, Busy, full as great a favourite, and never out of
my lap: I have already, in case of an accident, ensured it a
refuge from starvation and ill-usage. It is the least we can do
for poor harmless, shiftless, pampered animals that have amused
us, and we have spoilt." A brother antiquary, on reading this
passage, exclaimed, "How could Mr. Cole ever get through the
transcript of a Bishop's Registry, or a Chartulary, with Busy
never out of his lap!"-E.
Letter 217 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill,, Sunday evening, May 6, 1781. (PAGE 275)
I supped With your Countess on Friday at Lord Frederick
Campbell's, where I heard of the relief of Gibraltar by Darby.
The Spanish fleet kept close in Cadiz: however, he lifted up his
leg, and just squirted contempt on them. As he is disembarrassed
of his transports, I suppose their ships will scramble on shore
rather than fight. Well, I shall be perfectly content with our
fleet coming back in a whole skin; it will be enough to have
outquixoted Don Quixote's own nation. As I knew, your Countess
would write the next day, I waited till she was gone out of town
and would not have much to tell you--not that I have either; and
it is giving myself an air to pretend to know more at Twickenham
than she can at Henley. Though it is a bitter northeast, I came
hither to-day to look at my lilacs, though `a la glace; and to
get from pharaoh, for which there is a rage. I doted on it above
thirty years ago; but it is not decent to sit up all night now
with boys and girls. My nephew, Lord Cholmondeley, the banker `a
la mode, has been demolished. He and his associate, Sir
Willoughby Aston, went early t'other night to Brookcs's, before
Charles Fox and Fitzpatrick, who keep a bank there, were come;
but they soon arrived, attacked their rivals, broke their bank,
and won above four thousand pounds. "There," said Fox, "so
should all usurpers be served!" He did still better; for he sent
for his tradesmen, and paid as far as the money would go. In the
mornings he continues his war on Lord North, but cannot break
that bank. The court has carried a secret committee for India
affairs, and it is supposed that Rumbold is to be the sacrifice;
but as he is near as rich as Lord Clive, I conclude he will
escape by the same golden key.
I told you in my last that Tonton was arrived. I brought him
this morning to take possession of his new villa, but his
installation has not been at all pacific. As he has already
found out that he may be as despotic as at Saint Joseph's, he
began with exiling my beautiful little cat; upon which, however,
we shall not quite agree. He then flew at one of my dogs,(426)
who returned it by biting his foot till it bled, but was severely
beaten for it. I immediately rung for Margaret,(427) to dress
his foot: but in the midst of my tribulation could not keep my
countenance; for she cried, "Poor little thing, he does not
understand my language!" I hope she will not recollect too that
he is a Papist!
Berkeley Square, Tuesday, May 8.
I came before dinner, and found your long letter of the 3d. You
have mistaken Tonton's sex, who is a cavalier, and a little of
the mousquetaire still; but if I do not correct his vivacities,
at least I shall not encourage them like my dear old friend.
You say nothing of your health; therefore, I trust it is quite
re-established: my own is most flourishing for me. They say the
Parliament will rise by the birthday; not that it seems to be any
grievance or confinement to any body. I hope you will soon come
and enjoy a quiet summer under the laurels of your own
conscience. They are at least as spreading as any body's else;
and the soil will preserve their verdure for ever. Methinks we
western powers might as well make peace. since we make war so
clumsily. Yet I doubt the awkwardness of our enemies will not
have brought down our stomach. Well, I wish for the sake of
mankind there was an end of their sufferings! Even spectators
are not amused--the whole war has passed like the riotous murmurs
of the upper gallery before the play begins--they have pelted the
candle-snuffers, the stage has been swept, the music has played,
people have taken their places--but the deuce a bit of any
performance!--And when folks go home, they will have seen nothing
but a farce, that has cost fifty times more than the best
tragedy!
(426) This does not quite accord with the favourable character
given of Tonton by Madame du Deffand's secretary, Wyrt, in a
letter to Walpole:--"Je garderai," he says, "Tonton jusqu'au
d`epart de M. Thomas Walpole; j'en ai le plus grand soin. Il est
tr`es doux; il ne mord personne; il n'`etait m`echant qu'aupr`es
de sa maitresse."-E.
(427) Mr. Walpole's housekeeper.
Letter 218 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Berkeley Square, May 28, 1781. (PAGE 277)
This letter, like an embarkation, will not set out till it has
gotten its complement; but I begin it, as I have just received
your second letter. I wrote to you two days ago, and did not
mean to complain; for you certainly cannot have variety of matter
in your sequestered isle: and since you do not disdain trifling
news, this good town, that furnishes nothing else, at least
produces weeds, which shoot up in spite of the Scotch thistles,
that have choked all good fruits. I do not know what Lady Craven
designs to do with her play; I hope, act it only in private; for
her other was murdered, and the audience did not exert the least
gallantry to so pretty an authoress, though she gave them so fair
an opportunity. For my own play, I was going to publish it in my
own defence, as a spurious edition was advertised here, besides
one in Ireland. My advertisement has overlaid the former for the
present, and that tempts me to suppress mine, as I have a
thorough aversion to its appearance. Still, I think I shall
produce it in the dead of summer, that it may be forgotten by
winter; for I could not bear having it the subject of
conversation in a full town. It is printed; so I can let it
steal out in the midst of the first event that engrosses the
public; and as it is not quite a novelty, I have no fear but it
will be stillborn, if it is twin with any babe that squalls and
makes much noise.
At the same time with yours I received a letter from another
cousin at Paris, who tells me Necker is on the verge, and in the
postscript says, he has actually resigned. I heard so a few days
ago; but this is a full confirmation. Do you remember a
conversation at your house, at supper, in which a friend of yours
spoke, very unfavourably of Necker, and seemed to wish his fall?
In my own opinion they are much in the wrong. It is true, Necker
laboured with all his shoulders to restore their finances; yet I
am persuaded that his attention to that great object made him
clog all their military operations. They will pay dearer for
money; but money they will have: nor is it so dear to them, for,
when they have gotten it, they have only not to pay. A Monsieur
Joly de Fleury is comptroller-general. I know nothing of him;
but as they change so often, some able man will prove minister at
last--and there they will have the advantage again.
Lord Cornwallis's courier, Mr. Broderick, is not yet arrived; so
you are a little precipitate in thinking America so much nearer
to be subdued, which you have often swallowed up as if you were a
minister; and yet, methinks, that era has been so frequently put
off, that I wonder you are not cured of being sanguine--or
rather, of believing the magnificent lies that every trifling
advantage gives birth to. If a quarter of the Americans had
joined the Royalists, that have been said to join, all the
colonies would not hold them. But, at least, they have been like
the trick of kings and queens at cards; where one Of two goes
back every turn to fetch another. However, this Is only for
conversation for the moment. With such aversion to disputation,
I have no zeal for making converts to my own opinions not even on
points that touch me nearer.
Thursday, May 31.
If you see the papers, you will find that there was a warm debate
yesterday on a fresh proposal from Hartley(428) for pacification
with America; in which the ministers were roundly reproached with
their boasts of the returning zeal of the colonies and which,
though it ought by their own accounts to be so much nearer
Complete, they could not maintain to be at all effectual; though
even yesterday a report was revived of a second victory of Lord
Cornwallis. This debate prevented another on the Marriage-bill,
which Charles Fox wants to get repealed, and which he told me he
was going to labour. I mention this from the circumstance of the
moment when he told ne so. I had been to see if Lady Ailesbury
was come to town; as I came up St. James's-street, I saw a cart
and porters at Charles's door; coppers and old chests of drawers
loading. In short, his success at faro has awakened his host of
creditors; but unless his bank had swelled to the size of the
bank of England, it could not have yielded a sop apiece for each.
Epsom, too, had been unpropitious; and One creditor has actually
seized and carried off his goods, which did not seem worth
removing. As I returned full of this scene, whom should I find
sauntering by my own door but Charles? He came up and talked to
me at the coach-window, on the Marriage-bill(429) With as much
sang-froid as if he knew nothing of what had happened. I have no
admiration for insensibility to one's own faults, especially when
committed out of vanity. Perhaps the whole philosophy consisted
in the commission. If you could have been as much to blame, the
last thing you would bear well would be your own reflections.
The more marvellous Fox's parts are, the more one is provoked at
his follies, which comfort so many rascals and blockheads, and
make all that is admirable and amiable in him only matter of
regret to those who like him as I do.
I did intend to settle at Strawberry on Sunday; but must return
on Thursday, for a party made at Marlborough-house for Princess
Amelia. I am continually tempted to retire entirely; and should,
if I did not see how very unfit English tempers are for living
quite out of the world. We grow abominably peevish and severe on
others, if we are not constantly rubbed against and polished by
them. I need not name friends and relations of yours and mine as
instances. My prophecy on the short reign of faro is verified
already. The bankers find that all the calculated advantages of
the game do not balance pinchbeck parolis and debts of honourable
women. The bankers, I think, might have had a previous and more
generous reason, the very bad air of holding a bank:--but this
country is as hardened against the petite morale, as against the
greater.--What should I think of the world if I quitted it
entirely?
(428) On the preceding day, Mr. Hartley had moved for leave to
bring in a bill to invest the Crown with sufficient power to
treat upon the means of restoring peace with the provinces of
north America. It was Negatived by 106 against 72.-E.
(429) On the 7th of June Mr. Fox moved for leave to bring in a
bill to amend the act of the 26th of George the Second, for
preventing clandestine marriages. The bill passed the Commons,
but was rejected by the Lords.-E.
Letter 219 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, June 3, 1781. (PAGE 279)
You know I have more philosophy about you than courage, yet for
once I have been very brave. There was an article in the papers
last week that said, a letter from Jersey mentioned apprehensions
of being attacked by four thousand French. Do you know that I
treated the paragraph with scorn? No, no; I am not afraid for
your island, when you are at home in it, and have had time to
fortify it, and have sufficient force. No, no; it will not be
surprised when you are there, and when our fleet is returned, and
Digby before Brest. However, with all my valour, I could not
help going to your brother to ask a few questions; but he had
heard of no such letter. The French would be foolish indeed if
they ran their heads a third time against your rocks, when
watched by the most vigilant of all governors. Your nephew
George(430) is arrived with the fleet: my door opened t'other
morning; I looked towards the common horizon of heads, but was a
foot and a half below any face. The handsomest giant in the
world made but one step across my room, and seizing my hand, gave
it such a robust gripe that I squalled; for he crushed my poor
chalk-stones to powder. When I had recovered from the pain of
his friendly salute, I said, "It must be George Conway! and yet,
is it possible? Why, it is not fifteen months ago since you was
but six feet high!" In a word, he is within an inch of Robert and
Edward, with larger limbs; almost as handsome as Hugh, with all
the bloom of youth; and, in short, another of those comely sons
of Anak, the breed of which your brother and Lady Hertford have
piously restored for the comfort of the daughters of Sion. He is
delighted with having tapped his warfare with the siege of
Gibraltar, and burns to stride to America. The town, he says, is
totally destroyed, and between two and three hundred persons were
killed.--Well, it is a pity Lady Hertford has done breeding: we
shall want such a race to repeople even the ruins we do not lose!
The rising generation does give one some hopes. I confine myself
to some of this year's birds. The young William Pitt(431) has
again displayed paternal oratory. The other day, on the
commission of accounts, he answered Lord North, and tore him limb
from limb. If Charles Fox could feel, one should Think such a
rival, with an unspotted character, would rouse him. What, if a
Pitt and Fox should again be rivals! A still newer orator has
appeared in the India business, a Mr. Bankes,(432) and against
Lord North too; and with a merit that the very last crop of
orators left out of their rubric--modesty. As young Pitt is
modest too, one would hope some genuine English may revive!(433)
Tuesday, June 5.
This is the season of opening my cake-house. I have chosen a bad
spot, if I meant to retire; and calculated ill, when I made it a
puppet-show. Last week we had two or three mastiff-days; for
they were fiercer than our common dog-days. It is cooled again;
but rain is as great a rarity as in Egypt; and father Thames is
so far from being a Nile, that he is dying for thirst himself.
But it would be prudent to reserve paragraphs of weather till
people are gone out of town; for then I can have little to send
you else from hence.
Berkeley Square, June 6.
As soon as I came to town to-day Le Texier called on me, and told
me he has miscarried of Pygmalion. The expense would have
mounted to 150 pounds and he could get but sixty subscribers at a
guinea apiece. I am glad his experience and success have taught
him thrift. I did not expect it. Sheridan had a heavier
miscarriage last night. The two Vestris had imagined a f`ete;
and, concluding that whatever they designed would captivate the
town and its purses, were at the expense of 1200 pounds and,
distributing tickets at two guineas apiece, disposed of not two
hundred. It ended in a bad opera, that began three hours later
than usual, and at quadruple the price. There were bushels of
dead flowers, lamps, country dances--and a cold supper. Yet they
are not abused as poor Le Texier was last year.
June 8.
I conclude my letter, and I hope our present correspondence, very
agreeably; for your brother told me last night, that you have
written to Lord Hillsborough for leave to return. If all our
governors could leave their dominions in as good plight, it were
lucky. Your brother owned, what the Gazette with all its
circumstances cannot conceal, that Lord Cornwallis's triumphs
have but increased our losses, without leaving any hopes. I am
told that his army, which when he parted from Clinton amounted to
seventeen thousand men, does not now contain above as many
hundred, except the detachments. The Gazette, to my sorrow and
your greater sorrow, speaks of Colonel O'Hara having received two
dangerous wounds. Princess Amelia was at Marlborough-house last
night, and played at faro till twelve o'clock. There ends the
winter campaign! I go to Strawberry-hill to-morrow; and I hope,
a l'Irlandaise, that the next letter I write to you will be not
to write to you any more.
(430) Lord George Seymour Conway, seventh son of Francis, first
Earl and Marquis of Hertford; born 1763.-E.
(431) The young William Pitt," afterwards, as Walpole
anticipated, the proud rival of Charles Fox, and for so long a
period the prime-minister of England, delivered his maiden speech
in the House of Commons, on the 26th of February, in favour of
Mr. Burke's bill for an economical reform in the civil list.
"Never," says his preceptor, Bishop Tomline, "were higher
expectations formed of any person upon his first coming into
Parliament, and never were expectations more completely answered.
They were, indeed, much more than answered; such were the fluency
and accuracy of language, such the perspicuity of arrangement,
and such the closeness of reasoning, and manly and dignified
elocution,--generally, even in a much less degree, the fruits of
long habit and experience,--that it could scarcely be believed to
be the first speech of a young man not yet two-and-twenty. On
the following day, knowing my anxiety upon every subject which
related to him, Mr. Pitt, with his accustomed kindness, wrote to
me at Cambridge, to inform me that 'he had heard his own voice in
the House of Commons,' and modestly expressed his satisfaction at
the manner in which his first attempt at parliamentary speaking
had been received."-E.
(432) Henry Bankes, Esq. of Kingston Hall. He represented
Corfe-Castle from 1780 to 1826, and the county of Dorset from
that time until 1831. In 1818, he published "The Civil and
Constitutional History of Rome, from the Foundation to the Age of
Augustus," in two volumes, 8vo; and died in 1834.-E.
(433) Mr. Wilberforce, in a letter to a friend, of the 9th of
June, says--"The papers will have informed you how Mr. William
Pitt, second son of the late Lord Chatham has distinguished
himself: he comes out as his father did, a ready-made orator, and
I doubt not but that I shall one day or other, see him the first
man in the country." Life, vol. 1. p. 22.-E.
Letter 220 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, June 13, 1781. (PAGE 281)
It was very kind, my dear lord, to recollect me so soon: I wish I
Could return it by amusing you; but here I know nothing, and
suppose it is owing to age that even in town I do not find the
transactions of the world very entertaining. One must sit up all
night to see or hear any thing; and if the town intends to do any
thing, they never begin to do it till next day. Mr. Conway will
certainly be here the end of this month, having thoroughly
secured his island from surprise, and it is not liable to be
taken any other way. I wish he was governor of this bigger one
too, which does not seem quite so well guaranteed.
Your lordship will wonder at a visit I had yesterday: it was from
Mr. Storer, who has passed a day and night here. It was not from
my being a fellow-scholar of Vestris, but from his being turned
antiquary; the last passion I should have thought a macaroni
would have taken. I am as proud of such a disciple as of having
converted Dicky Bateman from a Chinese to a Goth. Though he was
the founder of the Sharawadgi taste in England, I preached so
effectually that his every pagoda took the veil. The Methodists
say, one must have been very wicked before one can be of the
elect--yet is that extreme more distant from the ton, which avows
knowing and liking nothing but the fashion of the instant, to
studying what were the modes of five hundred years ago? I hope
this conversion will not ruin Mr. Storer's fortune under the Lord
Lieutenant of Ireland. How his Irish majesty will be shocked
when he asks how large Prince Boothby's shoe-buckles are grown,
to be answered, he does not know, but that Charles Brandon's
cod-piece at the last birthday had three yards of velvet in it!
and that the Duchess of Buckingham thrust out her chin two inches
farther than ever in admiration of it! and that the Marchioness
of Dorset had put out her jaw by endeavouring to imitate her!
We have at last had some rains, which I hope extended to
Yorkshire, and that your lordship has found Wentworth Castle in
the bloom of verdure. I always, as in duty bound, wish
prosperity to every body and every thing there, and am your
lordship's ever devoted and grateful humble servant.
Letter 221To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, June 16, 1781. (PAGE 282)
Your last account of yourself was so indifferent, that I am
impatient for a better: pray send me a much better.
I know little in your way but that Sir Richard Worseley has just
published a History of the Isle of Wight, with many views poorly
done enough.(434) Mr. Bull(435) is honouring me, at least my
Anecdotes of Painting, exceedingly. He has let every page into a
pompous sheet, and is adding every print of portrait, building,
etc. that I mention, and that he can get, and specimens of all
our engravers. It will make eight magnificent folios, and be a
most valuable body of our arts. Nichols the printer has
published a new Life of Hogarth,(436) of near two hundred pages-
-many more, in truth, than it required: chiefly it is the life of
his works, containing all the variations, and notices of any
persons whom he had in view. I cannot say there are discoveries
of many prints which I have not mentioned, though I hear Mr.
Gulston(437) says he has fifteen such; but I suppose he only
fancies so. Mr. Nichols says our printsellers are already adding
Hogarth's name to several spurious. Mr. Stevens, I hear, has
been allowed to ransack Mrs. Hogarth's house for obsolete and
unfinished plates, which are to be completed and published.
Though she was not pleased with my account of her husband, and
seems by these transactions to have encouraged the second, I
assure you I have much more reason to be satisfied than she has,
the editor or editors being much civiller to living me than to
dead Hogarth--yet I should not have complained. Every body has
the same right to speak their sentiments. Nay, in general, I
have gentler treatment than I expected, and I think the world and
I part good friends.
I am now setting about the completion of my AEdes Strawberrianae.
A painter is to come hither on Monday to make a drawing of the
Tribune, and finish T. Sandby's fine view of the gallery, to
which I could never get him to put the last hand. They will Then
be engraved with a few of the chimney-pieces, which will complete
the plates. I must add an appendix of curiosities, purchased or
acquired since the Catalogue was printed. This will be awkward,
but I cannot afford to throw away an hundred copies. I shall
take care if I can that Mr. Gough does not get fresh intelligence
from my engravers, or he will advertise my supplement, before the
book appears. I do not think it was very civil to publish such
private intelligence, to which he had no right without my leave;
but every body seems to think he may do what is good in his own
eyes. I saw the other day, in a collection of seats (exquisitely
engraved), a very rude insult on the Duke of Devonshire. The
designer went to draw a view of Chiswick, without asking leave,
and was not hindered, for he has given it; but he says he was
treated illiberally, the house not being shown without tickets,
which he not only censures, but calls a singularity, though a
frequent practice in other places, and practised there to my
knowledge for these thirty years: so every body is to come into
your house if he pleases, draw it whether you please or not, and
by the same rule, I suppose, put any thing into his pockets that
he likes. I do know, by experience, what a grievance it is to
have a house worth being seen, and though I submit in consequence
to great inconveniences, they do not save me from many
rudenesses. Mr. Southcote(438) was forced to shut up his
garden, for the savages who came as connoisseurs scribbled a
thousand brutalities, in the buildings, upon his religion. I
myself, at Canons, saw a beautiful table of oriental alabaster
that had been split in two by a buck in boots jumping up
backwards to sit upon it.
I have placed the oaken head Of Henry the Third over the middle
arch of the armoury. Pray tell me what the church of Barnwell,
near Oundle, was, which his Majesty endowed, and whence his head
came. Dear Sir, Yours most sincerely.
(434) Sir Richard Worsley is better known by his splendid work,
the "Museum Worsleianum; or, a Collection of antique
Basso-relievos, Bustos, Statues, and Gems; with views of places
in the Levant, taken on the spot, in the years 1785-6-7;" in two
volumes, folio. Sir Richard sat many years in Parliament for the
borough of Newport, and was governor of the Isle of Wight, where
he died in 1805.-E.
(435) Richard Bull, Esq. a famous collector of portraits.-E.
(436) " Biographical Anecdotes of William Hogarth; and a
Catalogue of his Works, chronologically arranged; with occasional
Remarks."-E.
(437) Joseph Gulston, Esq. also an eminent portrait collector.-E.
(438) Philip Southcote, Esq. of Wooburn Farm, Chertsey: one of
the first places improved according to the principles of modern
gardening.-E.
Letter 222 To The Earl Of Charlemont.(439)
Strawberry Hill, July 1, 1781. (PAGE 284)
I should have been exceedingly flattered, my lord, by receiving a
present from your lordship, which at once proves that I retain a
place in your lordship's memory, and you think me worthy of
reading what you like. I could not wait to give your lordship a
thousand thanks for so kind a mark of your esteem till I had done
through the volume, which I may venture to say I shall admire, as
I find it contains some pieces which I had seen, and did admire,
without knowing their author. That approbation was quite
impartial. Perhaps my future judgment of the rest will be not a
little prejudiced, and yet on good foundation; for if Mr.
Preston(440) has retained my suffrage in his favour by dedicating
his poems to your lordship, it must at least be allowed that I am
biassed by evidence of his taste. He would not possess the
honour of your friendship unless he deserved it; and, as he knows
you, he would not have ventured to prefix your name, my lord, to
poems that did not deserve your patronage. I dare to say they
will meet the approbation of better judges than I can pretend to
be. I have the honour to be, with the greatest respect, esteem,
and gratitude.
(439) Now first collected.
(440) William Preston, Esq. a young Irish gentleman, of whom Lord
Charlemont had become the friend and patron. He afterwards
published "Thoughts on Lyric Poetry, with an Ode to the Moon;" an
"essay on Ridicule, Wit, and Humour;" and a translation of the
Argonautics of Appollonius Rhodius. He died in 1807.-E.
Letter 223 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, July 7, 1781. (PAGE 284)
My good Sir, you forget that I have a cousin, eldest son of Lord
Walpole, and of a marriageable age, who has the same Christian
name as I. The Miss Churchill he has married is my niece, second
daughter of my sister, Lady Mary Churchill; so that if I were in
my dotage, I must have looked out for another bride--in short, I
hope you will have no occasion to wish me joy of any egregious
folly. I do congratulate you on your better health, and on the
Duke of Rutland's civilities to you. I am a little surprised at
his brother, who is a seaman, having a propensity to divinity,
and wonder you object to it; the church navigant would be an
extension of its power. As to orthodoxy, excuse me if I think it
means nothing at all but every man's own opinion. Were every man
to define his faith, I am persuaded that no two men are or ever
were exactly of the same opinion in all points and as men are
more angry at others for differing with them on a single point,
than satisfied with their Concurrence in all others, each would
deem every body else a heretic. Old or new Opinions are exactly
of the same authority, for every opinion must have been new when
first started; and no man has nor ever had more right than
another to dictate, unless inspired. St. Peter and St. Paul
disagreed from the earliest time, and who can be sure which was
in the right? and if one of the apostles was in the wrong, who
may not be mistaken? When you will tell me which was the
orthodox, and which the heterodox apostle, I will allow that you
know what orthodoxy is.(441) You and I are perhaps the two
persons who agree the best with very different ways of thinking;
and perhaps the reason is, that we have a mutual esteem for each
other's sincerity, and, from an experience of more than forty
years, are persuaded that neither of us has any interested
views.(442) For my own part, I confess honestly that I am far
from having the same charity for those whom I suspect of
mercenary views. If Dr. Butler, when a private clergyman, wrote
Whig pamphlets, and when Bishop of Oxford preaches Tory sermons,
I should not tell him that he does not know what orthodoxy is,
but I am convinced he does not care what it is. The Duke of
Rutland seems much more liberal than Butler or I, when he is so
civil to you, though you voted against his brother. I am not
acquainted with his grace, but I respect his behaviour; he is
above prejudices.
The story of poor Mr. Cotton(443) is shocking, whichever way it
happened, but most probably it was accident.
I am ashamed at the price of my book, though not my fault; but I
have so often been guilty myself of giving ridiculous prices for
rarities, though of no intrinsic value, that I must not condemn
the same folly in others. Every thing tells me how silly I am! I
pretend to reason, and yet am a virtuoso! Why should I presume
that, at sixty-four, I am too wise to marry? and was you, who
know so many of my weaknesses, in the wrong to suspect me of one
more? Oh! no, my good friend: nor do I see any thing in your
belief of it, but the kindness with which you wish me felicity on
the occasion. I heartily thank you for it, and am most cordially
yours.
(441) On Lord Sandwich's observing that he did not know the
difference between orthodoxy and heterodoxy, Bishop Warburton is
said to have replied, "Orthodoxy, my lord, is my doxy, and
heterodoxy is another man's doxy."-E.
(442) Cole, in a letter to 'Mr. Gough, of the 10th of August,
says--"Mr. Walpole and myself are as opposite in political
matters as possible; yet we continue friends. Your political and
religious opinions possibly may be as dissimilar; yet I hope we
shall all meet in a better world, and be happy."-E.
(443) A son of Sir John Cotton, who was accidentally killed
whilst shooting in his father's Woods.-E.
Letter 224 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, July 26, 1781. (PAGE 286)
I will not delay thanking you, dear Sir, for a second letter,
which you wrote out of kindness, though I have time but to say a
word, having my house full of company. I think I have somewhere
or other mentioned the "Robertus Comentarius," (probably on some
former information from you, which YOU never forget to give me,)
at least the name sounds familiar to me; but just now I cannot
consult my papers or books from the impediment of my guests. As
I am actually preparing a new edition of my Anecdotes, I shall
very soon have occasion to search. I am sorry to hear you
complain of the gout, but trust It will be a short parenthesis.
Yours most gratefully.
Letter 225 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, August 31, 1781. (page 286)
Your lordship's too friendly partiality sees talents in me which
I am sure I do not possess. With all my desire of amusing you,
and with all my sense of gratitude for your long and unalterable
goodness, it is quite impossible to send you an entertaining
letter from hence. The insipidity of my life, that is passed
with a few old people that are wearing out like myself, after
surviving so many of my acquaintance, can furnish no matter of
correspondence. What few novelties I hear, come stale, and not
till they have been hashed in the newspapers and though we are
engaged in such big and wide wars, they produce no striking
events, nor furnish any thing but regrets for the lives and
millions we fling away to no purpose! One cannot divert when one
can only compute, nor extract entertainment from prophecies that
there is no reason to colour favourably. We have, indeed,
foretold success for seven years together, but debts and taxes
have been the sole completion.
If one turns to private life, what is there to furnish pleasing
topics? Dissipation, without object, pleasure, or genius, is the
only colour of the times. One hears every day of somebody
undone. but can we or they tell how, except when it is by the
most expeditious of all means, gaming? And now, even the loss of
an hundred thousand pounds is not rare enough to be surprising.
One may stare or growl, but cannot relate any thing that is worth
hearing. I do not love to censure a younger age; but in good
truth, they neither amuse me nor enable me to amuse others.
The pleasantest event I know happened to myself last Sunday
morning when General Conway very unexpectedly walked in as I was
at breakfast, in his way to Park-place. He looks as well in
health and spirits as ever I saw him; and though he stayed but
half an hour, I was perfectly content, as he is at home.
I am glad your lordship likes the fourth book of The Garden,(444)
which is admirably coloured. The version of Fresnoy I think the
finest translation I ever saw. It is a most beautiful poem,
extracted from as dry and prosaic a parcel of verses as could be
put together: Mr. Mason has gilded lead, and burnished it
highly. Lord and Lady Harcourt I should think would make him a
visit, and I hope, for their sakes, will visit Wentworth Castle.
As they both have taste, I should be sorry they did not see the
perfectest specimen of architecture I know.
Mrs. Damer certainly goes abroad this winter. I am glad of it
for every reason but her absence. I am certain it will be
essential to her health; and she has so eminently a classic
genius, and is herself so superior an artist, that I enjoy the
pleasure she will have in visiting Italy.
As your lordship has honoured all the productions of my press
with your acceptance, I venture to enclose the last, which I
printed to oblige the Lucans. There are many beautiful and
poetic expressions in it. A wedding to be sure, is neither a new
nor a promising subject, nor will outlast the favours: still I
think Mr. Jones's Ode(445) is uncommonly good for the occasion;
at least, if it does not much charm Lady Strafford and your
lordship, I know you will receive it kindly as a tribute from
Strawberry Hill, as every honour is due to you both from its
master. Your devoted servant.
(444) The fourth book of Mason's "English Garden" had just made
its appearance.-E.
(445) Mr. afterwards Sir William, Jones's Ode on the marriage of
Lord Althorpe, afterwards Earl Spencer, with Miss Bingham.-E.
Letter 226 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 16, 1781. (page 227)
I am not surprised that such a mind as yours cannot help
expressing gratitude: it would not be your mind, if it could
command that sensation as triumphantly as it does your passions.
Only remember that the expression is unnecessary. I do know that
you feel the entire friendship I have for you; nor should I love
you so well if I was not persuaded of it. There never was a
grain of any thing romantic in my friendship for you. We loved
one another from children, and as so near relations; but my
friendship grew up with your virtues, which I admired though I
did not imitate. We had scarce one in common but
disinterestedness. Of the reverse we have both, I may say, been
so absolutely clear, that there is nothing so natural and easy as
the little moneyed transactions between us - and therefore,
knowing how perfectly indifferent I am upon that head, and
remembering the papers I showed you, and what I have said to you
when I saw you last, I am sure you will have the complaisance
never to mention thanks more.-Now, to answer your questions.
As to coming to you, as that feu gr`egeois Lord George Gordon has
given up the election, to my great joy, I can come to you on
Sunday next. It is true, I had rather you visited your regiment
first, for this reason: I expect summons to Nuneham every day;
and besides, having never loved two journeys instead of one, I
grow more covetous of my time, as I have little left, and
therefore had rather take Park-place, going and coming, on my way
to Lord Harcourt.
I don't know a word of news, public or private. I am deep in my
dear old friend's papers.(446) There are some very delectable;
and though I believe, nay, know, I have not quite all, there are
many which I almost wonder, after the little delicacy they(447)
have shown, ever arrived to my hands. I dare to say they will
not be quite so just to the public; for though I consented that
the correspondence with Voltaire should be given to the editors
of his works, I am persuaded that there are many passages at
least which they will suppress, as very contemptuous to his chief
votaries: I mean, of the votaries to his sentiments; for, like
other heresiarchs, he despised his tools. If I live to see the
edition, it Will divert me to collate it with what I have in my
hands.
You are the person in the world the fittest to encounter the
meeting you mention for the choice of a bridge.(448) You have
temper and patience enough to bear with fools and false taste.
I, so unlike you, have learned some patience with both sorts too,
but by a more summary method than by waiting to instil reason
into them. Mine is only by leaving them to their own vagaries,
and by despairing that sense and taste should ever extend
themselves. Adieu!
P. S. In 'Voltaire's letters are some bitter traits on the King
of Prussia, which, as he is defender of their no-faith, I
conclude will be ray`es too.
(446) Madame du Deffand, who died in September 1780, and left all
her papers to Mr. Walpole. See ant`e, p. 256, letter 199.-E.
(447) The executors of Madame du Deffand; whom Walpole suspected
of having abstracted some of her papers.-E.
(448) The bridge over the Thames at Henley, to the singular
beauty of which the good taste of mr. Conway materially
contributed.
Letter 227 To John Nichols, Esq.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 31, 1781. (page 288)
I am glad to hear, Sir, that your account of Hogarth calls for
another edition; and I am very sensible of your great civility in
offering to change any passages that criticise my own work.
Though I am much obliged by the offer, I should blush to myself
if I even wished for that complaisance. Good God! Sir, what am I
that I should be offended at or above criticism or correction? I
do not know who ought to be; I am sure, no author. I am a
private man, of no consequence, and at best an author of very
moderate abilities. In a work that comprehends so much biography
as my Anecdotes of Painting, it would have been impossible, even
with much more diligence than I employed, not to make numberless
mistakes. It is kind to me to point out those errors; to the
world it is justice. Nor have i a reason to be displeased even
with the manner. I do remember that in many passages you have
been very civil to me. I do not recollect any harsh phrases. As
my work is partly critical as well as biographic, there too I had
no reason or right to expect deference to my opinions.
Criticism, I doubt, has no very certain rule to go by; in matters
of taste it is a still more vague and arbitrary science.
As I am very sincere, Sir, in what I say, I will with the same
integrity own, that in one or two places of your book I think the
criticisms on me are not well founded. For instance; in p. 37 I
am told that Hogarth did not deserve the compliment I pay him of
not descending to the indelicacy of the Flemish and Dutch
painters. It is very true that you have produced some instances,
to which I had not adverted, where he has been guilty of the same
fault, though I think not in all you allege, nor to the degree
alleged: in some I think the humour compensates for the
indelicacy, which is never the case with the Dutch; and in one
particular I think it is a merit,--I mean in the burlesque Paul
before Felix,--for there, Sir, you should recollect that Hogarth
himself meant to satirize, not to imitate the painters of Holland
and Flanders.
You have also instanced, Sir, many more portraits in his satiric
prints than come within my defence of him as not being a personal
satirist; but in those too, with submission, I think you have
gone too far; as, though you have cited portraits, are they all
satiric? Sir John Gouson is the image of an active magistrate
identified; but it is not ridiculous, unless to be an active
magistrate is being ridiculous. Mr. Pine,(449) I think you
allow, desired to sit for the fat friar in the Gates of Calais--
certainly not with a view to being turned into derision.
With regard to the bloody fingers of Sigismunda, you Say, Sir,
that my memory must have failed me, as you affirm that they are
unstained with blood. Forgive me if I say that I am positive
they were so originally. I saw them so, and have often mentioned
that fact. Recollect, Sir, that you yourself allow, p. 46, in
the note, that the picture was continually "altered, upon the
criticism of one connoisseur or another." May not my memory be
more faithful about so striking a circumstance than the memory of
another who would engage to recollect all the changes that
remarkable picture underwent?
I should be very happy, Sir, if I could contribute any additional
lights to your new publication; indeed, what additional lights I
have gained are from your work, which has furnished me with many.
I am going to publish a new edition of all the five volumes of my
Anecdotes of Painting, in which I shall certainly insert what I
have gathered from you. This edition will be in five thin
octaves, without cuts, to make the purchase easy to artists and
such as cannot afford the quartos, which are grown so
extravagantly dear, that I am ashamed of it. Being published too
at different periods, and being many of them cut to pieces for
the heads, since the race for portraits has been carried so far,
it is very rare to meet with a complete set. My corrected copy
is now in the printer's hands, except the last volume, in which
are my additions to Hogarth from your list, and perhaps one or
two more but that volume also I have left in town, though not at
the printer's, as, to complete it, I must wait for his new works,
which Mrs. Hogarth is to publish. When I am settled in town,
Sir, I shall be very ready, if you please to call on me in
Berkeley Square, to communicate any additions I have made to my
account of Hogarth.
(449) John Pine the artist, who published "The Procession and
Ceremonies at the Installation of the Knights of the Bath, 17th
of June, 1725;" folio, 1730; and, in 1739, "The Tapestry Hangings
of the House of Lords," etc. sat for the Fat Friar in Hogarth's
Gates of Calais, and received from that circumstance the name of
"Friar Pine," which he retained till his death. E.
Letter 228 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(450)
Berkeley Square, Nov. 7. 1781. (page 290)
Yesterday, Sir, I received the favour of your letter with the
inclosed prologue,(451) and am extremely pleased with it; not
only as it omits mention of me, for which I give you my warmest
thanks, but as a composition. The thoughts are just and happily
expressed; and the conclusion is so lively and well conceived,
that Mr. Harris, to whom I carried it this morning, thinks it
will have great effect. We are very sorry you have not sent us
an epilogue too; but, before I touch on that, I will be more
regular in my details. Miss Younge has accepted the part very
gracefully; and by a letter I have received from her, in answer
to mine, will, I flatter myself, take care to do justice to it.
Nay, she is so zealous, that Mr. Harris tells me she has taken
great pains with the young person who is to play the daughter,
but whose name I cannot at this moment recollect.(452)
I must now confess that I have been again alarmed. I had a
message from Mr. Harris on Saturday last to tell me that the
performers had been so alert, and were so ready with their parts,
and the many disappointments that had happened this season had
been so prejudicial to him, that it would be easy and necessary
to bring out your play next Saturday the 10th, and desired to
have the prologue and epilogue. This precipitation made me
apprehend that justice would not be done to your tragedy. Still
I did not dare to remonstrate; nor would venture to damp an
ardour which I could not expect to excite again. Instead of
objecting to his haste, I only said I had not received your
prologue and epilogue, but had written for them and expected them
every Minute, though, as it depended on winds, one could never be
sure. I trusted to accidents for delay; at least I thought I
could contrive some, without seeming to combat what he thought
for his interest.
I have not been mistaken. On receiving your prologue yesterday,
I came to town to-day and carried it to him, to show him I lost
no time. He told me Mr. Henderson was not enough recovered, but
he hoped would be well enough to bring out the play on Saturday
se'nnight. That he had had a rough rehearsal yesterday morning,
with which he had been charmed; and was persuaded, and that the
performers think so too. that your play will have great effect.
All this made me very easy. There is to be a regular rehearsal
on Saturday, for which I shall stay in town on purpose; and, if I
find the performers perfect, I think there will be no objection
to its appearance on Saturday se'nnight. I shall rather prefer
that day to a later; as, the Parliament not being met, it will
have a week's run before politics interfere.
Now, Sir, for the epilogue. I have taken the liberty of desiring
Mr. Harris to have one prepared, in case yours should not arrive
in time. It is a compliment to him, (I do not mean that he will
write it himself,) will interest him still more in the cause;
and, though he may not procure a very good one, a manager may
know better than we do what will suit the taste of the times.
The success of a play being previous, cannot be hurt by an
epilogue, though some plays have been saved; and if it be not a
good one, it will not affect you. If you send us a good one,
though too late, it may be printed with the play.
I must act about the impression just the reverse of what I did
about the performance, and must beg you would commission some
friend to transact that affair; for I know nothing of the terms,
and should probably disserve you if I undertook the treaty with
the booksellers, nor should I have time to supervise the
correction of the press. In truth, it is so disagreeable a
business, that I doubt I have given proofs at my own press of
being too negligent; and as I am actually at present reprinting
my Anecdotes of Painting, I have but too much business of that
sort on my hands. You will forgive my saying this, especially
when you consider that my hands are very lame, ind that this
morning in Mr. Harris's room, the right one shook so, that I was
forced to desire him to write a memorandum for me.
I think I have omitted nothing material. Mr. Wroughton is to
play the Count. I do not know who will speak the prologue;
probably not Mr. Henderson, as he has been so very ill: nor
should I be very earnest for it; for the Friar's is so central
and so laborious a part, that I should not wish to abate his
powers by any previous exertion. Perhaps I refine too much, but
I own I think the non-appearance of a principal actor till his
part opens is an advantage.
I will only add that I must beg you will not talk of obligations
to me. You have at least overpaid me d'avance by the honour you
have done me in adopting the Castle of Otranto.
(450) Now first printed.
(451) To the tragedy of the Count of Narbonne. See ant`e, p.
238, letter 184.-E.
(452) Miss Satchell.
Letter 229 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(453)
Strawberry Hill, Nov. 10, 1781. (page 292)
As I have been at the rehearsal of your tragedy to-day, Sir, I
must give you a short a(-count of it; though I am little able to
write, having a good deal of gout in my right hand, which would
have kept me away from any thing else, and made me hurry back
hither the moment it was over, lest I should be confined to town.
Mr. Malone, perhaps, who was at the playhouse too, may have
anticipated me; for I could not save the post to-night, nor will
this go till to-morrow.
Mr. Henderson is still too ill to attend, but hopes to be abroad
by Tuesday: Mr. Hull read his part very well. Miss Younge is
perfectly mistress of her part, is pleased with it, and I think
will do it justice. I never saw her play so ably. Miss
Satchell, who is to play Adelaide, is exactly what she should be:
very young, pretty enough, natural and simple. She has already
acted Juliet with success. Her voice not only pleasing, but very
audible; and, which is much more rare, very articulate: she does
not gabble, as most young women do, even off the stage. Mr.
Wroughton much exceeded my expectation. He enters warmly into his
part, and with thorough zeal. Mr. Lewis was so very imperfect in
his part, that I cannot judge quite what he will do, for he could
not repeat two lines by heart; but he looked haughtily, and as he
pleased me in Percy, which is the same kind of character, I
promise myself he will succeed in this.
Very, very few lines will be omitted; and there will be one or
two verbal alterations to accommodate the disposition, but which
will not appear in the printed copies, of which Mr. Malone says
he will take the management. As Mr. Harris and the players all
seemed zealous and in good humour, I will not contest some
trifles; and, indeed, they were not at all unreasonable. I an)
to see the scenes on Friday, if I am able: and if Mr. Henderson
is well enough, the play will be performed on the 17th or
immediately after. Some slight delays, which one cannot foresee,
may always happen. In truth-, I little expected so much
readiness and compliance both in manager and actors; nor, from
all I have heard of the stage, could conceive such facilities.
>From the moment Mr. Harris consented to perform your play, there
has not been one instance of obstinacy or wrongheadedness
anywhere. If the audience is as reasonable and just, you may,
Sir, promise yourself complete success.
(453) Now first printed.
Letter 230 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(454)
Strawberry Hill, Nov. 13, 1781. )page 293)
I have, this minute, Sir, received the corrected copy of your
tragedy, which is almost all I am able to say, for I have so much
gout in this hand, and it shakes so much, that I am scarce able
to manage my pen. I will go to town if I can, and consult Mr.
Henderson on the alterations; though I confess I think it
dangerous to propose them so late before representation, which
the papers say again is to be on Saturday if Mr. Henderson is
well enough. Mr. Malone shall have the corrected copy for
impression.
I own I cannot suspect that Mr. Sheridan will employ any
ungenerous arts against your play. I have never heard any thing
to give me suspicions of his behaving unhandsomely; and as you
indulge my zeal and age a liberty of speaking like a friend, I
would beg you to suppress your sense of the too great
prerogatives of theatric monarchs. I hope you will again and
again have occasion to court the power of their crowns; and,
therefore if not for your own, for the sake of the public, do not
declare war with them. It has not been my practice to preach
slavery; but, while one deals with and depends on mimic
sovereigns, I would act policy, especially when by temporary
passive obedience one can really lay a lasting obligation on
one's country, which your plays really are.
I am glad you approve what I had previously undertaken, Mr.
Harris's procuring an epilogue; he told me on Saturday that he
should have one. You are very happy in friends, Sir; which is
another proof of your merit. Mr. Malone is not less zealous than
Mr. Tighe, to whom I beg my compliments.
(454) Now first printed.
Letter 231 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(455)
Berkeley Square, Nov. 18, 1781. (page 293)
As Mr. Malone undertook to give you an account, Sir, by last
night's post, of the great success of the tragedy, I did not
hasten home to write; but stayed at the theatre, to talk to Mr.
Harris and the actors, and learn what was said, besides the
general applause. Indeed I never saw a more unprejudiced
audience, nor more attention. There was not the slightest
symptom of disapprobation to any part, and the plaudit was loud
and long when given out again for Monday. I mention these
circumstances in justification of Mr. Sheridan, to whom I never
spoke in MY life, but who certainly had not sent a single person
to hurt you. The prologue was exceedingly liked; and, for
effect, no play ever produced more fears. In the green-room I
found that Hortensia's sudden death was the only incident
disapproved; as we heard by intelligence from the pit; and it is
to be deliberated tomorrow whether it may not be preferable to
carry her off as in a swoon. When there is Only SO slight an
objection, you cannot doubt of your full success. It is
impossible to say how much justice Miss Younge did to your
writing. She has shown herself' a great mistress of her
profession, mistress of dignity, passion, and of all the
sentiments you have put into her hands. The applause given to
her description of Raymond's death lasted some minutes, and
recommenced; and her scene in the fourth act, after the Count's
ill-usage, was played in the highest perfection. Mr. Henderson
was far better than I expected from his weakness, and from his
rehearsal yesterday, with which he was much discontented himself.
Mr. Wroughton was very animated, and played the part of the Count
much better than any man now on the stage would have done. I
wish I could say Mr. Lewis satisfied me; and that poor child Miss
Satchell was very inferior to what she appeared at the
rehearsals, where the total silence and our nearness deceived us.
Her voice has no strength, nor is she yet at all mistress of the
stage. I have begged Miss Younge to try what she can do with her
by Monday. However, there is no danger to your play: it is fully
established. I confess I am not only pleased on your account,
Sir, but on Mr. Harris's, as he has been very obliging to me. I
am not likely to have any more intercourse with the stage; but I
shall be happy if I leave my interlude there by settling an amity
between you and Mr. Harris, whence I hope he will draw profit and
you more renown.
(455) Now first printed.
Letter 232 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Berkeley Square, Sunday morning, Nov. 18, 1781. (page 294)
I have been here again for three days, tending and nursing and
waiting on Mr. Jephson's play. I have brought it into the world,
was well delivered of it, it can stand on its own legs--and I am
going back to My Own quiet hill, never likely to have any thing
more to do with theatres. Indeed it has seemed strange to me,
who for these three or four years have not been so many times in
a playhouse, nr knew six of the actors by sight, to be at two
rehearsals, behind the scenes, in the green-room, and acquainted
with half the company. The Count of Narbonne was played last
night with great applause, and without a single murmur of
disapprobation. Miss Younge has charmed me.(456) She played
with intelligence that was quite surprising. The applause to one
of her speeches lasted a minute, and recommenced twice before the
play could go on. I am sure you will be pleased with the conduct
and the easy beautiful language of the play, and struck with her
acting.
(456) In 1786, this celebrated actress was married to Mr. Pope,
the comedian. She died in 1797, and was buried in Westminster
Abbey.-E.
Letter 233 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(457)
Strawberry Hill, Nov. 21, 1781. (page 295)
I have just received your two letters, Sir, and the epilogue,
which I am sorry came so late, as there are very pretty things in
it: but I believe it would be very improper to produce it now, as
the two others have been spoken.
I am sorry you are discontent with there being no standing figure
of Alphonso, and that I acquiesced in its being cumbent. I did
certainly yield, and I think my reasons will justify me. In the
first place, you seemed to have made a distinction between the
statue and the tomb; and, had both been represented, they would
have made a confusion. But a more urgent reason for my
compliance was the shortness of the time, which did not allow the
preparation of an entire new scene, as I proposed last year and
this, nay, and mentioned it to Mr. Harris. When I came to the
house to see the scene prepared, it was utterly impossible to
adjust an erect figure to it; nor, indeed, do I conceive, were
the scene disposed as you recommend, how Adelaide could be
stabbed behind the scenes. As I never disguise the truth, I must
own,.-for I did think myself so much obliged to Mr. Harris,--that
I was unwilling to heap difficulties on him, when I did not think
they would hurt your piece. I fortunately was not mistaken: the
entrance of Adelaide wounded had the utmost effect, and I believe
much greater than would have resulted from her being stabbed on
the stage. In short, the success has been so complete, and both
your poetry and the conduct of the tragedy are so much and so
justly admired, that I flatter myself you will not blame me for
what has not produced the smallest inconvenience. Both the
manager and the actors were tractable, I believe, beyond example;
and it is my nature to bear some contradiction, when it will
carry material points. The very morning, the only morning, I had
to settle the disposition, I had another difficulty to
reconcile,-the competition of the two epilogues, which I was so
lucky as to compromise too. I will say nothing of my being three
hours each time, on two several days, in a cold theatre with the
gout on me; and perhaps it was too natural to give up a few
points in order to get home, for which I ask your pardon. Yet
the event shows that I have not injured you and if I was in one
instance impatient, I flatter myself that my solicitations to Mr.
Harris and Miss Younge, and the zeal I have shown to serve you,
will atone for my having in one moment thought of myself, and
then only when the reasons that weighed with me were so
plausible, that without a totally new scene, which the time would
not allow, I do not see how they could have been obviated. Your
tragedy, Sir, has taken such a rank upon the stage, that one may
reasonably hope it will hereafter be represented with all the
decorations to your mind; and I admire it so truly, that I shall
be glad to have it conducted by an abler mechanist than your
obedient humble servant.
(457) Now first collected.
Letter 234 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Berkeley Square, Nov. 27, 1781. (page 296)
Each fresh mark of your lordship's kindness and friendship, calls
on me for thanks and an answer: every other reason would enjoin
me silence. I not only grow so old, but the symptoms of age
increase so fast, that, as they advise me to keep out of the
world, that retirement makes me less fit to be informing or
entertaining. Those philosophers who have sported on the verge
of the tomb, or they who have affected to sport in the same
situation, both tacitly implied that it was not out of their
thoughts; and however dear what we are going to leave may be, all
that is not particularly dear must cease to interest us much. If
those reflections blend themselves with our gayest thoughts, must
not their hue grow more dusky when public misfortunes and
disgraces cast a general shade?(458) The age, it is true, soon
emerges out of every gloom, and wantons as before. But does not
that levity imprint a still deeper melancholy on those who do
think? Have any of our calamities corrected us? Are we not
revelling on the brink of the precipice? Does administration grow
more sage, or desire that we should grow more sober? Are these
themes for letters, my dear lord! Can one repeat common news with
indifference, while our shame is writing for future history by
the pens of all our numerous enemies? When did England see two
whole armies lay down their arms and surrender themselves
prisoners? Can venal addresses efface such stigmas, that will be
recorded in every country in Europe? Or will such disgraces have
no consequences? Is not America lost to us? Shall we offer up
more human victims to the demon of obstinacy; and shall we tax
ourselves deeper to furnish out the sacrifice? These are
thoughts I cannot stifle at the moment that enforces them; and
though I do not doubt but the same spirit of dissipation that has
swallowed up all our principles will reign again in three days
with its wonted sovereignty, I had rather be silent than vent my
indignation. Yet I cannot talk, for I cannot think, on any other
subject. It was not six days ago, that in the midst of four
raging wars I saw in the papers an account of the Opera and of
the dresses of the company; and thence the town, and thence of
course the whole nation were informed that Mr. Fitzpatrick had
very little powder in his hair.(459) Would not one think that
our newspapers were penned by boys just come from school for the
information of their sisters and cousins? Had we had Gazettes
and Morning Posts in those days, would they have been filled with
such tittle-tattle after the battle of Agincourt, or in the more
resembling weeks after the battle of Naseby? Did the French
trifle equally even during the ridiculous war of the Fronde? If
they were as impertinent then, at least they had wit in their
levity. We are monkeys in conduct, and as clumsy as bears when
we try to gambol. Oh! my lord! I have no patience with my
country! and shall leave it without regret!--Can we be proud
when all Europe scorns us? It was wont to envy us, sometimes to
hate us, but never despised us before. James the First was
contemptible, but he did not lose an America! His eldest
grandson sold us, his younger lost us--but we kept ourselves.
Now we have run to meet the ruin--and it is coming!
I beg your lordship's pardon, if I have said too much--but I do
not believe I have. You have never sold yourself, and therefore
have not been accessary to our destruction. You must be happy
now not to have a son, who would live to grovel in the dregs of
England. Your lordship has long been so wise as to secede from
the follies of your countrymen. May you and Lady Strafford long
enjoy the tranquillity that has been your option even in better
days!--and may you amuse yourself without giving loose to such
reflections as have overflowed in this letter from your devoted
humble servant!
(458) The fatal intelligence of the surrender of the British
forces at Yorktown, under the command of Lord Cornwallis, to the
combined armies of America and France, under General Washington,
had reached England on the 25th.-E.
(459) The following picture of fashionable life at the time of
Walpole's lament, is by Mr. Wilberforce:--"When I
left the University, so little did I know of general society,
that I came up to London stored with arguments to
prove the authenticity Of Rowley's poems; and now
I was at once immersed in politics and fashion. The very first
time I went to Boodle's, I won twenty.five guineas
of the Duke of Norfolk. I belonged at this time to five clubs-
-Miles and Evans's, Brookes's, Boodle's, White's, Goostree's.
The first time I was at Brookes's, scarcely
knowing any one, I joined, from niere shyness, in play at the
faro-table, where George Selwyn kept bank. A friend,
who knew my inexperience, and regarded me as a victim decked out
for sacrifice, called to me, 'What, Wilberforce! is
that you?' Selwyn quite resented the interference; and, turning
to him, said, in his most expressive tone, 'O,
Sir, don't interrupt Mr. Wilberforce; he could not be better
employed!' Nothing could be more luxurious than the style of
these clubs, Fox, Sheridan, Fitzpatrick, and all
your leading men, frequented them, and associated upon the
easiest terms; you chatted, played at cards, or gambled, as you
pleased. I was one of those who met to spend an
evening in memory of Shakspeare, at the Boar's Head, Eastcheap.
Many professed wits were present, but Pitt was the most amusing
of the party. He played a good deal at
Goostree's; and I well remember the intense earnestness which he
displayed when joining in those games of chance. he perceived
their increasing fascination, and soon after suddenly abandoned
them for ever." Life, vol, i. p, 16.-E.
Letter 235To The Earl Of Buchan.(460)
Berkeley Square, Dec. 1, 1781. (page 297)
I am truly sensible of, and grateful for, your lordship's
benevolent remembrance of me, and shall receive with great
respect and pleasure the collection your lordship has been
pleased to order to be sent to me. I must admire, too, my lord,
the generous assistance that you have lent to your adopted
children; but more forcibly than all I feel your pathetic
expressions on the distress of the public, which is visible even
in this extravagant and thoughtless city. The number of houses to
be let in every street, whoever runs may read.
At the time of your writing your letter, your lordship did not
know the accumulation of misfortune and disgrace that has fallen
on us;(461) nor should I wish to be the trumpeter of my country's
calamities. Yet as they must float on the surface of the mind,
and blend their hue -with all its emanations, they suggest this
reflection, that there can be no time so proper for the
institution of inquiries into past story as the moment of the
fall of an empire,--a nation becomes a theme for antiquaries,
when it ceases to be one for an historian!--and while its ruins
are fresh and in legible preservation.
I congratulate your lordship on the discovery of the Scottish
monarch's portrait in Suabia, and am sorry you did not happen to
specify of which; but I cannot think of troubling your lordship
to write again on purpose; I may probably find it mentioned in
some of the papers I shall receive.
There is one passage in your lordship's letter in which I cannot
presume to think myself included; and yet if I could suppose I
was, it would look like most impertinent neglect and unworthiness
of the honour that your lordship and the society have done me, if
I did not at least offer. very humbly to obey it. You are pleased
to say, my lord, that the members, when authors, have agreed to
give copies of such of their works as any way relate to the
objects of the institution. Amongst my very trifling
publications, I think there are none that can pretend even
remotely to that distinction, but the Catalogue of Royal and
Noble Authors, and the Anecdotes of Painting, in each of which
are Scottish authors or artists. If these should be thought
worthy of a corner on any shelf of the society's library, I
should be proud sending, at your lordship's command, the original
edition of the first. Of the latter I have not a single set left
but my own. But I am printing a new edition in octavo, with many
additions and corrections, though without cuts, as the former
edition was too dear for many artists to purchase. The new I will
send when finished, if I could hope it would be acceptable, and
your lordship would please to tell me by what channel.
I am ashamed, my lord, to have said so much, or any thing
relating to myself. I ask your pardon too for the slovenly
writing of my letter; but my hand is both lame and shaking, and I
should but write worse if I attempted transcribing.
I have the honour to be, with great respect, my lord, your
lordship's most obedient and obliged humble servant.
P. S. It has this moment started into my mind, my lord, that I
have heard that at the old castle at Aubigny, belonging and
adjoining to the Duke of Richmond's house, there are historic
paintings or portraits of the ancient house of Lennox. I
recollect too that Father Gordon, superior of the Scots College
at Paris, showed me a whole-length of Queen Mary, young, and
which he believed was painted while she was Queen of France. He
showed me too the original letter she wrote, the night before her
execution, some deeds of Scottish kings, and one of King (I think
Robert) Bruce, remarkable for having no seal appendent, which
Father Gordon said was executed in the time of his so great
distress, that he was not possessed of a seal. I shall be happy
if these hints lead to any investigations of use.
(460) Now first collected.
(461) The surrender of the British army at Yorktown. See ant`e,
p. 296, letter 234.-E.
Letter 236 To Robert Jephson, Esq.(462)
Berkeley Square, Dec. 3, 1781. (page 299)
I have not only a trembling hand, but scarce time to save the
post; yet I write a few lines to beg you will be perfectly easy
on my account, who never differ seriously with my friends, when I
know they do not mean ill to me. I was sorry you took so much to
heart an alteration in the scenery of your play,(463) which did
not seem to me very material; and which, having since been
adjusted to your wish, had no better effect. I told you that it
was my fault, not Mr. Malone's, who is warmly your friend; and I
am sure you will be sorry if you do him injustice. I regret no
pains I have taken, since they have been crowned with your
success; and it would be idle in either of us to recall any
little cross circumstance that may have happened, (as always do
in bringing a play on the stage,) when they have not prevented
its appearance or good fortune. Be assured, Sir, if that is
worth knowing, that I have taken no offence, and have all the
same good wishes for you that I ever had since I was acquainted
with your merit and abilities. I can easily allow for the
anxiety of a parent of your genius for his favourite offspring;
and though I have not your parts, I have had the warmth, though
age and illness have chilled it: but, thank God! they have not
deprived me of my good-humour, and I am most good-humouredly and
sincerely your obedient humble servant.
(462) Now first collected.
(463) See ant`e, p. 295, letter 233.-E.
Letter 237 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Dec. 30, 1781. (page 299)
We are both hearty friends, my dear Sir, for I see we have both
been reproaching ourselves with silence at the same moment. I am
much concerned that you have had cause for yours.(464) I have
had less, though indisposed too in a part material for
correspondence--my hand, which has been in labour of chalk-stones
this whole summer, and at times so nervous as to tremble so much,
that, except when quite necessary, I have avoided a pen. I have
been delivered of such a quantity of chalky matter, that I am not
only almost free from pain, but hope to avoid a fit this winter.
How there can be a doubt what the gout is, amazes me! what is it
but a concretion of humours, that either Stop up the fine
vessels, cause pain and inflammation, and pass away only by
perspiration; or which discharge themselves into chalk-stones,
which sometimes remain in their beds, sometimes make their
passage outwardly? I have experienced all three. It may be
objected, that the sometimes instantaneous removal of pain from
one limb to another is too rapid for a current of chalk--true,
but not for the humour before coagulated. As there is,
evidently, too, a degree of wind mixed in the gout, may not that
wind be impregnated with the noxious effluvia, especially as the
latter are pent up in the body and may be corrupted? I hope your
present complaint in the foot will clear the rest of your person.
Many thanks for your etching of Mr. Browne Willis: I shall value
it not only as I am a collector, but because he was your friend.
What shall I say about Mr. Gough? He is not a pleasant man, and
I doubt will tease me about many things, some of which I have
never cared about, and all which I interest myself little about
now, when I seek to pass my remnant in the most indolent
tranquillity. He has not been very civil to me, he worships the
fools I despise, and I conceive has no genuine taste; yet as to
trifling resentments, when the objects have not acted with bad
hearts, I can most readily lose them. Please Mr. Gough, I
certainly shall not; I cannot be very grave about such idle
studies as his and my own, and am apt to be impatient, or laugh
when people imagine I am serious about them. But there is a
stronger reason why I shall not satisfy Mr. Gough. He is a man
to minute down whatever one tells him that he may call
information, and whip it into his next publication. However,
though I am naturally very frank, I can regulate myself by those
I converse with; and as I shall be on my guard, I will not
decline visiting Mr. Gough, as it would be illiberal or look
surly if I refused. You shall have the merit, if you please, of
my assent; and shall tell him, I shall be glad to see him any
morning at eleven o'clock. This will save you the trouble of
sending me his new work, as I conclude he will mention it to me.
I more willingly assure you that I shall like to see Mr.
Steevens,(465) and to show him Strawberry. You never sent me a
person you commended, that I did not find deserved it.
You will be surprised when I tell you, that I have only dipped
into Mr. Bryant's book, and lent the Dean's before I had cut the
leaves, though I had peeped into it enough to see that I shall
not read it. Both he and Bryant are so diffuse on our antiquated
literature, that I had rather believe in Rowley than go through
their proofs. Dr. Warton and Mr. Tyrwhitt have more patience,
and intend to answer them--and so the controversy will be two
hundred years out of my reach. Mr. Bryant, I did find, begged a
vast many questions, which proved to me his own doubts. Dr.
Glynn's foolish evidence made me laugh, and so did Mr. Bryant's
sensibility for me; he says that Chatterton treated me very
cruelly in one of his writings. I am sure I did not feel it so.
I suppose Bryant means under the title of Baron of Otranto, which
is written with humour. I must have been the sensitive plant if
any thing in that character had hurt me! Mr. Bryant too, and the
Dean, as I see by extracts in the papers, have decorated
Chatterton with sanctimonious honour--think of that young
rascal's note, when, summing up his gains and losses by writing
for and against Beckford, he says, "Am glad he is dead by three
pounds 13 shillings 6pence." There was a lad of too nice honour
to be capable of forgery! and a lad who, they do not deny,
forged the poems in the style of Ossian, and fifty other things.
In the parts I did read, Mr. Bryant, as I expected, reasons
admirably, and staggered me; but when I took up the poems called
Rowley's again, I protest I cannot see the smallest air of
antiquity but the old words. The whole texture is conceived on
ideas of the present century. The liberal manner of thinking of
a monk so long before the Reformation is as stupendous; and where
he met with Ovid's Metamorphoses, eclogues, and plans of Greek
tragedies, when even Caxton, a printer, took Virgil's AEneid for
so rare a novelty, are not less incomprehensible: though on these
things I speak at random, nor have searched for the era when the
Greek and Latin classics came again to light-at present I imagine
long after our Edward the Fourth.
Another thing struck me in my very cursory perusal of Bryant. He
asks where Chatterton could find so much knowledge of English
events? I could tell him where he might, by a very natural
hypothesis, though merely an hypothesis. It appears by the
evidence, that Canninge left six chests of manuscripts, and that
Chatterton got possession of some or several. Now what was
therein so probably as a diary drawn up by Canninge himself, or
some churchwarden or wardens, or by a monk or monks? Is any
thing more natural than for such a person, amidst the events at
Bristol, to set down other public facts as happened in the rest
of the kingdom? Was not such almost all the materials of our
ancient story? There is actually such an one, with some curious
collateral facts, if I am not mistaken,--for I write by memory,--
in the History of Furnese or Fountains Abbey, I forget which: if
Chatterton found such an one, did he want the extensive
literature on which so much stress is laid. Hypothesis for
hypothesis,--I am sure this is as rational an one as the
supposition that six chests were filled with poems never else
heard of.
These are my indigested thoughts on this matter--not that I ever
intend to digest them--for I will not, at sixty-four, sail back
into the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, and be drowned in an
ocean of monkish writers of those ages or of this! Yours most
sincerely.
(464) Mr. Cole, in a letter of the 31st says, "About six weeks
ago, the gout was harassing both my feet; on Christmas-day it
shifted its quarters, and got into my left hand; and
inexpressible have been the pain and torment I have endured, with
sleepless nights, racking pain, and no rest nor relief by day. I
hope the worst is over, as I had a comfortable sleep for the
whole night last night: but my hopes are like those in a ship in
a storm; when one billow is past, another and greater is at the
heels of it: for a water-drinker my lot is hard."-E.
(465) George Steevens, Esq. In 1770, this eminent scholar and
learned commentator became associated with Dr. Johnson, in the
edition of Shakspeare which goes by their joint names. A fourth
edition, with large additions, was published in 1793, in fifteen
volumes octavo. In the preparation of it for the press, Mr.
Steevens gave an instance of editorial activity and perseverance,
which is, probably, without a parallel. For a period of eighteen
months, he devoted himself solely and exclusively to the work;
and, during that time, left his house every morning at one
o'clock with the Hampstead patrols, and proceeded, without any
consideration of weather or season, to the chambers of his
friend, Isaac Reed, in Staple's Inn, where he found a sheet of
the Shakspeare letterpress was ready for his revision: thus,
while the printers were asleep, the editor was @ awake; and the
fifteen large volumes were completed in the short space of twenty
months. The feat is recorded by Mr. Matthias, in the Pursuits of
Literature:
"Him late, from Hampstead journeying to his book,
Aurora oft for Cophalus mistook;
What time he brush'd her dews with hasty pace,
To meet the printer's dev'let face to face."
He died at Hampstead in 1800, and in his sixty-fourth year.-E.
Letter 238 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Jan. 27, 1782. (page 302)
For these three weeks I have had the gout in my left elbow and
hand, and can yet but just bear to lay the latter on the paper
while I write with the other. However, this is no complaint, for
it is the shortest fit I have had these sixteen years, and with
trifling pain: therefore, as the fits decrease, it does ample
honour to my bootikins regimen, and method. Next to my
bootikins, I ascribe much credit to a diet-drink of dock-roots,
of which Dr. Turton asked me for my receipt, as the best he had
ever seen, and which I will send you if you please. It came from
an old physician at Richmond, who did amazing service with it in
inveterate scurvies,--the parents, or ancestors, at least, I
believe, of all gouts. Your fit I hope is quite gone.
Mr. Gough has been with me. I never saw a more dry or more cold
gentleman. He told me his new plan is a series of English
monuments. I do like the idea, and offered to lend him drawings
for it.
I have seen Mr. Steevens too, who is much more flowing. I wish
you had told me it was the editor of Shakspeare, for, on his
mentioning Dr. Farmer, I launched out and said, he was by much
the most rational of Shakspeare's commentators, and had given the
only sensible account of the authors our great poet had
consulted. I really meant those -who Wrote before Dr. Farmer.
Mr. Steevens seemed a little surprised, which made me discover
the blunder I had made. For which I was very sorry, though I had
meant nothing by it; however, do not mention it. I hope be has
too much sense to take it ill, as he must have seen I had no
intention of offending him; on the contrary, that my whole
behaviour marked a desire of being civil to him as your friend,
in which light only you had named him to me. Pray take no notice
of it, though I could not help mentioning it, as it lies on my
conscience to have been even undesignedly and indirectly unpolite
to any body you recommend. I should not, I trust, have been so
unintentionally to any body, nor with intention, unless provoked
to it by great folly or dirtiness. Adieu!
Letter 239 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, Feb. 14, 1782. (page 303)
I have received such treasures from you, dear Sir, through the
channel of Mr. Nichols, that I neither know how to thank you, nor
to find time to peruse them so fast as I am impatient to do. You
must complete your kindness by letting me detain them a few days,
till I have gone through them, when I will return them most
carefully by the same intervention; and particularly the curious
piece of enamel; for though you are, as usual, generous enough to
offer it to me, I have plundered you too often already; and
indeed I have room left for nothing more, nor have that miserly
appetite of continuing to hoard what I cannot enjoy, nor have
much time left to possess.
I have already looked into your beautiful illuminated manuscript
copied from Dr: Stukeley's letter, and with Anecdotes of the
Antiquaries of Bennet College; and I have found therein so many
charming instances of your candour, humility, and justice, that I
grieve to deprive Mr. Gough for a minute even of the possession
of so valuable a tract. I will not Injure him or it, by begging
you to cancel what relates to me, as it would rob you of part of
your defence of Mr. Baker. If I wish to have it detained from
Mr. Gough till the period affixed in the first leaf, or rather to
my death, which will probably precede yours, it is for this
reason only: Mr. Gough is apt, as we antiquaries are, to be
impatient to tell the world all he knows, which is unluckily much
more than the world is at all impatient of knowing. For what you
call your flaming zeal, I do not in the least object to it. We
have agreed to tolerate each other, and certainly are neither of
us infallible. I think, on what we differ most is, your calling
my opinions fashionable; they were when we took them up: I doubt
it is yours that are most in fashion now, at least in this
country. The Emperor seems to be of our party; but, if I like
his notions, I do not admire his judgment, which is too
precipitate to be judgment.
I smiled at Mr. Gough's idea of my declining his acquaintance as
a member of that Obnoxious Society of Antiquaries. It is their
folly alone that is obnoxious to me, and can they help that? I
shall very cheerfully assist him.
I am glad you are undeserved about the controversial piece in the
Gentleman's Magazine, which I should have assured You, as you now
know, that it was not mine. I declared, in my Defence,(466) that
I would publish nothing more about that question. I have not,
nor intend it. Neither was it I that wrote the prologue to the
Count of Narbonne, but Mr. Jephson himself. On the opposite page
I will add the receipt for the diet-drink: as to my regimen, I
shall not specify it. Not only you would not adopt it, but I
should tremble to have you. In fact, I never do prescribe it, as
I am persuaded it would kill the strongest man in England, who
was not exactly of the same temperament with me, and who had not
embraced it early. It consists in temperance to quantity as to
eating--I do not mind the quality; I am persuaded that great
abstinence with the gout is dangerous; for, if one does not take
nutriment enough, there cannot be strength sufficient to fling
out the gout, and then it deviates to palsies. But my great
nostrum is the use of cold water, inwardly and outwardly, on all
occasions, and total disregard of precaution against
catching cold. A hat you know I never wear, my breast I never
button, nor wear great-coats, etc. I have often had the gout in
my face (as last week) and eyes, and instantly dip my head in a
pail of cold water, which always cures it, and does not send it
anywhere else. All this I do, because I have so for these forty
years, weak as I look; but Milo would not have lived a week if he
had played such pranks. My diet-drink is not all of so Quixote a
disposition; any of the faculty will tell you how innocent it is,
at least. In a few days, for I am a rapid reader when I like my
matter, I will return all your papers and letters; and in the
mean time thank you most sincerely for the use of them.
(466) Hannah More, in a letter to Mrs. Boscawen, says, "Many
thanks for Mr. Walpole's sensible, temperate, and humane
pamphlet. I am not quite a convert yet to his side in the
Chatertonian controversy, though this elegant writer and all the
antiquaries and critics are against me: I like much the candid
regret he every where discovers at not having fostered this
unfortunate lad, whose profligate manners, however, I too much
fear, would not have done credit to any patronage. Mrs. Garrick
read it, and was more interested than I have ever seen her."-E.
Letter 240 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
February 15, 1782. (page 304)
I was SO impatient to peruse all the literary stores you sent me,
my dear Sir, that I stayed at home on purpose to give up a whole
evening to them. I have gone through all; your own manuscript,
which I envy Mr. Gough, his specimen, and the four letters to you
from the latter and Mr. Steevens. I am glad they were both
satisfied with my reception. In truth, you know I am neither
formal nor austere, nor have any grave aversion to our
antiquities, though I do now and then divert myself with their
solemnity about arrant trifles; yet perhaps we owe much to their
thinking those trifles of importance, or the Lord knows how they
would have patience to investigate them so indefatigably. Mr.
Steevens seemed pleasant, but I doubt I shall never be demure
enough to conciliate Mr. Gough. Then I have a wicked quality in
an antiquary, nay, one that annihilates the essence: that is, I
cannot bring myself to a habit of minute accuracy about very
indifferent points. I do not doubt but there is a swarm of
diminutive inaccuracies in my Anecdotes--well! if there is, I
bequeath free leave of correction to the microscopic intellects
of my continuators. I took dates and facts from the sedulous and
faithful Vertue,(467) and piqued myself on little but on giving
an idea of the spirit of the times with regard to the arts at the
different periods.
The specimen you present me of Mr. Gough's detail of our
monuments is very differently treated, proves vast industry, and
shows most circumstantial fidelity. It extends, too, much
farther than I expected; for it seems to embrace the whole mass
of our monuments, nay, of some that are vanished. It is not what
I thought, an intention of representing our modes of dress, from
figures on monuments, but rather a history of our tombs. It is
fortunate, though he may not think so, that so many of the more
ancient are destroyed, since for three or four centuries they
were clumsy, rude, and ugly. I know I am but a fragment of an
antiquary, for I abhor all Saxon doings, and whatever did not
exhibit some taste, grace, or elegance, and some ability in the
artists. Nay, if I may say so to you, I do not care a straw for
archbishops, bishops, mitred abbots, and cross-legged knights.
When you have one of a sort, you have seen all. However, to so
superficial a student in antiquity as I am, Mr. Gough's work is
not unentertaining. It has frequently anecdotes and
circumstances of kings, queens, and historic personages, that
interest me though I care not a straw about a series of bishops
who had only Christian names, or were removed from one old church
to a newer. Still I shall assist Mr. Gough with whatever he
wants in my possession. I believe he is a very worthy man, and I
should be a churl not to oblige any man who is so innocently
employed. I have felt the selfish, the proud avarice of those
who hoard literary curiosities for themselves alone, as other
misers do money.
I observed in your account of the Count-Bishop Hervey, that you
call one of his dedicators Martin Sherlock, Esquire.(468) That
Mr. Sherlock is an Irish clergyman; I am acquainted with him. He
is a very amiable good-natured man, and wants judgment, not
parts. He is a little damaged by aiming at Sterne's capricious
pertness which the original wore out; and which, having been
admired and cried up to the skies by foreign writers of reviews,
was, on the contrary, too severely treated by our own. That
injustice shocked Mr. Sherlock, who has a good heart and much
simplicity, and sent him in dudgeon last year to Ireland,
determined to write no more; yet I am persuaded he will, so
strong Is his propensity to being an author; and if he does,
correction may make him more attentive to what he says and
writes. He has no gall; on the contrary, too much benevolence in
his indiscriminate praise; but he has made many ingenious
criticisms. He is a just, a due enthusiast to Shakspeare: but,
alas! he scarce likes Richardson less.
(467) George Vertue, the engraver, was born in London in 1684,
and died in 1756. Walpole has given a short sketch of his active
life in his Anecdotes of Painting in England; a work, for the
materials of which he was in a great measure, indebted to the
collections of Vertue, which he bought of his widow. "These
collections," he says, "amounted to nearly forty volumes, large
and small: in one of his pocket-books I found a note of his first
intention of compiling such a work; it was in 1713, and he
continued it assiduously to his death."-E.
(468) This eccentric and original writer had published a book at
Rome in Italian, and two others at Paris, in French. The first
volume of his "Letters from an English Traveller," translated by
the Rev. John Duncombe, appeared in London in 1779, the author's
return from the Continent, and before it was known he was in holy
orders. The Letters were dedicated to the Hon. and Rev.
Frederick Augustus Hervey, Bishop of Derry, and afterwards Earl
of Bristol. (See ant`e, p. 236, letter 182.) This volume was
republished, revised and corrected by the author, in 1780, and
was soon followed by "New Letters of an English Traveller." In
1781, Mr. Sherlock had a strong inclination to revisit the
Continent, and actually caused the following article to be
inserted in a public journal:--"It is now generally supposed,
that, whoever may be honoured with the negotiation at Vienna, Mr.
Sherlock, the celebrated English traveller and chaplain to the
Earl of Bristol, will be appointed secretary to his embassy. His
great literary and political accomplishments, are in high
estimation throughout the Continent; and he is, perhaps, the only
Englishman who can boast of having familiarly conversed with the
high potentates whose alliance at this important juncture it
would be desirable to obtain. His being in orders is an
objection which will vanish, when it is recollected that the very
same important office was, in 1708, intended for Dr. Swift: a
name which, however deservedly revered in Great Britain and
Ireland, must, in every other kingdom of Europe, give precedence
to those of Sherlock, Rousseau, and Sterne, the luminaries of the
present century." In June of the same year he was presented, by
the Bishop of Killala, with a living of 200 pounds a-year. Upon
which occasion he wrote to his publisher, "I think it may be of
use to our sale to let the world know it in the newspaper; and I
am persuaded that doubling the value of the living will make the
books sell better. The world (God bless it!) is very apt to
value a man's writing according to his rank and fortune. I am
sure they will think more highly of my Letters, if they believe I
have 400 a-year, than if they think I have only two. Pope, you
know, says something like this--
'A saint in crape, is twice a saint in lawn.'
Will you then be so good as to have this paragraph put into the
Morning Herald, the Morning Chronicle, the Morning Post, and any
other fourth paper you choose? 'We hear that the Rev. Martin
Sherlock, M.A., etc., is collated to the united vicarages of
Castleconner and Rilglass, worth 400 a-year.' Is there any news
of me in London? Am I abused or well-spoken of in print? Are
the writers as uneasy as they used to be about my vanity? Keep
all printed things, reviews, newspapers, etc., about me, till I
have an opportunity of sending for them. I think I shall have
something for you by next week; but keep that a secret. wish,
for your sake, I was a bishop; for then, I will answer for it, my
works would sell well." An elegant edition of all Mr. Sherlock's
Letters was published by Mr. Nichols in 1802, in two volumes
octavo. It is now a very scarce book. In 1788, he was collated
to the rectory and vicarage of Streen, and soon afterwards to the
archdeaconry of Killala. He died in 1797.-E.
Letter 241 To The Rev. William Mason.
(page 307)
I have been reading a new French translation of the elder
Pliny,(469) of whom I never read but scraps before; because, in
the poetical manner in which we learn Latin at Eton, we never
become acquainted with the names of the commonest things, too
undignified to be admitted into verse; and, therefore, I never
had patience to search in a dictionary for the meaning of every
substantive. I find I shall not have a great deal less trouble
with the translation, as I am not more familiar with their common
drogues than with the Latin. However, the beginning goes off
very glibly, as I am not yet arrived below the planets: but do
you know that this study, of which I have never thought since I
learnt astronomy at Cambridge, has furnished me with some very
entertaining ideas! I have long been weary of the common jargon
of poetry. You bards have exhausted all the nature we are
acquainted with; you have treated us with the sun, moon, and
stars, the earth and the ocean, mountains and valleys, etc. etc.
under every possible aspect. In short, I have longed for some
American Poetry, in which I might find new appearances of nature,
and consequently of art. But my present excursion into the sky
has afforded me more entertaining prospects, and newer phenomena.
If I was as good a poet, as you are, I would immediately compose
an idyl, or an elegy, the scene of which should be laid in Saturn
or Jupiter: and then, instead of a niggardly soliloquy by the
light of a single moon, I would describe a night illuminated by
four or five moons at least, and they should be all in a
perpendicular or horizontal line, according as Celia's eyes (who
probably in that country has at least two pair) are disposed in
longitude or latitude. You must allow that this system would
diversify poetry amazingly.--And then Saturn's belt! which the
translator says in his notes, Is not round the planet's waist,
like the shingles; but is a globe of crystal that encloses the
whole orb, as You may have seen an enamelled watch in a case of
glass. If you do not perceive what infinitely pretty things may
be said, either in poetry or romance. on a brittle heaven of
crystal, and what furbelowed rainbows they must have in that
country, you are neither the Ovid nor natural philosopher I take
you for. Pray send me an eclogue directly upon this plan--and I
give you leave to adopt my idea of Saturnian Celias having their
every thing quadrupled--which would form a much more entertaining
rhapsody than Swift's thought of magnifying or diminishing the
species in his Gulliver. How much more execution a fine woman
would do with two pair of piercers! or four! and how much longer
the honeymoon would last, if both the sexes have (as no doubt
they have) four times the passions, and four times the means of
gratifying them!--I have opened new worlds to you--You must be
four times the poet you are, and then you will be above Milton,
and equal to Shakspeare, the only two mortals I am acquainted
with who ventured beyond the visible diurnal sphere, and
preserved their intellects. Dryden himself would have talked
nonsense, and, I fear, indecency, on my plan; but you are too
good a divine, I am sure, to treat my quadruple love but
platonically. In Saturn, notwithstanding their glass-case, they
are supposed to be very cold; but platonic love of itself
produces frigid conceits enough, and you need not augment the
dose.--But I will not dictate, The Subject is new; and you, who
have so much imagination, will shoot far beyond me. Fontenelle
would have made something of the idea, even in prose; but
Algarotti would dishearten any body from attempting to meddle
with the system of the universe a second time in a genteel
dialogue.(470) Good night! I am going to bed.--Mercy on me! if I
should dream of Celia with four times the usual attractions!
(469) By Poinsinet de Sivry, in twelve Volumes quarto.-E.
(470) A translation of Count Algarotti's "Newtonianismo per Le
Dame," by Mrs. Elizabeth Carter, under the title of "Sir Isaac
Newton'S Philosophy explained for the Use of the Ladies; in six
Dialogues of Light and Colours," appeared in 1739.-E.
Letter 242 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
February 2, 1782. (page 308)
I doubt you are again in error, my good Sir, about the letter I
in the Gentleman's Magazine against the Rowleians, unless Mr.
Malone sent it to you; for he is the author, and not Mr.
Steevens, from whom I imagine you received it.(471) There is a
report that some part of Chatterton's forgery is to be produced
by an accomplice; but this I do not answer for, nor know the
circumstances. I have scarce seen a person who is not persuaded
that the forging of the poems was Chatterton's own, though he
might have found some old stuff to work upon, which very likely
was the case; but now that the poems have been so much examined,
nobody (that has an ear) can get over the modernity of the
modulations, and the recent cast of the ideas and phraseology,
corroborated by such palpable pillage of Pope and Dryden. Still
the boy remains a prodigy, by whatever means he procured or
produced the edifice erected; and still It will be found
inexplicable how he found time or materials for operating such
miracles.
You are in another error about Sir Harry Englefield, who cannot
be going to marry a daughter of Lord Cadogan, unless he has a
natural one, of whom I never heard. Lord Cadogan has no daughter
by his first wife, and his oldest girl by My niece is not five
years old.(472) The act of the Emperor to which I alluded, is
the general destruction of convents in Flanders, and, I suppose,
in his German dominions too. The Pope suppressed the carnival,
as mourning and proposes a journey to Vienna to implore
mercy.(473) This is a little different from the time when the
pontiffs trampled on the necks of emperors, and called it
trampling super Aspidem et Draconent. I hope you have received
your cargo back undamaged. I was much obliged to you, and am
yours ever.
(471) It was afterwards published separately, under the title of
"Cursory Observations on the Poems Attributed to Thomas Rowley, a
priest of the fifteenth century."-E.
(472) Lord Cadogan married, in 1747, Frances, daughter of the
first Lord Montfort; and secondly, in 1777, Mary, daughter of
Charles Churchill, Esq. by Lady Mary, daughter of Sir Robert
Walpole.-E.
(473) The Emperor Joseph, having been restrained during the
lifetime of Maria Theresa from acting as he wished in
ecclesiastical matters, upon her death, in November, 1780, issued
two ordinances respecting religious orders: by one forbidding the
Roman Catholics to hold correspondence with their chief in
foreign parts; and by the other forbidding any bull or ordinance
of the Pope from being received in his dominions, until
sanctioned by him. In 1782, he directed the suppression of the
religious houses; upon which he was visited at Vienna by the
Pope, who was received with great respect, but was unable to
procure any intermission in the Emperor's ecclesiastical
reforms.-E.
Letter 243 To The Hon. George Hardinge.
March 8, 1782. (page 309)
It is very pleasing to receive congratulation from a friend on a
friend's success: that success, however, is not so agreeable as
the universal esteem allowed to Mr. Conway's character, which not
only accompanies his triumph,(474) but I believe contributed to
it. To-day, I suppose, all but his character will be reversed;
for there must have been a miraculous change if the Philistines
do not bear as ample a testimony to their Dagon's honour, as
conviction does to that of a virtuous man. In truth, I am far
from desiring that the Opposition should prevail yet: the nation
is not sufficiently changed, nor awakened enough, and it is sure
of having its feelings repeatedly attacked by more woes; the blow
will have more effect a little time hence: the clamour must be
loud enough to drown the huzzas of five hoarse bodies, the
Scotch, Tories, Clergy, Law, and Army, who would soon croak if
new ministers cannot do what the old have made impossible; and
therefore, till general distress involves all in complaint, and
lays the cause undeniably at the right doors, victory will be but
momentary, and the conquerors would soon be rendered more
unpopular than the vanquished; for, depend upon it, the present
ministers would not be as decent and as harmless an Opposition as
the present. Their criminality must be legally proved and
stigmatised, or the pageant itself would soon be restored to
essence. Base money will pass till cried down. I wish you may
keep your promise of calling upon me better than you have done.
Remember, that though you have time enough before you, I have
not; and, consequently, must be much more impatient for our
meeting than you are, as I am, dear Sir, yours most sincerely.
(474) General Conway had, on the 27th of February, distinguished
himself in the House of Commons by a motion, "That the farther
prosecution of offensive war on the continent of America, for the
purpose of reducing the revolted colonies to obedience by force,
will be the means of weakening the efforts of this country
against her European enemies; tend, under the present
circumstances, to increase the mutual enmity so fatal to the
interests both of Great Britain and America; and, by preventing a
happy reconciliation with that country, to frustrate the earnest
desire graciously expressed by his Majesty, to restore the
blessings of public tranquility." This motion was carried by a
majority of 234 to 213; upon which the General moved an humble
address to his Majesty thereupon, which was carried without a
division.-E.
Letter 244 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, March 9, 1782. (page 310)
Though I have scarce time, I must write a line to thank you for
the print of Mr. Cowper, and to tell you how ashamed I am that
You should have so much attention to me, on the slightest wish I
express, when I fear my gratitude is not half so active, though
it ought to exceed obligations.
Dr. Farmer has been with me; and though it was but a short visit,
he pleased me so much by his easy simplicity and good sense, that
I wish for more acquaintance with him.
I do not know whether the Emperor will atone to you for
demolishing the cross, by attacking the crescent. The papers say
he has declared war with the Turks. He seems to me to be a
mountebank who professes curing all diseases. As power is his
Only panacea, the remedy methinks is worse than the disease.
Whether Christianity will be laid aside, I cannot say. As
nothing of the spirit is left, the forms, I think, signify very
little. Surely it is not an age of morality and principle; does
it import whether profligacy is baptized or not? I look to
motives, not to professions. I do not approve of convents: but,
if Caesar wants to make soldiers of monks, I detest his
reformation, and think that men had better not procreate than
commit murder; nay, I believe that monks get more children than
soldiers do; but what avail abstracted speculations? Human
passions wear the dresses of the times, and carry on the same
views, though in different habits. Ambition and interest set up
religions or pull them down, as fashion presents a handle; and
the conscientious must be content when the mode favours their
wishes, or sigh when it does not.
Letter 245 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
April 13, 1782. (page 310)
Your partiality to me, my good Sir, is much overseen, if you
think me fit to correct your Latin. Alas! I have not skimmed ten
pages of Latin these dozen years. I have dealt in nothing but
English, French, and a little Italian; and do not think. if my
life depended on it, I could write four lines of pure Latin. I
have had occasion, once or twice to speak the language, and soon
found that all my verbs were Italian with Roman terminations. I
would not on any account draw you into a scrape, by depending on
my skill in what I have half forgotten. But you are in the
metropolis of Latium. If you distrust your own knowledge, which
I do not, especially from the specimen you have sent me, surely
you must have good critics at your elbow to consult.
In truth, I do not love Roman inscriptions in lieu of our own
language, though, if any where, proper in an university; neither
can I approve writing what the Romans themselves would not
understand. What does it avail to give a Latin tail to a
Guildhall? Though the word used by moderns, would mayor convey
to Cicero the idea of a mayor? Architectus, I believe, is the
right word; but I doubt whether veteris jam perantiquae is
classic for a dilapidated building--but do not depend on me;
consult some better judges.
Though I am glad of the late revolution,(475) a word for which I
have great reverence, I shall certainly not dispute with you
thereon. I abhor exultation. If the change produces peace, I
shall make a bonfire in my heart. Personal interest I have none;
you and I shall certainly never profit by the politics to which
we are attached. The Archaeologic Epistle I admire exceedingly,
though I am sorry it attacks Mr. Bryant, whom I love and respect.
The Dean is so absurd an oaf, that he deserves to be ridiculed.
Is any thing more hyperbolic than his preference of Rowley to
Homer, Shakspeare, and Milton. Whether Rowley or Chatterton was
the author, are the poems in any degree comparable to those
authors? is not a ridiculous author an object of ridicule? I do
not even guess at your meaning in your conclusive paragraph on
that subject. Dictionary writer I suppose alludes to Johnson;
but surely you do not equal the compiler of a dictionary to a
genuine poet? Is a brickmaker on a level with Mr. Essex? Nor
can I hold that exquisite wit and satire are Billingsgate; if
they were, Milles and Johnson would be able to write an answer to
the epistle. I do as little guess whom you mean that got a
pension by Toryism: if Johnson too, he got a pension for having
abused pensioners, and yet took one himself, which was
contemptible enough. Still less know I who preferred opposition
to principles, which is not a very common case; whoever it was,
as Pope says,
"The way he took was strangely round about."
With Mr. Chamberlayne I was very little acquainted, nor ever saw
him six times in my life. It was with Lord Walpole's branch he
was intimate, and to whose eldest son Mr. Chamberlayne had been
tutor. This poor gentleman had a most excellent character
universally, and has been more feelingly regretted than almost
any man I ever knew.(476) This is all I am able to tell you. I
forgot to say, I am also in the, dark as to the person you guess
for the author of the Epistle. it cannot be the same person to
whom it is generally attributed; who certainly neither has a
pension nor has deserted his principles, nor has reason to be
jealous of those he laughed at; for their abilities are far below
his. I do not mean that it is his, but is attributed to him. It
was sent to me; nor did I ever see a line of it till I read it in
print. In one respect it is most credible to be his; for there
are not two such inimitable poets in England.(477) I smiled on
reading it, and said to myself, "Dr. Glynn is well off to have
escaped!" His language Indeed about me has been Billingsgate;
but peace be to his and the manes of Rowley, if they have ghosts
who never existed. The Epistle has not put an end to that
controversy, which was grown so tiresome. I rejoice at having
kept my resolution of not writing a word more on that subject.
The Dean had swollen it to an enormous bladder; the Archaeologic
poet pricked it with a pin; a sharp one indeed, and it burst.
Pray send me a better account of yourself if you can.
(475) The resignation of Lord North, and the formation of the
Rockingham administration.-E.
(476) Edward Chamberlayne, Esq. recently appointed secretary of
the treasury. He was so overcome by a nervous terror of the
responsibility of the office, that he committed suicide, by
throwing himself out of a window on the 6th of April. On the
following day, Hannah More sent the subjoined account of this
melancholy event to her sister:--"Chamberlayne! the amiable, the
accomplished, the virtuous, the religious Chamberlayne! in the
full vigour of his age, high in reputation, happy in his
prospects, threw him self out of the Treasury window, was taken
up alive, and lived thirty-six hours in the most perfect
possession of his mental activity, his religion, and his
reasoning faculties. With an astonishing composure he settled
his affairs with both worlds. He never seemed to feel any
remorse, or to reproach his conscience with the guilt of suicide.
In vain had they entreated him to accept of this place. In a
fatal moment he consented: after this, he never had a moment's
peace, and little or no sleep; this brought on a slow nervous
fever, but not to confine him a moment. I saw him two days
before. He looked pale and eager, and talked with great disgust
of his place, on my congratulating him on such an acquisition.
We chatted away, however, and he grew pleasant; and we parted--
never to meet again."-E.
(477) In a review of the edition of the Works of Mason which
appeared in 1816, the quarterly Review, after expressing a wish
that this and the Heroic Epistle to Sir William Chambers had been
included in the collection, says, "The Archaeological Epistle was
an hasty but animated effusion, drawn forth by the Rowleian
Controversy, and dressed in the garb of old English verse, in
order to obviate the argument drawn from the difficulty of
writing in the language of the fifteenth century. The task might
indeed have been per; formed by many; but the sentiments accorded
with the known declarations of Mason." Vol. xv. p. 385.-E.
Letter 246 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, May 24, 1782. (page 312)
You are always kind to me, dear Sir, in all respects, but I have
been forced to recur to a rougher prescription than ass's milk.
The pain and oppression on my breast obliged me to be blooded two
days together, which removed my cold and fever; but, as I
foresaw, left me the gout in their room. I have had it in my
left foot and hand for a week, but it is going. This cold is very
epidemic. I have at least half a dozen nieces and great-nieces
confined with it. but it is not dangerous or lasting. I shall
send you, within this day or two, the new edition of my Anecdotes
of Painting; you will find very little new: it is a cheap edition
for the use of artists, and that at least they who really want
the book, and not the curiosity, may have it, without being
forced to give the outrageous price at which the Strawberry
edition sells, merely because it is rare.
I could assure Mr. Gough, that the Letter on Chatterton cost me 6
very small pains. I had nothing to do but recollect and relate
the exact truth. There has been published another piece on it,
which I cannot tell whether meant to praise or to blame me, so
wretchedly is it written; and I have received another anonymous
one, dated Oxford, (which may be to disguise Cambridge) and which
professes to treat me very severely, though stuffed with fulsome
compliments. It abuses me for speaking modestly of myself--a
fault I hope I shall never mend; avows agreeing with me on the
supposition of the poems, which may be a lie, for it is not
uncharitable to conclude that an anonymous writer is a liar;
acquits me of being at all accessory to the poor lad's
catastrophe; and then, with most sensitive nerves, is shocked to
death, and finds me guilty of it, for having, after it happened,
dropped, that had he lived he might have fallen into more serious
forgeries, though I declare that I never heard that he did. To
be sure, no Irishman ever blundered more than to accuse one of an
ex post facto murder! If this Hibernian casuist is smitten
enough with his own miscarriage to preserve it in a magazine
phial, I shall certainly not answer it, not even by this couplet
which is suggested:
So fulsome, yet so captious too, to tell you much it grieves me,
That though your flattery makes me sick, your peevishness
relieves me.
Adieu, my good Sir. Pray inquire for your books, if you do not
receive them: they go by the Cambridge Fly.
Letter 247 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, June 1, 1782. (page 313)
I thank you much, dear Sir, for your kind intention about
Elizabeth of York;. but it would be gluttony and rapacity to
accept her: I have her already in the picture of her
marriage,(478) which was Lady Pomfret's; besides Vertue's print
of her, with her husband, son, and daughter-in-law. In truth I
have not room for any more pictures any where; yet, without
plundering you, or without impoverishing myself, I have
supernumerary pictures with which I can furnish your vacancies;
but I must get well first to look them out. As yet I cannot walk
alone; and my posture, as you see, makes me write ill. It is
impossible to recover in such weather--never was such a sickly
time.
I have not yet seen Bishop Newton's life. I will not give three
guineas for what I would not give threepence, his Works; his
Life,(479) I Conclude, will be borrowed by all the magazines, and
there I shall see it.
I know nothing of Acciliator--I have forgotten some of my good
Latin, and luckily never knew any bad; having always detested
monkish barbarism. I have just finished Mr. Pennant's new
volume, parts of which amused me; though I knew every syllable,
that was worth knowing before, for there is not a word of
novelty; and it is tiresome his giving such long extracts out of
Dugdale and other common books, and telling one long stories
about all the most celebrated characters in the English history,
besides panegyrics on all who showed him their houses: but the
prints are charming; though I cannot conceive why he gave one of
the Countess of Cumberland, who never did any thing worth memory,
but recording the very night on which she conceived.
"The Fair Circassian" was written by a Mr. Pratt, who has
published several works under the name of Courtney Melmoth.(480)
The play might have been written by Cumberland, it is bad enough.
I did read the latter's coxcombical Anecdotes,(481) but saw
nothing on myself, except mention of my Painters. Pray what is
the passage you mean on me or Vertue? Do not write on purpose to
answer this, it is not worth while.
(478) This picture of the marriage of Elizabeth of York with
Henry the Seventh was painted by Mabuse, and is described in
Walpole's Anecdotes of Painting.-E.
(479) Shortly after the death of Bishop Newton, his Works were
published, with an autobiographical Memoir, in two volumes
quarto. The prelate, speaking, in this Memoir, of Johnson's
Lives of the Poets, having observed, that "candour was much hurt
and offended at the malevolence that predominated in every part,"
the Doctor, in a conversation with Dr. Adams, master of Pembroke
College, Oxford, thus retaliated on his townsman:--"Tom knew he
should be dead before what he said of me would appear: he durst
not have printed it while he was alive." Dr. Adams: "I believe
his Dissertations on the Prophecies' is his great work."
Johnson: "Why, Sir, it is Tom's great work; but how far it is
great, or how much of it is Tom's, are other questions. I fancy
a considerable part of it was borrowed." Dr. Adams: "He was a
very successful man." Johnson: "I don't think so, Sir. He did
not get very high. He was late in getting what he did get, and
he did not get it by the best means. I believe he was a gross
flatterer."-Life, vol. viii. p. 286.-E.
(480) Mr. Pratt was the author of "Gleanings in England,"
"Gleanings through Wales, Holland, and Westphalia," and many
other works which enjoyed a temporary popularity, but are now
forgotten. Of Mr. Pratt, the following amusing anecdote is
related by Mr. Gifford, in the Maviad:--"This gentleman lately
put in practice a very notable scheme. Having scribbled himself
fairly out of notice, he found it expedient to retire to the
Continent for a few months, to provoke the inquiries of Mr.
Lane's indefatigable readers. Mark the ingratitude of the
creatures! No inquiries were made, and Mr. Pratt was forgotten
before he had crossed the channel. Ibi omnis efFusus labor--but
what!
The mouse that is content with one poor hole,
Can never be a mouse of any soul:
baffled in this expedient, he had recourse to another, and, while
we were dreaming of nothing less, came before us in the following
paragraph:--"A few days since, died at Basle in Switzerland, the
ingenious Mr. Pratt: his loss will be severely felt by the
literary world, as he joined to the accomplishments of the
gentleman the erudition of the scholar." This was inserted in
the London papers for several days successively; the country
papers too yelled out like syllables of dolour; at length, while
our eyes were yet wet for the irreparable loss we had sustained,
came a second paragraph as follows: "As no event of late has
caused a more general sorrow than the supposed death of the
ingenious Mr. Pratt, we are happy to have it in our power to
assure hiss numerous admirers, that he is as well as they can
wish and (what they will be delighted to hear) busied is
preparing his Travels for the press."-E.
(481) "Anecdotes of Eminent Painters, in Spain during the
Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, with Cursory Remarks upon
the present State of Arts in that Kingdom."
Letter 248 To John Nichols, Esq.
Berkeley Square, June 19, 1782. (page 315)
Sir,
Just this moment, on opening your fifth volume of Miscellaneous
Poems, I find the translation of Cato's speech into Latin,
attributed (by common fame) to Bishop Atterbury. I can most
positively assure you, that that translation was the work of Dr.
Henry Bland, afterwards Head-master of Eton school, Provost of
the college there, and Dean of Durham. I have more than once
heard my father Sir Robert Walpole say, that it was he himself
who gave that translation to Mr. Addison, who was extremely
surprised at the fidelity and beauty of it. It may be worth
while, Sir, on some future occasion, to mention this fact in some
one of your valuable and curious publications. I am, Sir, with
great regard.
Letter 249 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Berkeley Square, June 21, 1782. (page 315)
It is no trouble, my good Sir, to write to you, for I am as well
recovered as I generally do. I am very sorry you do not, and
especially in your hands, as your pleasure and comforts so much
depend on them. Age is by no means a burden while it does not
subject one to depend on others; when it does, it reconciles one
to quitting every thing; at least I believe you and I think so,
who do not look on solitude as a calamity. I shall go to
Strawberry to-morrow, and will, as I might have thought of doing,
consult Dugdale and Collins for the Duke of Ireland's inferior
titles. Mr. Gough I shall be glad of seeing when I am settled
there, which will not be this fortnight. I think there are but
eleven parts of Marianne, and that it breaks off in the nun's
story, which promised to be very interesting. Marivaux never
finished Marianne, nor the Paysan Parvenu (which was the case too
with the younger Cr`ebillon with Les Egaremens.) I have seen two
bad conclusions of Marianne by other hands. Mr. Cumberland's
brusquerie is not worth notice, nor did I remember it. Mr.
Pennant's impetuosity you must overlook too; though I love your
delicacy about your friend's memory. Nobody that knows you will
suspect you of wanting it; but, in the ocean of books that
overflows every day, who will recollect a thousandth part of what
is in most of them? By the number of writers one should
naturally suppose there were multitudes of readers; but if there
are, which I doubt, the latter read only the productions of the
day. Indeed, if they did read former publications, they would
have no occasion to read the modern, which, like Mr. Pennant's,
are borrowed wholesale from the more ancient: it is sad to say,
that the borrowers add little new but mistakes. I have just been
turning over Mr. Nichols's eight volumes of Select Poems, which
he has swelled unreasonably with large collops of old authors,
most of whom little deserved revivifying. I bought them for
the biographical notes, in which I have found both inaccuracies
and blunders. For instance, one that made me laugh. In Lord
Lansdown's Beauties he celebrates a lady, one Mrs. Vaughan *
Mr. Nichols turns to the peerage of that time, and finds a Duke
of Bolton married a Lady Ann Vaughan; he instantly sets her down
for the lady in question, and introduces her to posterity as a
beauty. Unluckily, she was a monster, so ugly, that the Duke,
then Marquis of Winchester, being forced by his father to marry
her for her great fortune, was believed never to have
consummated' and parted from her as soon as his father died; but,
if our predecessors are exposed to these misrepresentations, what
shall we be, when not only all private history is detailed in the
newspapers, but scarce ever with tolerable fidelity! I have long
said, that if a paragraph in a newspaper contains a word of
truth, it is sure to be accompanied with two or three blunders;
yet, who will believe that papers published in the face of the
whole town should be nothing but magazines of lies, every one of
which fifty persons could contradict and disprove? Yet so it
certainly is, and future history will probably be ten times
falser than all preceding. Adieu! Yours most sincerely.
Letter 250 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, July 23, 1782. (page 316)
I have been more dilatory than usual, dear Sir, in replying to
your last; but it called for no particular answer, nor have I now
any thing worth telling you. Mr. Gough and Mr. Nichols dined
with me on Saturday last. I lent the former three-and-twenty
drawings of monuments out of Mr. Lethieullier's books, for his
large work, which will be a magnificent one. Mr. Nichols is, as
you say, a very rapid editor, and I must commend him for being a
very accurate one. I scarce ever saw a book so correct as his
Life of Mr. Bowyer. I wish it deserved the pains he has bestowed
on it every way, and that he would not dub so many men great. I
have known several of his heroes who were very little men. Dr.
Mead had nothing but pretensions; and Philip Carteret Webb was a
sorry knave, with still less foundation. To what a slender total
do those shrink who are the idols of their own age! How very few
are known at all at the end of the next century! But there is a
chapter in Voltaire that would cure any body of being a great man
even in his own eyes. It is a chapter in which a Chinese goes
into a bookseller's shop, and marvels at not finding any of his
own country's classics. It is a chapter that ought never to be
out of the sight of any vain author. I have just got the
catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Museum. It is every way
piteously dear; the method is extremely puzzling, and the
contents chiefly rubbish: who would give a rush for Dr. Birch's
correspondence? many of the pieces are in print. In truth, I
set little store by a collection of manuscripts. A work must be
of little value that never could get into print; I mean, if it
has existed half a century. The articles that diverted me most
were an absolute novelty; I knew Henry VIII. was a royal author,
but not a royal quack. There are several receipts of his own,
and this delectable one amongst others. "The King's Grace's
oyntement made at St. James's, to coole, and dry, and comfort the
--." Another, to the same purpose, was devised at Cawoode,--was
not that an episcopal palace? How devoutly was the head of the
church employed! I hope that you have recovered your spirits;
and that summer, which is arrived at last, will make a great
amendment in you.
Letter 251To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, August 16, 1782. (page 317)
If this letter reaches your lordship, I believe it must be
conveyed by a dove; for we are all under water, and a postman has
not where to set the sole of his foot. They tell me, that in the
north you have not been so drowned, which will be very fortunate:
for in these parts every thing is to be apprehended for the corn,
the sheep, and the camps: but, in truth, all kinds of prospects
are most gloomy, and even in lesser lights uncomfortable. Here
we cannot stir, but armed for battle. Mr. Potts, who lives at
Mr. Hindley's, was attacked and robbed last week at the end of
Gunnersbury-lane, by five footpads who had two blunderbusses.
Lady Browne and I do continue going to Twickenham park; but I
don't know how long it will be prudent, nor whether it is so now.
I have not been at Park-place, for Mr. Conway is never there, at
least only for a night or two. His regiment was reviewed
yesterday at Ashford-common, but I did not go to see it. In
truth, I have so little taste for common sights, that I never yet
did see a review in my life: I was in town last week, yet saw not
Monsieur de Grasse;(482) nor have seen the giant or the dwarf.
Poor Mrs. Clive is certainly very declining, but has been better
of late; and which I am glad of, thinks herself better. All
visions that comfort one are desirable: the conditions of
mortality do not bear being pryed into; nor am I an admirer of
that philosophy that scrutinizes into them: the philosophy of
deceiving one's self is vastly preferable. What signifies
anticipating what we cannot prevent?
I do not pretend to send your lordship any news, for I do not
know a tittle, nor inquire. Peace is the sole event of which I
wish to hear. For private news, I have outlived almost all the
world with which I was acquainted, and have no curiosity about
the next generation, scarce more than about the twentieth
century. I wish I was less indifferent, for the sake of the few
with whom I correspond,-your lordship in particular, who are
always so good and partial to me, and on whom I should
indubitably wait, were I fit to take a long journey; but as I
walk no better than a tortoise, I make a conscience of not
incommodating my friends, whom I should Only Confine at home.
Indeed both my feet and hands are so lame, that I now scarce ever
dine abroad. Being so antiquated and insipid, I will release
your lordship; and am, with my unalterable respects to Lady
Strafford, your lordship's most devoted humble servant.
(482) The Comte de Grasse, the admiral of the French fleet which
Rodney defeated on the 12th of April, 1782, and who had struck
his flag in that engagement to the Barbeur, and surrendered
himself to Sir Samuel Hood, landed at Portsmouth, as a prisoner
of war, on the 5th of August.-E.
Letter 252 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.(483)
Strawberry Hill, August 20, 1782. (page 318)
You know I am too reasonable to expect to hear from you when you
are so overwhelmed in business, or to write when I have nothing
upon earth to say. I would come to town, but am to have company
on Thursday, and am engaged with Lady Cecilia at Ditton on
Friday,
and On Monday I am to dine and pass the day at Sion-hill; and, as
I am twenty years older than any body of my age, I am forced to
rest myself between my parties. I feel this particularly at this
moment, as the allied houses of Lucan and Althorpe have just been
breakfasting here, and I am sufficiently fatigued.
I have not been at Oatlands for years; for consider I cannot
walk, much less climb a precipice; and the Duke of Newcastle has
none of the magnificence of petty princes in a romance or in
Germany, of furnishing calashes to those who visit his domains.
He is not undetermined about selling the place; but besides that
nobody is determined to buy it, he must have Lord Lincoln's
consent.
I saw another proud prince yesterday, your cousin Seymour from
Paris, and his daughter. She was so dishevelled, that she looked
like a pattern doll that had been tumbled at the Custom-house.
I am mighty glad that war has gone to sleep like a paroli at
faro, and that the rain has cried itself to death; unless the
first would dispose of all the highwaymen, footpads, and
housebreakers, or the latter drown them, for nobody hereabouts
dare stir after dusk, nor be secure at home. When you have any
interval Of Your little campaigns, I shall hope to see you and
Lady Ailesbury here.
(483) Now first printed.
Letter 253 To The Earl Of Buchan.(484)
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 15, 1782. (page 319)
I congratulate your lordship on the acquisition of a valuable
picture by Jameson. The Memoirs of your Society I have not yet
received; but when I do, shall read it with great pleasure, and
beg your lordship to offer my grateful thanks to the members, and
to accept them yourself.
No literature appears here at this time of the year. London, I
hear, is particularly empty. Not only the shooting season is
begun, but till about seventeen days ago, there was nothing but
incessant rains, and not one summer's day. A catalogue, in two
quartos, of the Manuscripts in the British Museum, and which
thence does not seem to contain great treasures, and Mr.
Tyrwhitt's book on the Rowleian controversy, which is reckoned
completely victorious, are all the novelties I have seen since I
left town. War and politics occupy those who think at all-no
great number neither; and most of those, too, are content with
the events of the day, and forget them the next. But it is too
like an old man to blame the age; and, as I have nothing to do
with it, I may as well be silent and let it please itself. I am,
with great regard, my lord, yours, etc.
(484) Now first collected.
Letter 254 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 17, 1782. (page 319)
I had not time yesterday to say what I had to say about your
coming hither. I should certainly be happy to see you and Lady
Ailesbury at any time: but it would be unconscionable to expect
it when you have scarce a whole day in a month to pass at your
own house, and to look after your own works. Friends, I know,
lay as great stress upon trifles as upon serious points; but as
there never was a more sincere attachment than mine, so it is the
most reasonable one too for I always think for you more than
myself. Do whatever you have to do, and be assured, that is what
I like best that you should do. The present hurry cannot last
always. Your present object is to show how much more fit you are
for your post(485) than any other man; by which you will do
infinite service too, and will throw a great many private acts of
good-nature and justice into the account. Do you think I would
stand in the way of any of these things? and that I am not aware
of them? Do you think about me? If it suits you at any moment,
come. Except Sunday next, when I am engaged to dine abroad, I
have nothing to do till the middle of October, when I shall go to
Nuneham; and, going or coming, may possibly catch you at
Park-place.
I am not quite credulous about your turning smoke into gold:(486)
it is perhaps because I am ignorant. I like Mr. Mapleton
extremely; and though I have lived so long, that I have little
confidence, I think you could not have chosen one more likely to
be faithful. I am sensible that my kind of distrust would
prevent all great enterprises; and yet I cannot but fear, that
unless one gives one's self' up entirely to the pursuit of a new
object, this risk must be doubled. But I will say no more; for I
do not even wish to dissuade you, as I am sure I understand
nothing of the matter, and therefore mean no more than to keep
your discretion awake.
The tempest of Monday night alarmed me too for the fleet: and as
I have nothing to do but to care, I feel for individuals as well
as for the public, and think of all those who may be lost, and of
all those who may be made miserable by such loss. Indeed, I care
most for individuals; for as to the public, it seems to be
totally insensible to every thing! I know nothing worth
repeating; and having now answered all your letter, shall bid you
good night. Yours ever.
(485) Mr. Conway was now commander-in-chief.
(486) Alluding to the coke-ovens, for which Mr. Conway afterwards
obtained a patent.
Letter 255 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 3, 1782. (page 320)
I did think it long since I had the honour of hearing from your
lordship; but, conscious how little I could repay you with any
entertainment, I waited with patience. In fact, I believe
summer-correspondences often turn on complaints of want of news.
it is unlucky that that is generally the season of
correspondence, as it is of separation. People assembled in a
capital contrive to furnish matter, but then they have not
occasion to write it. Summer, being the season of campaigns,
ought to be more fertile: I am glad when that is not the case,
for what is an account of battles but a list of burials?
Vultures and birds of prey might write with pleasure to their
correspondents in the Alps of such events; but they ought to be
melancholy topics to those who have no beaks or talons. At this
moment if I was an epicure among the sharks, I should rejoice
that General Elliot has just sent the carcases of fifteen hundred
Spaniards down to market under Gibraltar;(487) but I am more
pleased that he despatched boats, and saved some of those whom he
had overset. What must a man of so much feeling have suffered at
being forced to do his duty so well as he has done! I remember
hearing such another humane being, that brave old admiral Sir
Charles Wager, say, that in his life be had never killed a fly.
This demolition of the Spanish armada is a great event: a very
good one if it prevents a battle between Lord Howe and the
combined fleets, as I should hope; and yet better if it produces
peace, the only political crisis to which I look with eagerness.
Were that happy
moment arrived, there is ample matter to employ our great men, if
we have any, in retrieving the affairs of this country, if they
are to be retrieved. But though our sedentary politicians write
abundance of letters in the newspapers, full of plans of public
spirit, I doubt the nation is not sober enough to set about its
own work in earnest. When none reform themselves, little good is
to be expected, We see by the excess of highwaymen how far evils
may go before any attempt is made to cure them. I am sure, from
the magnitude of this inconvenience, that I am not talking merely
like an old man. I have lived here above thirty years, and used
to go every where round at all hours of the night without any
precaution. I cannot now stir a mile from my own house after
sunset without one or two servants with blunderbusses. I am not
surprised your lordship's pheasants were stolen: a woman was
taken last Saturday night loaded with nine geese, and they say
has impeached a gang Of fourteen housebreakers -but these are
undergraduates; when they should have taken their doctor's
degrees, they would not have piddled in such little game. Those
regius-professors the nabobs have taught men not to plunder for
farthings.
I am very sensible of your lordship's kindness to my nephew Mr.
Cholmondeley. He is a sensible, well-behaved young man, and, I
trust, would not have abused your goodness. Mr. Mason writes to
me, that he shall be at York at the end of this month. I was to
have gone to Nuneham; but the house is so little advanced, that
it is a question whether they can receive me. Mason, I doubt, has
been idle there. I am sure, if he found no muses there, he could
pick up none at Oxford, where there is not so much as a bedmaker
that ever lived in a muse's family. Tonton begs his duty to all
the lambs, and trusts that Lady Strafford will not reject his
homage.
(487) On the 13th of September, when General Elliot repulsed the
grand attack made on Gibraltar - and Captain Curtis of the
Brilliant, who commanded the marine brigade upon the occasion,
and his men, saved numbers of the Spaniards, at the hazard of
their own lives.-E.
Letter 256 To The Rev. Mr. Cole.
Strawberry Hill, Nov. 5, 1782. (page 321)
I had begun a letter in answer to another person, which I have
broken off on receiving yours, dear Sir. I am exceedingly
concerned at the bad account you give of yourself; and yet on
weighing it, I flatter myself that you are not Only out of all
danger, but have had a fortunate crisis, which I hope will
Prolong your life. A bile surmounted is a present from nature to
us, who are not boys: and though you speak as weary of life from
sufferings, and yet with proper resignation and philosophy, it
does not frighten me, as I know that any humour and gathering,
even in the gum, is strangely dispiriting. I do not write merely
from sympathizing friendship, but to beg that if your bile is not
closed or healing, you will let me know; for the bark is
essential, yet very difficult to have genuine. My apothecary
here, I believe, has some very good, and I will send you some
directly.
I will thank you, but not trouble you with an account of myself.
I had no fit of the gout, nor any new complaint; but it is with
the utmost difficulty I keep the humour from laming me entirely,
especially in my hands, which are a mine of chalk-stones; but, as
they discharge themselves, I flatter myself they prevent heavier
attacks.
I do take in the European Magazine, and think it in general one
of the best. I forgot what was said of me: sometimes I am
corrected, sometimes flattered, and care for neither. I have not
seen the answer to Mr. Warton, but will send for it.
I shall not be sorry on my own account if Dr. Lort quits Lambeth,
and comes to Saville-row, which is in my neighbourhood; but I did
not think a wife was the stall where he would set up his staff.
You have given me the only reason why I cannot be quite sorry
that you do not print what you had prepared for the press. No
kind intention towards me from you surprises me-but then I want
no new proofs. My wish, for whatever shall be the remainder of
my life is to be quiet and forgotten. Were my course to
recommence, and one could think in youth as one does at
sixty-five, I have no notion I should have courage to appear as
an author. Do you know, too, that I look on fame now as the
idlest of all visions? but this theme would lead me too far.
I collect a new comfort from your letter. The writing is much
better than in most of your latest letters. If your pain were
not ceased, you could not have formed your letters so firmly and
distinctly. I will not say more, lest I should draw you into
greater fatigue; let me have but a single line in answer. Yours
most cordially.(488)
(488) This is the last letter addressed by Walpole to Mr. Cole;
who died within six weeks of the date of it. The event is thus
recorded by Mr. Gough, in the second volume of his edition of
Camden's Britannia. "At Milton a small village on the Ely road,
was the retirement of the Rev. William Cole. Here, Dec. 16,
1782, in his sixty-eighth year, he closed a life spent in learned
research into the history and antiquities of this county in
particular, which nothing but his declining state of health
prevented this work from sharing the benefit of. He was buried
under the belfry of St. Clement's Church in Cambridge."-E.
Letter 257 To George Colman, Esq.(489)
Strawberry Hill, May 10, 1783. (page 322)
Dear Sir,
For so you must allow me to call you, after your being so kind as
to send me so valuable and agreeable a present as your
translation of Horace(490)--I wish compliment had left any term
uninvaded, Of which sincerity could make use without suspicion.
Those would be precisely what I would employ in commending your
poem; and, if they proved too simple to content my gratitude, I
would be satisfied with an offering to truth, and wait for a
nobler opportunity of sacrificing to the warmer virtue. If I
have not lost my memory, your translation is the best I have ever
seen of that difficult epistle. Your expression is easy and
natural, and when requisite, poetic. In short, it has a prime
merit, it has the air of an original.
Your hypothesis in your commentary is very ingenious. I do not
know whether it is true, which now cannot be known; but if the
scope of the epistle was, as you suppose, to hint in a delicate
and friendly manner to the elder of Piso's sons that he had
written a bad tragedy, Horace had certainly executed his plan
with great address; and, I think, nobody will be able to show
that any thing in the poem clashes with your idea. Nay, if he
went farther, and meant to disguise his object, by giving his
epistle the air of general rules on poetry and tragedy, he
achieved both purposes; and while the youth his friend was at
once corrected and put to no shame, all other readers were kept
in the dark, except you, and diverted to different scents.(491)
Excuse my commenting your comment, but I had no other way of
proving that I really approve both your version and criticism
than by stating the grounds of my applause. If you have wrested
the sense of the original to favour your own hypothesis, I have
not been able to discover your art; for I do not perceive where
it has been employed. If you have given Horace more meaning than
he was intitled to, you have conferred a favour on him, for you
have made his whole epistle consistent, a beauty all the
spectacles of all his commentators could not find out-but,
indeed, they proceed on the profound laws of criticism, you by
the laws of common sense, which, marching on a plain natural
path, is very apt to arrive sooner at the goal, than they who
travel on the Appian Way; which was a very costly and durable
work, but is very uneasy, and at present does not lead to a
quarter of the places to which it was originally directed.
I am, Sir, with great regard, your most
obedient and obliged humble servant.
(489) Now first collected.
(490) His translation of Horace's Epistola ad Pisones de Arte
Poeticae.-E.
(491) It had been the opinion of Bishop Hurd, that - it was the
proper and sole purpose of ,Horace simply to criticise the Roman
drama;" but Mr. Colman assumed a contrary ground. "If my
partiality to my lamented friend, Mr. Colman," says Dr. Joseph
Warton, "does not mislead me, I should think his account of the
matter the most judicious of any yet published. He conceives
that the elder Piso had written, or meditated, a Poetical
work-probably, a tragedy, and had communicated his piece in
confidence to Horace; but Horace, either disapproving of the
work, or doubting of the poetical faculties of the elder Piso, or
both, wished to dissuade him from all thoughts of publication.
With this view he wrote his Epistle, addressing it, with a
courtliness and delicacy perfectly agreeable to his acknowledged
character, indifferently to the whole family, the father and his
two sons."-E.
Letter 258 To The Earl Of Buchan.(492)
Strawberry Hill, May 12, 1783. (page 324)
My lord,
I did not know, till I received the honour of your lordship's
letter, that any obstruction had been given to your charter. I
congratulate your lordship and the Society on the defeat of that
opposition, which does not seem to have been a liberal one. The
pursuit of national antiquities has rarely been an object, I
believe, with any university: why should they obstruct others
from marching in that track? I have often thought the English
Society of Antiquaries have gone out of their way when they
meddled with Roman remains, especially if not discovered within
our island. Were I to speak out, I should own, that I hold most
reliques of the Romans that have been found in Britain, of little
consequence, unless relating to such emperors as visited us.
Provincial armies stationed in so remote and barbarous a quarter
as we were then, acted little, produced little worth being
remembered. Tombstones erected to legionary officers and their
families, now dignified by the title of inscriptions; and banks
and ditches that surrounded camps, which we understand much
better by books and plans, than by such faint fragments, are
given with much pomp, and tell us nothing new. Your lordship's
new foundation seems to proceed on a much more rational and
useful plan. The biography of the illustrious of your country
will be an honour to Scotland, to those illustrious, and to the
authors: and may contribute considerably to the general history;
for the investigation of particular lives may bring out many
anecdotes that may unfold secrets of state, or explain passages
in such histories as have been already written; especially as the
manners of the times may enter into private biography, though
before Voltaire manners were rarely weighed in general history,
though very often the sources of considerable events. I shall be
very happy to see such lives as shall be published, while I
remain alive. I cannot contribute any thing of consequence to
your lordship's meditated account of John Law. I have heard many
anecdotes of him, though none that I can warrant, particularly
that of the duel for which he fled early.(493) I met the other
day with an account in some French literary gazette, I forget
which, of his having carried off the wife of another man. Lady
Catherine Law, his wife, lived, during his power in France, in
the most stately manner. Your lordship knows, to be sure, that
he died and is buried at Venice. I have two or three different
prints of him, and an excellent head of him in crayons by
Rosalba, the best of her portraits. It is certainly very like,
for, were the flowing wig converted into a female head-dress, it
would be the exact resemblance of Lady Wallingford, his daughter,
whom I See frequently at the Duchess of Montrose's, and who has
by no means a look of the age to which she is arrived. Law was a
very extraordinary man, but not at all an estimable one.
I don't remember whether I ever told your lordship that there are
many charters of your ancient kings preserved in the Scots
College at Paris, and probably many other curiosities. I think I
did mention many paintings of the old house of Lenox in the
ancient castle at Aubigny.
(492) Now first collected.
(493) Evelyn, in his Diary, gives the following account of this
duel:--"April 22 1694. A very young man, named Wilson, the
younger son of one who had not above two hundred pounds a-year
estate, lived in the garb and equipage of the richest nobleman,
for house, furniture, coaches, saddle-horses, and kept a table
and all things accordingly, redeemed his father's estate, and
gave portions to his sisters, being challenged by one Laws, a
Scotchman, was killed in a duel, not fairly. The quarrel arose
from his taking away his own sister from a lodging in a house
where this Laws had a mistress , which the mistress of the house
thinking a disparagement to it, and losing by it, instigated Laws
to this duel. He was taken, and condemned for murder. The
mystery is, how this so young a gentleman, very sober and of good
fame, could live in such an expensive manner; it could not be
discovered by all possible industry, or entreaty of his friends
to make him reveal it. It did not appear that he was kept by
women, play, coining, padding, or dealing in chemistry; but he
would sometimes say, that, if he should live ever so long, he had
wherewith to maintain himself in the same manner, This was a
subject Of much discourse." Law was found guilty of murder, and
sentence of death was passed upon him. He however, found means
to escape, and got clear off to the Continent. A reward of fifty
bounds for is apprehension appeared in the London Gazette of the
7th of January, 1695.-E.
Letter 259 To The Hon. George Hardinge.
Berkeley Square, May 17, 1783. (page 325)
Though I shall not be fixed at Strawberry on this day fortnight,
I will accept your offer, dear Sir, because my time is more at my
disposal than yours, and you May not have any other day to bestow
upon me later. I thank you for your second: which I shall read
as carefully as I did the former. It is not your fault if you
have not yet made Sir Thomas Rumbold white as driven snow to
Me.(494) Nature has providentially given us a powerful antidote
to eloquence, or the criminal that has the best advocate would
escape. But, when rhetoric. and logic stagger my lords the
judges, in steps prejudice, and, without one argument that will
make a syllogism, confutes Messrs. Demosthenes, Tully, and
Hardinge, and makes their lordships see as clearly as any old
woman in England, that belief is a much better rule Of faith than
demonstration. This is Just my case: I do believe, nay, and I
will believe, that no man ever went to India with honest
intentions. If he returns with 100,000 pounds it is plain that I
was in the right. But I have still a stronger proof; my Lord
Coke says "Set a thief to catch a thief;" my Lord Advocate(495)
says, "Sir Thomas is a rogue:" ergo.--I cannot give so complete
an answer to the rest of your note, as I trust I have done to
your pleadings, because the latter is in print, and your note is
manuscript. Now, unfortunately, I cannot read half of it; for,
give me leave to say, that either your hand or my spectacles are
so bad, that I generally guess at your meaning rather than
decipher it, and this time the context has not served me well.
(494) The bill of pains and penalties against Sir Thomas Rumbold,
late governor of Madras, was at this time in its progress through
the House of Commons. On the 1st of July, the further
proceedings upon the bill were adjourned to the 1st of October;
by which means the whole business fell to the ground.-E.
(495) Mr. Dundas, afterwards Lord Melville. "I think him," said
Mr. Wilberforce, in June, 1781, "the first speaker on the
ministerial side in the House of Commons, and there is a
manliness in his character which prevents his running away from
the question; he grants all his adversaries' premises, and fights
them On their own ground." Life, vol. i. P. 21.-E.
Letter 260 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, June 24, 1783. (page 326)
Though your lordship's partiality extends even to my letters, you
must perceive that they grow as antiquated as the writer. News
are the soul of letters: when we give them a body of our own
invention, it is as unlike to life as a statue. I have withdrawn
so much from the -world, that the newspapers know every thing
before me, especially since they have usurped the province of
telling every thing, private as -well as public: and
consequently, a great deal more than I should -wish to know, or
like to report. When I do hear the transactions of much younger
people, they do not pass from my ears into my memory; nor does
your lordship interest yourself more about them than I do. Yet
still, when one reduces one's departments to such narrow limits,
one's correspondence suffers by it. However, as I desire to show
only my gratitude and attachment, not my wit, I shall certainly
obey your lordship as long as you are content to read my letters,
after I have told you fairly how little they can entertain you.
For imports of French, I believe we shall have few more. They
have not ruined us so totally by the war, much less enriched
themselves so much by it, but that they who have been here,
complained so piteously of the expensiveness of England, that
probably they will deter others from a similar jaunt; nor, such
is their fickleness, are the French Constant to any thing but
admiration of themselves. Their Anglomanie I hear has mounted,
or descended, from our customs to our persons. English people
are in fashion at Versailles. A Mr. Ellis,(496) who wrote some
pretty verses at Bath two or three years ago, is a favourite
there. One who was so, or may be still, the Beau Dillon, came
upon a very different errand; in short, to purchase at any price
a book written by Linguet, which was just coming out, called
"Antoinette." That will tell your lordship why the Beau
Dillon(497) was the messenger.
Monsieur de Guignes and his daughters came hither; but it was at
eight o'clock at night in the height of the deluge. You may be
sure I was much flattered by such a visit! I was forced to light
candles to show them any thing; and must have lighted the moon to
show them the views. If this is their way of seeing England,
they might as well look at it with an opera-glass from the shores
of Calais.
Mr. Mason is to come to me on Sunday, and will find me mighty
busy in making my lock of hay, which is not Yet cut. I don't
know why, but people are always more anxious about their hay than
their corn, or twenty other things that cost them more. I
suppose my Lord Chesterfield, or some such dictator, made it
fashionable to care about one's hay. Nobody betrays solicitude
about getting in his rents.
We have exchanged spring and summer for autumn and winter, as
well as day for night. If religion or law enjoined people to
love light, and prospect, and verdure, I should not wonder if
perverseness made us hate them; no, nor if society made us prefer
living always in town to solitude and beauty. But that is not
the case. The most fashionable hurry into the country at
Christmas and Easter, let the weather be ever so bad; and the
finest ladies, who will go no whither till eleven at night,
certainly pass more tiresome hours in London alone than they
would in the country. But all this is no business of mine: they
do what they like, and so do I; and I am exceedingly tolerant
about people who are perfectly indifferent to me. The sun and
the seasons were not gone out of fashion when I was young; and I
may do what I will with them now I am old: for fashion is
fortunately no law but to its devotees. Were I five-and-twenty,
I dare to say I should think every whim of my contemporaries very
wise, as I did then. In one light I am always on the side of the
Young, for they only silently despise those who do not conform to
their ordinances; but age is very apt to be angry at the change
of customs, and partial to others no better founded. It is happy
when we are occupied by nothing more serious. It is happy for a
nation when mere fashions are a topic that can employ its
attention; for, though dissipation may lead to graver moments, it
commences with ease and tranquillity: and they at least who live
before the scene shifts are fortunate, considering and comparing
themselves with the various regions who enjoy no parallel
felicity. I confess my reflections are couleur de rose at
present. I did not much expect to live to see peace, without far
more extensive ruin than has fallen on us. I will not probe
futurity in search of less agreeable conjectures.
Prognosticators may see many seeds of dusky hue; but I am too old
to look forwards. Without any omens, common sense tells one,
that in the revolution of ages nations must have unprosperous
periods. But why should I torment myself for what may happen in
twenty years after my death, more than for what may happen in two
hundred? Nor shall I be more interested in the one than in the
other. This is no indifference for my country: I wish it could
always be happy; but so I do to all other countries. Yet who
could ever pass a tranquil moment, if such future speculations
vexed him?
Adieu, my good lord! I doubt this letter has more marks of
senility than the one I announced at the beginning. When I had
no news to send you, it was no reason for tiring you with
commonplaces. But your lordship's indulgence spoils me. Does
not it look as if I thought, that, because you commend my
letters, you would like whatever I say? Will not Lady Strafford
think that I abuse your patience? I ask both your pardons, and
am to both a most devoted humble servant.
(496) George Ellis, Esq.; afterwards a contributor to "The
Rolliad;" a coadjutor of Mr. Canning and Mr. Frere in "The
Anti-Jacobin," and editor of "Specimens of Ancient English
Romances," etc. He died in 1815, at the age of seventy. Sir
Walter Scott, in the introduction to the fifth canto of Marmion,
thus addresses him-
Thou, who can give to lightest lay
An unpedantic moral gay,
Nor less the dullest theme bid flit
On wings of unexpected wit;
In letters as in life approved,
Example honour'd and beloved;
Dear Ellis! to the bard impart
A lesson of thy magic art
To win at once the head and heart,-
At once to charm, instruct, and mend,
My guide, my pattern, and my friend!"-E.
(497) "Colonel Edward Dillon was particularly acquainted with
him," says Wraxall, in his posthumous Memoirs; "he descended, I
believe, collaterally from the noble Irish family of the Earls of
Roscommon, though his father carried on the trade of a
wine-merchant at Bordeaux; but he was commonly called 'Le Comte
Edouard Dillon,' and 'Le Beau Dillon.' In my estimation, he
possessed little pretense to the latter epithet: but surpassed
most men in stature, like Lord Whitworth, Lord Hugh Seymour, and
the other individuals on whom Marie Antoinette cast a favourable
eye. That she showed him some imprudent marks of predilection at
a ball, which, when they took place, excited Comment, is true;
but they prove only indiscretion and levity on her part."-E.
Letter 261 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, August 1, 1783. (page 328)
It would be great happiness indeed to me, my dear lord, if such
nothings as my letters could contribute to any part of your
lordship's; but as your own partiality bestows their chief merit
on them, you see they owe More to your friendship than to the
writer. It is not my interest to depreciate them; much less to
undermine the foundation of their sole worth. Yet it would be
dishonest not to warn your lordship, that if my letters have had
any intrinsic recommendation, they must lose of it every day.
Years and frequent returns of gout have made a ruin of me.
Dulness, in the form of indolence, grows upon me. I am inactive,
lifeless, and so indifferent to most things. that I neither
inquire after nor remember any topics that might enliven my
letters. Nothing is so insipid as my way of passing MY time.
But I need not specify what my letters speak. They can have no
spirit left; and would be perfectly inanimate, if attachment and
gratitude to your lordship were as liable to be extinguished by
old age as our more amusing qualities. I make no new connexions;
but cherish those that remain' with all the warmth of youth and
the piety of gray hairs.
The weather here has been, and is, with very few intervals,
sultry to this moment. I think it has been of service to me;
though by overheating Myself I had a few days of lameness. The
harvest is half over already all round us; and so pure, that not
a poppy or cornflower is to be seen. Every field seems to have
been weeded like Brisco's bowling-green. If Ceres, who is at
least as old as many of our fashionable ladies, loves tricking
herself out in flowers as they do, she must be mortified: and
with more reason; for she looks well always with top-knots of
ultramarine and vermilion, which modern goddesses do not for half
so long as they think they do. As Providence showers so many
blessings on us, I wish the peace may confirm them! Necessary I
am sure it was; and when it cannot restore us, where should we
have been had the war continued? Of our situation and prospect I
confess my opinion is melancholy, not from present politics but
from past. We flung away the most brilliant position, I doubt,
for a long season! With politics I have totally done. I wish
the present ministers may last; for I think better of their
principles than of those of their opponents (with a few salvos on
both sides,) and so I do of their abilities. But it would be
folly in me to concern myself about new generations. How little
a way can I see of their progress!
I am rather surprised at the new Countess of Denbigh. How could
a woman be ambitious of resembling Prometheus, to be pawed and
clawed and gnawed by a vulture?(498) I beg your earldom's
pardon; but I could not conceive that a coronet was so very
tempting!
Lady Browne is quite recovered, unless she relapses from what we
suffer at Twickenham-park from a Lord Northesk,(499) an old
seaman, who is come to Richmond on a visit to the Duke of
Montrose. I think the poor man must be out of his senses, at
least he talks us out of ours. It is the most incessant and
incoherent rhapsody that ever was heard. He sits by the
card-table, and pours on Mrs. N * * * all that ever happened in
his voyages or his memory. He details the ship's allowance, and
talks to her as if she was his first-mate. Then in the mornings
he carries his daughter to town to see St. Paul's, and the Tower,
and Westminster Abbey; and at night disgorges all he has seen,
till we don't know the ace of spades from Queen Elizabeth's
pocket-pistol in the armoury. Mercy on us! And mercy on your
lordship too! Why should you be stunned with that alarum? Have
you had your earthquake, my lord? Many have had theirs. I
assure you I have had mine. Above a week ago, when broad awake,
the doors of the cabinet by my bedside rattled, without a breath
of wind. I imagined somebody was walking on the leads, or had
broken into the room under me. It was between four and five in
the morning. I rang my bell. Before my servant could come it
happened again; and was exactly like the horizontal tremor I felt
from the earthquake some years ago. As I had rung once, it is
plain I was awake. I rang again; but heard nothing more. I am
quite persuaded there was some commotion; nor is it surprising
that the dreadful eruptions of fire on the coasts of Italy and
Sicily(500) should have occasioned some alteration that has
extended faintly, hither, and contributed to the heats and mists
that have been so extraordinary. George Montagu said of our last
earthquake, that it was so tame you might have stroked it. It is
comfortable to live where one can reason on them without dreading
them! What satisfaction should you have in having erected such a
monument of your taste, my lord, as Wentworth Castle, if you did
not know but it might be overturned in a moment and crush you?
Sir William Hamilton is expected: he has been groping in all
those devastations. Of all vocations I would not be a professor
of earthquakes! I prefer studies that are couleur de rose; nor
would ever think of calamities, if I can do nothing To relieve
them. Yet this is a weakness of mind that I do not defend. They
are more respectable who can behold philosophically the great
theatre of events, or rather this little theatre of ours! In
some ampler sphere, they may look on the catastrophe of
Messina(501) as we do kicking to Pieces an ant-hill.
Bless me! what a farrago is my letter! It is like the extracts
of books in a monthly magazine! I had no right to censure poor
Lord Northesk's ramblings! Lady Strafford will think he has
infected me. Good-night, my dear lord and lady! Your ever
devoted.
(498) An allusion to Lord Denbigh's figure, and his arms blazoned
on a spread eagle.-E.
(499) George, sixth Earl of Northesk, a naval officer of
distinction, who attained the rank of admiral of the white. He
died in 1792.-E.
(500) In the course of this year a series of violent earthquakes
occurred in Calabria and Sicily. In February, the city of Casal
Nuova was entirely swallowed up; and the Princess Gerace
Grimaldi, with more than four thousand persons, perished in an
instant. The inhabitants of Scylla, who, headed by their Prince,
had descended from the rock and taken refuge on the sea-shore,
were all washed away by an enormous wave, on its return from the
land which it had inundated.-E.
(501) Messina, and all the northern parts of Sicily, suffered
greatly by the convulsions of nature alluded to in the preceding
note.-E.
Letter 262 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, August 15, 1783. (page 330)
The address from the Volunteers is curious indeed, and upon the
first face a little Irish. What! would they throw off our
Parliament, and yet amend it? It is like correcting a question in
the House of Commons, and then voting against it. But I suppose
they rather mean to increase confusion here, that we may not be
at leisure to impede their progress; at least this may be the
intention of the leaders. Large bodies are only led by being
earnest in themselves, when their leaders are not so: but my head
is not clear enough to apply it to different matters, nor could I
do any good if it were. Our whole system is become a disjointed
chaos, and time must digest it, or blow it up shortly. I see no
way into it, nor expect any thing favourable but from chance,
that often stops confusion on a sudden. To restore us by any
system, it would require a single head furnished with wisdom,
temper, address, fortitude, full and undivided power, and sincere
patriotism divested of all personal views. Where is that prodigy
to be found? and how should it have the power, if it had all the
rest? And if it had the power, how could it be divested of that
power again? And if it were not, how long would it retain its
virtues? Power and wisdom would soon unite, like Antony and
Augustus, to annihilate their colleague virtue, for being a poor
creature like Lepidus. In short, the mass of matter is too big
for me: I am going Out of the world, and cannot trouble myself
about it. I do think of your part in it, and wish to preserve
you where you are, for the benefits that you may contribute. I
have a high opinion of Mr. Fox, and believe that by frankness you
may become real friends, which would be greatly advantageous to
the country. There is no competition in my mind where you are
concerned: but Fox is the minister with whom I most wish you
united,-indeed, to all the rest I am indifferent or adverse: but,
besides his superior abilities, he has a liberality of acting
that is to my taste; it is like my father's plainness, and has
none of the paltry little finesses of a statesman.
Your parties do not tempt me, because I am not well enough to
join in them: nor yet will they stop me, though I had rather find
only you and Lady Ailesbury and Mrs. Damer. I am not seriously
ill; nay, am better upon the whole than I was last year: but I
perceive decays enough in myself to be sensible that the scale
may easily be inclined to the worst side. This observation makes
'me very indifferent to every thing that is not much at my heart.
Consequently what concerns you is, as it has always been for
above forty years, a principal object. Adieu!
Letter 263To The Hon. H. S. Conway.(502)
Strawberry Hill, Sunday, August 27, 1783. (page 331)
Though I begin my letter on and have dated it Sunday, I recollect
that it may miss you if you go to town on Tuesday, and therefore
I shall not send it to the post till to-morrow. I can give you
but an indifferent account of myself. I went to Lord Dacre's:
but whether the heat and fatigue were too much for me, or whether
the thunder turned me sour, for I am at least as weak as
small-beer, I came back with the gout in my left hand and right
foot. The latter confined me for three days; but though my ankle
is still swelled, I do not stay in my house: however I am
frightened, and shall venture no more expeditions yet; for my
hands and feet are both SO lame, that I am neither comfortable to
myself or any body else, abroad, when I must confine them, stay
by myself or risk pain, which the least fatigue gives me. At
this moment I have a worse embargo even than lameness on me. The
Prince d'Hessenstein has written to offer me a visit--I don't
know when. I have just answered his note, and endeavoured to
limit its meaning to the shortest sense I could, by proposing to
give him a dinner or a breakfast. I would keep my bed rather
than crack our northern French together for twelve hours.
I know nothing upon earth but my own disasters. Another is, that
all yesterday I thought all my gold-fish stolen. I am not sure
that they are not; but they tell me they keep at the bottom of
the water from the hot weather. It is all to be laded out
to-morrow morning, and then I shall know whether they are gone or
boiled.
Whenever the weather cools to an English consistence, I will see
you at Park-place or in town: but I think not at the former
before the end of next month, unless I recover more courage than
I have at present; for if I was to get a real fit, and be
confined to my bed in such sultry days, I should not have
strength to go through it. I have just fixed three new benches
round my bowling-green, that I may make four journeys of the
tour. Adieu!
Monday morning.
As I was rising this morning, I received an express from your
daughter, that she will bring Madame de Cambis and Lady Melbourne
to dinner here to-morrow. I shall be vastly pleased with the
party, but it puts Philip and Margaret to their wit's end to get
them a dinner: nothing is to be had here; we must send to
Richmond, and Kingston, and Brentford; I must borrow Mr. Ellis's
cook, and somebody's confectioner, and beg somebody's fruit, for
I have none of these of my own, nor know any thing of the matter:
but that is Philip and Margaret's affair, and not mine; and the
worse the dinner is, the more Gothic Madame de Cambis will think
it.
I have been emptying my pond, which was more in my head than the
honour of my kitchen; and in the mud of the troubled water I have
found all my gold, as Dunning and Barr`e(503) did last year. I
have taken out fifteen young fish of a year and a half old for
Lady Ailesbury, and reserved them as an offering worthy of
Amphitrite in the vase, in the cat's vase,(504) amidst the azure
flowers that blow. They are too portly to be carried in a
smelling-bottle in your pocket. I wish you could plan some way
of a waterman's calling for them, and transporting them to
Henley. They have not changed their colour, but will next year.
How lucky it would be, should you meet your daughter about
Turnham Green, and turn back with them!
(502) Now first printed.
503) In the preceding year, through the influence of Lord
Shelburne, a considerable pension had been granted to Colonel
Barr`e, and a peerage and pension to Mr. Dunning.-E.
(504) The china vase in which Walpole's favourite cat Selima was
drowned. See Gray's Works, vol. i. p. 6.-E.
Letter 264 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 12, 1783. (page 332)
Your lordship tells me you hope my summer has glided pleasantly,
like our Thames- I cannot say it has passed very pleasantly to
me, though, like the Thames, dry and low; for somehow or other I
caught a rheumatic fever in the great heats, and cannot get rid
of it. I have just been at Park-place and Nuneham, in hopes
change of air would cure me; but to no purpose. Indeed, as want
of sleep is my chief complaint, I doubt I must make use of a very
different and more disagreeable remedy, the air of London, the
only place that I ever find agree with me when I am out of order.
I was there for two nights a fortnight ago, and slept perfectly
well. In vain has my predilection for Strawberry made me try to
persuade myself that this was all fancy: but, I fear, reasons
that appear strong, though contrary to our inclinations, must be
good ones. London at this time of year is as nauseous a drug as
any in an apothecary's shop. I could find nothing at all to do,
and so went to Astley's, `which indeed was much beyond my
expectation. I do not wonder any longer that Darius was chosen
king by the instructions he gave to his horse; nor that Caligula
made 'his consul. Astley can make his dance minuets and
hornpipes: which is more extraordinary than to make them vote at
an election, or act the part of a magistrate, which animals of
less capacities can perform as dexterously as a returning officer
or a master in chancery. But I shall not have even Astley now:
her Majesty the Queen of France, who has as much taste as
Caligula, has sent for the whole dramatis personae to Paris. Sir
William Hamilton was at Park-place, and gave us dreadful accounts
of Calabria: he looks much older, and has the patina of a bronze.
At Nuneham I was much pleased with the improvements both within
doors and without. Mr. Mason was there; and as he shines in
every art, was assisting Mrs. Harcourt with his new discoveries
in painting, by which he will unite miniature and oil. Indeed,
she is a very apt and extraordinary scholar. Since our
professors seem to have lost the art of colouring, I am glad at
least that they have ungraduated assessors.
We have plenty and peace at last; consequently leisure for
repairing some of our losses, if we have sense to set about the
task. On what will happen I shall make no conjectures, as it is
not likely I should see much of what is to come. Our
enemies have humbled us enough to content them; and we have
succeeded so ill in innovations, that surely we shall not tempt
new storms in haste.
>From this place I can send your lordship new or entertaining,
nor expect more game in town, whither nothing but search of
health should carry me. Perhaps it is a vain chase at my age;
but at my age one cannot trust to Nature's operating cures
without aiding her; it is always time enough to abandon one's
self when no care will palliate our decays. I hope your lordship
and Lady Strafford will long be in no want of such attentions;
nor should I -have talked so Much of my own cracks, had I had any
thing else to tell you. It would be silly to aim at vivacity
when it is gone: and, though a lively old man is sometimes an
agreeable being, a pretending old man is ridiculous. Aches and
an apothecary cannot give one genuine spirits; 'tis sufficient if
they do not make one peevish' Your lordship is so kind as to
accept of me as I am, and you shall find nothing more counterfeit
in me than the sincere respect and gratitude with which I have
the honour to be your lordship's most devoted humble servant.
Letter 265 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 11, 1783. (page 334)
My rheumatism, I thank your lordship, is certainly better, though
not quite gone. It was very troublesome at night till I took the
bark; but that medicine makes me sleep like opium. But I will
say no more about it, nothing is so troublesome as to talk of
chronical complaints: has one any right to draw on the compassion
of others, when one must renew the address daily and for months?
The aspect of Ireland is very tempestuous.(505) I doubt they
will hurt us materially without benefiting themselves. If they
obtain very short parliaments, they will hurt themselves more
than us, by introducing a confusion that will prevent their
improvements. Whatever country does adopt short parliaments,
will, I am entirely persuaded, be forced to recur to their former
practice; I mean, if the disorders introduced do not produce
despotism of some sort or other. I am very sorry Mr. Mason
concurs in trying to revive the Associations.(506) Methinks our
state is so deplorable, that every healing measure ought to be
attempted instead of innovations. For my own part, I expect
nothing but distractions, and am not concerned to be so old. I
am so old, that, were I disposed to novelties, I should think
they little became my age. I should be ashamed, when my hour
shall come, to be caught in a riot of country squires and
parsons, and haranguing a mob with a shaking head. A leader of
faction ought to be young and vigorous. If an aged gentleman
does get an ascendant, he may be sure that younger men are
counting on his exit, and only flatter him to succeed to his
influence, while they are laughing at his misplaced activity. At
least, these would be my thoughts, who of all things dread being
a jest to the juvenile, if they find me out of my sphere.
I have seen Lord Carlisle's play, and it has a great deal of
merit--perhaps more than your lordship would expect. The
language and images are the best part, after the two principal
scenes, which are really fine.(507)
I did, as your lordship knows and says, always like and esteem
Lady Fitzwilliam. I scarce know my lord; but, from what I have
heard of him in the House of Lords, have conceived a good opinion
of his sense; of his character I never heard any ill; which is a
great testimonial in his favour, when there are so many horrid
characters, and when all that are conspicuous have their minutest
actions tortured to depose against them.
You may be sure, my dear lord, that I heartily pity Lady
Strafford's and your loss of four-legged friends. Sense and
fidelity are wonderful recommendations; and when one meets with
them, and can be confident that one is not imposed upon, I cannot
think that the two additional legs are any drawback. At least I
know that I have had friends who would never have vexed or
betrayed me, if they had walked on all-fours.
I have no news to send your lordship; indeed I inquire for none,
nor wish to hear any. Whence is any good to come? I am every
day surprised at hearing people eager for news. If there is any,
they are sure of hearing it. How can one be curious to know one
does not know what; and perpetually curious to know? Has one
nothing to do but to hear and relate something new? And why can
one care about nothing but what one does not know? And why is
every event worth hearing, only because one has not heard it?
Have not there been changes enough? divorces enough? bankruptcies
and robberies enough? and, above all, lies enough? No: or
people would not be everyday impatient for the newspaper. I own,
I am glad on Sunday when there is no paper(508) and no fresh lies
circulating. Adieu, my good lord and lady! May you long enjoy
your tranquillity, undisturbed by villany, folly, and madness!
(505) The Volunteer Corps of Ireland had long entertained
projects for reforming the parliamentary representation of the
country, and had appointed delegates for carrying that object
into effect. In September they met at Dungannon when a plan of
reform was proposed and agreed upon, and the 10th of November
fixed on for a convention at Dublin of the representatives of the
whole body of Volunteers. "Many gentlemen," says Mr. Hardy, in
his Memoirs of Lord Charlemont, "must have seen a letter of Mr.
Fox, then secretary of state, to General Burgoyne, at that time
commander-in-chief in Ireland, on the subject Convention. It was
written with the spirit of a patriot and wisdom of a true
statesman. In his ardour for a parliamentary reform, he yielded,
he said, to none of the Convention, but he dreaded the
consequences of such a proceeding; and would, he added, lament it
as the deepest misfortune of his life, if, by any untoward Steps
then taken, and whilst he was minister, the two kingdoms should
be separated, or run the Slightest risk of separation."-E.
(506) "The Yorkshire Association had been formed in 1779, from
the gentry of moderate fortunes and the more substantial yeomen.,
under the pressure of those burdens which resulted from the war
with America, with the view of obtaining, first, an economical,
and then a parliamentary reform; but in the various changes which
soon afterwards perplexed the political world, its first object
was almost forgotten, and its most important character was the
front Of Opposition which it now maintained against that powerful
aristocracy which had long ruled the country with absolute
dominion. It now declared against the Coalition administration."
Life of Wilberforce, vol. i. p. 51.-E.
(507) Of Lord Carlisle's tragedy, entitled " The Father's
Revenge,' Dr. Johnson also entertained a favourable opinion. "Of
the sentiments," he says, "I remember not one I wished omitted.
in the imagery, I cannot forbear to distinguish the comparison of
joy succeeding grief to light rushing on the eye accustomed to
darkness. It seems to have all that can be desired to make it
please: it is new, just, and delightful. With the characters,
either as conceived or preserved, I have no fault to find; but
was much inclined to congratulate a writer, who, in defiance of
prejudice and fashion, made the Archbishop a good man, and
scorned all thoughtless applause which a vicious churchman would
have brought him." It was with reference to this tragedy, that
Lord Byron regretted the flippant and unjust sarcasms against his
noble relation, which he had admitted into the early editions of
his "English Bards and Scotch Reviewers," under the mistaken
impression that Lord Carlisle had intentionally slighted him.-E.
(508) What would Walpole say, if he could witness the alteration
which has taken place in this respect since the year 1783?-E.
Letter 266 To Lady Browne.(509)
Berkeley Square, Oct. 19, 1783. (page 336)
As it is not fit my better-half should be ignorant of the state
of her worse-half, lest the gossips of the neighbourhood should
suspect we are parted; let them know, my life, that I am much
better to-day. I have had a good deal of fever, and a bad night
on Wednesday; but the last was much better, and the fever is much
diminished to-day. In short, I have so great an opinion of
town-dried air, that I expect to be well enough to return to
Twickenham on Monday; and, if I do, I will call on you that
evening; though I have not been out of my house yet. Indeed, it
is unfortunate that so happy a couple, who have never exchanged a
cross word, and who might claim the flitch of bacon, cannot be
well--the one in town, the other in the country.
(509) Now first printed
Letter 267 To Governor Pownall.
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 27, 1783. (page 336)
I am extremely obliged to you, Sir, for the valuable
communication made to me.(510) It is extremely so to me, as it
does justice to a memory I revere to the highest degree; and I
flatter myself that it would be acceptable to that part of the
world that loves truth; and that part will be the majority, as
fast as they pass away -who have an interest in preferring
falsehood. Happily, truth is longer-lived than the passions of
individuals; and, when mankind are not misled, they can
distinguish white from black. I myself do not pretend to be
unprejudiced; I must be so to the best of fathers - I should be
ashamed to be quite impartial. No wonder, then, Sir, if I am
greatly pleased with so able a justification; yet I am not so
blinded, but that I can discern solid reasons for admiring your
defence. You have placed that defence on sound and nezo grounds;
and, though very briefly, have very learnedly stated and
distinguished the landmarks of our constitution, and the
encroachments made on it, by justly referring the principles of
liberty to the Saxon systern, and by imputing the corruptions of
it to the Norman. This was a great deal too deep for that
superficial mountebank, Hume, to go; for a mountebank he was. He
mounted a system in the garb of a philosophic empiric, but
dispensed no drugs but what he was authorized to vend by a royal
patent, and which were full of Turkish opium. He had studied
nothing relative to the English constitution before Queen
Elizabeth, and had selected her most arbitrary acts to
countenance those of the Stuarts: and even hers he
misrepresented; for her worst deeds were levelled against the
nobility, those of the Stuarts against the people. Hers,
consequently, were rather an obligation to the people; for the
most heinous part of despotism is, that it produces a thousand
despots instead of one. Muley Moloch cannot lop off many heads
with his own hands; at least, he takes those in his way. those
of his courtiers; but his bashaws and viceroys spread destruction
every where. The flimsy, ignorant, blundering manner in which
Hume executed the reigns preceding Henry the Seventh, is a proof
how little he had examined the history of our constitution.
I could say much, much more, Sir, in commendation of your work,
were I not apprehensive of being biassed by the subject. Still,
that it would not be from flattery, I wilt prove, by taking the
liberty of making two objections; and they are only to the last
page but one. Perhaps you will think that my first objection
does show that I am too much biassed. I own I am sorry to see my
father compared to Sylla. The latter was a sanguinary usurper, a
monster; the former, the mildest, most forgiving, best-natured of
men, and a legal minister. Nor, I fear, will the only light in
which you compare them, Stand The test. Sylla resigned his power
voluntarily, insolently: perhaps timidly. as he might think he
had a better chance of dying in his bed, if he retreated, than by
continuing to rule by force. My father did not retire by his own
option. He had lost the majority of the House of Commons.
Sylla, you say, Sir, retired unimpeached; it is true, but covered
with blood. My father was not impeached, in our strict sense, Of
the word; but, to my great joy, he was in effect. A secret
committee, a worse inquisition than a jury, was named; not to try
him, but to sift his life for crimes: and Out Of Such a jury,
chosen in the dark, and not one of whom he might challenge, he
had some determined enemies, many opponents, and but two he could
suppose his friends. And what was the consequence ? A man
charged with every state crime almost, for twenty years, was
proved to have done--what? Paid some writers much more than they
deserved, for having defended him against ten thousand and ten
'thousand libels, (some of which had been written by his
inquisitors,) all which libels were confessed to have been lies
by his inquisitors themselves; for they could not produce a
shadow of one of the crimes with which they had charged him! I
must own, ,Sir, I think that Sylla and my father ought to be set
in opposition rather than paralleled.
My other objection is still more serious: and if I am so happy as
to convince you, I shall hope that you will alter the paragraph;
as it seems to impute something to Sir Robert, of which he was
not only most innocent, but of which if he had been guilty, I
should think him extremely so, for he would have been very
ungrateful. You say he had not the comfort to see that he had
established his own family by any thing which he received from
the gratitude of that Hanover family, or from the gratitude of
that country, which he had saved and served! Good Sir, what does
this sentence seem to imply, but that either Sir Robert himself,
or his family, thought or think, that the Kings George . and II.
or England, were ungrateful in not rewarding his services? Defend
him and us from such a charge! He
nor we ever had such a thought. Was it not rewarding him to make
him prime minister, and maintain and support him against his
enemies for twenty years together? Did not George I. make his
eldest son a peer, and give to the father and son a valuable
patent place in the custom-house for three lives? Did not George
II. give my elder brother the auditor's place, and to my brother
and me other rich places for our lives; for, though in the gift
of the first lord of the treasury, do we not owe them to the King
who made him so? Did not the late King make my father an earl,
and dismiss him with a pension of 4000 pounds a-year for his
life? Could he or we not think these ample rewards? What
rapacious sordid wretches must he and we have been, and be, could
we entertain such an idea? As far have we all been from thinking
him neglected by his country. Did not his country see and know
these rewards? and could it think these rewards inadequate?
Besides, Sir, great as I hold my father's services, they were
solid and silent, not ostensible. They were of a kind to which I
hold your justification a more suitable reward than pecuniary
recompenses. To have fixed the house of Hanover on the throne,
to have maintained this country in peace and affluence for twenty
years, with the other services you record, Sir, were actions, the
`eclat of which must be illustrated by time and reflection; and
whose splendour has been brought forwarder than I wish it had, by
comparison with a period very dissimilar! If Sir Robert had not
the comfort of leaving his family in affluence, it was not
imputable to his King or his country. Perhaps I am proud that he
did not. He died forty thousand pounds in debt. That was the
wealth of a man that had been taxed as the plunderer of his
country! Yet, with all my adoration of my father, I am just
enough to own that it was his own fault if he died so poor. He
had made Houghton much too magnificent for the moderate estate
which he left to support it; and, as he never --I repeat it with
truth, never--got any money but in the South Sea and while he was
paymaster. his fondness for his paternal seat, and his boundless
generosity, were too expensive for his fortune. I will mention
one instance, which will show how little he was disposed to turn
the favour of the crown to his own profit. He laid out fourteen
thousand pounds of his own money on Richmond New Park. I could
produce other reasons too why Sir Robert's family were not in so
comfortable a situation, as the world, deluded by
misrepresentation, might expect to see them at his death. My
eldest brother had been a very bad economist during his father's
life, and died himself fifty thousand pounds in debt, or more; so
that to this day neither Sir Edward nor I have received the five
thousand pounds apiece which Sir Robert left us as our fortunes.
I do not love to charge the dead; therefore will only say, that
Lady Orford (reckoned a vast fortune, which till she died she
never proved,) wasted vast sums; nor did my brother or father
ever receive but the twenty thousand pounds which she brought at
first,'and which were spent on the wedding and christening; I
mean, including her jewels.
I beg pardon, Sir, for this tedious detail, which is minutely,
perhaps too minutely, true; but, when I took the liberty of
contesting any part of a work which I admire so much, I owed it
to you and to myself to assign my reasons. I trust they will
satisfy you; and, if they do, I am sure you will alter a
paragraph against which it is the duty of the family to exclaim.
Dear as my father's memory is to my soul, I can never subscribe
to the position that he was unrewarded by the house of Hanover.
(510) The Governor's "Character of Sir Robert Walpole." It will
be found among the original papers in COXe's Life of Sir
Robert.-E.
Letter 268 To Governor Pownall.
Berkeley Square, Nov. 7, 1783. (page 339)
You must allow me, Sir, to repeat my thanks for the second copy
of your tract on my father, and for your great condescension in
altering the two passages to which I presumed to object; and
which are not only more consonant to exactness, but, I hope, no
disparagement to the piece. To me they are quite satisfactory.
And it is a comfort to me too, that what I begged to have changed
was not any reflection prejudicial to his memory; but, in the
first point, a parallel not entirely similar in circumstances;
and, in the other, a sort of censure on 'others to which I could
not subscribe. With all my veneration for my father's memory, I
should not remonstrate against just censure on him. Happily, to
do justice to him, most iniquitous calumnies ought to be removed;
and then there would remain virtues and merits enough, far to
outweigh human errors, from which the best of men, like him,
cannot be exempt. Let his enemies, ay and his friends, be
compared with him, and then justice would be done! Your essay,
Sir, will, I hope, some time or other, clear the way to his
vindication. It points out the true way of examining his
character; and is itself, as far as it goes, unanswerable. As
such, what an obligation it must be to, Sir, etc.
Letter 269To The Earl Of Strafford.
Berkeley Square, Nov. 10, 1783. (page 339)
If I consulted my reputation as 'a writer, which your lordship's
partiality is so kind as to allot me, I should wait a few days
till my granary is fuller of stock, which probably it would be by
the end of next week; but, in truth, I had rather be a grateful,
and consequently a punctual correspondent, than an ingenious one;
as I value the honour of your lordship's friendship more than
such tinsel bits of fame as can fall to my share, and of which I
am particularly sick at present, as the Public Advertiser dressed
me out t'other day with a heap of that dross which he had
pillaged from some other strolling playwrights, who I did not
desire should be plundered for me.
Indeed, when the Parliament does meet, I doubt, nay hope, it will
make less sensation than usual. The orators of Dublin have
brought the flowers of Billingsgate to so high perfection, that
ours comparatively will have no more scent than a dead dandelion.
If your lordship has not seen the speeches of Mr. Flood and Mr.
Grattan,(511) you may perhaps still think that our oyster-women
can be more abusive than members of parliament. Since I began my
letter, I hear that the meeting of the delegates from the
Volunteers is adjourned to the first of February.(512) This
seems a very favourable circumstance. I don't like a reformation
begun by a Popish army! Indeed, I did hope that peace would bring
us peace, at least not more than the discords incidental to a
free ,government: but we seem not to have attained that era yet!
I hope it will arrive, though I may not see it. I shall not
easily believe that any radical alteration of a constitution that
preserved us so long, and carried us to so great a height, will
recover our affairs. There is a wide difference between
correcting abuses and removing landmarks. Nobody disliked more
than I the strides that were attempted towards increasing the
prerogative; but as the excellence of our constitution, above all
others, consists in the balance established between the three
powers of King, Lords, and Commons, I wish to see that
equilibrium preserved. No single man, nor any private junta, has
a right to dictate laws to all three. In Ireland, truly,' a
still worse spirit I apprehend to be at bottom; in short, it is
frenzy or folly to suppose that an army composed of three parts
of Catholics can be intended for any good purposes.
These are my sentiments, my dear lord, and, you know, very
disinterested. For myself, I have nothing to wish but ease and
tranquillity for the rest of my time. I have no enmities to
avenge. I do hope the present administration will last, as I
believe there are more honest men in it than in any set that
could replace them, though I have not a grain of partiality more
than I had for their associates. Mr. Fox I think by far the
ablest and soundest head in England, and am persuaded that the
more he is tried the greater man he will appear.
Perhaps it is impertinent to trouble your lordship with my creed,
it is certainly of no consequence to any body; but I have nothing
else that could entertain you, and at so serious a crisis can one
think of trifles? In general I am not sorry that the nation is
most disposed to trifle; the less it takes part, the more leisure
will the ministers have to attend to the most urged points. When
so many individuals assume to be legislators, it is lucky that
very few obey their institutes.
I rejoice to hear of Lady Strafford's good health, and am her and
your lordship's most faithful humble servant.
(511) In the course of a debate in the Irish House of Commons, on
the 28th of October, upon Sir Henry Cavendish's motion for a
retrenchment of the public expenditure violent altercation had
taken place between the rival orators. While Mr. Grattan
animadverted, with disgraceful bitterness, on the " broken beak
and disastrous countenance" of his opponent, and charged him with
betraying every man who trusted in him, Mr. Flood broadly
insinuated that Mr. Grattan had betrayed his country for a sum of
gold; and, for prompt payment, had sold himself to the
minister.-E.
(512) They assembled at Dublin on the 10th of November, when a
plan of reform was produced and considered by them; and on the
following day Mr. Flood moved, in the House of Commons for leave
to bring in a bill for the more equal representation of the
people in Parliament. The motion was rejected by 157 votes to
77.-E.
Letter 270 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Berkeley Square, Dec. 11, 1783. (page 341)
Your lordship is so partial to me and my idle letters, that I am
afraid of writing them; not lest they should sink below the
standard you have pleased to affix to them in your own mind, but
from fear of being intoxicated into attempting to keep them up to
it, which would destroy their only merit, their being written
naturally and without pretensions. Gratitude and good breeding
compel me to make due answers; but I entreat your lordship to be
assured, that, however vain I am of your favour, my only aim is
to preserve the honour of your friendship; that it is all the
praise I ask or wish; and that, with regard to letter-writing, I
am firmly persuaded that it is a province in which women will
always shine superiorly; for our sex is too jealous of the
reputation of good sense, to condescend to hazard a thousand
trifles and negligences, which give grace, ease, and familiarity
to correspondence.(513) I will say no more on that subject, for
I feel that I am on the brink of a dissertation; and though that
fault would prove the truth of my proposition, I will not punish
your lordship only to convince you that I am in the right. The
winter is not dull or disagreeable; on the contrary, it is
Pleasing, as the town is occupied on general subjects, and not,
as is too common, on private scandal, private vices, and follies.
The India-bill, air-balloons, Vestris, and the automaton, share
all attention. Mrs. Siddons, as less a novelty, does not engross
all conversation. If abuse still keeps above par, it confines
itself to its prescriptive province, the ministerial line. In
that walk it has tumbled a little into the kennel. The low
buffoonery of Lord Thurlow, in laying the caricatura of the
Coalition on the table of your lordship's House, has levelled it
to Sadler's Wells; and Mr. Flood, the pillar of invective, does
not promise to re-erect it; not, I conclude, from want of having
imported a stock of ingredients, but his presumptuous debut on
the very night of his entry was so wretched, and delivered in so
barbarous a brogue that I question whether he will ever recover
the blow Mr. Courtenay gave him.(514) A young man may correct
and improve, and rise from a first fall; but an elderly formed
speaker has not an equal chance. Mr. Hamilton,(515) Lord
Abercorn's heir, but by no means so laconic, had more success.
Though his first essay, ii was not at all dashed by bashfulness;
and though he might have blushed for discovering so much personal
rancour to Mr. Fox, he rather seemed to be impatient to discharge
it.
Your lordship sees in the papers that the two Houses of Ireland
have firmly resisted the innovations of the Volunteers. Indeed,
it was time for the Protestant proprietors to make their stand;
for though the Catholics behave decently, it would be into their
hands that the prize would fall. The delegates, it is true, have
sent over a most loyal address; but I wish their actions may not
contradict their words! Mr. Flood's discomfiture here will, I
suppose, carry him back to a field wherein his wicked spirit may
have more effect. It is a very serious moment! I am in pain
lest your county, my dear lord, (you know what I mean) should
countenance such pernicious designs.
(513) Some excellent advice on the subject of female
letter-writing, will be found in a letter written, in 1809, by
Lord Collingwood to one of his daughters:--"No sportsman," says
the gallant Admiral, "ever hits a partridge without aiming at it;
and skill is acquired by repeated attempts. When you write a
letter, give it your greatest care, that it may be as perfect in
all its parts as you can make it. Let the subject be sense,
expressed in the most plain, intelligible, and elegant manner
that you are capable of If in a familiar epistle you should be
playful and jocular, guard carefully that your wit be not sharp,
so as to, give pain to any person; and before You write a
sentence, examine it, even the words which it is composed, that
there be nothing vulgar or inelegant in them. Remember, my dear,
that your letter is the picture of Your brains; and those whose
brains are a compound of folly, nonsense, and impertinence, are
to blame to exhibit them to the contempt of the world, or the
pity of their friends. To write a letter with negligence,
without proper stops, with crooked lines and great, flourishing
dashes, is inelegant; it argues either great ignorance of what is
proper, or great indifference towards the person to whom it is
addressed, and is consequently disrespectful." Memoirs, p.
430.-E.
(514) Mr. Flood took his seat for Winchester on the 8th of
December, and on the same evening addressed the House in
Opposition to Mr. Fox's East India bill. "He spoke," says
Wraxall, "with great ability and good sense, but the slow,
measured, and sententious style of enunciation which
characterized his eloquence, appeared to English ears cold and
stiff: unfortunately, too, for Flood, one of his own countrymen,
Courtenay, instantly Opened on him such a battery of ridicule and
wit, as seemed to overwhelm the new Member. He made no attempt
at reply, and under these circumstances began the division. It
formed a triumphant exhibition Of ministerial strength, the
Coalition numbering 208; while only 102 persons, of whom I was
one, followed Pitt into the lobby yet, within twelve days
afterwards he found himself first minister, and so remained above
seventeen years."-E.
(515) John James Hamilton. In 1789, he succeeded his uncle as
ninth Earl of Abercorn, and second Viscount Hamilton; and in
1790, was created Marquis of Abercorn.-E.
Letter 271 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Berkeley Square, Wednesday, May 5, 1784. (page 342)
Your cherries, for aught I know, may, like Mr. Pitt, be half ripe
before others are in blossom; but at Twickenham, I am sure, I
could find dates and pomegranates on the quickset hedges, as soon
as a cherry in swaddling-clothes on my walls. The very leaves on
the horse-chestnuts are little snotty-nosed things, that cry and
are afraid of the north-wind, and cling to the bough as if old
poker was coming to take them away. For my part, I have seen
nothing like spring but a chimney-sweeper's garland; and yet I
have been three days in the country-and the consequence was, that
I was glad to come back to town. I do not wonder that you feel
differently; any thing is warmth and verdure when compared to
poring over memorials. In truth, I think you will be much
happier for being out of Parliament. You could do no good there;
you have no views of ambition to satisfy: and when neither duty.
nor ambition calls, (I do not condescend to name avarice, which
never is to be satisfied, nor deserves to be reasoned with, nor
has any place in your breast,) I cannot conceive what
satisfaction an elderly man can have in listening to the passions
or follies of others: nor is eloquence such a banquet, when one
knows that, whoever the cooks are, whatever the sauces, one has
eaten as good beef or mutton before, and perhaps, as well
dressed. It is surely time to live for one's self, when one has
not a vast while to live; and you, I am persuaded, Will live the
longer for leading a country life. How much better to be
planting, nay, making experiments on smoke (if not too dear),
than reading applications from officers, a quarter of whom you
could not serve, nor content three quarters! You had not time for
necessary exercise : and, I believe, would have blinded yourself.
In short, if you will live in the air all day, be totally idle,
and not read or write a line by candle-light, and retrench your
suppers, I shall rejoice in your having nothing to do but that
dreadful punishment, pleasing yourself. Nobody has any claims on
you; you have satisfied every point of honour; you have no cause
for being particularly grateful to the Opposition; and you want
no excuse for living for yourself. Your resolutions on economy
are not only prudent, but just; and, to say the truth, I believe
if you had continued at the head of the army, you would have
ruined yourself You have too much generosity to have curbed
yourself, and would have had too little time to attend to doing
so. I know by myself how pleasant it is to have laid up a little
for those I love, for those that depend on me, and for old
servants. Moderate wishes may be satisfied; and which is still
better, are less liable to disappointment.
I am not preaching, nor giving advice, but congratulating you it
is certainly not being selfish, when I rejoice at your being
thrown by circumstances into a retired life, though it will
occasion my seeing less of you; but I have always preferred what
was most for your own honour and happiness; and as you taste
satisfaction already, it will not diminish, for they are the
first moments of passing from busy life to a quiet one that are
the most irksome. You have the felicity of being able to amuse
yourself with what the grave world calls trifles , but as gravity
does not happen to be wisdom, trifles are full as important as
what is respected as serious; and more amiable, and generally
more innocent. Most men are bad or ridiculous, sometimes both:
at least my experience tells me what my reading had told me before, that they are so in a great capital
of a sinking 'country. If immortal fame is his object, a Cato
may die but he will do no good. If only the preservation of his
virtue had been his point, he might have lived comfortably at
Athens, like Attieus who, by the way, happens to be as immortal;
though I will give him credit for having had no such view.
Indeed, I look upon this country as so irrecoverably on the verge
of ruin, from its enormous debt, from the loss of America, from
the almost as certain prospect of losing India, that my pride
would dislike to be an actor when the crash may happen.
You seem to think that I might send you more news. So I might,
if I would talk of elections;(516) but those, you know, I hate,
as, in general, I do all details. How Mr. Fox has recovered such
a majority I do not guess, still less do I comprehend how there
could be so many that had not voted, after the poll had lasted so
long.(517) Indeed, I should be sorry to understand such
mysteries.-Of new peers, or new elevations I hear every day, but
am quite ignorant which are to be true. Rumour always creates as
many as the King, when he makes several. In fact, I do know
nothing. Adieu!
P. S. The summer is come to town, but I hope is gone into the
country too.
(516) The Parliament had been dissolved in March, and a new one
was summoned to meet on the 18th of May.-E.
(517) Mr. Pitt says in a letter to Mr. Wilberforce, of the 8th of
April, "Westminster goes on well, in spite of the Duchess of
Devonshire and the other women of the people; but when the poll
will close is uncertain." At the close of it, on the 17th of
May, the numbers were, for Hood 6694, Fox 6233, Wray 5998.
Walpole, whose delicate health at this time confined him almost
entirely to his house, went in a sedan-chair to give his vote for
Mr. Fox. "Apropos of elections," writes Hannah More to her
sister," I had like to have got into a fine scrape the other
night. I was going to pass the evening at Mrs. Cole's, in
Lincoln's-inn Fields. I went in a chair: they carried me through
Covent-Garden: a number of people, as I went along, desired the
men not to go through the Garden, as there were a hundred armed
men, who, suspecting every chairman belonged to Brookes's, would
fall upon us. In spite of my entreaties, the men would have
persisted; but a stranger, out of humanity, made them set me
down; and the shrieks of the wounded, for there was a terrible
battle, intimidated the chairmen, who were at last prevailed upon
to carry me another way. A vast number of people followed me,
crying out, 'it is Mrs. Fox: none but Mr. Fox's wife would dare
to come into Covent-Garden in a chair; she is going to canvass in
the dark!' Though not a little frightened, I laughed heartily at
this; but shall stir no more in a chair for some time." Memoirs,
vol. I. p. 315.-E.
Letter 272 To Miss Hannah More.(519)
May 6, 1784 (page 344)
Mr. Walpole thanks Miss More a thousand times, not only for so
obligingly complying with his request, but for letting him have
the satisfaction of possessing and reading again and again her
charming and very genteel poem, the "Bas Bleu." He ought not, in
modesty, to commend so much a piece in which he himself is
flattered; but truth is more durable than blushing, and he must
be just, though he may be vain. The ingenuity with which she has
introduced, so easily, very difficult rhymes, is admirable; and
though there is a quantity of learning, it has all the air Of
negligence, instead of that of pedantry. As she, commands him,
he will not disobey; and, so far from giving a single copy, he
gives her his word that it shall not go out of his hands. He
begs his particular compliments to Mrs. Garrick, and is Miss
More's most devoted and much obliged humble servant.
(519) Walpole's intimacy with Miss Hannah More commenced in the
year 1781. The following passages occur in her letters of that
and the following year:--"Mr. Walpole has done me the honour of
inviting me to Strawberry Hill: as he is said to be a shy man, I
must consider this as a great compliment."--" We dined the other
day at Strawberry Hill, and passed as delightful a day as elegant
literature, high breeding, and lively wit can afford. As I was
the greatest stranger, Mr. Walpole devoted himself to my
amusement with great politeness."-E.
Letter 273 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, May 21, 1784. (page 345)
I am perfectly satisfied with your epitaph,(520) and would not
have a Syllable altered. It tells exactly what it means to say,
and that truth being an encomium, wants no addition or
amplification. Nor do I love late language for modern facts, nor
will European tongues perish since printing has been discovered.
I should approve French least of all; it would be a kind of
insult to the vanquished: and, besides, the example of a hero
should be held out to his countrymen rather than to their
enemies. You must take care to have the word caused, in the last
line but one, spelt rightly, and not caus'd.
I know nothing of the Parliament but what you saw in the papers.
I came hither yesterday, and am transported, like you, with the
beauty of the country; ay, and with its perfumed air too. The
lilac-time scents even the insides of the rooms.
I desired Lady Ailesbury to carry you Lord Melcombe's Diary.(521)
It is curious indeed; not so much from the secrets it blabs,
which are rather characteristic than novel, but from the
wonderful folly of the author, who was so fond of talking of
himself, that he tells all he knew of himself, though scarce an
event that does not betray his profligacy; and (which is still
more surprising that he should disclose) almost every one exposes
the contempt in which he was held, and his consequential'
disappointments and disgraces! Was ever any man the better for
another's experience? What a lesson is here against versatility!
I, who have lived through all the scenes unfolded, am
entertained; but I should think that to younger readers half the
book must be unintelligible. He explains nothing but the
circumstances of his own situation; and, though he touches on
many important periods, he leaves them undeveloped, and often
undetermined. It is diverting to hear him rail at Lord Halifax
and others, for the very kind of double-dealing which he relates
coolly of himself in the next page. Had he gone backwards, he
might have given half a dozen volumes of his own life, with
similar anecdotes and variations. I am most surprised, that when
self-love is the whole groundwork of the performance, there
should be little or no attempt at shining as an author, though he
was one. As he had so much wit too, I am amazed that not a
feature of it appears. The discussion in the appendix, on the
late Prince's question for increase of allowance, is the only
part in which there is sense or honesty. There is, in the
imperfect account of Rochfort, a strong Circumstance or two that
pleased me much. There are many passages that will displease
several others throughout.
Mr. Coxe's Travels(522) are very different: plain, clear,
sensible, instructive, and entertaining. It is a noble work, and
precious to me who delight in quartos: the two volumes contain
twelve hundred pages; I have already devoured a quarter, though I
have had them but three days. [The rest of this letter is lost.]
(520) An epitaph for the monument erected by the states of Jersey
to the memory of Major Pearson, killed in the attack of that
island by the French in January 1781.
(521) "The Diary of George Bubb Dodington, Baron of Melcombe
Regis, from March 8, 1749, to February 6, 1761; published by
Henry Penruddocke Wyndham."
(522) Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden, and Denmark;
interspersed with Historical Relations and Political Inquiries;
by William Cox, M. A.," in two volumes quarto.-E.
Letter 274 To The Countess Of Ailesbury.
Strawberry Hill, Tuesday night, June 8, 1784. (page 346)
You frightened me for a minute, my dear Madam; but every letter
since has given me pleasure, by telling me how rapidly you
recovered, and how perfectly well you are again. Pray, however,
do not give me any more such Joys. I shall be quite content with
your remaining immortal, without the foil of any alarm. You gave
all your friends a panic, and may trust their attachment without
renewing it. I received as many inquiries the next day as if an
archbishop was in danger, and all the bench hoped he was going to
heaven.
Mr. Conway wonders I do not talk of Voltaire's Memoirs. Lord
bless me! I saw it two months ago; the Lucans brought it from
Paris and lent it to me: nay, and I have seen most of it before;
and I believe this an imperfect copy, for it ends no how at all.
Besides, it was quite out of my head. Lord Melcombe's Diary put
that and every thing else out of my mind. I wonder much more at
Mr. Conway's not talking of this! It gossips about the living as
familiarly as a modern newspaper. I long to hear what say about
it. I wish the newspapers were as accurate! They have been
circumstantial about Lady Walsingham's birthday clothes, which to
be sure one is glad to know, Only unluckily there is no such
person. However, I dare to say that her dress was very becoming,
and that she looked charmingly.
The month of June, according to custom immemorial, is as cold as
Christmas. I had a fire last night, and all my rose-buds, I
believe, would have been very glad to sit by it. I have other
grievances to boot; but as they are annuals too,--videlicet,
people to see my house,-- I will not torment Your ladyship with
them: yet I know nothing else. None of my neighbours are come
into the country yet: one would think all the dowagers were
elected into the new Parliament. Adieu, my dear Madam!
Letter 275 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, June 25, 1784. (page 347)
I can answer you very readily in your own tone, that is, about
weather and country grievances, and without one word of news or
politics; for I know neither, nor inquire of them.(523) I am
very well content to be a Strulbrug, and to exist after I have
done being: and I am still better pleased that you are in the
same way of thinking, or of not thinking; for I am sure both your
health and your mind will find the benefits of living for
yourself and family only. It were not fit that the young should
concentre themselves in so narrow a circle; nor do the young seem
to have any such intention. Let them mend or mar the world as
they please; the world takes its own way upon the whole; and,
though there may be an uncommon swarm of animalcules for a
season, things return into their own channel from their own bias,
before any effectual nostrum or fumigation is discovered. In the
mean time, I am for giving all due weight to local grievances,
though with no natural turn towards attending to them: but they
serve for conversation. We have no newly invented grubs to eat
our fruit; indeed, I have no fruit to be eaten: but I should not
lament if the worms would eat my gardener, who, you know, is so
bad an one that I never have any thing in my garden. I am now
waiting for dry weather to cut my hay; though nature certainly
never intended hay should be cut dry, as it always rains all
June. But here is a worse calamity; one is never safe by day or
night: Mrs. Walsingham, who has bought your brother's late house
at Ditton, was robbed a few days ago in the high road, within a
mile of home, at seven in the evening. The di`a nimorum gentium
pilfer every thing. Last night they stole a couple of yards of
lead off the pediment of the door of my cottage. A gentleman at
Putney, who has three men servants, had his house broken open
last week, and lost some fine miniatures, which he valued so much
that he would not hang them up. You may imagine what a pain this
gives me in my baubles! I have been making the round of my
fortifications this morning, and ordering new works.
I am concerned for the account you give me of your brother. Life
does not appear to be such a jewel as to preserve it carefully
for its own sake. I think the same of its good things; if they
do not procure amusement or comfort, I doubt they only produce
the contrary. Yet it is silly to repine; for, probably, whatever
any man does by choice, he knows will please him best, or at
least will prevent greater uneasiness. I therefore, rather
retract my concern; for, with a vast fortune, Lord Hertford might
certainly do what he would: and if, at his age, he can wish for
more than that fortune will obtain, I may pity his taste or
temper; but I shall think that you and I are much happier who can
find enjoyments in an humbler sphere, nor envy those who have no
time for trifling'. I, who have never done any thing else, am
not at all weary of my occupation. Even three days of continued
rain have not put me out of humour or spirits. C'est beaucoup
dire for an Anglais. Adieu! Yours ever.
(523) "As politics spoil all conversation, Mr. Walpole, the other
night, proposed that every body should forfeit half a crown who
said any thing tending to introduce the idea, either of ministers
or opposition. I added, that whoever mentioned pit-coal or a
fox-skin muff, should be considered as guilty; and it was
accordingly voted." Hannah More, March 8, 1784.-E.
Letter 276 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, June 30, 1784. (page 348)
Instead of coming to you, I Am thinking of packing up and going
to town for winter, so desperate is the weather! I found a great
fire at Mrs. Clive's this evening, and Mr. Rafter hanging over it
like a smoked ham. They tell me my hay will be spoiled for want
of cutting; but I had rather it should be destroyed by standing
than by being mowed, as the former will cost me nothing but the
crop, and 'tis very dear to make nothing but a water-souchy of
it.
You know I have lost a niece, and found another nephew: he makes
the fifty-fourth reckoning both sexes. We are certainly an
affectionate family, for of late we do nothing but marry one
another. Have not You felt a little twinge in a remote corner of
your heart on Lady Harrington's death?(524) She dreaded death so
extremely that I am glad she had not a moment to be sensible of
it. I have a great affection for sudden deaths; they save
oneself and every body else a deal of ceremony.
The Duke and Duchess of Marlborough breakfasted here on Monday,
and seemed much pleased, though it rained the whole time with an
Egyptian darkness. I should have thought there had been deluges
enough to destroy all Egypt's other plagues: but the newspapers
talk of locusts: I suppose relations of your beetles, though
probably not so fond of green fruit; for the scene of their
campaign is Queen square, Westminster, where there certainly has
not been an orchard since the reign of Canute.
I have, at last, seen an air-balloon; just as I once did see a
tiny review, by passing one accidentally on Hounslow-heath. I
was going last night to Lady Onslow at Richmond, and over Mr.
Cambridge's field I saw a bundle in the air not bigger than the
moon,(525) and she herself could not have descended with more
composure if she had expected to find Endymion fast asleep. It
seemed to 'light on Richmond-hill; but Mrs. Hobart was going by,
and her coiffure prevented my seeing it alight. The papers say,
that a balloon has been made at Paris representing the castle of
Stockholm, in compliment to the King of Sweden; but that they are
afraid to let it off: so, I suppose, it will be served up to him
in a dessert. No great progress.. surely, is made in these airy
navigations, if they are still afraid of risking the necks of two
or three subjects for the entertainment of a visiting sovereign.
There is seldom a feu de joie for the birth of a Dauphin that
does not cost more lives. I thought royalty and science never
haggled about the value of blood when experiments are in the
question.
I shall wait for summer before I make you a visit. Though I dare
to say that you have converted your smoke-kilns into a
manufacture of balloons, pray do not erect a Strawberry castle in
the air for my reception, if it will cost a pismire a hair of its
head. Good night! I have ordered my bed to be heated as hot as
an oven, and Tonton and I must go into it.
(524) See vol. i. p. 379, letter 143.-E.(525) "Lunardi's nest,"
says Hannah More, " when I saw it yesterday, looking like a
pegtop, seemed, I assure you, higher than the moon, 'riding
towards her highest noon.'"-E.
Letter 277 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, August 6, 1784. (page 349)
I am very sorry, my dear lord, that I must answer your lordship's
letter by a condolence. I had not the honour Ur of being
acquainted with Mrs. Vyse, but have heard so much good of her,
that it is impossible not to lament her. Since this month began
we have had fine weather; and 'twere great pity if we had not,
when the earth is covered with Such abundant harvests! They talk
of an earthquake having been felt in London. Had Sir William
Hamilton been there, he would think the town gave itself great
airs. He, I believe, is putting up volcanos in his own country.
In my youth, philosophers were eager to ascribe every uncommon
discovery to the Deluge; now it is the fashion to solve every
appearance by conflagrations. If there was such an inundation
upon the earth, and such a furnace under it, I am amazed that
Noah and company were not boiled to death. Indeed, I am a great
sceptic about human reasonings; they predominate only for a time,
like other mortal fashions, and are so often exploded after the
mode is passed, that I hold them little more serious, though they
call themselves wisdom. How many have I lived to see established
and confuted! For instance, the necessity of a southern continent
as a balance was supposed to be unanswerable; and so it was, till
Captain Cook found there was no such thing. We are poor silly
animals: we live for an instant upon a particle of a boundless
universe, and are much like a butterfly that should argue about
the nature of the seasons and what creates their vicissitudes,
and does not exist itself to see one annual revolution of them!
Adieu! my dear lord! If my reveries are foolish, remember, I give
them for no better, If I depreciate human wisdom, I am sure I do
not assume a grain to myself; nor have any thing to value myself
upon more than being your lordship's most obliged humble servant.
Letter 278 To Mr. Dodsley.(526)
Strawberry Hill, August 8, 1784. (page 350)
I must beg, Sir, that you will tell Mr. Pinkerton, that I am much
obliged to him for the honour he is willing to do me, though I
must deg his leave to decline it. His book(527) deserves an
eminent patron: I am too inconsiderable to give any relief to it,
and even in its own line am unworthy to be distinguished. One of
my first pursuits was a collection of medals; but I early gave it
over, as I could not afford many branches of virt`u, and have
since changed or given away several of my best Greek and Roman
medals. What remain, I shall be glad to show Mr. Pinkerton; and,
if it would not be inconvenient to him to come hither any morning
by eleven o'clock, after next Thursday, that he Will not only see
my medals, but any other baubles here that can amuse him. I am,
Sir, your most obedient humble servant.
(526) Now first collected.
(527) The first edition of Pinkerton's "Essay on Medals" was
published by Dodsley, in two volumes octavo, in this year,
without the name of the author.-E.
Letter 279 To The Hon. H. S. Conway.
Strawberry Hill, August 14, 1784. (page 350)
As Lady Cecilia Johnston offers to be postman, I cannot resist
writing a line, though I have not a word to say. In good sooth,
I know nothing hear Of nothing but robberies and housebreaking;
consequently never think of ministers, India directors, and such
honest men. Mrs. Clive has been broken open, and Mr. Raftor
miscarried, and died of the fright. Lady Browne has lost all her
liveries and her temper, and Lady Blandford has cried her eyes
out on losing a lurch and almost her wig. In short, as I do not
love exaggeration, I do not believe there have been above
threescore highway robberies within this week, fifty-seven houses
that have been broken open, and two hundred and thirty that are
to be stripped on the first opportunity. We are in great hopes,
however, that the King of Spain, now he has demolished Algiers,
the metropolitan see of thieves, will come and bombard Richmond,
Twickenham, Hampton-court, and all the suffragan cities that
swarm with pirates and banditti, as he has a better knack at
destroying vagabonds than at recovering his own.
Ireland is in a blessed way; and, as if the climate infected
every body that sets foot there, the viceroy's aides-do-camp have
blundered into a riot, that will set all the humours afloat. I
wish you joy of the summer being come now it is gone, which is
better than not coming at all. I hope Lady Cecilia will return
with an account of your all being perfectly well. Adieu! Yours
ever.
Letter 280 To John Pinkerton, Esq.(528)
Strawberry Hill, August 24, 1784. (page 351)
I am much obliged to you, Sir, for the pieces you have sent me of
your own composition.(529) There is great poetic beauty and
merit in them, with great knowledge of the ancient masters and of
the best of the modern. You have talents that will succeed in
whatever you pursue, and industry to neglect nothing that will
improve them. Despise petty critics, and confute them by making
your works as perfect as you can.
I am sorry you sent me the old manuscript; because, as I told
you, I have so little time left to enjoy any thing, that I should
think myself a miser if I coveted for a moment what I must leave
so soon. I shall be very glad, Sir, to see you here again,
whenever it is convenient to you.
(528) This is the first of the series of letters addressed by Mr.
Walpole to Mr. Pinkerton. They are taken from his " Literary
Correspondence," first printed in 1830, in two volumes octavo, by
Dawson Turner, Esq. M.A. F.R.S. from the originals in his
valuable collection. Mr. Pinkerton was born at Edinburgh, in
February 1758, and died at Paris in May 1826. "He was," says Mr.
Dawson Turner, "a man of a capacious mind, great acuteness,
strong memory, restless activity, and extraordinary perseverance:
the anecdotes contained in this correspondence afford a striking
proof of the power of talent,, and industry to raise their
possessor in the scale of society, as well as in the opinion of
the world: unfortunately, they are also calculated to read us
another and not less instructive lesson, that somewhat more is
required to turn such advantages to their full account; and that
the endowments of the mind, unless accompanied by sound and
consistent principles, can tend but little to the happiness of
the individual, or to the good of society."-E.
(529) In 1781, Mr. Pinkerton had published an octavo volume
entitled "Rimes;" a second edition of which, with additions,
appeared in the following year.-E.
Letter 281 To The Earl Of Strafford.
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 7, 1784. (page 351)
The summer is come at last, my lord, drest as fine as a birthday,
though with not so many flowers on its head. In truth, the sun
is an old fool, who apes the modern people of fashion by arriving
too late: the day is going to bed before he makes his appearance;
and one has scarce time to admire his embroidery of green and
gold. It was cruel to behold such expanse of corn every where,
and yet see it all turned to a water-souchy. If I could admire
Dante,--which, asking Mr. Hayley's pardon, I do not,--I would
have written an olio of jews and Pagans, and sent Ceres to
reproach Master Noah with breaking his promise of the world never
being drowned again. But this last week has restored matters to
their old channel; and I trust we shall have bread to eat next
winter, or I think we must have lived on apples, of which to be
sure there is enough to prevent a famine. This is all I know, my
lord; and I hope no news to your lordship. I have exhausted the
themes of air-balloons and highwaymen; and if you will have my
letters, you must be content with my commonplace chat on the
seasons. I do nothing worth repeating, nor hear that others do:
and though I am content to rust myself, I should be glad to tell
your lordship any thing that would amuse you. I dined two days
ago at Mrs. Garrick's -with Sir William Hamilton, who is
returning to the kingdom of cinders. Mrs. Walsingham(530) Was
there with her son and daughter. He is a very pleasing young
man; a fine figure; his face like hers, with something of his
grandfather, Sir Charles Williams, without his vanity: very
sensible, and uncommonly well-bred. The daughter is an
imitatress of Mrs. Damer, and has modelled a bust of her brother.
Mrs. Damer herself is modelling two masks for the keystones of
the new bridge at Henley. Sir William, who has seen them, says
they are in her true antique style. I am in possession of her
sleeping dogs in terra cotta. She asked me if I would consent to
her executing them in marble for the Duke of Richmond? I said
gladly; I should like they should exist in a more durable
material; but I would not part with the original, Which is
sharper and more alive. Mr. Wyat the architect saw them here
lately; and said, he was sure that if the idea was given to the
best statuary in Europe, he would not produce so perfect a group.
Indeed with those dogs and the riches I possess by Lady Di,(531)
poor Strawberry may vie with much prouder collections.
Adieu, my good lord! when I fold up a letter I am ashamed of it;
but it is your own fault. The last thing I should think of would
be troubling your lordship with such insipid stuff, if you did
not command it. Lady Strafford will bear me testimony how often
I have protested against it.
(530) Charlotte, daughter of Sir Charles Hanbury Williams, Bart,
married to the Hon. Robert Boyle Walsingham.-E.
(531) The number of original drawings by Lady Diana Beauclerc, at
Strawberry Hill.
Letter 282 To John Pinkerton, Esq.(532)
Strawberry Hill, Sept. 27, 1784. (page 353)
I have read your piece, Sir, very attentively; and, as I
promised, will give you my opinion of it fairly. There is much
wit in it, especially in the part of Nebuchadnezer and the
dialogue is very easy, and the dinouement in favour of Barbara
interesting. There are, however, I think, some objections to be
made, which, having written so well, you may easily remove, as
they are rather faults in the mechanism than in the writing.
Several scenes seem to me to finish too abruptly, and not to be
enough connected. Juliana is not enough distinguished, as of an
age capable of more elevated sentiments: her desire of playing at
hot-cockles and blind-man's-buff sounds more childish than
vulgar. There is another defect, which is in the conduct of the
plot: surely there is much too long an interval between the
discovery of the marriage of Juliana and Philip, and the anger of
her parents. The audience must expect immediate effect from it;
and yet the noise it is to make arrives so late, that it would
have been forgotten in the course of the intermediate scenes.
I doubt a little, whether it would not be dangerous to open the
piece with a song that must be totally incomprehensible to at
least almost all the audience. It is safer to engage their
prejudices by something captivating. I have the same objection
to Julia's mistaking deposit for posset, which may give an ill
turn: besides, those mistakes have been too often produced on the
stage: so has the character of Mrs. Winter, a romantic old maid;
nor does she contribute to the plot or catastrophe. I am afraid
that even Mrs. Vernon's aversion to' the country is far from
novel; and Mr. Colman, more accustomed to the stage than I am,
would certainly think so. Nebuchadnezer's repartees of "Very
well, thank you!" and bringing in Philip, when bidden to go for a
rascal, are printed in the Terrce Filius, and, I believe, in
other jest-books; and therefore had better be omitted.
I flatter myself, Sir, you will excuse these remarks; as they are
intended kindly, both for your reputation and interest, and to
prevent them being made by the manager, or audience, or your
friends the reviewers. I am ready to propose your piece to Mr.
Colman at any time; but, as I have sincerely an opinion of your
parts and talents, it is the part of a friend to wish you to be
very correct, especially in a first piece; for, such is the
ill-nature of mankind, and their want of judgment too, that, if a
new author does not succeed in a first attempt on the stage, a
prejudice is contracted against him, and may be fatal to others
of his productions, which might have prospered, had that bias not
been taken. An established writer for the stage may venture
almost any idleness; but a first essay is very different.
Shall I send you your piece, Sir; and how? As Mr. Colman's
theatre will not open till next summer, you will have full time
to make any alterations you please. I mean, if you should think
any of my observations well founded, and which, perhaps, are very
trifling. I have little opinion of my own sagacity as a critic,
nor love to make objections; nor should have taken so much
liberty with you, if you had not pressed it. I am sure in me it
is a mark of regard, and which I never pay to an indifferent
author: my admiration of your essay on medals was natural,
uninvited, and certainly unaffected. My acquaintance with you
since, Sir, has Confirmed my opinion of your good sense, and
interested me In behalf of' your works; and, having lived SO long
in the world myself, if My experience can be of any service to
you, I cannot withhold it when you ask it; at the same time
leaving you perfectly at liberty to reject it, if not adopted by
your own judgment. The experience of old age Is very likely to
be balanced by the weaknesses incident to that age. I have not,
however, its positiveness yet; and willingly abandon my criticism
to the vigour of your judgment.
(532) Now first collected.
Letter 283 To John Pinkerton, Esq.(533)
Strawberry Hill, Oct. 6, 1784. (page 354)
You have accepted my remarks with great good-humour, Sir: I wish
you may not have paid too much regard to them: and I should be
glad that you did not rest any alterations on my single judgment,
to which I have but little respect myself. I have not thought
often on theatric performances, and of late not at all. A chief
ground of my observations on your piece proceeded from having
taken notice that an English audience is apt to be struck with
some familiar sound, though there is nothing, ridiculous in the
passage; and fall into a foolish laugh, that often proves fatal
to the author. Such was my objection to hot-cockles. You have,
indeed, convinced me that I did not enough attend to your piece,
as a farce; and, you must excuse me, my regard for you and Your
wit made me consider it rather as a short comedy. Very probably
too, I have retained the pedantic impression,, of the French, and
demanded more observance of their rules than is necessary or
just: yet I myself have often condemned their too delicate
rigour. Nay, I have wished that farce and speaking harlequins
were more encouraged, in order to leave open a wider field of
invention to writers for the stage. Of late I have amply had my
wish: Mr. O'Keefe has brought our audiences to bear with every
extravagance; and, were there not such irresistible humour in his
utmost daring, it would be impossible to deny that he has passed
even beyond the limits of nonsense. But I confine this
approbation to his Agreeable Surprise. In his other pieces there
is much more untempered nonsense than humour. Even that
favourite performance I wondered that Mr. Colman dared to
produce.
Your remark, that a piece full of marked characters would be void
of nature, is most just. This is so strongly my opinion, that I
thought it a great fault in Miss Burney's Cecilia, though it has
a thousand other beauties, that she has laboured far too much to
make all her personages talk always in character; whereas, in the
present refined or depraved state of human nature, most people
endeavour to conceal their real character, not to display it. A
professional man, as a pedantic fellow of a college or a seaman,
has a characteristic dialect; but that is very different from
continually letting out his ruling passion. This brings me, Sir,
to the alteration you offer in the personage of Mrs. Winter, whom
you wittily propose -to turn into a mermaid. I approve the idea
much: I like too the restoration of Mrs. Vernon to a plain
reasonable woman. She will be a contrast to the bad characters,
and but a gradation to produce Barbara, without making her too
glaringly bright without any intermediate shade. In truth, as
you certainly may write excellently if you please, I wish you to
bestow your utmost abilities on whatever you give to the public.
I am wrong when I would have a farce as chaste and sober as a
comedy; but I would have a farce made as good as it can be. I do
not know how that is to be accomplished; but I believe you do.
You are so obliging as to offer to accept a song of mine, if I
have one by me. Dear Sir, I have no more talent for writing a
song than for writing an ode like Dryden's or Gray's. It is a
talent per se; and given, like every other branch of genius, by
nature alone. Poor Shenstone was labouring through his whole
life to write a perfect song, and, in my opinion at least, never
once succeeded; not better than Pope did in a St. Cecilian ode.
I doubt whether we have not gone a long, long way beyond the
possibility of